Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo ngexesha langempela kubalulekile kwi-hydrochloric acid vaporizers ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwiinkqubo ze-chloralkali kunye nezo zisezantsi. Ukunyuka koxinzelelo ngequbuliso—okuvela ekuphazamisekeni kokuhamba kwamanzi, ukutshintsha kobushushu, ukuvaleka, okanye ukufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo—kunokubangela iziganeko zoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, ukukhululwa kwe-asidi kwi-asidi, ukubola kwezixhobo (kubandakanya uhlaselo oluphakathi kweegranular), kunye nokufuma okungaphelelanga. Ii-inline pressure transmitters zibonelela ngokubona ukuguquguquka kwangoko, okuvumela ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kokhuseleko olugqithisileyo, ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo ukugcina ukulingana okuzinzileyo komphunga nolwelo. Oku kuthintela ingozi.I-HClikhupha umphunga, inciphisa ukudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuwohloka kolwelo oluzaliswayo, inciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga, inciphisa umonakalo wokugqwala, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza komphunga ngelixa ikhusela abasebenzi kunye neempahla.
Inkqubo yeChloralkali
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IsishwankatheloyeNkqubo yeChloralkali
Inkqubo ye-chloralkali yeyona nto iphambili kwimveliso ye-chlorine, i-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide), kunye ne-hydrogen chloride gas evela kwi-brine. I-Brine, eyenziwe ngamanzi kunye ne-sodium chloride ecociweyo, ingena kwi-electrolyzer apho umbane uyiqhekeza khona. Iziphumo eziphambili yi-chlorine gas kwi-anode, i-hydrogen gas, kunye ne-caustic soda kwi-cathode, apho i-hydrogen chloride gas idla ngokuveliswa njengemveliso ephumayo.
Umzobo wenkqubo ye-chloralkali ubonisa olu landelelwano. Ukutya kwe-brine kungena kwiseli; amandla ombane aphula i-sodium chloride. Igesi ye-chlorine inyuka ukusuka kummandla we-anode, ngelixa i-sodium hydroxide kunye negesi ye-hydrogen zenzeka kufutshane ne-cathode, zishiya iseli ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuveliswa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kwenzeka nokuba kukwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hydrogen kunye neegesi ze-chlorine, okanye ngokufunxa i-chlorine kwi-caustic soda ukuze kamva ibuyisele i-HCl ngokusebenzisa i-acidification.
Iindlela zokuvelisa igesi ye-hydrogen chloride zilawula ngokuchanekileyo. Kwi-synthesis ethe ngqo, i-hydrogen kunye ne-chlorine ziyasabela kuxinzelelo olulawulwayo kunye nobushushu, zenze igesi ye-HCl. Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo oluphakathi kweli nyathelo kubaluleke kakhulu—uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo luphakamisa umngcipheko wokuqhuma, ngelixa uxinzelelo oluphantsi lunciphisa isivuno kwaye lungcolisa imveliso esezantsi. Ukuguqulwa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kwi-hydrochloric acid kufuna ukufunxwa emanzini angena-ion phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo, kwakhona kufuna ukubekwa esweni koxinzelelo oluqinileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuveliswa kwe-acid inkungu kunye nemiba yokuvuza ekhuthaza ukugqwala phakathi kweegranular.
Inqanaba ngalinye—ukungena kwe-feedstock, i-electrolysis, ukwahlukana kwegesi, ukwenziwa kwe-HCl, kunye nokufunxwa kwe-HCl—kuxhomekeke kwidatha yoxinzelelo ngexesha langempela. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lunokubangela ukuvuza okukhulu okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-asidi, ngelixa uxinzelelo olungaphantsi ludala ukungazinzi, okuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle komphunga kunye nobunyulu bemveliso.
Ukufuthwa kweHydrochloric Acid kunye nemingeni yayo
Ukufuthwa kwe-hydrochloric acid, okuqhele ukwenziwa kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi ezifana nokwenziwa kweekhemikhali okanyeukukha i-asidi, kuxhomekeke ekuhanjisweni kokutya okuzinzileyo, ukufudumeza okulawulwayo, kunye nokudluliselwa okukhuselekileyo. Amanqanaba aphambili aquka ukufudumeza kwangaphambili i-hydrochloric acid, ukufutha ngaphakathi kwesixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu esizinikeleyo, kunye nokusasaza umphunga. Isigaba ngasinye sineengozi zaso: ukuguquguquka okukhawulezayo kokutya okanye ukungalingani kobushushu kunokubangela ukuguquguquka kwentliziyo yoxinzelelo, okunokubangela iinkqubo zokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.
Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo olungaphakathi ngexesha langempela kuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwezi ndawo zolawulo. Umzekelo, isilawuli sobushushu esingasebenziyo okanye i-outlet yomphunga evalekileyo inokubangela ukwakheka kwengcinezelo ngequbuliso. Ngaphandle kokubeka iliso okusebenzayo, uxinzelelo lwegobolondo le-vaporizer lunokunyuka, lutyhale ulwelo oluzaliswayo kwiindawo zomphunga—imeko ekhokelela kwimpembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo kwaye ibenze mandundu imiba yokufuma kwe-asidi. Ezi ziphumo zixinzelela izinto ze-vaporizer, zinyusa umngcipheko weendlela zokusilela ezibangelwa kukubola kunye nokubola phakathi kwe-granular.
Kwicala loomatshini, izinzwa zoxinzelelo lwe-diaphragm—ezidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukufundwa okuchanekileyo ngexesha langempela—zisengozini yokudinwa kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-diaphragm. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukufundwa koxinzelelo olungelulo ulayini okanye ukungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo kwe-sensor, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima iinkqubo zokulinganisa kwindawo kwaye ifuna iindlela zokulungisa ukuvalwa rhoqo ukuze kuthintelwe ixesha lokungasebenzi elingalindelekanga.
Ukuba azilawulwa, ezi ngxaki zokungasebenzi kakuhle zinegalelo ekugugeni kwezixhobo ngaphambi kwexesha, ingakumbi xa umphunga we-hydrochloric acid ungena kwiindawo zokutywina okanye kwiindawo zokuvalela iinzwa. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwe-hydrochloric acid nkungu luyimfuneko ukuthintela ukungena okukhokelela kwimiphumo yokuguga kolwelo lwe-sensor kunye nokusilela kokugqwala ixesha elide. Ukugcina ukwenziwa ngcono kokusebenza komphunga kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo loxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, ukugcinwa okuqinileyo, kunye nezilumkiso zokuphambuka koxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile kuyo yonke imisebenzi.
Ukujonga uxinzelelo rhoqo, kuquka nezixhobo ezivela kubavelisi abanjengoLonnmeter, kuxhasa ukusebenza kwe-chloralkali okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo ngokukhusela ekuphazamisekeni kwenkqubo nokunciphisa izinto ezibangela ukungaphumeleli kumanyathelo okuphefumla kunye nokuguqula.
Umzobo weNkqubo yeChloralkali
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Iingozi Eziphambili Ekusetyenzisweni Kwe-Hydrochloric Acid Vaporizer
Iingozi zokuveliswa kwegesi yeHydrogen Chloride
Ukuveliswa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride yinto ephambili kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali. Nangona kunjalo, ulawulo olungafanelekanga ngexesha lokufuma kuzisa imingeni ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza. Xa i-hydrochloric acid engamanzi ifuthwa ngaphandle kolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, kuvela inkungu ye-asidi. La mathontsi aphuma emoyeni anokubangela ukukhutshwa okungalawulekiyo, abonise umngcipheko wokuphefumla kunye nokugqwala okukhulu kwizixhobo. Ukuveliswa kwenkungu ye-asidi kudla ngokuba ngumphumo wokungazinzi, ukungalingani koxinzelelo, okanye amazinga okuguquguquka komphunga. Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwenkungu ye-hydrochloric acid luxhomekeke ekugcineni iimeko zenkqubo ezizinzileyo kunye nokusebenzisa ii-vaporizers ezinamandla ezilawula utshintsho lwesigaba. Iinkqubo zokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo zikwanceda ekunciphiseni ukunyuka kwegesi ngequbuliso okunokubangela iziganeko zenkungu ye-asidi.
Ukugqwala phakathi kweegranular kunye nobude bexesha leeasethi
Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwi-hydrochloric acid vaporizer zijongene nomngcipheko wokugqwala rhoqo ngenxa yobundlobongela be-hydrogen chloride. Iindlela zokungaphumeleli okubangelwa kukugqwala, ingakumbi ukugqwala okuphakathi kweegranular, zisongela imibhobho, iivalvu, kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa. Olu hlobo lokugqwala luhlasela imida yeenkozo zesinyithi, lwenza buthathaka izinto ngaphakathi kwaye lukhokelele ekusileleni kwangaphambi kwexesha.Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo ngexesha langempelaKubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukugqwala phakathi kweegranular: ngokulandelela ukuphambuka kuxinzelelo lokusebenza, abaqhubi banokuchonga iimeko ezinokukhawulezisa ukugqwala, njengoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo okanye ukujikeleza ngebhayisikile. Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kuvumela ukungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kokugqwala kwizixhobo zoshishino kunye nokwandisa ixesha elide lempahla.
Iingozi Zokusebenza Nokugcinwa
Iziphumo zokwaluphala kolwelo oluzaliswayo kunye nempembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo zizinto ezinobungozi bemihla ngemihla ekulinganisweni koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali kunye nokujikeleza kobushushu kuyawohloka ulwelo oluzaliswayo ngaphakathi kweetransmitter zoxinzelelo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintsheni koxinano, ukwakheka komphunga, kunye nokuthembeka kwesignali okubuthathaka. Oku konakala kwazisa ukushukuma komlinganiselo kwaye kunokubangela ii-alamu zobuxoki okanye ukufihla utshintsho loxinzelelo lokwenyani. Xa ukufuma kwe-asidi kwenzeka kwiiseal ezikude okanye kwiintambo zenkqubo yesixhobo, iitransmitter zangaphakathi zinokungcola, nto leyo eyonakalisa ngakumbi ukuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka.
Izizathu zokuguquguquka kwe-pressure pulse zihlala zinxulumene notshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwenkqubo, i-pump cavitation, okanye imisebenzi yevalvu yesikhashana. Ezi pulses zibukhali neziphindaphindwayo zinokudinisa ii-diaphragms ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwezinzwa. Ukudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuguquguquka kwazo kunokubonakala njengokufundwa okungekho kumgca okanye amaxesha okuphendula acothayo. Iimpawu zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm zakuqala ziquka imiqondiso yoxinzelelo engaguqukiyo kunye neziphumo ezingaguqukiyo, eziqhubekela phambili ekulahlekelweni kobuntununtunu okanye ukuqhekeka okusisigxina ukuba azinakwa.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuqhubekayo, idatha yoxinzelelo lwexesha langempela ixhasa iinkqubo zokulinganisa kwindawo ngokutyhila iindlela ezihamba kancinci kancinci kude nokusebenza okusisiseko. Idatha efikelelekayo ikwavumela abaqhubi ukuba bacebe iindlela ezilungileyo zokulungisa ukuvalwa, bejongana nemiba emincinci nengxamisekileyo yokuthembeka ngaphambi kokuba inyuke. Oku kuphumela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokufuma, ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukucima okungacwangciswanga kwinkqubo yokuvelisa igesi ye-hydrogen chloride.
Ukukhusela Uxinzelelo Olugqithisileyo kunye Nokuphucula Ukusebenza Kakuhle
Iinkqubo eziHlanganisiweyo zoKhuselo oluPhezulu
Ukufunyanwa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze kukhuseleke kwaye kusebenze ngokuthembekileyo kwiiskidi ze-hydrochloric acid vaporizer. Ukunyuka koxinzelelo—okubangelwa kukutshintsha okukhawulezayo kokuhamba kwamanzi, impembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo, okanye imiba yokufuma kwe-asidi—kunokubangela ukudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuguquguquka. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm ziquka ukufundwa koxinzelelo okungaguqukiyo, amaxesha okuphendula andayo, kunye nokuguguleka okubonakalayo koomatshini. Ukuba akujongwanga, oku kudinwa kunokudlulela ngokukhawuleza kwiindlela zokusilela ezibangelwa kukugqwala, ngakumbi ezifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zenkqubo ye-chloralkali.
Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela, kusetyenziswa ii-inline pressure transmitters, kubalulekile kwinkqubo yokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ethembekileyo. Xa kufunyenwe uhambo oluxinzelelweyo, iiprotokholi zohambo olukhuselekileyo zinokuvulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, zibangele ukuvalwa kunye nokwahlulwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukungaphumeleli. Oku akuthinteli nje kuphela ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride embi kodwa kunciphisa namathuba okugqwala phakathi kwe-granular, okuyingozi enkulu kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali. Iinkqubo ezidibeneyo, ezinempendulo yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, zivumela iinkqubo zokulinganisa kwindawo kwaye zixhasa iindlela ezilungileyo zokugcinwa kokuvalwa, zinciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwaye zandise ubomi benkonzo ye-diaphragm.
Ukuqinisekisa Ukusebenza Kakhulu Kokuphefumla Umphunga
Ukugcina iprofayili yoxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kakuhle komphunga kwii-vaporizers ze-hydrochloric acid. Izizathu zokuguquguquka kwe-pressure pulse, ezifana neziphumo zokuguga kolwelo okanye ukuguquka kobushushu ngokukhawuleza, ziphazamisa zombini ukufuma kunye nolawulo lwe-acid inkungu. Ukuwa ngequbuliso okanye ukunyuka koxinzelelo kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni komphunga okungaphelelanga, amazinga aphezulu okulahleka kwe-asidi, kunye nokwanda kokuqina kwe-acid inkungu. Ezi lahleko zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imveliso yegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kwaye zibeka emngciphekweni ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kokugqwala kwizixhobo zoshishino.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline zisebenza kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yoxinano, uxinaniso, kunye nobushushu. Umzekelo, iLonnmeterimitha yoxinano olusemgceniInika ingxelo yexesha langempela malunga noxinzelelo lwe-asidi, iphucula iimpendulo ze-loop yolawulo. Idatha edibeneyo evela kumlinganiselo woxinzelelo kunye noxinano ivumela abaqhubi ukuba balungise amazinga okuhamba kunye nokufakwa kobushushu, begcina inkqubo yokufuma ngaphakathi kweeparamitha ezifanelekileyo. Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo oluzinzileyo lunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-asidi, luxhasa ukubuyiselwa kwe-mist ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye luqinisekise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokudibanisa ezi zilinganiso, uzinzo lwenkqubo luyaphucuka, lunciphisa imfuneko yokugcinwa okungacwangciswanga kunye nomngcipheko wokukhutshwa kwe-mist ye-asidi kwindawo yokusebenza.
Ii-Lonnmeter Inline Pressure Transmitters kunye ne-Multi-Parameter Instrumentation
Ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zibonelela ngezisombululo eziqinileyo zenkqubo ye-chloralkali, efuna ukubekwa esweni ngokuchanekileyo kwemveliso yegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kunye nokufuma kwe-hydrochloric acid. Ezi transmitters zenzelwe ukumelana neendawo ezinobungozi kakhulu, zibonelela ngokufundwa okukhawulezayo nokuchanekileyo okumelana nokusilela okuqhelekileyo kwiisensa zenjongo eqhelekileyo. Uyilo lwazo lwesensa oluphambili lujongana nokuzalisa iziphumo zokuguga kolwelo kunye nokudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuguquguquka—izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokungaphumeleli okubangelwa kukugqwala kwizixhobo zoshishino.
Iidiaphragm ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo kwiitransmitter zeLonnmeter zithintela impembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo kunye nokuqhekeka kwezixhobo zangaphakathi ezibolayo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo nangona kukho izizathu ezinzima zokuguquguquka kwentliziyo okanye imiba yokufuma kwe-asidi. Umzekelo, xa i-HCl evuthweyo idala imeko-bume enzima, iitransmitter zoxinzelelo lweLonnmeter zisebenza njengenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba kwiinkqubo zokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Aziboni nje kuphela ukunyuka koxinzelelo olunokukhokelela kwiimeko zokuthintela ukubola phakathi kwegranular kodwa zisabela ngokukhawuleza kwiithontsi ezingaqhelekanga okanye ii-spikes, zihlala zilumkisa abaqhubi ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukusilela okukhulu.
Ukudibanisa ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters kunye ne-inline concentration eyongezelelweyo, i-density, i-viscosity, i-level, kunye ne-temperature transmitters kudala inethiwekhi yezixhobo ze-multi-parameter. Le ndlela ibanzi ivumela abaqhubi ukuba bajonge impembelelo ye-fill fluid vaporization kunye nemiba ye-acid mist condensation, zombini ezi zinto zibalulekileyo ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-vaporization. Ii-inline density kunye ne-viscosity metres, ezenziwe yiLonnmeter, zixhasa ulawulo oluneenkcukacha lwenkqubo, zivumela ukulungiswa kunye nokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yonakale okanye ukugcinwa kokuvalwa kube yimfuneko.
Ngokulandela iiparameter ezininzi—uxinzelelo, ubushushu, uxinaniso, uxinano, ukuxinana, kunye nenqanaba—idatha yexesha langempela inika ukuqonda kwizizathu eziphambili zeempawu zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm kwaye inceda ekuphunyezweni kweendlela ezilungileyo zokugcina ukuvalwa. Olu hlolo oluxhunyiweyo lubalulekile kwiinkqubo zokulinganisa ngokukhawuleza kwindawo, ukuphucula ukuqina kunye nokuchaneka kwenkqubo yonke.
Izisombululo zeLonnmeter ziqinisekisa ukuba ubomi bokusebenza kwezinzwa kunye nezixhobo zenkqubo buphezulu, zixhasa ngokuthe ngqo ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kokugqwala kwizixhobo zoshishino kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elibangelwa ziimpazamo zezinzwa. Kumzobo wenkqubo ye-chloralkali, ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zeparameter ezininzi kunceda ukujongana nemingeni ethile kwimveliso yegesi ye-hydrogen chloride, ukuphucula ulawulo lwe-hydrochloric acid kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthembeka kwenkqubo ixesha elide.
Isikhokelo soFakelo kunye nexabiso elinokulinganiswa
Iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo zokubeka indawo
Ukuze inkqubo igqibelele kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali, faka ii-pressure transmitters kuzo zombini iindawo zokungena kunye neendawo zokuphuma ze-vaporizer. Le ndlela ye-dual-point ibonelela ngokubona kwangoko izizathu ezingaqhelekanga zokuguquguquka kwe-pressure pulse kwaye igxininisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo olugqithisileyo oluhambelana nokuveliswa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kunye nolawulo lwe-hydrochloric acid mist. Ii-sensors ezongezelelweyo kufuneka zibekwe kwiindawo ezichatshazelwe kukwehla koxinzelelo ngequbuliso, njengeendawo zokufaka imibhobho okanye ii-valve zokuvala ezikufutshane nolawulo kunye nezokhuseleko, apho uphawu olukhawulezileyo lotshintsho olungafunekiyo luvumela ukuthintela ngexesha elifanelekileyo iindlela zokungaphumeleli ezibangelwa kukugqwala.
Ukulinganisa uxinaniso lwexesha langempela kunye noxinzelelo kufutshane neendawo ezinokuba nefuthe lokuzalisa umphunga wolwelo kunye nemiba yokufuma kwe-asidi kuvelisa izilumkiso zakwangoko zokuthintela ukugqwala phakathi kweegranular. Hlanganisa i-inline density kunye ne-thermal transmitters ezijikeleze ezi ndawo zibalulekileyo—ingakumbi apho ukulungiswa kokusebenza kakuhle komphunga kubaluleke kakhulu—ukuze kubonwe utshintsho lwesigaba oluchaphazela imiphumo yokuguga kolwelo kwaye kubangele ukwakheka kwe-asidi inkungu. Izixhobo zeLonnmeter ziluncedo ngakumbi xa zidityaniswe ngale ndlela, njengoko ukufundwa kwazo okuchanekileyo koxinano lwe-inline kwenza kube lula uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo lokugcina ukuhamba kwenkqubo okuzinzileyo kunye nokuthintela iindlela ezilungileyo zokugcina ukuvalwa kombane ukuba zingachaphazeleki.
Ixabiso lokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuncitshiswa kweendleko
Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo rhoqo, ngexesha langempela kunciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphindeka kweziganeko zokugcinwa kokuvalwa okungacwangciswanga, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi ngqo kunye nokulahleka kwemveliso. Ngokubona iindlela zokusilela ezibangelwa kukubola ngaphambi kokuba zinyuke, izakhiwo zandisa ubomi bemibhobho evuthuzayo kunye neyamapayipi anxulumene nayo—inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yanamhlanje yenkqubo ye-chloralkali ezama ukuthintela ukusilela kokubola kwizixhobo zoshishino.
Ubunzulu bedatha eqokelelweyo evela kwiimilinganiselo ezicwangcisiweyo buxhasa iinkqubo zokulinganisa ezisebenzayo kwindawo, buvumela ukuchongwa kwangethuba kweempawu zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo, kwaye bubonelela ngeendawo zokuqala zokungenelela okucwangcisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kube sengozini. Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwezi ndawo zishushu kunceda ekuqikeleleni ukudinwa kwe-diaphragm kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba ukungenelela kusekelwa kwidatha, kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukudibanisa iimitha zoxinano lwe-inline yeLonnmeter kunye neetransmitter zoxinzelelo kuvelisa ulwazi olusebenzayo olungaphuculi nje kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa ukwenziwa ngcono kokusetyenziswa komphunga ngokuchanekileyo kodwa lunciphisa nokuchithwa kweekhemikhali ngenxa yokutya kakhulu okanye ukuvuza—okunegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokusebenza kunye nokuqinisekisa imbuyekezo ekhawulezileyo kutyalo-mali.
Ulawulo oluphuculweyo kuxinzelelo kunye noxinano lweekhemikhali luthetha ukuthotyelwa ngcono kwemiqathango yokukhupha umbane kwishishini ngelixa lixhasa imigangatho engqongqo yolawulo lwenkuku ye-hydrochloric acid. Izibonelelo zixhomekeke kule datha iqhubekayo ukuze zilungise ukukhutshwa kombane, zithintele impembelelo yokuzalisa ulwelo, kwaye zisombulule imiba yokufuma kwenkuku ye-acid ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwaphulwa komthetho-kubonisa ixabiso elilinganisekayo kokubili imveliso kunye nokunamathela kumthetho.
Ukuthintela umngcipheko okubanzi kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokusebenza
Ukumisela ishedyuli eqinileyo yokugcinwa kokuvalwa kunye nokulinganiswa rhoqo kwindawo kubalulekile ukugcina ukuthembeka kwezixhobo kwiinkqubo ze-hydrochloric acid vaporizer. Amaxesha okugcinwa kufuneka ahambelane neengcebiso zomenzi kunye neemfuno zenkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuchongwa kweempawu zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuthintela iindlela zokungaphumeleli ezibangelwa kukugqwala. Iinkqubo zokulinganisa kwindawo kufuneka zibandakanye ukuqinisekiswa kokuchaneka kokudluliselwa koxinzelelo kunye nokuhlolwa kwemitha yoxinano olungaphakathi kunye ne-viscosity evela kwiLonnmeter ukuze kubonwe utshintsho olubonisa ukushukuma kwesixhobo okanye oluzalisa iziphumo zokuguga kolwelo.
Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwiimpawu zokuqala zempembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzaliswayo kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-diaphragm kuphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo. Abaqhubi kufuneka bajonge utshintsho kwixesha lokuphendula, ukufundwa koxinzelelo olungelulo ulayini, okanye amanqaku oxinzelelo abonakalayo kwi-diaphragms. Ezi mpawu zinokungaphambi kwexesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo kwaye zihlala zinxulunyaniswa neemeko ezinzima zokusebenza ezikhoyo ngexesha lokuveliswa kwegesi ye-hydrogen chloride kunye nemiba yokufuma kwe-acid. Iilog zezixhobo kufuneka zihlalutywe rhoqo ukuze kujongwe izizathu zokuguquguquka kwe-pressure pulse—ezifana nokunyuka kwepompo, izenzo zevalvu, okanye utshintsho lokuhamba ngokukhawuleza—ukuchonga iindlela ezingaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuba zinyuke.
Ukuthintela ukonakala kokugqwala kwizixhobo zoshishino kufuna ukuhlanganiswa kwemiqondiso yoxinzelelo kunye neempawu ezininzi. Uxinano oluphakathi kunye neemitha ze-viscosity ezivela kwiILonnmeterunikezele ngempendulo yexesha langempela echonga utshintsho oluncinci kwiimpawu zolwelo olubangelwa kukugqwala phakathi kweegranular okanye ukuhlaselwa yi-asidi. Idatha evela kwezi mitha, kunye nolwazi lobushushu kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi, ivumela ucwangciso lokugcinwa kwangaphambili kunye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kakuhle komphunga. Abaqhubi kufuneka bagxile ekugcineni iinkqubo zokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ukuze baphephe umonakalo obangelwa luxinzelelo oluvela kwiintshukumo ezikhawulezileyo.
Iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo ziyafuneka ekusombululeni izizathu zokuguquguquka kwentliziyo kunye neengxaki zokufuma kwe-asidi. Izixhobo kufuneka zikhethwe kwaye zifakelwe ukumelana nomphunga odlakadlaka kunye nokumelana nokufakwa kwe-asidi. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwe-batch kunye ne-drain, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokwahlula, kunceda ukususa inkungu ye-hydrochloric acid kwimigca yenkqubo. Izixhobo zokunciphisa i-pulsation kunye nokulungiswa kwemibhobho eguquguqukayo kuzinzisa ngakumbi iiprofayili zoxinzelelo, kunciphisa ukudinwa kwe-diaphragm kunye nokuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukusebenzisa ezi ndlela zibalaseleyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zomphunga ezibandakanyeka kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali. Ukubeka esweni rhoqo, ukungenelela okucwangcisiweyo, kunye namaqhinga okuthintela kunye kunciphisa iingozi kwaye kwandise ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo olukwi-inline ngexesha langempela kuphucula njani ukusebenza kakuhle komphunga kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali?
Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo olungaphakathi ngexesha langempela kuzinzisa iindawo eziphambili zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-hydrochloric acid vaporizers. Xa utshintsho loxinzelelo lufunyanwa ngoko nangoko, ulawulo oluqinileyo lwempendulo lungasetyenziswa ukugcina indawo yokulingana komphunga/ulwelo, ukuthintela iimeko zokufuma ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu. Le mpendulo ichanekileyo inciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo evela kwimiba yokufuma kwe-asidi okanye izizathu zokuguquguquka kwe-pressure pulse, okukhokelela kwimveliso yegesi ye-hydrogen chloride ehambelanayo. Ngokuvumela ukulungiswa kwenkqubo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukuphambuka okukhulu, ii-inline pressure transmitters zinceda ekufezekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-vaporization kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yamakhemikhali.
Idlala yiphi indima ukujonga uxinzelelo ekulawuleni inkungu ye-hydrochloric acid kunye nokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo?
Ukulandelela uxinzelelo rhoqo kunceda kakhulu kwimiba ebalulekileyo yokuzikhusela kwiziganeko ezinobungozi kwinkqubo ye-chloralkali. Ii-inline pressure transmitters ezifana nezo zivela kwiLonnmeter zibonelela ngesaziso esikhawulezileyo sokunyuka koxinzelelo okanye ukuhla okungaqhelekanga okuhlala kungunobangela wokwakheka kwe-hydrochloric acid inkungu. Ezi signali zexesha langempela zidibana ngokuthe ngqo neenkqubo zokukhusela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, zibonelela abaqhubi ngedatha efunekayo yokungenelela ngokukhawuleza. Ukubonakala okuphuculweyo kuthetha ukuba ukhuseleko luqala kwangethuba, luthintela ukukhutshwa ngengozi kwegesi ebolileyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kokuqulatha okwesibini.
Iitransmitter ezikwimigca zinceda njani ekuthinteleni ukungaphumeleli okubangelwa kukugqwala?
Ukufundwa koxinzelelo rhoqo nangokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekuchongeni ii-transients zoxinzelelo ezinxulunyaniswa neendlela zokusilela ezibangelwa kukubola ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zokufuma. Ii-transmitters ze-Lonnmeter ezingaphakathi, ezakhiwe ngezinto ezimelana nokubola, zibonelela ngemilinganiselo ethembekileyo nakwiindawo ezinobundlongondlongo kakhulu. Iprofayili yoxinzelelo oluzinzileyo ibonisa ukuqina kwenkqubo; naluphi na ungazinzi olufunyenweyo lunokubonisa ukubola phakathi kwe-granular okanye impembelelo yokufuma kolwelo oluzalisayo oluchaphazela ukuthembeka kwenkqubo. Ngokulandela ezi ndlela, izityalo zinokusebenzisa iindlela ezilungileyo zokulungisa ukuvalwa ngaphambi kokuba izixhobo zichaphazeleke, zizalisekise imfuneko ephambili yokuthintela ukungaphumeleli kokubola kwizixhobo zoshishino.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili zokudinwa kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-diaphragm, kwaye zingabonwa njani?
Ukufundwa koxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga, iimpendulo zesensor ezicothayo, kunye nokushukuma okuncinci kancinci kwesiseko kudla ngokubonisa iimpawu zokudinwa kwe-diaphragm. Ezi ngxaki zinokuvela kuxinzelelo oluphindaphindwayo loomatshini, iziphumo zokwaluphala kolwelo, okanye iziganeko ezinde zoxinzelelo. Iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ezisemgangathweni eziphucukileyo azijongi nje kuphela ukuphambuka kwangoko ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kodwa zikwabangela izilumkiso ezisekelwe kwiziganeko zeenkqubo zokulinganisa kwindawo. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kuqinisekisa ukuba abaqhubi banokucwangcisa uhlolo olujoliswe kulo, ukutshintshwa kwecandelo, kunye nokuhlolwa kokhuseleko ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ukuguqulwa okukhulu kwe-diaphragm kuchaphazele ukhuseleko olusezantsi okanye isivuno senkqubo.
Zeziphi ezinye izixhobo ezikwimigca ethe tye ezixabisekileyo kwinkqubo iyonke, kwaye ngoba?
Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo ye-chloralkali lufuna okungaphezulu nje kwedatha yoxinzelelo.Iimitha zoxinzelelo ezikwimigca, iimitha zoxinano ezivela eLonnmeter, iimitha ze-viscosity, ii-transmitters zenqanaba, kunye nee-transmitters zobushushu zonke zinegalelo ekukhuselekeni nasekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo. Ezi zixhobo zijonga ngokudibeneyo izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nefuthe lokufuma kolwelo, uxinano lomxube, kunye nokuhamba kobushushu. Kuphela ngokudibanisa ezi zifundo kunye nokulinganisa uxinzelelo apho abaqhubi banokubona kwaye banciphise imiba yokufuma kwe-asidi, baqinisekise ukuthintela ukugqwala okufanelekileyo phakathi kweegranular, kwaye banciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi elingalindelekanga kulo lonke umjikelo wokufuma.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-15-2026
