Ukuqapha Ukuhlushwa Kwesitashi Ku-Wet Granulation
Isitashi siyisithako esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamaphilisi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Izinselele enqubweni yokwakheka kwe-granulation emanzi zigxile ekulawuleni okunembile kokuhlushwa kwawo kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yeziphambeko zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezansi, njengokuqhekeka kwamaphilisi, ukuhlukahluka kwesisindo, kanye nokuncibilika okungaguquki.
Ubuchwepheshe Bokuhlaziya Izinqubo (i-PAT), ikakhulukazi amamitha okuhlushwa e-ultrasonic, okuqapha okuqondile ngesikhathi sangempela kulawula ukuhlushwa kwe-starch binder, okwenza ushintsho kusuka ku-paradigm yendabuko, esabelayo, esekelwe ekuhlolweni luye ku-proactive, esekelwe ekulawuleni.
Izinselele Zokuqapha I-Urea Ku-inthanethi
Izindima Eziyisisekelo Zesitashi Emafomu Omthamo Oqinile
Isitashi njengesithako esisebenzayo esiningi
Isitashi siyi-biopolymer yemvelo, engenabo ubuthi, futhi engabizi, esinye sezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zomthamo oqinile njengamaphilisi. Ukuguquguquka kwaso kuyinzuzo ebalulekile, okusivumela ukuthi sisebenze imisebenzi eminingi ngaphakathi kokwakheka okufanayo, ngokuvamile sisebenza njenge-binder kanye ne-disintegrant ku-granulation emanzi.
Izakhiwo zokusebenza zesitashivaryemthonjeni wayo wezitshalo, njengommbila, amazambane, noma amabele, okubonisa isilinganiso sawo se-amylose-to-amylopectin kanye nesimo se-granular morphology. Lokhu kungafani okungokwemvelo kusho ukuthi izitashi ezivela emithonjeni ehlukene azikwazi ukushintshaniswa. Isibonelo, isitashi samazambane ngokuvamile sinobukhulu obuphezulu, kuyilapho isitashi sommbila sinezici zaso zokunamathisela ezithile. Ukuqonda lezi zakhiwo ezithile zomthombo kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokwakheka.
Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa ubudlelwano phakathi kwemithombo ehlukene yesitashi kanye nezindima zayo zokusebenza:
| Umthombo wesitashi | Isilinganiso Esijwayelekile se-Amylose/Amylopectin | Izakhiwo Ezibalulekile Zokusebenza | Izici ze-Physico-chemical |
| Ukolweni | Cishe ngo-27:73 | Isibopho, ukuhlukana, ukugcwalisa | Izinga lokushisa le-gelatinization, i-viscosity ephakathi |
| Izambane | Cishe ngo-22:25 | I-Disintegrant, i-filler | Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-gelatinization, i-viscosity ephezulu |
| I-Sorghum | Cishe 19.2:80.8 | Isibambi, ukuhlukana | Ukuqhekeka okusheshayo, amazinga aphezulu okuqhekeka |
Unemibuzo mayelana nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokukhiqiza？
Incazelo Yokusebenza Kwesitashi
Isitashi njenge-Binder: Ukubaluleka kwe-Gelatinization
Isitashi sisebenza njengesihlanganisi esisebenzayo ekubunjweni okumanzi ngenxa ye-gelatinization, inqubo lapho ukushisa namanzi kuphazamisa khona isakhiwo saso esicwebezelayo. Isitashi sendabuko, esingancibiliki emanzini abandayo, sidinga lesi sinyathelo sokupheka ukuze simanzise ama-polymer aso e-amylose ne-amylopectin, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubopha.
Isakhiwo sika-Amylopectin esinamagatsha amaningi, esifana nesihlahla sinikeza izindawo eziningi zokunamathela, okuvumela ukuthi ibambe izinhlayiya ndawonye ngempumelelo. Okwamanje, i-amylose, ngesakhiwo sayo esiqondile, yandisa i-viscosity futhi yakha inethiwekhi yejeli njengoba iphola, okuqinisa ukuzinza kwama-granule.
Ukuze kwenziwe lula izinqubo zezimboni futhi kuqedwe isidingo sokupheka, kwasungulwa izitashi ezifakwe i-gelatin. Lezi zitashi, ezifakwe i-gelatin kancane noma ngokugcwele, zincibilika emanzini abandayo futhi zingafakwa njengempuphu eyomile ekwakhiweni. Ngesikhathi sokuxuba, amanzi ayazenza zisebenze endaweni yazo, okwenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukusebenza okuqinile kokubopha.
Isitashi njenge-Disintegrant: Ukuvuvukala Nokugqwala
Isitashi siyinto evamile ehlukanisiwe, kanti indlela yaso eyinhloko yokusebenza iwukuvuvukala. Lapho ithebhulethi ihlangana nendawo enamanzi, amanzi angena ku-matrix yethebhulethi enezimbobo ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-capillary (wicking). Ama-granules esitashi amunca amanzi futhi avuvuke aze afike kuvolumu yawo yokuqala ephindwe kaningana. Ingcindezi yangaphakathi ekhiqizwa yilokhu kuvuvukala yanele ukunqoba amandla okubopha ethebhulethi futhi ibangele ukuthi iqhekeke ibe yizicucu ezincane.
Ukusebenza kahle kwesitashi njengesiqhekekile kuthonywa yizici ezifana nokuhlushwa kwaso, usayizi wezinhlayiya, kanye namandla okucindezela asetshenziswayo. Okutholakele okubalulekile ukuthi yize ukuvuvukala kuyindlela eyinhloko, ezinye izinto, njengokuxoshwa kwezinhlayiya phakathi kwezinhlayiya kanye nokuphazamiseka okulula kwezibopho ze-hydrogen, nazo zinegalelo ekuqhekekeni.
Izinselele ku-Wet Granulation of Tabvumela
Ukugxila kwesitashi kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama
Ukuguquguquka kokuhlushwa kwe-starch paste noma okuqukethwe komswakama kwe-powder blend "kuyizinto ezibuhlungu" ezinkulu ekubunjweni okumanzi. Ukusebenza kwe-starch njenge-binder kuncike kakhulu ekulungiselelweni kwayo. Isibonelo, uma i-starch paste "ingaphekiwe kahle," ngeke isebenze njenge-polymer ebophayo ephumelelayo ngoba isakhiwo sayo se-crystalline sihlala siphelele.
Indima yomswakama iyinkimbinkimbi. Emazingeni aphansi, amanzi angasebenza njengesithambisi, athuthukise ukugeleza. Kodwa-ke, lapho okuqukethwe komswakama kudlula iphuzu elibalulekile, kwandisa kakhulu ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinhlayiya ngokwakha amabhuloho aqinile oketshezi, okunciphisa ukugeleza. Lokhu kungaholela ekugcwalisweni okungonelanga nokungaguquguquki kwedayi ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa kwethebhulethi, okubangela ukushintshashintsha kwesisindo sethebhulethi.
Lobu budlelwano budala umphumela we-domino. Ukugeleza okubi ngenxa yokuguquguquka komswakama akugcini nje ngokuphazamisa ukufana kwesisindo kodwa futhi kuthinta ukuhambisana kwamandla okucindezela, okuholela ekusatshalalisweni okubanzi kobulukhuni bethebhulethi kanye nobuningi bayo, futhi ekugcineni kuthinte ukusebenza kokuncibilika. Lokhu kugqamisa ukuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezimfanelo zekhwalithi ezibonakala zingahlobene.
Amaphuzu Obuhlungu Benqubo
Ukuhlushwa okungalungile kwe-binder noma ukusebenza okunganele kwe-starch polymer kungaholela kuma-granules abuthakathaka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, amaphilisi "athambile" avame ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-binder noma ama-granulation amaningi kungadala ama-granules aqinile futhi aqinile, okungaholela ezifweni ezifana nokuqhekeka kanye ne-lamination ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa kwethebhulethi ngenxa yokubanjwa komoya kanye nokuguquguquka okunganele kwepulasitiki.
Inqubo yokwakheka kwe-granulation emanzi ibucayi kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-wet kanye nesivinini se-impeller, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-granulation kanye nokwanda kobuningi be-granule. Lena inselele ebalulekile.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu ukuhlangana okuphambene okungaqondile phakathi kwamandla e-granule kanye namandla okudonsa ethebhulethi. Umbono ovamile ukuthi ama-granule aqinile, aqinile—akhiqizwa, isibonelo, yi-granulation eshear ephezulu—kufanele akhiqize amaphilisi aqinile. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi busikisela ukuthi ama-granule akhiqizwa yi-granulation eshear ephezulu, ngenkathi eqine kakhulu futhi enamandla kakhulu, aphumela kumaphilisi anamandla okudonsa aphansi kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona into ephikisanayo. Kusikisela ukuthi yize ukubopha kwangaphakathi kwe-granule kungaba namandla, izibopho eziphakathi kwe-granule ezakhiwe ngesikhathi sokucindezela kwethebhulethi zibuthakathaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-granule aqinile awapulasitiki kangako futhi awaguquguquki kakhulu ngaphansi kokucindezela. Lokhu kuguquguquka okuncishisiwe kunciphisa indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwama-granule futhi kukhawulela ukwakheka kwamabhuloho aqinile, okuholela kuthebhulethi yokugcina ebuthakathaka ngokwemishini naphezu kwamandla ama-granule ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula indawo yokugcina ye-granulation akukhona ukukhulisa amandla noma ubuningi be-granule, kodwa mayelana nokufinyelela ibhalansi efanele eqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle kanye nokucindezela okwanele ukukhiqiza ithebhulethi yokugcina eqinile.
Umthelela Wokugcwala Kwesitashi Ezicini Zokugcina Zekhwalithi Yomkhiqizo
Ukuqina Nokuthamba
Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-binder ngokuvamile kuholela kumathebulethi anobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokungaguquguquki okuphansi. Isitashi sinikeza izakhiwo zokubopha ezimaphakathi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-polymer okwenziwa njenge-PVP, ngokuvamile akhiqiza amathebulethi athambile kodwa anezimpawu zokubola ezingcono. Ucwaningo olulodwa olwenziwe ngesitashi sommbila esifakwe i-gelatinized luthole ukuthi ukuhlushwa kwe-binder okungu-3% kuya ku-9% kwakuyibanga elihle kakhulu lokufeza izakhiwo zomzimba ezamukelekayo.
Ukuhlakazeka Nokuqedwa
Kukhona ubudlelwano obucacile obuphambene phakathi kokuhlushwa kwe-starch binder kanye nezinga lokuncibilika komuthi. Njengoba ukuhlushwa kwe-binder kwanda, amaphilisi aba nzima futhi isikhathi sokuqhekeka kwawo sanda, okubambezela ukukhishwa kwesithako semithi esisebenzayo (i-API).
Lo mphumela wokubambezela wesitashi ekuncibilikeni ungachazwa ngendlela yobuchwepheshe ngokwakhiwa "kwesendlalelo esiphunduliwe". Lapho ithebhulethi equkethe isitashi ivezwa endaweni yokuncibilikisa, isitashi esisebusweni bethebhulethi siyavuvukala bese sakha ungqimba oluqinile, olufana nejeli. Lolu ngqimba lwejeli alunayo i-API. Ngenxa yalokho, i-API yokuncibilikisa evela enkabeni yethebhulethi kumele isakazeke ngale matrix yesitashi esiqinile, esivuvukele ukuze ifinyelele endaweni yokuncibilikisa ngobuningi. Le nqubo yokuncibilikisa iyisinyathelo esihamba kancane, esinciphisa izinga.
Ubukhulu kanye nokuqina kwalesi sendlalelo esikhishwe amanzi kuhambisana ngqo nokuhlushwa kwesitashi kanye nezinga laso le-gelatinization. Ngakho-ke, izakhiwo zesitashi ezingaguquki noma ukuhlushwa kuholela ngqo kumaphrofayili okuncibilika okuguquguqukayo, okuyisici sekhwalithi esibalulekile (i-CQA) esithinta ukutholakala kwemithi.
Ukuqina kwe-granule kanye ne-tablet
Izilinganiso ezibalulekile zokuhlola ikhwalithi yama-granule zifaka phakathi ubuningi be-bulk, ubuningi be-tapped, kanye ne-Compressibility Index (CI). Izifundo zibonise ukuthi izikhathi ezinde zokuxuba ezimanzi noma isivinini esiphezulu se-impeller sandisa ubuningi be-bulk be-granules ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa okucacile.
Lokhu kuqina, ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukugeleza, kuphumela ku-Compressibility Index ephansi, okusho ukuthi ama-granule kunzima kakhulu ukuwacindezela. Ngenxa yalokho, ithebhulethi yokugcina ingaba buthakathaka kunokulindelekile noma idinga amandla aphezulu okucindezela, okungaholela ekugugeni kwemishini noma ezinkingeni ezifana nokuqhekeka kwethebhulethi. Lokhu kudala i-feedback loop eyinkimbinkimbi lapho inqubo encane ishintsha khona, njengokwanda okuncane kokuhlushwa kwesitashi, kungaba nomthelela obalulekile futhi ongalindelekile kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.
| Ukuhlushwa kwe-Starch Binder (% w/w) | Ukuqina Kwethebhulethi (N) | Ukuthamba Kwethebhulethi (%) | Isikhathi (izikhathi) sokuhlakazeka |
| 0% | Akukho Binder | Akukho | Akukho |
| 3% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Akuxhomekile emandleni okucindezela |
| 6% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Akuxhomekile emandleni okucindezela |
| 9% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Akuxhomekile emandleni okucindezela |
| 15% | 20 – 30 | <1% | Kukhula ngamandla okucindezela |
Qaphela: Amanani obulukhuni ahluka ngokusekelwe kudatha yamandla athile okucindezela.
Okubalulekile Kokuqapha Kwangempela Okunembile
Imikhawulo Yokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yendabuko
Izindlela zokulawula ikhwalithi zendabuko, njengokuhlaziywa kwe-inthanethi noma kwe-inthanethi kwama-granule noma amaphilisi omisiwe, ziyasebenza ngokwemvelo. Zithembele ekuhlolweni nasekuthathweni kwesampula okuthatha isikhathi, zinganikezi mpendulo yesikhathi sangempela ngenqubo eqhubekayo. Lokhu kubambezeleka kwesikhathi kwenza kube nzima ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamaqoqo angahambisani, okuholela ekuchithweni okukhulu kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokulahlekelwa yizimali.
Isixazululo Sokuqapha Ukuhlushwa Kwesitashi
Amamitha okuhlushwa kwe-Ultrasonicnquma ukujiya noma ubuningi boketshezi ngokulinganisa isivinini lapho igagasi lomsindo lidlula khona kulo. Isivinini somsindo siwumsebenzi oqondile wezakhiwo zomzimba zoketshezi, okuhlanganisa ukujiya kwalo kanye nokushisa kwalo.
Lobu buchwepheshe bufaneleka kahle ezinqubweni zemithi ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo:
- Ayihlaseli:Inzwa ayinazo izingxenye ezihambayo futhi ingafakwa epayipini noma esitsheni, inikeze izilinganiso zesikhathi sangempela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukugeleza kwenqubo.
- Ongakhethi buso:Ukulinganisa akuthinteki umbala, ukucaca, noma izinga lokugeleza koketshezi, okuyimingcele evamile yezindlela zokukhanya.
- Okuqondile Nokusebenza Kwemishini:Ilinganisa ngqo ukuhlushwa kwe-starch paste, ipharamitha yenqubo ebalulekile ehlotshaniswa nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Isikhundla Sokufakwa Kwemitha Yokuhlushwa Ye-Ultrasonic Eku-inthanethi
Ukufakwa kugxile ekulungiseleleni i-binder kanye nesigaba sokwengeza, esenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuxubana kwempuphu eyomile kodwa ngaphambi kokuyixuba ngamanzi. Lokhu kubekwa kuvumela ukulungiswa okusheshayo kokuhlushwa kwe-starch paste kanye ne-viscosity, kubhekane nokwehluka kwembangela ye-liquid binder uqobo.It's ri-ecoumamanded kuya ku- ukufakwai-tallon following positiama-ons:
Bumkhumbi wokulungiselela ngaphakathi: Imitha ye-ultrasonic ifakwe emgqeni epayipini lokukhipha noma iluphu yokujikeleza kabusha kwesitsha sokulungiselela i-binder. Lokhu kubekwa kubamba i-starch paste'ukuhlushwa ngesikhathi sokuxuba noma ukuhlanganisa, ukuthola ukungahambisani okubangelwa ukuhlukahluka kwesitashi se-batch-to-batch noma amaphutha okulungiselela.
Okuphakelwa Koketshezi Ku-Granulator: Imitha ye-ultrasonic ifakwe emgqeni emgqeni wokuphakelayo we-binder (ngokuvamile ipayipi eliguquguqukayo noma ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali) phezulu nje kwe-granulator'imbobo yokwengeza uketshezi noma i-spray nozzle assembly. Lokhu kubekwe ngemuva kwephampu yokuphakela kodwa ngaphambi kwe-spray lance noma ingalo yokusabalalisa ngaphakathi kwesitsha se-granulator.
