IInkomba ye-Viscosity (VI)iyinombolo ekhombisa ukuthi i-viscosity yoketshezi ishintsha kangakanani ngokushisa. Kuyisilinganiso esingenakulinganiswa, esilinganiselwe—okusho ukuthi ayinawo amayunithi futhi isetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa uketshezi.i-VI ephezulukusho ukuthi i-viscosity yoketshezi ihlala izinzile kakhulu ebangeni elibanzi lokushisa, kuyilapho i-i-VI ephansikusho ukuthi i-viscosity ishintsha kakhulu, okwenza uketshezi lungathembeki kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.
Kungani i-VI Ibalulekile?
Ezisetshenzisweni zangempela, uketshezi olufana namafutha emoto nomauketshezi lwe-hydraulickudingeka isebenze ngokwethembeka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokushisa. Uma i-viscosity ishintsha kakhulu:
- Uma kubanda: Uketshezi olujiyile lungenza kube nzima ukuqala injini noma umshini, okwandisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye ngoba uketshezi aluhambi kahle ukuze luzigcobe.
- Uma kushisa: Uketshezi oluncane lungase lunganikezi isivikelo esanele, okuholela ekuthintweni kwensimbi, ukuguguleka, noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwemishini.
Isibonelo, enjinini yemoto:
- Ngesikhathi sasekuseni sasebusika esibandayo, uwoyela one-VI ephansi ungase ube mkhulu kangangokuthi injini ingakwazi ukuphenduka, okubangela ukucindezeleka nokuguguleka.
- Ekushiseni kwehlobo, lowo oyela ofanayo one-VI ephansi ungase ube mncane kakhulu, wehluleke ukuvikela izingxenye zenjini ekungqubuzaneni nasekushiseni, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nesikhathi sokuphila.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uwoyela we-high-VI ugeleza kahle emakhazeni ukuqinisekisa ukuqala kahle futhi uhlala ujiyile ngokwanele ekushiseni ukuvikela izingxenye zenjini, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza nokuqina.
Izici Ezithonya Inkomba Yokugoba
I-VI yoketshezi incike ezintweni ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Uhlobo Lwamafutha Ayisisekelo:
- Amafutha Amaminerali(kusuka ku-oyela ongahluziwe): Lokhu ngokuvamile kune-VI ephansi (isb., 80–120), okusho ukuthi i-viscosity yazo iyashintsha kakhulu ngokushisa.
- Amafutha Okwenziwa(njenge-polyalphaolefins noma ama-ester): Lawa avame ukuba ne-VI ephezulu (isb., 120–200), enikeza ukuzinza okungcono kuwo wonke amazinga okushisa.
- Amafutha Emifino noma Asekelwe Ku-Bio: I-VI iyahlukahluka kodwa ivame ukuba maphakathi, kuye ngokuthi umthombo uvelaphi.
- Izithasiselo: Amakhemikhali akhethekile abizwa ngokuthiinkomba ye-viscosity iyathuthukisa(VIIs) zengezwa emafutheni ukuze kuqiniswe i-VI yazo. Lezi zithasiselo zingama-polymer akhula lapho eshiswa, esiza uwoyela ukuthi umelane nokuncipha, futhi unciphe lapho upholisiwe, okuwuvimbela ukuthi ungabi mkhulu kakhulu.
Kungani i-VI ibalulekile ekukhetheni uketshezi
Ukukhetha uketshezi olune-VI efanele kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni lapho amazinga okushisa eshintshashintsha khona, njengokuthi:
- Izinjini zezimoto: Amafutha e-High-VI (isb., i-5W-30 yokwenziwa) aqinisekisa ukuqala okubandayo okubushelelezi kanye nokuvikelwa okuthembekile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusebenza.
- Izinhlelo ze-hydraulic: Emishini yokwakha, uketshezi olune-VI ephezulu lugcina ukulethwa kwamandla okuhambisanayo ezindaweni ezibandayo noma ezishisayo.
- Imishini yezimboni: Izithambisi ze-High-VI zinciphisa ukuguga nokulahlekelwa amandla kuma-gearbox noma ama-compressor asebenza kuzo zonke izigaba zokushisa ezibanzi.
Isibonelo, esimweni sezulu esibandayo, umshini wokugaya amanzi osebenzisa uketshezi olune-VI ephansi ungase uphendule kancane ekuseni, ubambezele umsebenzi futhi ucindezele izingxenye. Uketshezi olune-VI ephezulu lugcina uhlelo lusabela futhi lusebenza kahle.
Ukubuka Inkomba Yokugoba
Cabanga ngegrafu eqhathanisa indlela i-viscosity eshintsha ngayo ngokushisa kwamafutha amabili:
- I-X-axis: Izinga lokushisa (isb., kusukela ku--20°C kuya ku-100°C).
- I-Y-axis: Ukuqina (ukuthi uketshezi lujiyile noma luncane kangakanani).
- Uwoyela we-Low-VI: Umugqa wehlela phezulu kakhulu, ubonisa ushintsho olukhulu ekuqineni—ubukhulu kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi unciphile kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
- Uwoyela we-High-VI: Umugqa uyisicaba, okubonisa ukuthi i-viscosity ihlala ihambisana kakhulu nobubanzi obufanayo bokushisa.
Lo mehluko yingakho amafutha ane-VI ephezulu ekhethwa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okudingakalayo—anikeza ukusebenza okubikezelwayo nokuthembekile.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
- Inkomba ye-Viscosity (VI)ilinganisa ukuthi i-viscosity yoketshezi izinzile kangakanani njengoba izinga lokushisa lishintsha.
- I-VI Ephakeme= ukujiya okuzinzile, okungcono kakhulu emazingeni okushisa abanzi (isb., amafutha okwenziwa).
- I-VI ephansi= i-viscosity ishintsha kakhulu, okungabangela izinkinga ezimweni ezibandayo noma ezishisayo.
- Umthelela wezwe langempela: Uketshezi olune-High-VI luthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nokuvikelwa ezinjinini, ezinhlelweni ze-hydraulic, kanye nasemishinini ngokunciphisa ukuguguleka nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle.
- IziciUhlobo lwamafutha ayisisekelo (amaminerali vs. okwenziwa) kanye nezithasiselo ezifana nezithuthukisi ze-viscosity index zinquma i-VI.
Ngokukhetha uketshezi olune-VI efanele, onjiniyela kanye nochwepheshe bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imishini isebenza kahle futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, kungakhathaliseki isimo sezulu noma izimo zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 18-2025
