Izimboni ze-biotechnology zomhlaba wonke kanye ne-bioprocessing zishintsha kakhulu kusukela ekusebenzeni okusekelwe ku-batch kuya ekukhiqizeni okuqhubekayo, okuzenzakalelayo. Ukulinganisa kwesikhathi sangempela kuqapha amapharamitha enqubo ebalulekile ngesikhathi sangempela futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa ekwenzeni ngcono inqubo ngesikhathi. Ukulinganisa okuvamile kwe-viscosity ekulawulweni kwenqubo kuncike ekuthathweni kwesampula okwenziwa ngesandla njalo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, okuletha ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu kanye nezingozi futhi kubangele ukulungiswa kwenqubo okubambezelekile, ukusebenza ngokweqile komkhiqizo, kanye nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo ongekho ku-spec.
I-Rheology Yokuwohloka Kwe-Enzymatic Substrate
Ubudlelwano be-Enzyme ne-Substrate
I-enzyme hydrolysis inqubo yokulungisa lapho i-enzyme ikhuthaza ukuqhekeka kwe-molecule eyinkimbinkimbi ibe yizingxenye ezincane. Esimweni esithile lapho i-cellulase isebenza ku-polysaccharide enesisindo sama-molecule amaningi njenge-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), umsebenzi oyinhloko we-enzyme uku-hydrolyze izibopho ze-glycosidic ngaphakathi kwamaketanga amade e-polymer. Lesi senzo siphula i-CMC ngokuhlelekile, sinciphise ubude bayo beketanga kanye nesisindo sama-molecule esimaphakathi. Imikhiqizo yalokhu kusabela, ikakhulukazi ushukela onciphisa iketanga elincane, iqoqana esixazululweni njengoba inqubo iqhubeka. Izinga lalokhu konakala lihlobene ngqo nomsebenzi we-enzyme ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokusebenza zokushisa kanye ne-pH.
Uxhumano Lwemfundiso KaKramers
Ubudlelwano phakathi komsebenzi we-enzyme kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba ze-reaction medium buyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe. Ithiyori kaKramers, isimiso esiyisisekelo ku-chemical kinetics, ithi izinqubo ezihilela izinguquko ze-conformation kuma-protein, njenge-enzyme catalysis, zithonywa yi-viscosity ye-solvent ezungezile. Njengoba i-solvent viscosity ikhula, amandla okungqubuzana asebenza ezindaweni zesakhiwo se-enzyme nawo ayakhula. Lokhu kungqubuzana okuphezulu kuvimbela izinguquko ze-conformation ezidingekayo, kunciphisa ngempumelelo umjikelezo we-catalytic futhi kunciphise izinga lokuphendula eliphakeme, noma i-Vmax.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla kwe-viscosity yesisombululo esikhulu kunciphisa la mandla okungqubuzana, okuthi, ngokusho kwemfundiso kaKramers, kube lula ukusebenza kwe-catalytic ye-enzyme. Emongweni wokuwohloka kwe-substrate ye-HMW, umsebenzi we-enzyme ubangela ngqo ukwehla kwe-viscosity yesisombululo, okudala i-feedback loop lapho ushintsho kuzakhiwo ze-rheological ze-medium lusebenza njengesibonakaliso esiqondile sempumelelo ye-enzyme.
Ukujula Ngokujulile E-Non-Newtonian Rheology
Ukuhlukanisa Ama-Fluid e-Newtonian kanye nalawo angewona ama-Newtonian
Ukuziphatha kwe-rheological koketshezi kuchazwa yi-viscosity yalo nokuthi leyo mpahla isabela kanjani ekucindezelweni kwe-shear okusetshenzisiwe. Kuketshezi lwe-Newtonian, ubudlelwano phakathi kokucindezeleka kwe-shear (τ) kanye ne-shear rate (γ˙) buqondile futhi buhambisana ngqo, kanti i-constant of proportionality iyi-viscosity (μ). Lokhu kungabonakaliswa ngumthetho kaNewton we-viscosity:
τ=μγ˙
Ngokuphambene nalokho, uketshezi olungeyona i-Newtonian lubonisa ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu lapho i-viscosity ingaguquguquki khona kodwa iyahlukahluka ngesivinini sokucheba. Lokhu kuziphatha kuyisici sezinhlobo eziningi zoketshezi oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezimboni, kufaka phakathi izixazululo ze-polymer njenge-CMC.
Ukuziphatha Okungeyona I-Newtonian Kwezixazululo ze-HMW Polymer
Ukuwohloka kwama-polymer e-HMW ngokwemvelo kuyinqubo engeyona eye-Newtonian. Izixazululo ze-polymer ezifana ne-CMC zivame ukubonisa ukuziphatha kokunciphisa ukucheba, lapho i-viscosity ebonakalayo incipha njengoba izinga lokunciphisa ukucheba likhuphuka. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuhlukana nokuqondaniswa kwama-coil amade e-polymer ohlangothini lokugeleza, okunciphisa ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi koketshezi. Ezingeni eliphezulu (isb., ngaphezu kwe-1%), ezinye izixazululo ze-CMC zingabonisa ngisho nokuziphatha kokuqala kokuqina kokucheba, lapho i-viscosity ikhuphuka khona ngesilinganiso sokucheba ngenxa yokwakheka okubangelwa ukugeleza kwezinhlangano zama-macromolecular, kulandelwe ukuncipha kokucheba ngamanani aphezulu okucheba.
Isenzo se-enzymatic se-cellulase ku-CMC sishintsha ngokuyisisekelo le phrofayili ye-rheological. Njengoba i-enzyme ihlukanisa amaketanga amade e-polymer, isisindo sama-molecule esimaphakathi se-substrate siyancipha. Lokhu kuncipha kobude beketanga kunciphisa ngqo izinga lokuxinana kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwama-molecule. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhambi liba lincane kakhulu, futhi izici zalo ezingezona eze-Newtonian, ikakhulukazi ukuncipha kwe-shear, ziyancishiswa. Ushintsho olujulile ku-bulk rheology yoketshezi—ikakhulukazi, ukwehla okukhulu kwe-viscosity ngesilinganiso esithile se-shear—kusebenza njengesignali ecacile yokuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwe-enzymatic.
Ubudlelwano Bokugoba Kobuningi Nomsebenzi
Ubudlelwano phakathi kokwehla kwe-viscosity enkulu yesisombululo kanye nokwehla kwesisindo sama-molecule esimaphakathi sama-molecule e-substrate kubhaliwe kahle. Njengoba i-cellulase ihlukanisa amaketanga e-polymer, izingcezu ezivelayo zinegalelo eliphansi kakhulu ku-viscosity iyonke yesisombululo. Lobu budlelwano buvumela i-viscosity ukuthi isebenze njengommeleli onamandla, wesikhathi sangempela wentuthuko yokusabela kwe-enzyme, okunye okusheshayo kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kwelebhu yendabuko okungaletha ukubambezeleka okukhulu.
Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo okuvela ku-viscometer eku-inthanethi kusebenza njenge-probe ebucayi kakhulu yalolu shintsho lwesakhiwo. Ukwehla kwe-viscosity ngesilinganiso esithile sokucheba kunikeza isibonakaliso esiqondile nesilinganiswayo sezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-substrate kanye, ngokwengeziwe, nomsebenzi we-enzyme. Lesi yisizathu sesayensi sokusebenzisa i-viscometer ye-Lonnmeter-ND njengesilinganiso esiqhubekayo, esingaqondile senqubekela phambili yokusabela kwe-enzyme.
II-Lonnmeter-ND Vibrating Viscometer
Isimiso Sokusebenza: Indlela Yokudlidliza
I-viscometer eku-inthanethi ye-Lonnmeter-ND isebenza ngesimiso sendlela yokudlidliza, inqubo eqinile nethembekile yokusetshenziswa kwezimboni. Isici sokuzwa sensimbi siyintonga eqinile eshukunyiswa ukujikisa nokujikeleza ngendlela yayo ye-axial ngemvamisa ethile. Uma icwiliswe oketshezini, lokhu kudlidliza kumelana ne-viscosity yoketshezi, okuyisilinganiso sokungqubuzana kwayo kwangaphakathi. Ukumelana kuholela emphumeleni wokudambisa noma ukulahlekelwa amandla avela kusici sokudlidliza. Isekethe ye-elekthronikhi ibona lokhu kulahlekelwa kwamandla, futhi i-microprocessor iguqula isignali ibe ukufundwa kwe-viscosity. Ukulinganiswa okuyinhloko kusekelwe ekuboleni kwe-electromagnetic oscillating waveform, lapho isignali ilingana nomkhiqizo we-instrument coefficient kanye ne-vibration damping coefficient (λδ).
Le ndlela ihlukile kwezinye izindlela ze-viscometry, njengezindlela ze-capillary, rotational, noma ze-falling-ball. Ngokungafani nalezi zindlela, indlela yokudlidliza inikeza isikhathi sokuphendula esisheshayo futhi ayivikelekile kakhulu endaweni yokufaka. Iphinde yenza uhlelo lube lula ngokuqeda isidingo sezingxenye ezinyakazayo, izivalo, noma amabheringi.
Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe kanye Namakhono
I-viscometer ye-Lonnmeter-ND yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokulawula inqubo yezimboni. Inikeza ububanzi bokulinganisa i-viscosity obungu-1 kuya ku-1,000,000 cP futhi ingashintshwa ukuze isetshenziswe ezindaweni ezijiyile nezinobuthi ngokushintsha ukuma kwenzwa. Ukunemba kwesisekelo sensimbi kuchazwe ku-±2-5% kanye nokuphindaphindwa okungu-±1-2% koketshezi lwe-Newtonian, yize isengabonisa njalo izinguquko ze-viscosity yenqubo koketshezi olungeyona i-Newtonian.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, i-viscometer ngokuvamile yakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-316, enezinketho zezinto ezikhethekile ezifana ne-Teflon noma i-Hastelloy yezimo ezithile zemvelo. Ukuze kuhlanganiswe kuma-bioreactors, inkampani ithuthukise inguqulo ene-probe yokufaka ende, esukela ku-500mm kuya ku-2000mm ubude, okuvumela ukufakwa ngqo kusuka phezulu kuya phansi emithanjeni yokusabela.
Izinzuzo Zokuklama Zezindawo Eziyinselele
Idizayini ye-Lonnmeter-ND ilungiselelwe kakhulu ukucubungula izinto eziphilayo ngezinga lezimboni. Isikhathi sayo sokuphendula ngokushesha kanye nekhono lokusebenza ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezela kubalulekile ekulawuleni ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukungabikho kwezingxenye ezihambayo akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukulungiswa kodwa futhi kwenza kube lula ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane (ukuhambisana ne-CIP/SIP), okubalulekile ekugcineni izimo ze-aseptic ezindaweni ze-bioreactor. Ukwakheka kwesici esisodwa esiveziwe senzwa kanye nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo kwenza ihlanzwe ngokwayo ngokwemvelo, kuvimbele ukunqwabelana komkhiqizo ebusweni benzwa, obekungaholela ekufundweni okungalungile.
Ukuzwela okuphansi kwendlela yokudlidliza ezimweni zokufakwa kusho ukuthi i-Lonnmeter-ND ingafakwa ngqo ku-inthanethi, inikeze impendulo eqhubekayo emele kakhulu izimo zenqubo yangempela kunesampula yelebhu eyodwa, engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Isikhathi sokuphendula okusheshayo sivumela impendulo esheshayo, ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukucubungula ngokweqile nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ehambisanayo. Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa imininingwane ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe kanye nemiphumela yayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni.
| Ukucaciswa Kobuchwepheshe | Inani elivela kudokhumenti | Ukufaneleka Kwezimboni kanye Nenzuzo |
| Indlela Yokulinganisa | Indlela yokudlidliza | Inikeza impendulo esheshayo, ayidingi ukulungiswa okuningi, futhi imelana nokuvaleka. |
| Ububanzi be-Viscosity | 1 - 1,000,000 cP (ongakukhetha) | Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi koketshezi oluhlukahlukene, kusukela koketshezi olunamanzi kuya kolukhulu. |
| Ukunemba Okungavuthiwe | ±2% - ±5% | Kubonisa isidingo sokulinganiswa kwezinga lesistimu nokulungiswa kwedatha ukuze kufezwe ukunemba okuphezulu. |
| Ukuphindaphinda | ±1% - ±2% | Ibonisa ukuhambisana kwenzwa, okuyimfuneko ebalulekile yokumodela okuqhutshwa idatha. |
| Umklamo | Intonga eqinile, azikho izingxenye ezihambayo, izivalo, noma amabheringi | Kunciphisa ukuguguleka kwemishini futhi kwenza kube lula ukuhlanza, kulungele ukusetshenziswa kokucindezela okuphezulu/ukushisa okuphezulu. |
| Izinto | Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 (ejwayelekile) | Iqinisekisa ukuqina nokumelana nezinto ezilimazayo ezindaweni zamakhemikhali kanye nezokucutshungulwa kwezinto eziphilayo. |
| Ukwenza ngokwezifiso | Ama-probe anwetshiwe (500-2000mm) | Ivumela ukufakwa kwe-top-down kuma-reactor anezikhala ezilinganiselwe eceleni, isici esibalulekile kumasethingi amaningi ezimboni. |
| Umphumela | 4-20mA, RS485 | Izixhumi ezijwayelekile zezimboni zokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nezinhlelo zokulawula ze-PLC/DCS. |
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwedatha Nokufunda Komshini Kokubikezela Kwesikhathi Sangempela
Idatha yelebhu ye-DNSA ephindaphindayo kodwa enembile kakhulu ihlanganiswe nokugeleza okuqhubekayo kwedatha evela ku-viscometer ye-Lonnmeter-ND kanye nezinye izinzwa zenqubo ukudala imodeli yokubikezela, eqhutshwa idatha. Le ndlela, esebenzisa ama-algorithms okufunda komshini (i-ML), iyindlela yokufeza ukunemba okuqondiwe. Imodeli ye-ML (isb., Imishini Yokusekela I-Vector, I-Gaussian Process Regression, noma Amanethiwekhi E-Artificial Neural) ifunda ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi, obungewona obuqondile phakathi kokufundwa kwe-viscosity eku-inthanethi, ezinye izinguquko zenqubo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi), kanye nomsebenzi we-enzyme "wangempela" njengoba kunqunywe yi-DNSA assay.
Le nqubo yokuhlanganisa ibalulekile. Inzwa eyodwa isengozini yemithombo ehlukahlukene yomsindo, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kukagesi nokwemishini, kanye nokukhukhuleka kwenzwa. Ngokuqeqeshwa kusethi yedatha ephelele, enezindlela eziningi, imodeli ye-ML ingabona futhi ihlunge lezi zimpawu ezingamanga. Isibonelo, ukushintshashintsha kwengcindezi yesikhashana kungabangela ukukhuphuka okufushane, okunephutha ekufundweni kwe-viscometer. Imodeli ye-ML, iqaphela ukuthi lokhu kukhuphuka akuhlobene noshintsho lokushisa noma ukushintsha okuhambisanayo kokukhishwa kwe-DNSA, ingawushaya indiva noma ilungise ngokwezibalo iphuzu ledatha eliyiphutha. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukusebenza kwesistimu ngale kakhulu kwemininingwane eluhlaza yanoma iyiphi inzwa eyodwa.
Ukunqoba Izinselele Zokusetshenziswa Kwezimboni
Ama-viscometer adlidlizayo, ngokwemvelo yawo, azwela ukudlidliza kwangaphandle kwemishini kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI). Imithombo efana nama-motor, amaphampu, kanye neminye imishini yasefektri ingadala umsindo wemishini othinta ngqo ukulinganiswa kwenzwa kokuncibilika kwe-viscous, okuholela ekufundweni okungalungile noma okushintshashintshayo. Ngokufanayo, i-EMI, engakhishwa noma iqhutshwe, ingaphazamisa ukujikeleza kwe-elekthronikhi kwenzwa, yonakalise isignali futhi yonakalise ukusebenza.
Izixazululo eziningana zobunjiniyela, kokubili ezingeni lehadiwe kanye nesofthiwe, zinganciphisa ngempumelelo lezi zinselele. Ngokombono wehadiwe, ukufakwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Inzwa kufanele ibekwe endaweni eqinile, ehlukanisiwe nokudlidliza, kude nemithombo yomsindo wemvamisa ephezulu. Eminye imiklamo ye-viscometer ifaka "i-resonator elinganiselayo" noma izakhi ezifanayo zenzwa ye-co-axial ezisonta ngezindlela eziphambene, zikhansele ngempumelelo ama-torque okusabela angaphandle ekufakeni kwazo.
Ngasohlangothini lwesofthiwe, kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms okucubungula isignali athuthukisiwe ukuhlunga umsindo. Indlela ethuthukisiwe kakhulu ihilela ukusebenzisa inzwa yesibili, njenge-accelerometer yangaphandle, ukukala ukudlidliza kwangaphandle kwendlu yenzwa. Lesi signali "somsindo" sibe sesifakwa kuphrosesa yesignali kanye nesignali ye-viscometer eyinhloko. Iprosesa isebenzisa i-algorithm yokuhlunga ukususa umphumela wokudlidliza kwangaphandle, okwenza ukufunda kube okuhlanzekile nokunembile.I-LonnmeterUkusebenzisa kwe-ND indlela yokubola kwe-electromagnetic ene-microprocessor yokuguqula isignali ngokwemvelo kunikeza izinga elithile lokuhlunga nokuqina.
Ukuthembeka Kwesikhathi Eside, Ukugcinwa, kanye Nezinhlelo Ezizimele
Ukugcina ubuqotho bedatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokulawula inqubo eku-inthanethi. Zonke izinsimbi zokulinganisa "ziyakhukhuleka," ushintsho oluhamba kancane ekusebenzeni ngenxa yokuguga kwemishini, ukuwohloka kwe-elekthronikhi, noma izici zemvelo. Ukuze kulwiwe nalokhu, kubalulekile ukulinganisa okusebenzayo nokujwayelekile.
Indima Yama-Fluids Ajwayelekile Aqinisekisiwe
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokubhekisela eziqinisekisiwe (ama-CRM) kuyindinganiso yemboni yokulinganisa ama-viscometer. Lawa angama-fluid, ngokuvamile amafutha e-silicone, abonisa ukuziphatha kwe-Newtonian okuqinisekisiwe okune-viscosity eyaziwayo kuwo wonke amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene. Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-viscometer eku-inthanethi iyasuswa enkambisweni futhi iqinisekiswe ngokumelene nenye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindinganiso ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwethuluzi kuyagcinwa nokuthi ukufundwa kwalo kuhlala kulandelelwa ezindinganisweni zikazwelonke noma zamazwe ngamazwe.
Uhlaka Lokulungiswa Okubikezelayo
Ngaphandle kokulungisa nje ukukhukhuleka, ukugeleza kwedatha okuqhubekayo okuvela ku-viscometer eku-inthanethi kungasetshenziswa ukusebenzisa isu eliphelele lokulungisa elibikezelayo. Ukuqapha i-viscometer yoketshezi ngesikhathi sangempela kungasebenza njengesixwayiso sokuqala sezinkinga ezingaba khona njengokukalwa kwamapayipi noma ukuvinjelwa, okuvame ukulandelwa ushintsho ku-rheology yoketshezi. Lokhu kuvumela opharetha ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuhlanza noma ukulungisa uhlelo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwehluleka okukhulu, okusindisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nezindleko ezinkulu.I-LonnmeterUmklamo we-ND ongadingi ukulungiswa kakhulu kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula okusheshayo kwenza kube yingxenye engabizi kakhulu nethembekile yalolu hlobo lwesu.
Izicelo Zezimboni kanye Nomthelela Webhizinisi Ongabalwa
Ukuthuthukisa i-Cellulase Hydrolysis
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwalolu buchwepheshe ukwenza ngcono i-hydrolysis eqondiswa yi-cellulase kuma-bioreactor ezimboni. Umgomo ukwandisa ukuguqulwa kwe-HMW cellulase/CMC ibe ushukela onciphisayo obalulekile ngenkathi kugwenywa ukucubungula ngokweqile, okungachitha amandla futhi kunciphise isivuno somkhiqizo jikelele.
Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo oluhlanganisiweI-LonnmeterUhlelo lwe-ND, opharetha bangathola ukufundwa kwe-viscosity okuqhubekayo, kwesikhathi sangempela okuhambisana ngqo nenqubekela phambili yokusabela. Esikhundleni sokuthembela ekuthathweni kwesampula ngesandla kanye nokuhlolwa kwelebhu okuthatha isikhathi ukuthola iphuzu lokugcina, inqubo ingaqedwa ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ukufundwa kwe-viscosity eku-inthanethi kufinyelela iphuzu lokusetha elilinganisiwe kusengaphambili. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kwe-batch-to-batch futhi kuvimbela ukucubungula ngokweqile, okuholela emjikelezweni wokukhiqiza osebenza kahle futhi obikezelwayo. Amandla esistimu okufeza umgomo wokunemba ongu-0.3% aqinisekisa ukuthi iphuzu lokugcina lihlangatshezwa ngokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo efanayo.
Ukulinganisa Imbuyiselo Yotshalomali (i-ROI)
Ukwamukelwa kwalobu buchwepheshe kunikeza imbuyiselo ecacile nengabalwayo ekutshalweni kwezimali kuzo zonke izilinganiso ezibalulekile zebhizinisi.
Isivuno Esikhuphukile kanye Nekhwalithi Yomkhiqizo
Ikhono lokuqapha nokulawula ukusabela kwe-enzyme ngesikhathi sangempela kunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo ongacacisiwe. Lokhu kulawula ngokunemba kuholela ekuvuneni okuphezulu kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina osezingeni eliphezulu njalo, okuthinta ngqo imali engenayo.
Izindleko Zokusebenza Ezincishisiwe
Lolu hlelo luqeda isidingo sokuthatha amasampula ngesandla kanye nokuhlaziywa kwelebhu, okuyimisebenzi edinga umsebenzi omningi futhi ebiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulawulwa kwesikhathi sangempela kuvimbela ukucubungula ngokweqile, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-enzyme abizayo. Umklamo onganakekelwa kahle weI-Lonnmeter-ND inciphisa izindleko zokungasebenzi kanye nokulungisa, okubangela ukonga okukhulu ekusebenzeni.
Ukusekelwa Kwezinqumo Okuthuthukisiwe kanye Nokuxilongwa Kwephutha
Ukugeleza kwedatha okuqhubekayo okuvela ku-viscometer, uma kuhlanganiswe ohlelweni lokulawula (PLC/DCS), kunikeza isethi yedatha ecebile yokuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe. Le datha ingasetshenziswa ekwenzeni amamodeli nokulingisa, okuvumela ukwenza izinqumo ezingcono kanye nokuxilongwa kwamaphutha okusheshayo. Isibonelo, ushintsho oluzumayo nolungachazeki ku-viscosity lungabonisa ukwehluleka kwephampu noma ukungahambisani kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, okuvumela isinyathelo sokulungisa ngokushesha.
Ithebula elingezansi linikeza ukuhlaziywa okuqhathanisayo kohlelo lwe-viscometric oluhlongozwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuthatha amasampula zelebhu zendabuko.
| I-Metric | Indlela Yendabuko (Ukuthatha Amasampula Elebhu) | Indlela Ehlongozwayo (I-Lonnmeter-ND System) |
| Ukutholwa Kwedatha | Ukuthatha amasampula ngezikhathi ezithile, ngesandla. | Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, ngesikhathi sangempela ku-inthanethi. |
| Isikhathi Sokuphendula | Amahora kuya ezinsukwini (ngenxa yezokuthutha kanye nokuhlaziywa kwelebhu). | Ngokushesha. |
| Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo | Ukulungiswa okubambezelekile, okusabelayo. | Ukulawula okusheshayo nokusheshayo. |
| Ukuvumelana Komkhiqizo | Kuhlukahluka kakhulu kusukela ku-batch kuya ku-batch. | Ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokuvumelana (inhloso engu-0.3%). |
| Izindleko Zabasebenzi | Okuphezulu (ukuthatha amasampula ngesandla, ochwepheshe belebhu). | Uhlelo oluncane (oluzenzakalelayo, olusemugqeni). |
| Isikhathi sokuphumula | Okuvamile (kokuthatha amasampula, ukudlula okungenzeka). | Kuncishisiwe (ukulungiswa okubikezelayo, akukho ukulinda imiphumela yelebhu). |
The I-Lonnmeter-ND, ingaphezu kakhulu kwenzwa elula. Uma ihlanganiswe ohlelweni oluphelele, oluqhutshwa idatha, iba ithuluzi elinamandla nelibalulekile lokulawula izinqubo ze-bio.I-LonnmeterUmklamo we-ND oqinile, ongadingi ukulungiswa kakhulu kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula ngokushesha kuhambisana kahle nezimo ezinzima zokucubungula izinto eziphilayo ezimbonini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-10-2025
