Ukulinganisa ingcindezi eqondile kubalulekile ekuvikeleni kokubili ukuzinza kwenqubo kanye nabasebenzi enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate. Ukuqapha ingcindezi njalo, ngesikhathi sangempela kusetshenziswa okuthuthukisiweizithumeli eziku-inthanethi, njengalabo abavela eLonnmeter, ivumela opharetha ukuthi babone ngokushesha ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kusuka ezindaweni ezibekiwe. Lokhu kusabela kusekela izinzuzo zesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi evaliwe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa kwengcindezi kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuzinzile.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Ammonium Nitrate
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Isingeniso
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate kubalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali kamanyolo, okuhlinzeka ngengxenye ebalulekile kwezolimo emhlabeni jikelele. Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate ihilela ukusabela kokungaguquguquki phakathi kwe-ammonium ewuketshezi kanye ne-nitric acid encibilikisiwe, okwakha isisombululo esinezakhiwo zamakhemikhali eziqondile. Ukugcina ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza ehambisanayo kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza kubalulekile, njengoba isikhathi sokungasebenzi noma ukuphambuka komkhiqizo kungathinta izintambo zokuhlinzeka futhi kwandise izindleko.
Izitshalo zokukhiqiza umanyolo zisebenza ngaphansi kokugeleza okuqhubekayo, zibhekene nezingcindezi zokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwenqubo nokuphoqelela izinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile. Ukuphatha i-ammonia ewuketshezi kuthwala izingozi ezinkulu, njengokuphuma okunobuthi kanye nezingozi eziqhumayo, okudinga ukugcinwa okuqinile kanye nokulawulwa kwenqubo. Hlukanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitric acid, okusetshenziswa kuukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi, ukwethula ezinye izinto zokuphepha kanye nokugqwala.
Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali kuncike kumapharamitha enqubo ezinzile. Ukushintshashintsha kokucindezela ku-reactor yokungathathi hlangothi kungaphazamisa izimo zokusabela, kubeke engcupheni ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi futhi kubeke engcupheni kokubili ukuphepha kanye nokukhiqiza. Ukwehluleka kwemishini, ukuguguleka kobuso be-diaphragm, noma izindandatho zokuhlanza ezingagcinwanga kahle ezinhlelweni zokucindezela nakho kwandisa lezi zingozi.
Ama-inline pressure transmitter adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni nasekulawuleni ku-inthanethi. Ngokudlulisela ngokushesha ingcindezi ye-reactor ku-Distributed Control System (DCS) yesitshalo, lawa ma-sensor avumela izinzuzo zesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi ye-closed loop—esabela ngesikhathi sangempela ekuphambukeni nasekuthuthukiseni izimo ze-reactor. Ukudluliselwa okunembile, kwesikhathi sangempela okuvela kumadivayisi okudlulisa ingcindezi kusekela ukwenziwa ngcono kwesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi, kunciphisa ingozi yokungazinzi kwenqubo, futhi kusiza ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-ammonium nitrate. I-Lonnmeter nabanye abakhiqizi bagxila ezintweni zokulinganisa ezithembekile nezinembile ukuze zihlanganiswe nezakhiwo zesistimu ezithuthukisiwe.
Ukuqapha ingcindezi okunembile kuvumela opharetha ukulawula ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali, ukuthuthukisa ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwendandatho yokuhlanza kanye nokugcinwa kobuso be-diaphragm. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokulawula izinqubo kubonisa izitayela zamanje zemboni yomanyolo wamakhemikhali, njengoba izitshalo zidinga ukuqapha okuthembekile kokudlulisela ingcindezi ku-inthanethi futhi zithole amadivayisi kubahlinzeki nabakhiqizi abathembekile bokudlulisela ingcindezi ku-ODM ku-inthanethi.
Ukucindezela kwe-reactor okuzinzile kusekela ukukhiqizwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esiphephile nesisebenzayo futhi kusekela ukuthembeka komugqa wonke wokukhiqiza umanyolo.
Ukubuka Konke Kwenqubo Yezimboni
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate igxile ekusabeleni kokungaguquguquki phakathi kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye ne-nitric acid encibilikisiwe. I-ammonia ewuketshezi igcinwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi igcinwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zokuhwamuka, kuyilapho i-nitric acid encibilikisiwe igcinwa emathangini angagqwali ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezivuthayo. Ama-reactant amabili alinganiswa ngokucophelela futhi afakwe kwi-reactor yokungaguquguquki, lapho ebhekana khona nokusabela okungavamile kakhulu ukuze akhe isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwamazinga okuphakelwa kwe-reactant kanye nengcindezi ngaphakathi kwe-reactor yokungaguquguquki kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekuhambisaneni komkhiqizo, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuguquguquka kwe-ammonia kanye nokugqwala kwe-nitric acid.
Ngaphakathi kwemboni yomanyolo wamakhemikhali, i-ammonium nitrate ivele njengomkhiqizo womanyolo ovelele. Izitayela zakamuva zigcizelela ukusabalala kwayo, lapho izindawo zokukhiqiza e-United States zisebenza cishe ngokuphelele ukuze zanelise isidingo somanyolo.
Ukugeleza kwezimboni kuqala ngokugcinwa okuphephile kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye ne-nitric acid encibilikisiwe. Izinhlelo zokudla ezilawulwayo, ezivame ukuhlanganiswa ezinhlelweni zokulawula ezisatshalaliswa (i-DCS), ziqinisekisa ukulethwa okunembile kwama-reactant ukuze kusebenze ngokuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali. Inhliziyo yenqubo—i-reactor yokungathathi hlangothi—ithembele ekulawuleni okunembile kwengcindezi, kusetshenziswa ama-pressure transmitters kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ingcindezi ye-closed loop ukuze kuqashwe ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuphendula ngokushesha ekushintsheni kwengcindezi. Lokhu kunciphisa izingozi ezifana nokuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi futhi kusiza ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi ukuze kuphephe futhi kusebenze kahle i-reactor.
Ngemva kokungaguquguquki, isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate sidluliselwa kumayunithi okuhlushwa, ngokuvamile ama-evaporator, ukuze kwandiswe amandla esixazululo ngenkathi kulawulwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukuhlushwa kubhekwa eduze ukuze kutholakale izici zomkhiqizo ezifiselekayo. Izinyathelo zokugcina zihilela ukuqina, lapho i-ammonium nitrate egxilile yakhiwa khona ibe ama-prill noma ama-granules ngemibhoshongo ye-granulation kusetshenziswa imifudlana yomoya opholile. Isigaba ngasinye—ukuhlushwa kanye ne-granulation—sidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa, izinga, kanye nezinye izinguquko zenqubo ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomanyolo we-ammonium nitrate ehambisanayo.
Ukulinganisa nokulawula okunembile kusekela isigaba ngasinye senqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukunemba ekuqapheni ingcindezi, ukuhlushwa, ubuningi, i-viscosity, izinga, kanye nokushisa kuqhuba ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuzinza kwenqubo, kanye nokusebenza kahle. Amathuluzi afana nama-transmitter e-ODM aku-inthanethi, ama-ring okuhlanza ukuvimbela ukuvaleka kwenzwa, kanye nokusekelwa okuvamile kokugcinwa kwendawo ye-diaphragm okuthembekileumthumeli wokucindezela ku-inthanethiukuqapha kanye nobuqotho bohlelo lonke. Amamitha e-inline density kanye ne-viscosity e-Lonnmeter anikeza idatha ebalulekile yesikhathi sangempela, ebalulekile ekulawuleni izakhiwo zesisombululo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo.
Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ngokuphepha: ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa ekuphepheni kokuphathwa kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi, ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia, kanye nokukhethwa kwezinto ukuze kumelwane nokugqwala kwe-nitric acid. Ukulawula ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali kubhekwana namasu okulawula athuthukile, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini, kanye nokugcinwa okuphelele. Le mikhuba ihlangene yenza kube lula ukwenza ngcono uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-ammonium nitrate iyonke.
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza i-Ammonium Nitrate
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Indima Yokusebenzisa Izinsimbi Ezisemgqeni Ekuthuthukisweni Kwenqubo
Ama-inline pressure transmitter abalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusabela kokungaguquguquki. Ahlala elinganisa ingcindezi ye-reactor ngokuqina okuphezulu, enikeza impendulo yesikhathi sangempela ku-Distributed Control System (DCS) ekukhiqizeni umanyolo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwedijithali okuqondile kwenza kube lula ukuqapha njalo kwe-inthanethi kwe-pressure transmitter, okuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi bathole ngokushesha izimpawu zokucindezela ezingavamile futhi basabele ngaphambi kokuba uhambo lukhuphuke.
Impendulo esheshayo ye-DCS isekela ukwenza izinqumo okusheshayo kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokulungisa. Ukulawulwa kokuguquguquka kwengcindezi kuba yinto engenzeka ngokugcina ifasitela lokusebenza elizinzile, ukuvimbela ukunyuka kwengcindezi okusheshayo okungase kuphazamise ikhwalithi yokusabela noma kubangele ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi okuyingozi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizweni kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate, ukugcina ingcindezi eqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuphathweni okuphephile kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi futhi kuvimbela ingozi yokukhululwa ngesikhathi sokwanda kwengcindezi. Izinzuzo zesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi ye-loop evaliwe zifaka phakathi ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo okusekelwe ekufundweni kwe-transmitter, ukwandisa ukuzinza kwenqubo kanye nokunciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla.
Amathuluzi ahambisanayo angaphakathi athuthukisa kakhulu ukwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo. Imitha yokuhlushwa engaphakathi inikeza idatha ebalulekile mayelana nokuhlushwa kwe-reactant kanye nomkhiqizo ngesikhathi sangempela. Amamitha okuhlushwa angaphakathi e-Lonnmeter asiza ukuqapha izakhiwo zesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate, okwenza opharetha bakwazi ukubona ukuphambuka ekushintsheni koketshezi, njengokushintsha kobuningi obuvela ekuphazamisekeni kwenqubo noma ekunciphisweni kwezicelo ze-nitric acid. Ama-transmitter ezingeni elingaphakathi agcina amavolumu amahle ngaphakathi kwama-reactor, aqinisekisa ukuthi ukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium nitrate kwenzeka kahle, ngaphandle kokugcwalisa ngokweqile noma ukoma. Ama-transmitter okushisa aletha ukufundwa okunembile kokushisa, okubalulekile ekulawuleni amazinga okusabela nokugcina ukuphepha. Uma ehlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwe-DCS, lawa mathuluzi akha uhlelo oluphelele lokulawula, athuthukisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali.
Abahlinzeki nabakhiqizi bama-pressure transmitter e-ODM aku-inthanethi badlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni izitayela zemboni kamanyolo wamakhemikhali. Baletha amathuluzi aqinile, anembile aklanyelwe izidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqizwa kukamanyolo we-ammonium nitrate wanamuhla. Ama-pressure transmitter athuthukisiwe, aklanywe ngezici ezifana nomsebenzi wendandatho yokuhlanza yokulungisa ubuso be-diaphragm, asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuqina naphezu kwamakhemikhali agqwalisayo. Ukusekelwa okuthembekile komhlinzeki kwenza izitshalo zikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ibe lula, zinciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi, futhi zihambisane nemithethonqubo yokuphepha eqinile, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokwenza ngcono uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi kanye nokuvimbela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi.
Emongweni wokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate, ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ngesikhathi sangempela, obusebenza emgqeni—kufaka phakathi obunjiniyela be-Lonnmeter—kukhuthaza ukunemba, kwandisa ukuthembeka kokukhiqiza, futhi kusekela ngqo ukuphepha kokusebenza ezindaweni ze-reactor.
Izinselele Zokulinganisa Ukucindezelekain Ai-mmoniumNi-itratePukwakhiwa
Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi ku-reactor yokungathathi hlangothi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate kubhekene nezinselele eziqhubekayo. Izinguquko ezisheshayo zengcindezi kanye nokugeleza okushintshashintshayo kungaholela ekungazinzini kokusebenza futhi kubeke engcupheni ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi, okubeka ingozi enkulu yokuphepha. Ukulinganiswa kwengcindezi ngesikhathi sangempela kubalulekile ekugcineni izimo ze-reactor ezihambisanayo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-reaction yokungathathi hlangothi, kanye nokusekela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali.
Ama-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters abhekana nalezi zinkinga ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-purge ring. Umsebenzi we-purge ring uvikela ubuso be-sensor diaphragm ekugqwaleni nasekungcoleni okukhona esixazululweni se-ammonium nitrate. Lo mklamo wandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi ye-transmitter futhi ugcina ukunemba okuphezulu, ngisho noma evezwa kumakhemikhali anolaka njenge-nitric acid encibilikisiwe kanye ne-ammonium nitrate egxilile. Ukugcinwa kobuso be-diaphragm kusiza ukugcina ubuqotho bokulinganisa, okubalulekile ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka kokucindezela ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali kanye nokunciphisa ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi.
Ukufakwa okunesu kwama-transmitter e-Lonnmeter ezindaweni ezibalulekile zenqubo—njengokungena kokudla kanye nokuphuma kwe-reactor yokungathathi hlangothi, imigqa yokulethwa kwe-ammonia ne-nitric acid, kanye nezigaba zokuhlushwa—kuvumela ukuqoqwa kwedatha okuphelele. Amanani okucindezela kwesikhathi sangempela anikezwa yilaba bathumeli akhuthaza ukwenza izinqumo okusheshayo futhi athuthukise ukuzenzekela kwenqubo uma kuxhunyaniswe ne-Distributed Control Systems (DCS) ekukhiqizweni komanyolo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kusekela izici ezithuthukisiwe njengokubonisa isimo sesikhathi sangempela, ukuqalisa i-alamu okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokwenza ngcono uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi oluvaliwe, okuthuthukisa ndawonye ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-ammonium nitrate.
Ukuthola ama-pressure transmitter avela kubaphakeli nabakhiqizi abathembekile be-ODM pressure transmitter online kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kanye nezixazululo ezilungiselelwe wena. Izikhathi zokuhola ezisheshayo kanye nezinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso kusiza ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukile zendawo yokukhiqiza isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate. Imikhiqizo ingachazwa ngezimo ezithile zokusabela kokungathathi hlangothi, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kanye nokuphepha ezindleleni ezinkulu zemboni yomanyolo wamakhemikhali.
Ukugxila kweLonnmeter kumamitha e-hardware—ubuningi kanye ne-viscosity—akubandakanyi izingxenye zesofthiwe nesistimu, okuqinisekisa ubuchwepheshe obuzinikele kubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa obuhambisanayo. Ngalezi zithumeli zokucindezela eziqinile, izitshalo zamakhemikhali zithola izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kokucindezela, ukuvimbela ukuvuza, nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo ekukhiqizweni okuqhubekayo kwe-ammonium nitrate.
Izincomo Zokufaka kanye Nezinzuzo Zokusebenza Kahle/Izindleko
Ukufakwa okuhlelekile kwezinhlelo zokudlulisa ingcindezi kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni kahle. Ama-pressure transmitter kufanele abekwe ezindaweni zokuphakelwa kwe-reactor kanye nokukhipha i-neutralization reactor, lapho ukulinganisa okugxilile kusiza ukulawula ukusabela okubalulekile phakathi kwe-nitric acid encibilikisiwe kanye ne-ammonia ewuketshezi. Ukuqapha emigudwini emikhulu yepayipi—ye-ammonia ewuketshezi, i-nitric acid encibilikisiwe, kanye nesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esiphumelayo—kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bokusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali nokusekela ukukhiqizwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esithuthukisiwe.
Ezigabeni zenqubo ezansi, okuhlanganisa nokugcinwa ngaphandle kwendawo kanye nokufakwa komanyolo, ukulinganiswa kwengcindezi kuvumela ukungenelela okusheshayo uma kwenzeka ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi, kuthuthukisa izinzuzo zesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi evaliwe. Ukuqashelwa okusheshayo kanye nokuhlukanisa ukuvuza noma ukucindezela okungaphephile kubaluleke kakhulu emigqeni ephatha i-ammonia ewuketshezi, ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka kwayo. Ukubekwa kwama-transmitter okucindezela okunesu kuyasiza ekuphepheni kokuphatha i-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye nokuvimbela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi, ukuvikela abasebenzi kanye nempahla.
Ukwanda kokusebenza kahle kuyakhula lapho ukulungiswa kwendawo ye-diaphragm kanye nomsebenzi wendandatho yokuhlanza kubekwa phambili. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwendandatho yokuhlanza nokuhlanza kunciphisa ukungcola kwenzwa, kuzinzise ukufundwa, futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwethuluzi. Ama-diaphragm anakekelwe kahle kanye namasongo okuhlanza aqinisekisa ukulinganiswa okuzinzile ngisho naphakathi kwemifudlana egqwalisayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusabela kokungaguquki ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium nitrate.
Ukuqapha kwe-inthanethi kwe-transmitter yengcindezi yesikhathi sangempela kwenza kube lula ukwenza ngcono uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi futhi kusekela i-DCS enembile ekukhiqizweni komanyolo. Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nezinhlelo zokulawula ezisatshalaliswa (i-DCS) kwenza kube lula ukulawula i-closed loop okuzenzakalelayo, kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwenqubo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kubambisana kuletha ukuthambekela kwemboni yomanyolo wamakhemikhali okulinganiselwe ekufinyeleleni ekusebenzeni kahle, kukhulisa ukucaca kanye nokwenza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-ammonium nitrate.
Ukuze kuzuze izindleko, abahlinzeki nabakhiqizi be-ODM pressure transmitter abaku-inthanethi bavumela izikhungo ukuthi zikhethe ihadiwe eqinile, enobungani nokugcinwa. I-Lonnmeter, njengomkhiqizi ozinikele wamamitha okuminyana kanye ne-viscosity, ayihlinzeki ngesofthiwe yokulawula noma yokuqapha kodwa inikela ngehadiwe ethembekile ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali. Amaphethini okufaka alungiselelwe kahle, ukulungiswa njalo kobuso be-diaphragm, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezindandatho zokuhlanza kuqinisekisa amathuluzi ahlala isikhathi eside, anokunemba okuphezulu—ekugcineni kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngethani ngalinye le-ammonium nitrate elikhiqizwayo. Imikhuba yokufaka ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlanganiswa kuvula ukusebenza kahle okwengeziwe kuzo zonke izigaba, kusukela ekunciphisweni kwe-inline kuya ekupakishweni komkhiqizo wokugcina.
Isiphetho
Ukulinganisa ingcindezi eqondile kuyisisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate okuphephile, okuthembekile, nokuphumelelayo. Ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela ukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate kusiza ukugcina amazinga okucindezela afanele, kuvimbele ukuguquguquka okungazelelwe okungaphazamisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali. Ukuqapha okuthembekile kokudlulisa ingcindezi ku-inthanethi kunciphisa ingozi yezimo eziyingozi njengokuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi noma ukwakheka kwengcindezi ngokweqile, kokubili okubalulekile ekuphatheni i-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye nokunciphisa i-nitric acid ekukhiqizweni kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate.
Ukuhlanganisa izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nama-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters ohlelweni lokulawula ingcindezi oluvaliwe kunezela ungqimba oluqinile lokuzinza kwenqubo. Lawa ma-transmitter asekela ukwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo ngokunikeza idatha enembile ngqo ku-DCS ekukhiqizweni komanyolo, okuqhuba ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo emiphumeleni yenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-ammonium nitrate. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokuvikela ukuphepha kwezitshalo, kodwa futhi ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nokwenza ngcono uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi - izinto ezibalulekile ekubhekaneni nezitayela zemboni yomanyolo wamakhemikhali.
Ukugcinwa kahle kwezingxenye ezifana nezindawo ze-diaphragm kanye nomsebenzi wendandatho yokuhlanza kuqinisekisa ukunemba futhi kwandisa impilo yemishini, kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza. Ngokunciphisa ukuhlukahluka kwengcindezi, ukwenziwa kwezinsimbi zesimanje kunegalelo ngqo ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali kanye nokugcina imikhuba emihle kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium nitrate.
Ochwepheshe bemboni bakhuthazwa ukuthi bacele ikhotheshini futhi bahlole izixazululo zezinsimbi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezivela kubaphakeli abaphambili be-ODM pressure transmitter online. Ukuthuthukela kubuchwepheshe obuthembekile njengemikhiqizo yeLonnmeter kunika amandla izikhungo zokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza, ukuqinisa ukuphepha, kanye nokufeza intuthuko eqhubekayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
Iyini inzuzo yesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi evaliwe ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium nitrate?
Uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi oluvaliwe luqinisa ukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium nitrate ngokushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha enqubo kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokulawula ezisatshalaliswa (i-DCS). Lokhu kusabela okusheshayo kuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi okungafuneki, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphuma kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi oluyingozi. Ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kugcina ikhwalithi yesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate ezinzile futhi kusekela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo kanye nokuphepha.
Kufanele kufakwe kuphi ama-inline pressure transmitter ezitshalweni zokukhiqiza i-ammonium nitrate?
Izindawo ezifanele zokubeka zifaka phakathi imigqa yokudla ye-reactor kanye neyokukhipha, izindawo zokungena ze-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye ne-nitric acid encibilikisiwe, kanye nasezigabeni ezibalulekile zokukhiqizwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Lezi zindawo ziqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqinile, ngesikhathi sangempela kokuphambuka. Ngokufakwa okunembile, i-DCS ekukhiqizweni komanyolo ingathola izimo ezingavamile ngokushesha, ithuthukise ukulawulwa kwayo yonke inqubo futhi inciphise ukuphazamiseka kwenqubo noma izingozi zemvelo.
Izindandatho zokuhlanza zivikela kanjani ubuso be-diaphragm ezinhlelweni zokudlulisa ingcindezi?
Amaringi okuhlanza avumela ukuhlanza okuphelele futhi anciphise ukuqongelela kwezinto eziqinile noma imikhiqizo ebolile ebusweni be-diaphragm yomthumeli. Lo mklamo unciphisa ukugcinwa kanye nokuwohloka, okunikeza impilo ende yesevisi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinzima ezivame ukuvela enkambisweni yokukhiqizwa komanyolo we-ammonium nitrate. Ngokugcina i-diaphragm ihlanzekile futhi ingashintshi, amaringi okuhlanza asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuqapha okuthembekile nokunembile komthumeli wokucindezela ku-inthanethi, kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingahleliwe esihambisana nokwehluleka kwemishini.
Kungani ukuphepha kokuphathwa kwe-ammonia ewuketshezi kubalulekile, futhi ama-pressure transmitter angasiza kanjani?
I-ammonia ewuketshezi inobuthi futhi iyashintshashintsha kakhulu. Ingcindezi engalawulwa ingabangela ukukhishwa okuyingozi. Ama-inline pressure transmitter abalulekile ekuphepheni: ahlinzeka ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo futhi athole ngokushesha ukungalingani kwengcindezi. Lapho ingcindezi idlula amaphuzu amisiwe, ama-alamu kanye nokuvala okuzenzakalelayo kuyaqaliswa, okuvimbela ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma ukuphuma. Le mpendulo yesikhathi sangempela ayigcini nje ngokuphoqelela izindinganiso zokuphepha zokuphatha i-ammonia ewuketshezi kodwa futhi ivikela abasebenzi kanye nendawo ebanzi ekulimaleni okungenzeka.
Yiziphi izindima ezidlalwa yizinsimbi ezihambisanayo ezihambisanayo kanye nama-pressure transmitters?
Kanye nama-pressure transmitter, amathuluzi angaphakathi afana namamitha okuhlushwa, amamitha okuxinana, amamitha okuxinana (kufaka phakathi lawo akhiqizwe yiLonnmeter), ama-level transmitter, kanye nama-temperature transmitter anikeza umbono wedijithali ophelele wezimo zenqubo. Ngokuhlangene, lawa madivayisi avumela ukwenziwa ngcono kwesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi, asekela izinzuzo zesistimu ye-closed loop, futhi asize ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonium nitrate eqhutshwa idatha. Isibonelo, amamitha okuxinana kanye nama-viscosity eLonnmeter angaphakathi asiza ukulawula ukuhambisana kwengxube, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusabela kokungathathi hlangothi kuhlala ngaphakathi kwemingcele efiselekayo yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-15-2026
