Enkambisweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhluza uwoyela wokugcoba, ukulawulwa kobuningi kudlula yonke inquboukulinganisa ubuningi bamafutha okugcoba. Isimiso sokukhipha sisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezingezona ezifanelekile kusuka ku-oyela ogcobayo. Le ndlela isebenzisa izinyibilikisi ezifana ne-furfural kanye ne-phenol ukuze kufezwe ukukhishwa kwesigaba soketshezi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa, ikakhulukazi ukususa ama-hydrocarbon amafushane ahambisana ne-polycyclic kanye nama-compounds aqukethe i-sulfur/nitrogen.
Isigaba se-solvent esicebile esinezingxenye ezingezinhle kanye nesigaba se-oyili ecwengekile esimsulwa sihlukaniswa kuqala kukholamu yokukhipha, siphuma ezindaweni ezahlukene ngokulandelana. Isigaba se-solvent esicebile singena ohlelweni lokubuyisa i-solvent, lapho i-solvent iphinda isetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa i-distillation nezinye izindlela; isigaba se-oyili ecwengekile singena ezinqubweni ezilandelayo njengokukhumula nokomisa ukuze kususwe izincibilikisi ezisele, kutholakale uwoyela oyisisekelo we-oyili ocwengekile ofanelekile.
Imiphumela Yamaphutha Okulinganisa Ubuningi
Izinsalela Eziningi Zezingxenye Ezingafaneleki
Uma ukulawulwa kobuningi endaweni yokuphuma kawoyela ocwengekile kuphezulu kakhulu, insalela yezingxenye ezingezinhle izodlula indinganiso, inciphise kakhulu ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation kanye nokuqina kokushisa kwamafutha okugcoba. Lokhu kuzobangela inkomba ye-viscosity engavamile, yehluleke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezimo zokusebenza, futhi kungaholela ngisho nasekugqwaleni kwemishini kanye nezinkinga zokuvikelwa kwemvelo ngenxa yezinsalela ze-solvent.
Ingozi Yensalela Ye-Solvent
Ukulawulwa kobuningi okunganembile kungabangela ukususwa okungaphelele kwezinyibilikisi (njenge-furfural) ku-oyili ocolisisiwe. Izinsalela ze-solvent zizogqwala izingxenye zensimbi. Ikakhulukazi emikhakheni enembile kakhulu njengamafutha okugcoba ezindiza, zingase zibangele izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha njengokuguga kwesivalo kanye nokubhoboka kokugqwala.
Ukwehluleka Okuvamile Esistimu Yokubuyisa I-Solvent
Ubuningi obungavamile endaweni yokukhipha i-solvent ecebile buzoholela ekunciphiseni ubumsulwa bezingxenyana, buthaka amandla okukhipha i-solvent, futhi bakhe umjikelezo omubi. Ukuqongelela kwamanzi kuzobangela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-solvent, okudinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Ukungcola okungena ohlelweni kuzovimba nemishini, kuguge izingxenye, futhi kwandise izindleko zokulungisa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.
Inkinga Ezinzuzweni Zezomnotho Nokuthobela Imithetho
Ukulawulwa kobuningi obungalungile kuzokwandisa izindleko ezifana nokulungiswa kabusha komkhiqizo, imfucuza yesinyibilikisi, kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini, futhi kungaholela ezijezisweni noma ngisho nasekumisweni kokukhiqiza kanye nokulungiswa ngenxa yokungalandeli imithetho yemvelo.
Uhlelo Lokubuyisela Ikholomu Yokukhipha/Isinyibilikisi
Enqubweni yokucwenga uwoyela oxutshwe ngokugcoba, ikholomu yokukhipha kanye nohlelo lokubuyisa i-solvent kuyizixhumanisi eziyinhloko. Ukuqapha nokulawula okunembile kwamapharamitha abo obuningi kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kanye nokuphepha. Njengethuluzi lokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela, imitha yobuningi eqondile ingafinyelela ukwenziwa ngcono okuguquguqukayo kwamapharamitha enqubo ebalulekile ngokuqoqa njalo idatha yobuningi boketshezi nokuxhumanisa nohlelo lokulawula. Amamitha obuningi eqondile ngokuvamile afakwa epayipini lokukhipha uwoyela ocwengiwe phezulu kwekholomu kanye nepayipi lokukhipha lomxube ocebile ephansi kwekholomu.
Imisebenzi Eyinhloko yamamitha obuningi angaphakathi
Ukulungiswa Okuguquguqukayo Kwesilinganiso Se-Solvent
Uma ubuningi bamafutha acwengisisiwe phezulu kwekholomu buphezulu kakhulu (ngezingxenye eziningi ezisele ezingezona ezifanelekile), ivolumu yokujova ye-solvent izokhushulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha; uma ubuningi buphansi kakhulu (nge-solvent eningi), ukusetshenziswa kwe-solvent kuzoncishiswa ukuze kugwenywe imfucuza.
Isexwayiso Sasekuqaleni Sokuhlukana Kwesigaba Okungajwayelekile
Uma kwenzeka "ukukhukhula" noma "ukuhambisa" kukholomu yokukhipha, idatha ye-densitometer izoshintshashintsha kakhulu, futhi uhlelo lungakhipha ama-alamu ngesikhathi esifanele futhi lulungise amapharamitha okusebenza (njengesilinganiso sokugeleza kanye nokushisa) ukuvimbela izingozi zokukhiqiza.
Ukuthuthukisa Umthwalo Wekholomu Yokukhipha
Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha idatha yobuningi, ukugeleza kwezinto ezikukholamu kuyalinganiswa ukuze kugwenywe ukugcwala kwendawo okubangelwa ukungalingani kobuningi futhi kwandise umjikelezo wokusebenza kwemishini.
Izinzuzo zama-Lonnmeter Inline Density Meters
I-Lonnmeteramamitha obuningi obungaphakathiziye zagqama phakathi kwemikhiqizo embonini efanayo ngokusebenza kwayo okuqinile kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuhle kakhulu ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka okuqinisekiswa kwemakethe, zinikeza izixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa zokuqapha ubuningi boketshezi ezimbonini ezahlukene. Amakhasimende angakhetha amamitha obuningi angaphakathi anokunemba okuhlukile ngokuya ngezimo ezithile zokusebenza.
Ngokuqondene nokunemba, amamitha okulinganisa ubuningi be-Lonnmeter afinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu embonini, kanti amanye amamodeli afinyelela ukunemba okungu-±0.0005 g/cm³, okudlula kakhulu izinga elimaphakathi lemikhiqizo efanayo. Amakhasimende angakhetha kalula imikhiqizo enamazinga ahlukene okunemba ngokwezimo ezithile zokusebenza, kusukela ku-±0.01 g/cm³ eyisisekelo kuya ku-±0.0005 g/cm³ enokunemba okuphezulu, ukuze afinyelele ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kwezindleko nokusebenza.
Ngezinto ezigqwalisayo, i-Lonnmeter inikeza izinto ezahlukahlukene ezingagqwali, okuhlanganisa i-Hastelloy, i-titanium alloy, kanye ne-polytetrafluoroethylene, ezingamelana nokuguguleka kwesikhathi eside kwezinto ezigqwalisayo ezinamandla njenge-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-sulfuric acid, okwandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yemishini futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Amamitha okulinganisa ubuningi be-Lonnmeter asekela izindlela eziningi zokufaka, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa eceleni, ukufakwa phezulu, kanye nokufakwa epayipini, okungazivumelanisa kahle nokuhlelwa kwemishini namapayipi ahlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, afakwe izixhumi zedatha ezicebile njenge-4-20mA, i-RS485, kanye ne-Modbus, ezingaxhunywa kalula ezinhlelweni zokulawula ezifana ne-DCS kanye ne-PLC ukuze kufezwe ukuqapha okukude kanye nokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, okusiza amabhizinisi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye namazinga obuhlakani.
Emkhakheni wokukhipha uwoyela ngokugcoba, ukuqapha ubuningi obuqondile kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Amamitha obuningi e-Lonnmeter asize amabhizinisi amaningi ukufeza ukukhiqiza okuphumelelayo ngezinzuzo zawo eziningi.
Uma ufuna nesisombululo sokulinganisa ubuningi esithembeke kakhudlwana, wamukelekile ukuthatha isinyathelo manje! Chofoza ukuze uqalise uphenyo ukuze uthole ikhathalogi yomkhiqizo enemininingwane yamahhala yamamitha obuningi e-Lonnmeter, ehlanganisa uhla oluphelele lwamapharamitha omkhiqizo ngokunemba okuhlukile nezinto zokwakha ukukusiza ukuthi ukhethe ngokushesha imodeli efanele; ungavula futhi amacala amakhasimende acebile embonini yokukhipha uwoyela ukuze uqonde ngokujulile ukuthi sixazulula kanjani izinkinga zokuqapha ubuningi bamabhizinisi futhi sifinyelele ekunciphiseni izindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-05-2025
