Ama-inline pressure transmitters aqinisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid. Inqubo yokuhluza i-acetic acid incike ekuphathweni kwengcindezi okuzinzile—ikakhulukazi emibhoshongweni yokuhluza nge-vacuum kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, lapho ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kungathinta kokubili ukuphepha kokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Impendulo enembile, yesikhathi sangempela evela kuma-inline pressure transmitters ivimbela ukwanda kwengcindezi okungabangela ukugcwala ngokweqile, ukugqwala, noma ukubola kokushisa kwe-acetic acid. Lezi zingozi ziyanda kuukuhluzwa kwe-vacuumngokuhlushwa kwe-acetic acid, lapho ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yenqubo eqinile kungagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo kodwa futhi kukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhambisana nokusebenza kwe-reboiler kanye ne-tower reflux. Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi okuphumelelayo kuthinta ngqo ukulayishwa kwekholomu, ukulingana komswakama noketshezi, futhi, ekugcineni, isivuno se-acetic acid ehlanzekile kakhulu.
Ikholomu Yokuhluza I-Acetic Acid
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Ukubuka konke kokukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-Industrial Glacial Acetic Acid
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-acetic acid yezimboni kuqala ngokuguqulwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa—ikakhulukazi i-methanol ngokusebenzisa i-carbonylation noma ukuguqulwa kwe-biomass kwe-biomass—kube yi-acetic acid engahluziwe. Ukucubungula okuphezulu kuhilela ama-reactor lapho ukuguqulwa kwe-feedstock kwenzeka khona. Ama-catalyst asetshenziswa njalo, njenge-rhodium complexes, enza kube lula ukusebenza kahle kwe-methanol carbonylation, okuholela kumkhiqizo ongahluziwe oqukethe amanzi kanye nemikhiqizo eyahlukene.
Ngemva kokusabela, ingxube ihlukaniswa okokuqala ukuze kususwe imikhiqizo esindayo noma engancibiliki. Imifudlana ye-acetic acid engahluziwe, esaphethe amanzi amaningi kanye nokungcola okubilayo kancane, idluliselwa ekuhlanzweni okungezansi komfula. Lapha, inqubo igxile ochungechungeni lwemisebenzi yokukhipha uketshezi olushisayo nolwe-liquid ukuze kususwe amanzi futhi kulandelwe ukungcola ngenkathi kubuyiswa i-acetic acid ehlanzekile kakhulu.
Inqubo yokucwilisa i-acetic acid iyisisekelo. Amakholomu okucwilisa—ikakhulukazi amabhoshongo okuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni—asusa amanzi futhi alungise ukugcwala kwe-acetic acid. Amabhoshongo okuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni athembele ekuthinteni komoya-uketshezi okuphambene nokushisa okulawulwayo kanye nezingcindezi ukuze kuqhutshwe amanzi aye phezulu kwekholomu ngenkathi kugcinwa i-acetic acid esisekelweni. Kulandela amakholomu okucwilisa nge-vacuum, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwe-acetic acid ekungcoleni okubilayo okuphansi kanye ne-acetic anhydride enengozi yokubola kokushisa encishisiwe. Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yenqubo kuwo wonke la makholomu kubalulekile: izingcindezi eziphansi zinciphisa amaphuzu okubila, zinciphise isidingo samandla futhi zilondoloze ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo njengoba kuqokonyiswe ekubuyekezweni kobuchwepheshe kanye neziqondiso zemboni.
Imishini yenqubo ebalulekile ihlanganisa:
- Imibhoshongo yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni enomsebenzi wokususa amanzi.
- Amakholomu okuhluza nge-vacuum aklanyelwe ukuhlukaniswa kokungcola nokuphathwa kwamandla.
- Izishintshi zokushisa ukuze zihlanganise ukushisa kwenqubo nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla.
- Ama-Condenser okubuyisa umusi kanye nokulawula i-reflux.
- Izigaba zokukhishwa koketshezi olufana nama-ester zingase zikhiphe izinsalela zamanzi noma imikhiqizo engaphansi kwalokho.
Izindlela zanamuhla zokuhlanza i-acetic acid zezimboni zihlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kokushisa nemisebenzi ethuthukisiwe ukuze kusebenze kahle futhi kukhiqizwe kangcono. Ubuchwepheshe be-membrane—nakuba bungavamile njengokuhluzwa—bunikeza ukuhlukaniswa okukhethiwe kwamanzi-acetic acid kwezimpahla ezithile zokudla. Ukukhishwa koketshezi okonga amandla, kusetshenziswa izinyibilikisi ezikhethiwe phezulu noma phansi kokuhluzwa, kuthuthukisa ukususwa kokungcola kwe-azeotropic futhi kunciphisa amandla. Izitshalo zivame ukuhlanganisa amasu okwenza ngcono inqubo, zisebenzisa idatha yesikhathi sangempela kanye nokwenza okuzenzakalelayo ukuvumelanisa izigaba zokuhluzwa, ukukhipha, kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ukuze kube nekhwalithi ephezulu yomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Ukugcina i-glacial acetic acid ehlanzekile kakhulu kuncike ekulawulweni kwenqubo okuthembekile kanye nokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwezinsimbi. Amamitha e-Lonnmeter angaphakathi kobubanzi kanye ne-viscosity aletha idatha yesikhathi sangempela yokuqinisekiswa kwenqubo, ikakhulukazi ekuhlukanisweni okungavuthiwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ngemuva kokucwiliswa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalaba bahlaziyi kuvumela ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, ukuxazulula izinkinga okulula, kanye nokuphendula ngokushesha ekuphambukeni, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, okukhiqizayo okuphezulu.
Empeleni, ukuhluzwa kwe-vacuum ukuze kugxilwe ku-acetic acid kusathandwa ngenxa yokwanda kwayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, kuyilapho ukusebenza nokugcinwa kombhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni sekuyindawo ebalulekile yokwandisa umkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi esibizayo. Ukwakheka okufanele kanye nokusebenza kahle kweyunithi ngayinye yokuhlukanisa kunikeza umgogodla wokukhiqizwa kwe-glacial acetic acid okuthembekile, okunomthamo ophezulu okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zezentengiselwano kanye nemithetho.
Imiqondo Eyinhloko Ekuhlanjululweni Kwe-Acetic Acid Nokulawulwa Kokucindezela
Ukwakheka kanye nokusebenza kwekholomu yokuhluza i-Acetic acid kubeka phambili ukulawulwa okunembile kokudluliselwa kwesisindo. Ikholomu kumele ihlukanise ngempumelelo i-acetic acid nokungcola okuvamile njengamanzi, i-acetaldehyde, kanye ne-formic acid. Lokhu kuncike ekukhetheni ihadiwe yangaphakathi—amathileyi esivikelo, amathileyi esivikelo sebhamuza, noma ukupakisha okuhlelekile okunamandla aphezulu—ukuze kuhambisane nomusi olindelekile kanye nomthamo woketshezi.
Isilinganiso se-reflux sinquma ubumsulwa kanye nesivuno esingatholakala. Siphansi kakhulu, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye kuyawa; siphezulu kakhulu, futhi izidingo zamandla ziyanda ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa. Ama-hydraulic ngaphakathi kwekholomu kumele azinze kuwo wonke amathreyi ukuvimbela ukukhukhuleka noma ukukhala, kokubili okuphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa. Ukucindezela kwenqubo okuzinzile kusekela zonke izinto zokwenza ngcono inqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-acetic acid, njengoba amaphuzu okubila kanye nokulingana komswakama-uketshezi kushintsha nganoma yikuphi ukuguquguquka.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid kudinga ukuhluzwa kwe-vacuum ukuze kwandiswe ubumsulwa ngenkathi kugwenywa ukubola kokushisa. Ukusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi elawulwayo engaphansi komoya kwehlisa izinga lokubila le-acetic acid ngaphansi komkhawulo wayo wokubola, kuvikela ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kwe-vacuum kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Ukuhamba kwengcindezi kuletha ingozi—ukucindezela okwandayo kungabangela ukubola kokushisa, kuyilapho ukwehla kubeka engcupheni ama-hydraulics ekholomu futhi kungavumela ukuthuthwa komhwamuko ezinhlelweni ezingezansi.
Inqubo Yokuhlanzwa Kwe-Acetic Acid
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Umbhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni we-acetic acid wenzelwe injongo eyodwa: ukususwa kwamanzi ngamandla. Amanzi kanye ne-acetic acid kwakha i-azeotropes, okunciphisa ukucwiliswa okuvamile. Umbhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ovame ukusebenza ngengcindezi encishisiwe futhi uhlonyiswe ngezinto zangaphakathi ezikhethekile, ukhipha amanzi ukuze ahlangabezane nezimfuneko zeqhwa. Uma amanzi engasuswa ngempumelelo, izigaba zokucwiliswa ngaphansi komfula azikwazi ukufeza ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo ohlosiwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amandla angeniswa yini. Ukugcinwa njalo kwamathileyi ombhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, amaphampu okujikeleza kwegazi, kanye nezinsimbi kubalulekile. Abasebenzi baqapha izimpawu zokuqala zezinkinga, njengokwehla kwengcindezi okungavamile noma ukuphambuka kwezinga lokushisa, okungase kubonise ukungcola, umonakalo wethileyi, noma ukudlula komphunga.
Ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo nokulawula kuvikela umbhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ezingozini zokusebenza. Izinkinga ezivame ukufana nokukhukhula (okubangelwa ukubanjwa koketshezi okweqile) noma ukukhala (uketshezi oluvuzayo ngamathileyi) kuthinta ngqo ukukhiqizwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-acetic acid. Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhluza i-acetic acid, abaqhubi bathembele kudatha yenqubo ukuze baxilonge futhi balungise lezi zinkinga ngokushesha, banciphise ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle.
Izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi yenqubo ekukhiqizweni kwe-acetic acid zincike ekulinganisweni okuqondile okuqondile kusetshenziswa ama-transmitter aqinile. Ukufundwa kwengcindezi okunembile kwakha isisekelo sezihibe zempendulo ezenzakalelayo ezilungisa amaphuzu asethiwe ukuze kulondolozwe ukuzinza emibhoshongweni yokuhluza kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Izingidi zokuphepha zisebenzisa lezi zilinganiso ezifanayo, ziqala ngokushesha ukuvalwa uma kwenzeka ukuphambuka okuyingozi ukuvikela kokubili imishini kanye nabasebenzi.
Ukulinganisa ingcindezi okuthuthukisiwe ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali kuvame ukusebenzisa ama-transmitter anokwethenjelwa okuphezulu njengalawo asekelwe ezimisweni zomthamo ohlukile. Ukulinganisa okufanele kubalulekile—ukukhukhuleka kungabangela ukufundwa okunephutha kanye nokulawula okungaphansi, ngakho-ke ukubhekisela njalo eziqondisweni ezifana nomhlahlandlela wokulinganisa we-pressure transmitter we-Rosemount 3051 kuyinto evamile.
Kuzo zonke izigaba, izindlela zokuhlanza i-acetic acid yezimboni zincike ekuhlanganisweni kobuqotho bemishini, ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo, kanye nokwenza ngokuzenzakalela kwenqubo. Isinyathelo ngasinye, kusukela ekuhluzweni kwe-vacuum ukuze kugxilwe ku-acetic acid kuya ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuhlanzwa kokugcina, kunikezwa amandla ngokulawulwa kwengcindezi okunembile nokuzinzile. Amamitha e-Lonnmeter angaphakathi komugqa kanye ne-viscosity avame ukuhlanganiswa ezindaweni ezibalulekile, ahlinzeka ngedatha yenqubo ebalulekile kanye nokulinganisa ingcindezi kanye nokushisa okubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphumelelayo nokunenzuzo ephezulu.
Izinsimbi Ezithuthukisiwe Ezisemgqeni Zokucwilisa Nokuhlanzwa kwe-Acetic Acid
Ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlanzweni kwe-glacial acetic acid, amathuluzi asezingeni eliphezulu ahlinzeka opharetha idatha esheshayo nenembile ukuze bathuthukise ukwakheka nokusebenza kwekholomu yokuhluza. Ama-transmitter okucindezela angaphakathi, njengalawo akhiqizwa yiLonnmeter, abalulekile ekuqapheni ingcindezi yekholomu, ikakhulukazi ekuhluzeni nge-vacuum ukuze kugxilwe ku-acetic acid. Lawa ma-transmitter aqinisekisa ukucindezeleka okusebenzayo okuzinzile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kombhoshongo wokuphelelwa amanzi kanye nangaphakathi kwamakholomu amakhulu okuhlukaniswa, okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokuphepha kwenqubo.
Ngaphandle kwezinzwa zokucindezela, izitshalo zihlanganisa amathuluzi angaphakathi afana namamitha okuhlushwa, amamitha obuningi, amamitha e-viscosity, ama-transmitter e-level, kanye nezinzwa zokushisa.Amamitha okuhlushwa angaphakathi komugqalandelela amandla e-asidi, uphawula ngokushesha ukuphambuka okubonisa ukuvuza, amanzi aqediwe, noma ukuhlukana okungaphelele. Amamitha obuningi, kufaka phakathi amamodeli avela ku-Lonnmeter, aqinisekisa njalo ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo futhi anikeze ulwazi ngokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokuhluza. Amamitha e-viscosity angaphakathi aveza izinguquko esitokweni sokudla noma akhombisa ukwakheka kwe-polymer kumathreyi noma ekupakisheni—ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxilonga ngesikhathi sokuxazulula izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhluza ze-acetic acid.
Ama-level transmitter agcina opharetha benolwazi mayelana nokubamba uketshezi kumakholomu kanye nama-reboiler. Lokhu kuvimbela ukukhukhula futhi kuqinisekisa izilinganiso ezifanele ze-reflux ukuze kuhlukaniswe kahle amasu okuhluza i-glacial acetic acid vacuum. Izinzwa zokushisa, ezifakwe ezindaweni eziqondile njenge-column trays, i-overhead accumulator, kanye ne-reboiler, zinikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuphakelayo kanye nempendulo yezindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka kwenqubo ye-acetic acid ezithuthukisiwe.
I-Lonnmeter's inline pressure transmitter ifana nezindlela ezisunguliwe zokulinganisa ingcindezi ethuthukisiwe ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali. Uma ifakwa emibhoshongweni yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, inikeza impendulo yezinga le-vacuum ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kanye nesinyathelo sokukhipha i-acetic acid kulawulwa ngokunembile futhi kugcinwe ukwakheka okufunwayo okuphezulu. Kukholomu eyinhloko yokuhluza, izimpawu zokulawula ingcindezi ezivela ku-Lonnmeter transmitter zilungisa ama-vent valve, ukugeleza kwe-reflux, kanye nomsebenzi we-condenser. Lokhu kuvimbela izehlakalo eziyingozi zokucindezela ngokweqile futhi kugcina ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa okuyisisekelo sezindlela zokuhlanza i-acetic acid zezimboni.
Ukusebenza kwangempela kuvame ukuletha izinselele ezifana nokungcola, ukushintshashintsha kokwakheka kokudla okungazelelwe, noma ukuvuza kwe-vacuum. Impendulo esheshayo nenembile evela kusethi ephelele yezinzwa eziku-inthanethi ivumela opharetha nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuthi basabele ngokushesha, bazinzise inqubo futhi banciphise ubungozi bama-off-spec batches. Izinsimbi eziku-inthanethi ezithuthukisiwe azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokuhambisana kodwa futhi zithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yonke kanye nokubuyiselwa komkhiqizo kuzo zonke izitshalo zesimanje zokuhlanza i-acetic acid.
Ukufakwa Nokulungiselelwa Kokulinganisa Ukucindezela Okusemgqeni
Ukubekwa okunembile kwamadivayisi okulinganisa ingcindezi emugqeni kubalulekile ekulawuleni inqubo okuphumelelayo ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlanzweni kwe-glacial acetic acid. Ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwekholomu ye-acetic acid distillation evamile, ukubeka amathuluzi kuthinta isikhathi sokuphendula, ukuthembeka kwedatha, kanye nokwenza ngcono uhlelo. Izindawo zokufaka ezinconywayo zifaka phakathi izindawo zokukhipha umusi wamakholomu, imigqa ye-reboiler, ukubuyiselwa kwe-condenser, kanye nokuhlangana okubalulekile ngaphakathi kwemibhoshongo yokuphelelwa amanzi kanye nezihibe zokukhipha.
Ezindaweni zokukhipha umusi wekholomu, ama-inline pressure transmitters abamba ukushintshashintsha kwesikhathi sangempela esigabeni somusi, okuhambisana ngqo nokwakheka komkhiqizo kanye nobumsulwa. Lokhu kubekwa kuthuthukisa ukwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo yokucwilisa i-acetic acid ngokuvumela opharetha ukuthi baphendule ngokushesha ekuphazamisekeni kwengcindezi—okunciphisa ukubambezeleka phakathi kwezinguquko zenqubo kanye nokulungiswa kwesistimu. Kumasu okucwilisa i-vacuum, ikakhulukazi lapho kugxilwa i-glacial acetic acid, ukufaka ama-transmitter emigqeni ye-reboiler kusekela ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kwezinguquko zengcindezi ezisheshayo, okungabonisa ukungcola, ukuvuza, noma ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza komusi.
Ukufaka ama-transmitter angaphakathi emigqeni yokubuyisela i-condenser kuthuthukisa ukuqapha izinguquko zokucindezela okuguquguqukayo ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwesigaba esihlanganisiwe. Ukubekwa kahle lapha kuveza impendulo enembile kakhulu yokulawula ingcindezi yekholomu, ezwela kakhulu ekuhlanjululweni kwe-vacuum ukuze kugxilwe ku-acetic acid. Emibhoshongweni yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ama-transmitter aseduze nezindawo zokujova ukudla, izindawo zokuphuma komusi, kanye nemigqa yokudonsa eceleni kungakhanyisa amaphrofayili okucindezela abalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhlanjululwa kanye nokuthuthukisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwesitshalo.
Ukubekwa okulungiselelwe kunegalelo ngqo ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokulahlekelwa komkhiqizo okuncishisiwe. Ngokuphendula okusheshayo nokuthembekile kwengcindezi, abaqhubi bangaqinisa ukulawula imisebenzi ebucayi, basabela ekuphambukeni ngaphambi kokuba kukhule. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa kanye nevolumu yomkhiqizo ongekho ku-spec odinga ukulungiswa kabusha, kusekela izindlela zokuhlanza i-acetic acid yezimboni ngezinga. Ukuthola amadivayisi ezindaweni ezibalulekile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amapharamitha alinganisiwe ahambisana eduze nesimo sangempela senqubo, okwandisa inani lokulinganisa ingcindezi okuthuthukisiwe ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali.
Besekela lezi zindawo ngama-transmitter aqinile angaphakathi, onjiniyela bezitshalo bangakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokwethembeka izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi yenqubo ye-acetic acid. Ukufakwa okunesu kuqinisekisa izimpawu ezisheshayo zokulungiswa kokusebenza phakathi nesigaba ngasinye, ekugcineni kukhulisa isikhathi sokusebenza futhi kusekele ukukhiqizwa nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid okuqhubekayo nokusebenza kahle.
Isidluliseli Sokucindezela Esisemgqeni we-Lonnmeter
I-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitter yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid. Yakhelwe ukumelana namakhemikhali, isebenza ngokuthembeka ezindaweni ezinzima ezitholakala kumakholomu okuhluza i-acetic acid, imibhoshongo yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kanye namayunithi okuhluza nge-vacuum.
Isici esivelele impendulo esheshayo yedijithali yomthumeli. Leli khono lenza ngcono ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-acetic acid ngokuqinisekisa impendulo yengcindezi yesikhathi sangempela. Ukufundwa kwengcindezi okusheshayo kubalulekile ekuqapheni ingcindezi iyonke yamakholomu, kuzinzise izimo ze-vacuum ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa kwe-vacuum ukuze kugxilwe ku-acetic acid, futhi kuvumele ukulawulwa okunembile emibhoshongweni yokuphelelwa amanzi kwe-acetic acid ehlanzekile kakhulu.
Le divayisi ihambisana kakhulu namakhemikhali, isekela ukuchayeka kumhwamuko we-acetic acid ogxilile kanye nezinto zokuhlanza endaweni. Umklamo wayo oqinile uvikela izingxenye zokulinganisa ekugqwaleni, unciphisa ukukhukhuleka kwenzwa nezidingo zokugcinwa ezimweni zokusebenza okuqhubekayo ezivamile zezindlela zokuhlanza i-acetic acid zezimboni.
I-transmitter ye-Lonnmeter ihlangana kahle nezakhiwo zezitshalo ze-DCS kanye ne-PLC zanamuhla. Iqukethe izinqubo zokuxhumana zomhlaba wonke, ezenza kube lula ukuxhuma izintambo kanye nokufaka izintambo kumaphrojekthi amasha nokulungisa kabusha. Lokhu kususa ubunzima obuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuhlanganisa ama-transmitter e-analog endabuko ezinhlelweni zokulawula ezisatshalaliswayo, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okuphumelelayo lapho kulungiswa ukwakheka nokusebenza kwekholomu ye-acetic acid distillation. I-transmitter iyindlela yokufaka esikhundleni ngqo yama-transmitter engcindezi akudala noma e-Rosemount, okuqinisekisa ukufakwa okulula. Izitifiketi eziphelele zisekela ukuthunyelwa ezindaweni zamakhemikhali ezilawulwayo.
Imisebenzi yokuxilonga ethuthukisiwe ifakiwe, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo. Umthumeli uthola ngenkuthalo ukuphambuka kumaphrofayili okucindezela ajwayelekile, njengokwehla kwengcindezi okungalindelekile kumasekethe e-vacuum noma ukuphakama okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwenqubo. Lokhu kuxilonga kwedijithali kuvumela ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kwezikhukhula zekholomu, ukuvuza, noma ukwehluleka kwe-vacuum, okuyizimo ezivamile zokuxazulula izinkinga ezinhlelweni zokuncibilikisa i-acetic acid. Ama-alamu azenzakalelayo aletha isaziso esisheshayo, anciphisa ukuhlolwa ngesandla futhi avumele ukulungiswa okusebenzayo okuvimbela isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingahleliwe.
Ngokuhlanganisa ukulinganisa okusheshayo kwedijithali, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali aphezulu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesitshalo se-plug-and-play, i-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitter iyithuluzi elinembile nelithembekile lokulinganisa ukucindezela okuthuthukile ezinhlelweni zokucubungula amakhemikhali—kufaka phakathi izindlela zokulawula ukucindezela kwenqubo ye-acetic acid eziyinselele.
Inzuzo Yokusebenza Kahle Nokunciphisa Izindleko Ngezinsimbi Zanamuhla Ezingaphakathi
Izinsimbi zesimanje ezisemaceleni, njengochungechunge lweLonnmeter, zishintshe kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid. Ngokuhlanganisa ngokugcwele amamitha okuqina kwe-inline, izinzwa zokuhlushwa, kanye nama-level transmitters kumakholomu okuhluza kanye nemibhoshongo yokuphelelwa amanzi, izitshalo zibona ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezicini eziningi zokusebenza.
Ukuzinza kwenqubo kuwumphumela oqondile wokulinganiswa kwe-inline ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngamamitha obuningi be-Lonnmeter, impendulo eqhubekayo iqinisekisa ukwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo yokucwilisa i-acetic acid ngokugcina ukusebenza kwekholomu ngaphakathi kwemingcele efanele. Ubuningi kanye nokufundwa kokuhlushwa kuyatholakala ngokushesha, okuvumela izinhlelo zokulawula ukuthi zilungise izilinganiso ze-reflux, amazinga okushisa, kanye nezimo ze-vacuum, okubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuzinzile kumasu okucwilisa i-acetic acid vacuum cleaner. Lokhu kuphumela ekushintsheni okuncane, ukulawulwa okuqinile kokubili kwemininingwane yomkhiqizo we-overhead kanye ne-bottoms, kanye nengozi encane yokukhiqiza izinto ezingacacisiwe.
Ukulawula okuqinile nakho kuhunyushwa kube ukonga amandla okulinganisekayo. Ukulawula okunembe kakhulu kwengcindezi yekholomu kanye nokushisa kusho ukuthi kusetshenziswa amandla adingekayo kuphela ukuze kufudunyezwe futhi kuhlukaniswe. Empeleni, ukulinganisa okuqondile kuvumela abalawuli bengcindezi yenqubo—abasekelwa yizinto ezifakwayo ezivela kumathuluzi afana nama-pressure transmitters ahlelwe kusetshenziswa izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi yenqubo ye-acetic acid ezisunguliwe—ukunciphisa ukujika, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukusebenza kwe-reboiler ngokweqile noma i-vacuum pump. Ukonga amandla kuhlanganiswa nokukhiqizwa okuncishisiwe kwama-batch angekho ku-spec. Uhambo olumbalwa lusho ukuthi izinto ezincane ziyacutshungulwa kabusha noma zilahlwe, okuthinta ngqo umugqa ongezansi.
Ukuxilongwa okubikezelayo okunikwe amandla yilezi zinsimbi kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukugcinwa. Amamitha okuminyana kanye nokuhlushwa angaphakathi, njengochungechunge lweLonnmeter, abika njalo isimo sempilo kanye nokulinganisa. Abasebenzi bathola isixwayiso kusenesikhathi sokukhukhuleka kwenzwa noma ukungcola, okubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo ekuhluzweni kwe-vacuum ukuze kuhlungwe i-acetic acid kanye nezigaba zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ukugcinwa kuhlelwa ngokusekelwe esimweni semishini, hhayi ikhalenda elihleliwe, kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingalindelekile futhi kwandise impilo yempahla. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuxazulula izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhluzwa kwe-acetic acid kuba lula kakhulu, ngokulungiswa okuncane ngemva kweqiniso.
Ukwehliswa kwezindleko kuqiniswa ngezindlela eziningana. Ukulinganisa nokulawula ngesikhathi sangempela kususa isidingo sokuthatha amasampula ngesandla njalo, kunciphisa izidingo zomsebenzi kanye nengozi yamaphutha okuphatha amasampula. Izexwayiso zokubikezela zinciphisa ukuthembela ekulungisweni okuphuthumayo futhi zifinyeza ukuphazamiseka kwenqubo. Ukulahleka komkhiqizo kuncishisiwe ngoba impendulo enembile yobuningi iqinisekisa ukuthi ukushintshana phakathi kwamatangi omkhiqizo kwenziwa kahle, futhi ukuguquka okungekho ezingeni kuncishiswa kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kuphansi njengoba kusetshenziswa umusi noma i-vacuum edingekayo kuphela ukugcina izindawo ezibekiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvalwa okuncane okungahleliwe kusho ukuthi isitshalo sisebenzisa ngokugcwele amandla aso afakiwe.
Ngokuxhumanisa la mathuluzi ekwakhiweni kokulawula okusatshalaliswa kwesimanje, inzwa ngayinye—ubuningi, ukuhlushwa, izinga—inika idatha eqhubekayo ukuze kulungiswe ngokushesha futhi kuqashelwe. Umphumela uba uhlelo oluthembekile, olusebenzisa amandla kahle, nolungabizi kakhulu lwezindlela zokuhlanza i-acetic acid yezimboni, ikakhulukazi ezicelweni ezifuna ubumsulwa obukhulu noma ezisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhluza nge-vacuum. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kusekela ngqo ukuncintisana okuqhubekayo kwezitshalo kanye nokuhambisana nezidingo zekhwalithi eqinile ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali.
Thuthukisa izinhlelo zakho zokuhluza, ukuhlanza, kanye nokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni nge-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters, ezenzelwe ukulawula ingcindezi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukuphathwa kwengcindezi okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid, ikakhulukazi ezicelweni ezidinga kakhulu njengokwakhiwa kwekholomu yokuhluza i-acetic acid, ukuhluza nge-vacuum, kanye nokusebenza kombhoshongo wokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1. Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yenqubo kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwekholomu yokuhluza i-acetic acid?
Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yenqubo enembile kubalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwekholomu ye-acetic acid distillation ephumelelayo. Ukugcina ingcindezi ezinzile ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezibekiwe kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kokuhlukaniswa ngokugcina izingxenye zisesimweni sazo sokuguquguquka esihlosiwe. Ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kunciphisa izidingo zamandla zokubilisa kabusha nokujiya, okuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa komusi kanye nesidingo samanzi okupholisa. Ukulawula okuqinile kubalulekile futhi ekusebenzeni okuzinzile, kunciphisa umkhiqizo ongekho ku-spec futhi kusekele ukukhiqizwa nokuhlanzwa kwe-glacial acetic acid okuqhubekayo. Ama-inline transmitters ahlinzeka ngedatha yengcindezi yesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela izenzo zokulungisa ngokushesha kanye nokulungiswa kahle kokusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile.
2. Kungani ukuhluzwa kwe-vacuum kubalulekile ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlanzweni kwe-glacial acetic acid?
Ukuhluzwa kwe-vacuum kubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwe-glacial acetic acid ngoba kuvumela ukuhlukana kwenzeke emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kakhulu kwamaphuzu okubila emoyeni. Amazinga okushisa aphansi okusebenza ayadingeka ukuvimbela ukubola kokushisa kwe-acetic acid, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhloswe ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu. Izimo ze-vacuum ezilawulwa ngokucophelela nazo zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukusebenzisa ama-transmitter anembile okucindezela okuqondile kusekela amasu okuhluzwa kwe-vacuum ye-glacial acetic acid ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezela okuphansi kugcinwa ngaphandle kokushintshashintsha, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nobuqotho bemishini.
3. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Rosemount 3051 differential pressure transmitter ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali?
I-Rosemount 3051 differential pressure transmitter isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza i-acetic acid ngenxa yokunemba kwayo okuphezulu, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuqina. Inikeza ukufundwa kwengcindezi kwesikhathi sangempela, okunembile okusekela ukulinganiswa kwengcindezi okuthuthukisiwe ekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo kumakholomu okuhluza kanye nemibhoshongo yokuphelelwa amanzi ngokuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi balondoloze amaphrofayili engcindezi afanele, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe isivuno futhi kuncishiswe izingozi zokuphambuka kwengcindezi okuyingozi. Ukuthembeka kunciphisa nezikhawu zokulungisa kanye nezikhathi zokungasebenzi ezingahleliwe, kusekela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo okuphephile nokusebenzayo.
4. Kufanele kufakwe kuphi ama-inline pressure transmitter enqubweni yokuhluza i-acetic acid?
Ama-inline pressure transmitters kumele abekwe ngendlela efanele ukuze abambe i-pressure dynamics ebalulekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokucwilisa i-acetic acid. Amaphuzu abalulekile avamile afaka phakathi izindawo zokukhipha umusi phezulu kwamakholomu okucwilisa, ukuxhumeka kokuhlinzekwa ngomusi we-reboiler, izindawo zokungenisa ukudla kwamakholomu, kanye nasemakhanda nasemisileni yamakholomu. Ukubekwa kahle kuqinisekisa ukuqwashisa ngesikhathi sangempela nganoma yikuphi ukushintsha kwengcindezi okungase kubonise ukungazinzi, ukuvuza, noma ukungcola, okuvumela ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha kanye nokugcinwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
5Iyiphi indima edlalwa ukulinganisa ingcindezi ekuxazululeni izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhluza i-acetic acid?
Ukulinganisa ingcindezi kubalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zezinhlelo zokuhluza i-acetic acid. Idatha esheshayo nenembile evela kuma-inline pressure transmitters ikhomba izinkinga ezifana nokuvuza kwe-vacuum, ukungahambisani kokunikezwa kwe-steam, noma ukukhukhuleka kwekholomu. Isibonelo, ukwehla kwengcindezi yekhanda lekholomu kungabonisa ukuvuza komphunga, kuyilapho ingcindezi ephezulu engalindelekile ingase ibonise ukungcola noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-reboiler. Ukuhlonza ngokushesha izinkinga ezinjalo kugcina isivuno se-glacial acetic acid kanye nobumsulwa ku-target, kuvimbela isikhathi eside sokungasebenzi, futhi kwandise impilo yemishini—konke kubalulekile emisebenzini yokumisa amanzi emzimbeni ye-acetic acid kanye nemikhuba yokulungisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-15-2026
