Njengoba amanani kawoyela emhlabeni wonke enyuka futhi ukushintshela emandleni azinzile kushesha, ukukhiqizwa nokwamukelwa kwamafutha ahlukile njenge-ethanol, i-biodiesel, ne-butanol kufinyelele emazingeni angakaze abonwe. Lawa ma-biofuel awagcini nje ngokushintsha ingxube yamandla kodwa futhi adala izidingo eziphuthumayo zobuchwepheshe bokuzwela obuthuthukisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokuhlanganiswa kwamafutha, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Uma sibheka abakhiqizi be-ethanol kanye nabaphakeli njengesibonelo, inselele enkulu ilele ekugcineni uphethiloli uhambisana, ukuthuthukisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kanye nokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zomthetho.
Ngena eLonnmeter, umsunguli ohamba phambili kwezobuchwepheshe bokubona izinqubo, onesixazululo esisezingeni eliphezulu esenzelwe ukubhekana nalezi zinselele ngqo: i-patentedimitha yobuningi emugqeni. Yakhelwe izidingo ezishintshayo zemakethe kaphethiloli kanye nemakethe kaphethiloli ehlukile, lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bunikeza indlela eqinile nengabizi yokuqapha ikhwalithi kaphethiloli ngesikhathi sangempela.
Izinselele Ekukhiqizweni Kwe-Ethanol Yendabuko
Abakhiqizi be-biofuel abakhiqiza i-ethanol kaphethiloli kusuka ku-corn stover basebenzisa i-distillation yendabuko ngendlela evamile, besebenzisa ukulawula izinga lokushisa ukusika izingxenyana ze-ethanol. Kodwa-ke, ukungcola ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezifana ne-methanol nama-ester kuvame ukubangela ukuhwamuka kokungcola okubalulekile ngesikhathi sokuhluzwa. Isibonelo, i-methanol iyahwamuka endaweni yokubila engu-64.7°C ngaphambi kwe-ethanol bese ixubana nengxenye ye-ethanol.
Izinhlelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa azikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngempumelelo i-ethanol ne-methanol kanye nokunye ukungcola, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu kokuhlanzeka kwe-ethanol okuqediwe kanye nokuvuselelwa njalo.
Ukungcola Okuholela Emaphutheni Okumsulwa
Uma okuqukethwe kwe-methanol ku-alcohol eluhlaza yokubilisa kuphakeme kuno-1.5%), ingxube yamanzi e-ethanol-methanol iyahwamuka ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-ethanol emsulwa kuyilapho izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwekholomu yokuhluza lifinyelela ku-78.3 °C. Ngakho-ke, ubuningi bengxube ye-ternary bungaphansi kakhulu kunenani eliqondiwe elingu-0.80 g/cm³. Izinhlelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa azikwazi ukubona lokhu kungafani futhi ziqhubeke nokukhipha okuvamile, okuholela emikhiqizweni eqediwe enokuqukethwe kwe-methanol okweqile.
Ukungenelela Kwesandla Okuhlehlisiwe
Ukusampula nokuhlolwa kobuningi be-manual kuthatha ukulibaziseka kwemizuzu engama-20 ngemuva kokusampula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amathani angu-5-8 e-ethanol engahambisani kungenzeka ukuthi asekhishwe kakade, futhi ukulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela kwesilinganiso se-reflux akunakwenzeka, okuholela ekuzinzeni kwenqubo okungekuhle.
Izixazululo zeLonnmeter Zokuqapha Ikhwalithi Ye-Biofuel
Ukuqapha Okunembile Kakhulu Ngesikhathi Sangempela
Ukulinganiswa kobuningi besikhathi sangempela ngobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi beLonnmeter kwenza kube lula ukuhlaziya okunembile izingxenye zikaphethiloli. Imitha yobuningi beCoriolis ilinganisa ubuningi besisindo ngemvamisa yokudlidliza koketshezi, ifinyelele ukunemba okungu-±0.001 g/cm³. Ingahlukanisa umehluko wobuningi phakathi kwe-ethanol, amanzi, i-methanol, nezinye izingxenye ngesikhathi, igweme ukwahlulela okungalungile kobumsulwa okubangelwa ukuhwamuka kwe-methanol ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lendabuko.
Imitha yokulinganisa ubuningi befoloko yokulungisa, enokunemba okungu-±0.001 g/cm³, ivumelana notshwala obuqinile obungaphansi kuka-2000 CP ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Okwamanje, isinxephezelo sokushisa esakhelwe ngaphakathi silungisa imiphumela ebangelwa ukuguquguquka kobuningi kanye nokushisa, kanye nama-alamu kusengaphambili ngokuqapha ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kokuguquguquka kobuningi (σ), okuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwedatha okuthembekile kokulawula inqubo.
Ukulawula Okuvaliwe Okunamandla
Izixazululo zeLonnmeter zithola ukwenziwa ngcono okunamandla kwamapharamitha enqubo ngokusebenzisa i-logic yokulawula ezenzakalelayo. Imingcele yobuningi obusethwe kusengaphambili ibangela izindlela zokuxhumanisa. Isibonelo, khulisa isilinganiso se-reflux ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ubuningi be-ethanol distillation buphezulu kakhulu noma ulungise ivolumu yokukhipha lapho ubuningi buphansi kakhulu.
Umklamo Wokusebenza Okungaphazamisi Nokuthembeka
Ibhekana nobunzima bezimo zezimboni, imishini yeLonnmeter inezinto ezingagqwali kanye nemiklamo engaqhumi. Izinto ezifana neHastelloy kanye ne-titanium alloy zimelana nemidiya eqinile egqwali njenge-methanol ne-acetic acid, zandisa impilo yemishini ibe yiminyaka engu-8-10—isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe kabili-kathathu kunensimbi engagqwali yendabuko.
Imiklamo yesiteshi sokugeleza esivimbela ukuvaleka inciphisa izingozi zokugcina uketshezi olunamandla aphezulu. Izitifiketi ezingaqhumi zifanelana nezindawo ezivuthayo neziqhumayo, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa elibanzi (-40 °C ~ 150 °C) lihlanganisa izimo ezimbi kakhulu kusukela ekubandeni kwe-Arctic kuya ekushiseni okushisayo, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile.
Isicelo Esiguquguqukayo
Amamitha okuqina angaphakathi asebenza kuyo yonke i-fuel production, storage, transportation, kanye ne-application chain. Ekuhluzweni kwe-bioethanol, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela kwe-column top density kwenza kube lula ukusika i-ethanol emsulwa engu-95%. Ekuhluzweni kwe-petrochemical vacuum, ukusika kwe-dynamic fraction by density kunciphisa ukugoqana kusuka ku-15% kuya ngaphansi kuka-5%, okwandisa isivuno ngo-8%. Ekugcinweni nasekuthuthweni kwe-fuel, idatha ye-density iguqula ukugeleza kwe-volumetric kube ukugeleza kwe-mass, igweme amaphutha okulinganisa abangelwa izinga lokushisa futhi iqinisekise ukulungiswa kokuhweba okufanelekile. Ekuhlolweni kwe-fuel yezindiza, izixwayiso zokungcola ngesikhathi sangempela ziqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-density.
Ukuhlanganiswa Okuhlakaniphile Nokuphathwa Kwedatha:
Imishini yeLonnmeter isekela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things), okuvumela ukuqapha okukude, ukulandelelwa kwedatha, kanye nokugcinwa kokubikezela ngamapulatifomu efu. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwekhwalithi kaphethiloli kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokuncintisana emakethe.
Xhumana nathi namuhla ukuze ujabulele izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zamahhala, lapho ithimba lochwepheshe lizoklama izinhlelo zokuqapha ubuningi obukhethekile ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho zenqubo kanye nezinhlobo zikaphethiloli; abafakizicelo bokuqala abayi-100 bangathola namasampula wamahhala alinganiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemishini kanye nokusebenza kwayo ezivivinyweni zangempela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-06-2025
