Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 iqukethe i-chromium engu-18–20%, i-nickel engu-8–10.5%, kanye ne-manganese engaphansi kuka-2%. Insimbi engagqwali engu-201 iqukethe i-chromium engu-16–18%, i-nickel engu-3.5–5.5%, kanye ne-manganese engu-5–7.5% ephezulu. I-nitrogen iphakeme ngo-201 (kufika ku-0.25%) uma kuqhathaniswa ne-304 (kufika ku-0.10%). I-nickel ephezulu ku-304 ivumela ukumelana okukhulu kokugqwala kanye nesakhiwo esizinzile se-austenitic. Ukwanda kwe-manganese ne-nitrogen ngo-201 kubuyisela izakhiwo zamandla kodwa kunciphisa ukumelana kokugqwala uma kuqhathaniswa ne-304.
Insimbi Engagqwali engu-304 vs 201
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| Ibanga | I-Cr (%) | I-Ni (%) | Mn (%) | N (%) | C (%) |
| 304 | 18-20 | 8-10.5 | ≤2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.08 |
| 201 | 16-18 | 3.5-5.5 | 5-7.5 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 |
Umthelela Wezinto Ezihlanganisiwe Ezimpahleni Zezinto Ezibonakalayo
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nickel kwe-304 kuqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinile, ikakhulukazi lapho kutholakala i-acidic noma i-chloride, kanye nokushibilika okuphezulu. I-chromium ephezulu yakha ungqimba lwe-oxide olungasebenzi, oluvikela i-304 ekushisweni yi-oxidation. Ngo-201, i-manganese ne-nitrogen ziphikisana nokunciphisa kwe-nickel, kwehlisa izindleko kodwa futhi kuholela ekumelaneni nokugqwala okumaphakathi kuphela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezinosawoti. I-304 ifinyelela amandla okuthamba azungeze i-520 MPa, ikhiqiza amandla aseduze ne-215 MPa, kanye nokunwebeka ku-50%. I-201 inesivuno esiphezulu (275 MPa), ithamba (kufika ku-535 MPa), kodwa ithamba liphansi (~45%), okubangela ukuqhekeka okukhulu.
Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Kwemishini
Isivuno esikhulu sika-201 kanye namandla okuthamba kuvumela izingxenye eziqinile ezicindezelwe noma ezakhiwe ngokubanda, kodwa ukunwebeka okulinganiselwe kunciphisa ukwakheka okujulile kokwelula; imifantu inamathuba amaningi ekugobeni okuyinkimbinkimbi. Isivuno esiphansi sika-304 kodwa ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kusekela ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukushintshwa okuvumelanayo, kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo ecwengekile.
Ukumelana Nokugqwalakanye nokufaneleka kohlelo lokusebenza
Ukumelana Nokugqwala Ezindaweni Ezihlukahlukene
Insimbi engagqwali 304 idlula i-201 ekumelaneni nokugqwala ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-nickel ne-chromium—8–10.5% Ni kanye ne-18–20% Cr uma kuqhathaniswa ne-3.5–5.5% Ni kanye ne-16–18% Cr ngo-201. Ekuhlolweni kokufuthwa ngosawoti, i-201 yathola ukugqwala okunsundu zingakapheli amahora angama-24, kuyilapho i-304 ingakhombisi ushintsho olukhulu, ngisho nangemva kwamahora angama-72, okuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwayo ekudleni, kwezokwelapha, kanye nasezindaweni zasolwandle. Insimbi engagqwali 201 imelana nokugqwala ezimweni ezinomswakama ophansi, zangaphakathi kodwa yehluleka ngokushesha ezindaweni ezine-acidic, saline, noma ezinomswakama.
Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile Nezidingo Zokusebenza
I-304 ibusa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqina kanye nokuhlanzeka: imishini yasekhishini yezentengiselwano, amasinki, imishini yokudla, kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha (i-304 imelana nokugqwala futhi igcina ukupholisha). I-201 ithola ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yabathengi, amaphaneli okuhlobisa, izindlu zemishini, kanye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi lapho izidingo zemishini ziphakathi nendawo futhi ukuchayeka ezintweni ezigqwalisayo kuncane.
Izingozi Zokuhlonza Okungalungile Emkhakheni Wokukhiqiza Nokuhlinzeka Ngempahla
Ukukhetha okungalungile kwebanga lensimbi engagqwali kuholela ekuhlulekeni komkhiqizo okusheshayo. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nickel ne-chromium kwebanga 304 kuqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kanye nobuqotho bemishini. Uma i-201 ithathelwa indawo i-304, ikakhulukazi ekudleni, kwezokwelapha, noma olwandle, kwenzeka ukugqwala, umgodi, kanye nokuwohloka kwesakhiwo. Izimangalo zewaranti kanye nezinhlawulo zokuthobela imithetho zivela ngokushintsha, okuthinta abakhiqizi kanye nabaphakeli. Izinsimbi mbumbulu nezibhalwe kabi zivame kakhulu ezinkambisweni zokuphakelwa ezihamba ngokushesha, okudala isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuqinisekiswa kwe-alloy okungonakalisi futhi okunembile.
Izindlela Zokuhlonza Ezivamile
Ukuhlonza ngesandla kuncike ekuphenduleni kukazibuthe kanye nokuhlolwa kwamabala amakhemikhali. Ibanga 304, elinokuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-nickel, lingaphansi kuka-201. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi obandayo noma i-residual magnetism yenza le ndlela ingathembeki. Ukuhlolwa kokuwa kwe-asidi kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-chromium, kodwa ukuchazwa komphumela kungokomuntu siqu futhi akuguquguquki. Zombili izindlela zehluleka ukuhlukanisa izakhi ze-alloy ngobuningi noma ukuqinisekisa ukunemba lapho ukwakheka kwe-alloy kuseduze noma izindawo zingcolisiwe.
Isixazululo Esithuthukisiwe: I-XRF Material Analyzer Yokuqinisekisa Insimbi Engagqwali
Indlela i-XRF Alloy Analyzer esebenza ngayo
I-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) ikhipha ama-X-ray ayisisekelo kusampula yensimbi engagqwali eqinile, okubangela ukuthi izakhi ze-alloy zikhanye eziqongweni zamandla ezithile zezakhi. I-analyzer ibamba lezi zimpawu futhi ibone ngokushesha okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwezakhi ze-alloy ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa i-chromium, i-nickel, i-manganese, i-nitrogen, kanye ne-iron. Ukuhlaziywa okugcwele kudinga okungaphansi kuka3Imizuzwana engu-0 ngesampula ngayinye, ayibhubhisi nhlobo, futhi ayishintshi isakhiwo noma ubuso bengxenye yokuhlola.
Izici kanye nezinzuzo of I-Lonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyzer
Idizayini ephathekayo yale divayisi esebenzisa ibhethri iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwasensimini nangaphakathi kwesitshalo. Isikrini sayo sokuthinta isikrini sisekela ukusebenza okusheshayo kanye nemibiko eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, ephrintekayo. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngqo ezihlokweni eziqinile, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, okuphezulu. Ukunemba kokutholwa kweLonnmeter (<±0.2% wezinto ezibalulekile) isebenza kangcono kunezindlela zendabuko ezifana nokuhlolwa kwamagnetic kanye nokuhlolwa kwamabala, okuvame ukungahlukanisi amazinga lapho amazinga e-manganese noma i-nitrogen ehluka.
Isiphakamiso Senani Labasebenzisi Abangochwepheshe
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinga leqembu kanye nokubika okusheshayo kunciphisa imijikelezo yokuhlola ngaphezu kuka-60%. Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi edijithali ngokulandelela amasampula ahlukile kuthuthukisa ukulandelelwa kokuhlolwa kanye nokuhambisana nomhlinzeki. Ukuhlonza i-alloy okuqhubekayo kuvimbela izingxabano zewaranti kanye nokwehluleka kokusebenza okuphansi.
Cela Isilinganiso kanye Nokubonisana Nochwepheshe
Xhumana ukuze uthole ukuboniswa okulungiselelwe kanye nokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kwe-Lonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyzer.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
Izakhi ze-alloy zithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwensimbi engagqwali?
I-nickel ephezulu ku-304 izinzisa isakhiwo esincane, ithuthukisa ukwakheka, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali anolaka. Ngo-201, ukwanda kwe-manganese ne-nitrogen kushintsha kancane i-nickel, kwandisa amandla nokuqina kodwa kunciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Okuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungaphezu kuka-18% kukhulisa kakhulu ukuqina kwe-304 ngokumelene ne-oxidation, okwenza ihluke ku-201 ukuze isetshenziswe ngokudingayo.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizuza kakhulu ekuhlonzeni ibanga okunembile?
Imikhakha yokwakha, imishini yokudla, imishini yezokwelapha, kanye neyokukhiqiza idinga ukuqinisekiswa kwebanga okuthembekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho, ukugwema izimangalo zewaranti, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa kokugcina. Ukukhetha ibanga okufanele kuthuthukisa izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezizwela ukugqwala noma ukuhlanzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-26-2026
