Ama-turbine anomusi ezitshalweni zamandla nasemafektri asebenzisa uwoyela wokugcoba ukuze asebenze kahle isikhathi eside ngisho nasezimweni zokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokushisa. Ukulinganiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity kawoyela wokugcoba kunquma isikhathi sokuphila, isikhathi sokuphuka kanye nezindleko zokulungisa ngezinga elithile.
Umsebenzi kanye nokubaluleka kwamafutha okuthambisa
Amafutha okugcobaifeza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile, iqala ngomsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokudala ungqimba oluncane noluqinile phakathi kwama-shaft ajikelezayo, ama-bearings, namagiya, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana okungase kukhule kube ukuguguleka okukhulu kwemishini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uketshezi luhamba phambili ekuphathweni kokushisa ngokumunca nokudlulisa ukushisa okweqile okudalwe ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwejubane eliphezulu, okuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile futhi kulondoloze ubuqotho besakhiwo kulo lonke i-turbine assembly.
Ukugcotshwa kweTurbine
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Izakhiwo zayo zokuvala ziphinde zifake isandla ngokugcwalisa izikhala ezincane kakhulu ukuvimba ukungena komoya noma ukungcola, kuyilapho izithasiselo zayo ezilwa nokugqwala zakha izithiyo zokuvikela ekuwohlokeni kwe-oxidative kanye nokwakheka kokugqwala ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezisengozini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isenzo sokuhlanza uwoyela sisusa izinhlayiya, amadiphozithi e-varnish, kanye nodaka oluqongelela emikhiqizweni yokusebenza, sigcina ukuhlanzeka kwangaphakathi kanye nezindlela ezingavimbelwe. Ezimweni ze-hydraulic, idlulisela amandla kahle ukuze iqhube ama-valve okulawula kanye nababusi, iqinisekise ukulawulwa okunembile kwesivinini se-turbine kanye nokuphendula komthwalo.
Kungani Ukulinganisa Okunembile Kubalulekile
Ukuphambuka okuncane ekuqineni kwamafutha e-lube kungaholela ezingozini ezinkulu zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke ukulawulwa okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity kuvela njengento engaxoxiswana ngayo yokugcina ubuqotho befilimu yokugcoba ethwala imithwalo emikhulu ngaphandle kokuntengantenga. Lokhu kunemba kuhlobene ngqo nokuncipha kokuguguleka ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile njenge-thrust bearings kanye nama-journals, ukwandisa izikhawu zesevisi kanye nokunciphisa imvamisa yokuhlolwa okuhlaselayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhuthaza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ngokwenza ngcono ukuguquguquka koketshezi ngaphakathi kohlelo, okuvumela ukudluliselwa kwamandla okushelelayo kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi kwezinambuzane okungase kukhulise izindleko zokusebenza.
AokuphambeneEumphumela Caui-sedby Ukuqina Okuphansivs. Ukujiya Okuphezulu
Uma i-viscosity iwela ngaphansi kwemingcele efanele, ukuncipha kongqimba lwamafutha okubangelwa yilokhu kumema ukuqhekeka kwefilimu, okuveza izindawo ezithintana ngqo okusheshisa ukuguguleka okugugulekayo futhi okungenzeka kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwamabhere noma ekubekweni kweshaft. Kudingeka ukumiswa okusheshayo kokulungisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuwohloka kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuguguleka kwemishini.
Uwoyela onamathelayo kakhulu ubeka umthwalo ongafanele kumaphampu okujikeleza kwegazi, okubangela ukumelana okukhulu okukhulisa izidingo zamandla futhi kukhiqize ukwakheka kokushisa okwengeziwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ukwakheka kwe-oxidation kanye ne-varnish okulandelayo kuholela ekucindezelweni okubanzi kwesistimu, okuhlanganisa ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa okuphezulu kokukhishwa.
Ububanzi Obufanele Bokunamathela Kwamafutha Okugcotshwa Esiteshini Samandla Se-Steam Turbine
Ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni zemboni kanye nemininingwane yomkhiqizi we-turbine, indawo enhle yokugcoba i-viscosity kawoyela kuma-turbine omusi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa amazinga e-ISO viscosity angu-32 kuya ku-68, okuhambisana ne-kinematic viscosities engaba ngu-28.8 kuya ku-74.8 centistokes kuma-degree Celsius angu-40, okuhambisana namazinga okushisa ajwayelekile okusebenza kanye namazinga okusika atholakala kulezi zinhlelo. Lolu hlu luqinisekisa ukujiya okwanele kwefilimu yokuthwala umthwalo ngenkathi kusiza ukupompa okusebenzayo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokushisa, ngokulungiswa okuvame ukwenziwa kwemiklamo ethile ye-turbine noma izimo ze-ambient ukuze kugcinwe ukugeleza ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuvikelwa. Emaphrojekthini ethu okwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela, ukukhetha uwoyela ngaphakathi kwalesi bracket, kanye nokuqinisekiswa okuqhubekayo, kuye kwabonakala kuwusizo ekuvumelaniseni ukusebenza kuzo zonke izisetho ezahlukahlukene, kusukela kumayunithi ezimboni amancane kuya kuma-turbine amakhulu.
Izinselele Ekulinganisweni Kokugoba Kwendabuko
Izindlela ezivamile ezisekelwe elabhorethri zokuhlola ukujiya kwamafutha, ezincike ekuthathweni kwesampula njalo kanye nokuhlaziywa ngaphandle kwendawo, ngokwemvelo zihlushwa ukuntuleka kokushesha kokutholwa kwedatha, okubambezela ukuhlonza amaphutha avelayo futhi kuvumela izinkinga ezincane ukuba ziphenduke izinkinga ezinkulu ngaphambi kokungenelela. Okwenza lokhu kube nzima nakakhulu, ukungalungi okuvela kumasu okuthatha amasampula angaguquki—njengokungcola ngesikhathi sokukhipha noma ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuthutha—kuqhubeka nokuphazamisa ukuthembeka kwemiphumela, kuyilapho izindleko ezihambisanayo zemishini ekhethekile kanye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe zinciphisa isabelomali ngaphandle kokunikeza imbuyiselo elinganayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindlela zikhuthaza amaphakethe edatha ahlukanisiwe amelana nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuqapha izitshalo ezibanzi, okuvimbela ukubhekwa okuphelele, futhi ahluleke ukubamba izinguquko ezishintshashintshayo ngesikhathi sezikhathi zesikhashana njengezinkampani ezintsha noma izinguquko zomthwalo, okushiya abaqhubi bengaboni ukushintshashintsha kwesikhathi sangempela.
Izinkinga Ezivamile Ekugcotshweni Kwe-Steam Turbine
Phakathi kwezithiyo eziphindaphindayo ekugcotshweni kwe-turbine, ukungena kwamanzi kuvelele njengosongo olusakazekile, okuhlanganisa uwoyela ukuze kuphazamiseke ukuqhekeka kwawo futhi kusheshiswe ukugqwala, okuvame ukubhebhethekiswa ukwehluleka kwe-seal noma ukuvuza kwe-condenser okudinga ukuqapha okuqaphile ukuze kuvinjelwe. Ukuqongelela kwe-varnish, okuvela ekuwohlokeni kokushisa kanye ne-oxidation, kuvala izihlungi futhi kufake ama-servo valve, kuphazamisa ukulawulwa kwe-hydraulic futhi kudingeke ukuhlanzwa njalo noma ukuhlanza uwoyela ukuze kubuyiselwe ukusebenza. Ukungcola kwezinhlayiya ezivela emfucumfucwini egugile noma uthuli lwemvelo kwandisa ukugqwala, kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokuhlunga eziqinile ekwandiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha.
Funda Ngamamitha Obuningi Engeziwe
Amamitha Ezinqubo Engeziwe Ku-inthanethi
Ungalinganisa Kanjani Ukuqina Kwamafutha Okugcotshwa Esiteshini Samandla Se-Steam Turbine?
Ukuphendulaindlela yokukala i-viscosity kawoyelakuhilela ububanzi bamasu, kusukela ezindleleni ze-kinematic ezisebenzisa amashubhu e-capillary ukunquma amazinga okugeleza ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi. Ezimweni zezitshalo zamandla, ama-viscometer aphathekayo anikeza ukulula endaweni yokuhlola okuqondile, kuyilapho amayunithi ebhentshini ezenzakalelayo enikeza ukunemba okuphezulu ngokusebenzisa amabhati okushisa alawulwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kubhekwe ngokuphelele, ukushintshela kumathuluzi angaphakathi ahlala elinganisa i-viscosity ngqo endleleni yokugeleza kumelela ukuqhubekela phambili, kususa ukucwaswa kwesampula nokuletha impendulo esheshayo.
I-Viscometer yamafutha eLonnmeter
Yakhelwe izinkundla zezimboni ezifuna kakhulu, iLonnmeterithuluzi lokulinganisa i-viscosity kawoyelaisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlidliza, lapho i-resonator elungisiwe ecwiliswe oketshezini i-oscillate ngemvamisa yemvelo, kanye nomphumela wokudambisa ohambisana ne-viscosity, okuvumela ukubalwa okunembile ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezihambayo ezingagugi. Lesi simiso siqinisekisa ukunemba okuphezulu kuzo zonke izigaba ezibanzi, ukuzinza okuqinile phakathi kokwehluka kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokuthembeka okungaguquki ngisho nasezilungiselelweni ezihlukumezayo noma ezicindezelayo ezivamile ezindaweni ze-turbine.
Izinzuzo Zokulinganisa Ukuqina Okuqondile
Ukwamukela ukuhlolwa kwe-viscosity okuqondile kuvula uhlu lwezinzuzo, okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwazo ukuhlinzekwa kwemithombo yedatha engaphazanyiswa evumela izimpendulo ezisheshayo ekushintsheni kwempahla ewuketshezi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukulindela amaphutha futhi kuncishiswe ukungasebenzi kahle kwamandla ngokulungisa kahle ukujikeleza kukawoyela ukuze kuncishiswe ukudonsa nokwakheka kokushisa, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziqondiwe kunokulungisa kabusha okuhlanganisiwe. Ukuhlanganiswa nengqalasizinda ekhona yokuzenzakalela kwandisa umthelela wayo, kukhulisa umbono ohlangene osekela ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe kokubikezela isikhathi eside kanye nokwabiwa kwezinsiza.
Ukuqina kwamafutha okugcoba ezimbonini kulinganiswa ku-ama-centistokes noma amayunithi afanayo, abonisa izici zokugeleza kwawo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile.Indlela iLonnmeter echaza ngayoimitha yokuthambisela uwoyela we-lubeingaguqula ukuphathwa kwakho kwe-viscosity, icele isilinganiso esenziwe ngokwezifiso namuhla futhi ithole izixazululo ezenzelwe wena ezihambisana nezidingo zakho zokusebenza, ezisekelwa ukwesekwa kochwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni nasekuhlanganisweni.
