Ukuqina kodaka lwe-ceramic kusebenza njengesango eliyinhloko lekhwalithi yokubumba; kulawula inqubo yokumboza kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo esilandelayo segobolondo. Njengesilinganiso sokumelana nokugeleza, ukuqina kunquma ukusebenzisana okuguquguqukayo phakathi kodaka kanye nephethini ye-wax, ngokuyisisekelo kulawula umphumela wokubekwa kwesendlalelo.
I. Isidingo Sokunemba Emisebenzini Yokusungula
Ukutshala Imali: Isingeniso Somqondo kanye Nobudlelwano Nokuthungwa Kwe-Wax Elahlekile
Indlela yokukhiqiza eqashelwa emhlabeni wonke njengokufaka imali ekutshalweni kwezimali iyitshe lesisekelo lokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zesimanje ezinemininingwane ephezulu, okuletha izingxenye ezinobungcweti obukhethekile bokusebenza kanye nobunzima bejometri. Le ndlela yezimboni ilandelela ukuzalwa kwayo emkhubeni wasendulo wokufaka i-wax elahlekile, inqubo ethatha izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sihlala siwukudala iphethini ye-wax yomhlatshelo encibilikiswa kamuva ukuze kudalwe umgodi wensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ngokomlando, umkhuba wokuqala,ukulahla i-wax okulahlekile, ngokuvamile kwakuhilela isikhunta esiyisisekelo esenziwe nge-beeswax nobumba, ngokuvamile esifanela ubucwebe noma ubuciko bokuhlobisa.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali
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Nokho, umkhuba wanamuhla umelela indlela esetshenziswe ngomshini futhi elawulwa kakhulu. Amagama abonisa lolu shintsho:kuyini ukutshalwa kwezimaliiyazihlukanisa ngokugxila esinyathelweni esibalulekile "sokutshala imali" iphethini ye-wax endaweni ekhethekilei-ceramic casting slurry, ekugcineni eyakha igobolondo lobumba eliqinile, elishisa kakhulu. Izimboni zanamuhla zokusekela izisekelo zisebenzisainqubo yokutshala imaliukukhiqiza amayunithi anobukhulu obuphezulu, izindonga ezincane, kanye nokubekezelelana okuqinile kunezindlela ezindala, okuvame ukuqeda isidingo somshini omkhulu wokugaya ngemuva kokukhipha.
Ukukhomba Izinselele Zemboni Ebanzi Lapho Ukulawula Okunembile Kubaluleke Kakhulu
Naphezu kokunemba okungokwemvelo kwale nqubo, ukugcina ukuhambisana ekukhiqizeni okunomthamo omkhulu, okunenani eliphezulu kuletha izinselele eziqhubekayo. Emikhakheni efuna amazinga aqinile, noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka esigabeni sokwakha igobolondo kuholela ngqo ekuhlulekeni kwezingxenye okungenzeka kube yinhlekelele noma amazinga okulahla abhubhisayo ngokomnotho.
Inselele eyodwa eyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bezinto ezibonakalayo. Lapho kukhiqizwa ama-superalloy athuthukile, ikhwalithi yegobolondo le-ceramic kumele ivimbele ukusabela kwe-interfacial futhi inciphise ukugoba, okuthinta ngqo amandla okudonseka kwengxenye yokugcina kanye nezakhiwo zemishini. Inselele yesibili ebalulekile ukuphatha izindleko zobunzima. Izindleko zamathuluzi ezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ziphezulu ekuqaleni, futhi izinto ngokwazo ziyabiza. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphutha okukhipha avela kumagobolondo anephutha aholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezezimali kanye nokunciphisa umkhiqizo jikelele. Isidingo sokufakwa kwenqubo okuqondile, okuqhutshwa idatha, kunokuhlolwa ngesandla okuzimele, kuqhuba inselele enkulu embonini yokufeza ukuphindaphindeka okuqhubekayo kanye nokuma okujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa izikhathi zokuhola ezinde ezihlotshaniswa nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokugijima okukhulu kokukhiqiza. Isibopho sokusebenza sezindawo zokusekela zanamuhla ukufeza amaphutha angenalutho, futhi ubuqotho begobolondo le-ceramic buyindlela eyodwa eya kulowo mgomo.
Ukuvela kokubumba kwezimboni zesimanje—ukuphatha izingxenye ezinkulu kanye nama-alloy anokucindezeleka okuphezulu—kuye kwaqinisa ukugxila enkambisweni yokumboza igobolondo. Njengoba iphutha lengxenye ku-implant yezokwelapha noma i-blade yenjini yendiza lingabekezeleleki, ukuzinza kwegobolondo le-ceramic kumele kube okuphelele. Ungqimba lokuqala lwe-i-ceramic slurry yokulahla i-wax elahlekileNgakho-ke, isebenza njengesici esiyinhloko sekhwalithi yezingxenye ezilandelayo, okwenza ukulawulwa kwayo kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke iketanga lokukhiqiza.
II. Isayensi Yesihlabathi Sokuphonsa Se-Ceramic
I-Ceramic Casting Slurry: Ukwakheka kanye ne-Rheological Foundation
Ii-slurry yobumba yokutshala imaliiyi-colloidal suspension eklanywe kahle kakhulu eyenzelwe ukudlulisa imininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi yephethini ye-wax ibe yi-ceramic mold eqinile. Luhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi, olunezigaba eziningi olunezici zalo zokusebenza—ezaziwa ngokuthi i-rheology—ezichazwa ukulinganisela ngokucophelela kwezinto zalo eziwuketshezi neziqinile.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko kanyeImpi-ortanceof Cei-ramic IsiSlurry
Ubudlelwano obusebenzayo phakathi kwezingxenye ze-slurry kanye ne-viscosity buqondile futhi buyaqhubeka. Izinguquko ekugxileni, isakhiwo, noma ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwanoma yiziphi izingxenye zizoshintsha ngokushesha indlela yokugeleza kwe-slurry.
Izinto Ezivuselelayo (Okuqukethwe Okuqinile):Lezi zakha i-matrix yesakhiwo segobolondo. Izinto ezivamile, ezikhethiwe ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kokushisa, zifaka phakathi i-Zircon, i-Fused Silica, i-Alumina, kanye ne-Aluminosilicates njenge-mullite noma i-calcinated kyanite. Ukuhlushwa kwalezi zinto eziqinile kunethonya elikhulu ekuziphatheni kwesistimu. Ngezimbobo zobuso ezinemininingwane ephezulu, usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-izinto zobumba eziphikisayoincane kakhulu, ivame ukuba ne-mesh engu-600 (27 μm) noma ngaphansi. I-geometry yobuso balezi zinhlayiya, njenge-cornundum powder emise okwe-lash, yenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukushelela kobuso be-face-coat nokuthuthukisa ukungamanzi ngokumelene nama-superalloys, okusiza ukuvimbela ukusabela kokuxhumana phakathi kwegobolondo nensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ukuqina kungumsebenzi oqondile walokhu kulayisha okuqinile okuhle.
Izihlanganisi (Uketshezi Oluphakathi):Ama-binder, ngokuvamile izixazululo ze-colloidal silica noma i-ethyl silicate, asebenza njengendawo yoketshezi kanye ne-cementing agent. Asiza "ukuphuma okumanzi" kwephethini ye-wax futhi avale izinhlayiya eziphikisayo endaweni yazo ngemva kokoma. Ukuqina kwe-binder kubhekwa ngokuqukethwe kwayo okuqinile kanye ne-pH. Ukuqina kwe-slurry yokugcina kuncike kakhulu ekuqineni nasezicini zokumiswa kwe-colloidal.
Izithasiselo:Kufakwe amaphakheji amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza. Ama-dispersants, njenge-HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose), asetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwemicu noma izinhlayiya futhi kwandise ukuzinza kanye nokujiya kokumiswa. Ama-gelling agents kanye nezinhlanganisela ezikhethekile zezinto ezijikisayo—njengokusebenzisa izinto ezijikisayo nezincane kakhulu kanye nenye elula, eqinile—zisetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezijikisayo ziya phansi ukuze zakhe ubuso besikhunta obubushelelezi nobunembile. Lo mklamo wesistimu oyinkimbinkimbi uqokomisa ubunzima bokulawulwa kwe-rheological, lapho ngisho nokushintshashintsha okuncane kwezilinganiso zezingxenye kungalimaza ukuziphatha kokumiswa noma kokumiswa okuklanyelwe.
Ukuqonda Ukuziphatha Okungeyona I-Newtonian Kwe-Slurries
Ama-slurry e-Foundry ayizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezingezona eze-Newtonian, okusho ukuthi i-viscosity yazo iyashintsha kuye ngesivinini sokusika (isb., isivinini sokuxubha) esisetshenziswayo. Ngokuvamile zibonisa izici zokunciphisa ukunqunywa. I-viscosity ngokwayo iyisilinganiso sobuningi bokumelana okungokwemvelo koketshezi nokugeleza kanye nokuguquguquka.
Inkinga ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni okuqhubekayo ukuthi izingxenye zoketshezi (amanzi noma izinyibilikisi) ziyashintshashintsha kakhulu. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka, ezinye izindawo zokusekela kumele zigcine amazinga okushisa okushuba emazingeni aphansi kakhulu noma acishe abe ngaphansi kakhulu, njenge--93 ℃. Kodwa-ke, ezisetshenziswayo eziningi, ukuhwamuka kuyinto eqhubekayo egxila njalo ezintweni eziqinile eziphikisayo kanye ne-binder, okuholela ekukhuphukeni okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity. Lolu shintsho oluqhubekayo, oluhlanganiswe nesimo sokuhudula esingokwemvelo sezinhlayiya ezincane ze-ceramic, lwenza ithangi lokushuba libe yindawo engazinzile, enokulungiswa okuphezulu lapho izindlela zokulawula ngesandla, ngezikhathi ezithile zingenakukwazi ukugcina indinganiso edingekayo. I-procedure monitor eqhubekayo iyona kuphela indlela ethembekile yokulwa nalokhu kuguquguquka kwemvelo okungenakugwenywa.
III. Ukubaluleka Kokunamathelana Kwe-Ceramic Slurry
I-Nexus Enobukhulu Obumanzi Obucwebezelayo
Ukuthamba kulawula ngqo izimo ezimbili zomzimba ezibalulekile ekuvimbeleni amaphutha:
Ukuhlanza Nokumboza:Ukuqina kanye nokuqukethwe kwezinto eziqinile kuthinta "ukumanzi" kwe-slurry kuphethini. Uma i-viscosity iphansi kakhulu, uketshezi lugeleza ngokushesha kakhulu, okungenzeka luhluleke ukungena emigqeni noma emakhoneni ayinkimbinkimbi, okuholela ekumbozweni okungaphelele noma emigoqweni. Ukumbozwa okufanayo kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukujiya kwendawo.
Ubukhulu Besendlalelo:Kukhona ukulingana okuqondile phakathi kwe-viscosity kanye nobukhulu besendlalelo esibekiwe. I-slurry ejiyile (i-viscosity ephezulu) ihamba kancane, ishiya isembozo esijiyile. Njengoba igobolondo lenziwe ngokucwilisa okuningi—ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ama-slurry amaningana okwandisa i-viscosity ukwakha amandla anele—ukuphambuka ku-viscosity yanoma yiluphi uqweqwe olulodwa lwe-slurry kusakazeka kulo lonke isakhiwo segobolondo.
Umthelela Ekuqedweni Komphezulu Nokunemba Kobukhulu
Ukuguquguquka okungaphandle kokubekezelelana kwe-viscosity okudingekayo kubangela ngqo ukwehluleka kwekhwalithi:
Ukuqeda Okuphezulu (Ra):Ukulawulwa kabi kwe-rheology kungaholela emaphutheni ongaphezulu. Isibonelo, uma i-viscosity iphansi kakhulu, ukuphuma okunganele kwamanzi kungavumela imigodi emincane, kwandise ukugoba kongaphezulu futhi kuholele ekungeneni kwensimbi okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthululwa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukungazinzi kodaka, njengokuqhuma ngokweqile noma ukwakheka kwe-microgel, nakho kungabangela ukungapheleli kongaphezulu kanye nokukhubazeka.
Ukunemba Okulinganayo (Ukubekezelelana):Ikhono lokuhlangabezana nokubekezelelana okuqinile, njengo-0.1 mm kuma-25 mm okuqala engxenye, liyaphazamiseka lapho i-viscosity ishintsha. Ubukhulu obungalingani kulo lonke i-casting, obubangelwa ukugeleza kwe-slurry ngokushesha kakhulu (i-viscosity ephansi) noma kancane kakhulu (i-viscosity ephezulu), buletha ukuguquguquka kobukhulu begobolondo lokugcina. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo ingxenye eqediwe.ukunemba kobukhulu, okwandisa ingozi yezingxenye ezingahambisani.
Ukuqina kanye nobuqotho begobolondo (Amandla Aluhlaza, Ukuvunyelwa)
Ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity kulawula nesakhiwo sangaphakathi segobolondo. Uma i-viscosity iphezulu kakhulu, ingaholela ekwakhekeni kwenethiwekhi yejeli eqinile phakathi kwezinhlayiya eziphikisayo. Lesi sakhiwo esincane singasiza ekudalweni kwemifantu emincane eqhubekayo, okuthi kamuva kunciphise amandla aluhlaza egobolondo futhi kwandise ukungena kwalo. Amaphutha afana nokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka ngaphakathi kwesikhumba esiyinhloko kuyimiphumela yalobu buthakathaka besakhiwo. Ukungakwazi ukugcina ikhwalithi yokumboza kuthinta kabi ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kwegobolondo, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo.
Ukuze kuboniswe imbangela ebalulekile phakathi kokwehluleka kokulawula inqubo kanye namaphutha okukhiqiza, izindlela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka ezihlobene nokuphambuka kwe-viscosity zifingqiwe ngezansi.
Imodeli Yomqondo Yeketanga Eliqinile Nelingenasici
| Ukuphambuka kwe-Viscosity | Umphumela We-Rheological | Umphumela Wokusebenza | Amaphutha Okuphonsa Okuyinhloko | Umthelela Wezinga Eliphezulu |
| Ukuqina Okuphansi Kakhulu (Udaka Oluncane) | Ukugeleza okusheshayo; Okuqukethwe okuqinile okuphansi; Ukunamathela okubi; Ukugoba/Ukubhajwa komoya. | Izendlalelo zegobolondo ezincane; Ukumbozwa okunganele; Ukugeleza kwamanzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokufakwa kwe-stucco. | Izimbobo; Ukungena Kwensimbi; Ubulukhuni bendawo; Amandla egobolondo anciphile; Ukuphazima. | Amanani aphezulu okulahlwa; Amaphutha amakhulu esakhiwo. |
| Ukuqina Okuphezulu Kakhulu (Udaka Olukhulu) | Ukugeleza kwamanzi kuhamba kancane; Ukucindezeleka okukhulu; Ukukhishwa komoya okunzima; Ukuzinza kwezinhlayiya ngokushesha. | Ukubopha imigodi/izikhala eziqinile; Ukujiya okungalingani, okweqile; Ukomisa okulibazisekile. | Ukuvala/Ukungena Kwensimbi ngezici; Amaphutha okufakwa (ukuhlukanisa); Ukuphambuka kobukhulu; Ukukhala okushisayo/Ukuncipha. | Ukwehluleka kobukhulu; Izindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa/zokulungisa. |
Ukuthembeka kobuso kusethwa yi-slurry yokuqala ye-primary coat, evame ukusebenza ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi le slurry ihlale ivezwa futhi ingase ihogeleke phakathi nomjikelezo wokukhiqiza, ukukhukhuleka kwe-viscosity kuyinto engapheli. Uma ungqimba lwesisekelo lusengozini yokulawulwa okungekuhle kwe-rheological, zonke izingqimba zokuqinisa ezilandelayo zakhiwe phezu kwesisekelo esingazinzile, okuqinisekisa ukungahambisani kwekhwalithi kulo lonke iqembu lokukhiqiza. Lokhu kwenza i-slurry eyinhloko ibe yindawo ephezulu kakhulu yokungenelela kwekhwalithi.
IV. Izinselele Ekulinganisweni Kokunamathela Okuqhubekayo Kokudaka
Isidingo sokulinganisa i-viscosity okuqhubekayo nokunembile siqhutshwa yimikhawulo enzima yezindlela zokulawula i-slurry zendabuko, ezethula ukungazinzi kwesistimu enkambisweni yokutshala imali.
NgobaOnjiniyela Bezinqubo kanye Nochwepheshe Be-QC, indlela yokulinganisa yendabuko—indebe yokugeleza—iletha izithiyo ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe. Le ndlela ayiqondile, ilinganisa isikhathi sokuphuma kwamanzi kunokuba ibe yi-viscosity yangempela, futhi ibucayi kakhulu eziguquguquki zangaphandle njengokushisa, ubuchwepheshe bomqhubi, kanye namandla adonsela phansi athile. Lokhu kuntuleka kokunemba nokuphindaphinda akuhambisani nokubekezelelana okuqinile okufunwa yizinhlelo zokusebenza zanamuhla zokusakaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwendebe yokugeleza kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Phakathi namahora phakathi kwalokhu kuhlolwa ngesandla, ukuhwamuka kubangela ukukhukhuleka okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity, okusho ukuthi inani elikhulu lezinto limbozwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingahambisani ngaphambi kokuba ukulungiswa kokulungisa kwenziwe ngesandla. Lokhu kubambezeleka kwesikhathi okungokwemvelo kwenza ukulawula kube nokubheka emuva kunokuba kube ukubikezela, kuvimbele ukungenelela kwenqubo yesikhathi sangempela okusebenzayo.
Okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu yisimo sendawo engokoqobo yethangi lokudaka. Ukuba khona kwe-slurry tank encane, eqinile, neyayihlabayoizinto zobumba eziphikisayokubangela ukuthi izinzwa ezivamile kanye nama-probe aguge ngokushesha noma angcoliswe ngokushesha ngama-deposit. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlanzwa nokulinganiswa okuvamile nokuphazamisayo ngesandla, okwandisa izindleko zokulungisa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.
NgobaUkuphathwa (Ukusebenza kanye Nezezimali), la maphuzu obuhlungu bobuchwepheshe ahumusha ngqo ekungazinzini kwezezimali. Ukuntuleka kokulawula kwesikhathi sangempela kuholela emazingeni aphezulu futhi angalindelekile okulahla izinto. Lapho kusetshenziswa ama-alloy anenani eliphezulu, amaphutha angalawuleki njengokuqhekeka, ukufakwa, ukusebenza kabi, noma ukushwabana okubangelwa amagobolondo angaguquki kuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezezimali okungapheli futhi okuvame ukungaqhubeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity ngesandla kuvame ukuhilela ukulinganisa okungasebenzi kahle, okukhokhela ngokweqile kwama-binders nama-solvents abizayo, okwandisa imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo. Umphumela oqongelelekayo wokuhlola ngesandla, ukusebenza kabusha, kanye namazinga amaphutha angalindelekile ekugcineni kulimaza ukusebenza futhi kwandise isikhathi senqubo iyonke, kunciphise ikhono lokukhulisa umkhiqizo kahle.
Imikhawulo Yezilinganiso Zokuqagela (isb., Amandla Adonsela Phansi/Ubuningi)
Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko wesayensi phakathi kokulinganiswa kobuningi kanye nokulinganiswa kwe-viscosity, njengoba umuntu engenakufaka omunye esikhundleni sakhe ngokwethembeka ekulawulweni kwe-rheological.
A imitha yobuningi be-slurryilinganisa isisindo ngeyunithi ngayinye ivolumu, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuhlushwa kwezinto eziqinile ngaphakathi kokumiswa. Ngenkathi ukulinganiswa kobuningi (ngokuvamile kubhekwa ngamandla adonsela phansi athile, ukulandelela izinto eziqinile ze-binder) kuyisici esisodwa sohlelo oluphelele lokulawula i-slurry, inikeza umbono oqondile kuphela wokusebenza. Amadivayisi obuningi, ngisho nezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe ezifana ne-imitha yobuningi be-slurry engeyona yenuziezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nokumba noma ukumba, azibambi izici zokugeleza koketshezi.
Ukuqina, ngokuphambene nalokho, kulinganisa ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi, noma ukumelana nokugeleza kanye nokuguquguquka. Nakuba ukuhwamuka kwandisa kokubili ubuningi kanye nokuqina, izinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi ku-slurry—njengokwakheka kwe-microgel, ukumiswa kwezinhlayiya, ukugobhoza, noma ngisho nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa—kungashintsha kakhulu ukusebenza kokugeleza koketshezi (i-viscosity) ngaphandle kokushintsha okuhambisanayo, okulula ukukukala ekuxineni okuphelele. Ukuze kulawulwe izinguquko zenqubo eguquguqukayo yobukhulu bokugqokisa, ukusebenza kahle kokumanzi, kanye nesilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanzi—imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-slurry—ukuqina kuyipharamitha ebalulekile, eqondile. Ukuthembela kuphela ku-density proxy kushiya isisekelo sivezwe ekungazinzini kwe-rheological kanye nemiphumela yokugqokisa engalindelekile.
Lokhu kungazinzi okukhona esigabeni sokwakha igobolondo kumelela isithiyo esibalulekile ekwamukelweni ngokugcwele kokuzenzakalela kwezimboni. Uma okokufaka okuyisisekelo (isakhiwo segobolondo) kungathembekile ngenxa yokuxinana okungalawuleki, ukuzama ukwenza ngcono izinqubo ezingezansi kuzoletha imiphumela engathembekile nengalindelekile.
Funda Ngamamitha Obuningi Engeziwe
Amamitha Ezinqubo Engeziwe Ku-inthanethi
V. Isixazululo se-Viscometer Esisetshenziswa Ngaphakathi eLonnmeter
I-Viscometer Esebenza Ngaphakathi Nenqubo ye-Lonnmeter: Ubuchwepheshe Nokusebenza
Ubuchwepheshe beLonnmeter buklanyelwe ukuthunyelwa okuqinile ngaphakathi kwezinqubo zezimboni, buletha imiphumela enembile nethembekile ngqo ngaphakathi komugqa wokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela kususwe umsebenzi ophindaphindwayo kanye namaphutha enziwe ngesandla.
Izimiso Zobuchwepheshe Eziyinhloko:Lezi zinsimbi zivame ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlidliza noma bokudlidliza obunembe kakhulu. Isici sokuzwa, ngokuvamile induku yokudlidliza, sicwiliswa oketshezini bese sinyakaziswa. Ukuncishiswa kwamandla noma ukushintsha kwemvamisa okudingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe ukudlidliza kuyalinganiswa, okunikeza ukubalwa okuqondile, okuqondile kwe-viscosity yoketshezi. Le ndlela ingcono kunezindlela ezisekelwe ekugelezeni ngoba ilinganisa impahla yangaphakathi ye-rheological kungakhathaliseki izici zokugeleza ngaphakathi kwethangi.
Ukubhekana Nokuxhashazwa Nokungcola:Umehluko obalulekile ukuqina komklamo wesenzwa. Ama-viscometer e-Lonnmeter aklanyelwe ukuqina, anezakhiwo ezihlukile zemishini ezimelana nezimo ezidingayo zokusebenza kwensimu, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka kuketshezi olunama-pasty kanye nama-slurry abrasive. Ngokufaka izici ezivimbela ukuvaleka kanye nokukhula—okufana nobuchwepheshe obusebenzisa ukudlidliza okuhlanganisiwe ukuvimbela ama-deposit—ama-sensor asebenza isikhathi eside, anciphisa izidingo zokugcinwa futhi aqinisekise ukuhlanzeka okuqhubekayo ukuze kulinganiswe ngokwethembeka. Leli khono libalulekile ekuphatheni impuphu eziqinile nezincane eziphikisayo.
Ukulinganisa Ukunemba kanye nesivinini sokuphendula:Uhlelo lunikeza ukufundwa kwe-viscosity okunembile kakhulu okulethwa ngesikhathi sangempela, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona ngokushesha ukushintsha kokwakheka okubangelwa ukuhwamuka, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, noma ukwengeza izithako. Lesi sivinini sokuphendula okusheshayo sivumela onjiniyela bezinqubo ukuthi bashintshele ekulawuleni okusabelayo (ukulungisa amaphutha ngemva kokuba evele) baye ekuphatheni okusebenzayo, lapho izinyathelo zokulungisa ezisebenzayo zisekelwe kudatha yesayensi nenembile.
Ukuzinza Nokuthembeka:Ngokuhlanganisa ukulinganisa ngqo emgqeni wenqubo, uhlelo lwe-Lonnmeter luhlinzeka ngokuqina okuqhubekayo, lunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-inter-shift kanye namaphutha azimele atholakala ekuhlolweni ngesandla. Lokhu kuthembeka okuqhubekayo kuyisisekelo sokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokulawula ezivaliwe ezidingekayo ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe. Izinzwa zenzelwe ngqo ukusebenza iminyaka eminingi ngokulungiswa okuncane, ukwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenza.
VI. Izinzuzo Zokuqapha Ukugoba Okuqhubekayo
Ukwamukelwa kohlelo lweLonnmeter kuguqula ukulungiswa kwe-ceramic slurry kusuka embotsheni engalindelekile ibe yisigaba esizinzile nesilawulwayo senqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokunembile kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo sokukhulisa ikhwalithi, ukuvumelana, kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela ekwakheni igobolondo.
Ukuqina Kwenqubo Okuthuthukisiwe:Ukuqoqwa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela kwenza kube nokuqapha nokugcinwa okunembile kwe-slurry ekushiseni okufunekayo kanye ne-viscosity, okulwa ngqo nemiphumela esheshayo neqhubekayo yokuhwamuka kwe-solvent kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa lemvelo. Lokhu kuzinziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-i-ceramic slurry yokulahla i-wax elahlekilekubalulekile emikhakheni yokukhiqiza enokwethenjelwa kakhulu, okunikeza ubufakazi obuqinile obudingekayo ukuze kulandelwe ikhwalithi kanye nemibhalo evela ezintweni ezibonakalayo.
Isenzo Sokulungisa Esisheshayo, Esizenzakalelayo:Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kuvumela ukuthi umkhiqizo wesenzwa uhlanganiswe ku-automatic feedback loop. Idatha ye-viscometer ivuselela ngokuzenzakalelayo izinhlelo zokulinganisa ezilinganisiwe ukuthi zifake inani eliqondile le-solvent noma izithasiselo ukuze kugcinwe iphuzu elibekiwe. Leli khono lezenzo zokulungisa ezizenzakalelayo lisusa amaphutha abantu, lisuse isikhathi esibi sokuhlola ngesandla, futhi liqinisekise ukuhambisana komkhiqizo kuyo yonke imijikelezo emide yokukhiqiza.
Ukuqina Kwegobolondo Okuthuthukisiwe:I-rheology ye-slurry ehambisanayo ihumusha ngqo ekuziphatheni kokumboza okubikezelwayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukujiya kokubekwa kwezingqimba okufanayo kanye nezici ezilungiselelwe zokuphuma kokumanzi kuzo zonke izimbobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zine, eziyisithupha, noma ngaphezulu. Ukufeza lokhu kuhambisana kunciphisa ngokuyisisekelo ukuvela kwamaphutha egobolondo ahlobene ne-viscosity, okuhlanganisa ukubopha, ukufakwa kwe-ceramic, ukusebenza kabi, kanye nokuqhekeka, okuyizinkinga ezivamile ezithinta ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokugcina ehlanganisiwe. Ngokuzinzisa ikhwalithi yokumboza, i-foundry ithuthukisa amandla egobolondo, ukungena kwamanzi, kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo, okuholela ekubunjweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nesikhathi esincishisiwe sokukhiqiza kanye nezindleko.
VII. Izinzuzo Zokusebenza Nezomnotho Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu
Ukuqaliswa kokulawulwa okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity kusetshenziswa izinsimbi ezithuthukisiwe kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezinga elikhulu ezidlulela ngale kokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi okulula, okuqhuba ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo ngokuzinzisa lokho okwakuyipharamitha yenqubo eguquguqukayo ngaphambilini.
Ukunciphisa Izinto Ezilahliwe Nokuhlela Kabusha (Ukunciphisa Amaphutha):Inzuzo eqondile kakhulu kwezomnotho ukwehla kwamazinga okukhubazeka. Ngokuqinisekisa ubuqotho begobolondo ngokuqapha nokuvimbela amaphutha abangelwa ukusaphazeka okungahambisani (njengokubopha, ukumanzi okungekuhle, noma ukuphambuka kobukhulu), izindawo zokusekela izinto zinciphisa kakhulu inani lezinsalela kanye nesidingo sokulungiswa kabusha okubizayo. Lo mthelela uphindaphindwa uma usebenza ngezinto ezibizayo nezisebenza kahle njenge-superalloys esekelwe ku-nickel noma ama-alloy asekelwe ku-cobalt. Ukunciphisa imvamisa yamaphutha njengokuvala okubandayo kanye nokuncishiswa kuthuthukisa ukubikezela kokusebenza.
Ukuthuthukisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinto:Ukuzenzakalela kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo zokulungisa zisekelwe ezidingweni zesayensi. Izinhlelo zokulinganisa ezizenzakalelayo zethula inani eliqondile lama-binder abizayo kanye nezithasiselo ezisekelwe ekufundweni kwe-Lonnmeter ngesikhathi sangempela, okususa ukulungiswa ngokweqile kanye nokungcola kwezinto ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokulawulwa ngesandla okunganembile.
Ukwanda Kokugeleza Nokubikezela:Ngokuzinzisa inqubo yokwakha amagobolondo, i-LonnmeterI-Viscometer Esetshenziswayokuqeda ukuphazamiseka kwenqubo okungahleliwe, isikhathi sokuhlola ngesandla, kanye nokubambezeleka okubangelwa ukulahla noma ukulungisa amagobolondo anephutha. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, okuqinisekisa isikhathi sokuhola sokukhiqiza esibikezelwayo nesivame ukuba sifushane samagobolondo e-ceramic asezingeni eliphezulu. Ukushesha okubangelwayo ekubhekaneni nezinhlobo zokukhiqiza kuyinzuzo ebalulekile yokuncintisana.
Ukufinyelela Amamethrikhi Ekhwalithi Aphakeme Nangaguquguquki:Ngokuyisisekelo, ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity okuqhubekayo kuvumela ama-founders ukuthi akhiqize amagobolondo njalo akhiqiza izingxenye ezihlangabezana noma ezidlula izidingo eziqinile kakhulu ze-ukunemba kobukhulu, ubuqotho bomphezulu, kanye nokusebenza komshini. Leli khono lokukhiqiza njalo ama-castings athembekile, aphindaphindwayo, futhi acacisiwe kakhulu linika amandla amakhasimende emikhakheni ebalulekile ukuthi asungule izinto ezintsha, eqiniseka ukuthi inqubo yokwenziwa kwesisekelo ivikelwe ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi okuqhutshwa idatha.
I-LonnmeterI-Viscometer Esetshenziswayoinikeza ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuvala leli gebe, inikeza ukuqina, ukunganakekelwa kahle,isixazululo sesikhathi sangempelayakhelwe indawo enzima nehluphayo yethangi lokudaka.
Ukuze sihlaziye ukuguquguquka kwenqubo yakho ekhona, sihlole amathuba asheshayo okunciphisa amaphutha, futhi sihlele ukuhlanganiswa kokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwegumbi lakho legobolondo, simema amaqembu akho obuchwepheshe nabaphathi ukuthiCela Ukubonisana Kwamahhala KwezobuchwephesheLokhu kubonisana okukhethekile kuzohlinzeka isu elinemininingwane, eliqhutshwa idatha elenzelwe ukusebenzisa uhlelo lweLonnmeter ukuze kuzuzwe ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle okuqhubekayo.
