Kwimveliso ye-emulsion, ulawulo lomgangatho lumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwemveliso, ixesha elisele lisetyenziswa, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Enye yezona parameter zibalulekileyo kule nkqubo yilei-emulsion viscosity; nokuba utshintsho oluncinci kwi-viscosity lunokubangela imiba efana nokwahlulwa kwesigaba, ukuguda okungaguqukiyo, okanye iimfuno zokusetyenziswa ezingasebenzi kakuhle.
Esi sisombululo sigxile kwindlelaii-viscometer ze-emulsion ezikwi-inlineukujongana nemingeni kulo lonke ulawulo lwenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukubai-emulsion viscositykwimveliso eqhubekayo kunye nokuguqula ulawulo lomgangatho olusabelayo lube lulawulo lwenkqubo olusebenzayo.
Zithini ii-Emulsions?
I-emulsion ngumxube owahlukeneyo wezinto ezimbini ezingenakuxutywa (umz., ioyile namanzi), apho olunye ulwelo (isigaba esisasazekileyo) luqhekeka lube ngamathontsi amancinci kwaye luxhonywe kwelinye (isigaba esiqhubekayo). Olu zinzo lwalo mxube luxhomekeke kwi-emulsifiers—izinto ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu phakathi kwezigaba ezimbini kwaye zithintele ukuhlangana kwamathontsi.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-emulsions ezidibana ngqoi-emulsion viscosityziquka:
- Ukwakhiwa kwesigaba: Umlinganiselo we-dispersed to continuous phase uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-viscosity (umz., umxholo ophezulu weoyile kwi-oyile-water emulsion uyandai-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyile).
- Ubungakanani bethontsi: Amathontsi amancinci adala ukungqubana okungakumbi phakathi kwezigaba, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqineni okukhulu; amathontsi amakhulu, ahlanganisiweyo anciphisa ukuxinana kunye nokungazinzi kwesignali.
- Uhlobo lwe-emulsifier kunye noxinzelelo: Ii-emulsifiers ezahlukeneyo (umz., ii-surfactants, ii-polymers) zitshintsha umaleko ojikeleze amaconsi, nto leyo etshintsha iipropati zokuhamba kwe-emulsion (kwaye ngaloo ndlela i-viscosity yayo).
Iintlobo ze-Emulsions
Ukuqondaiintlobo ze-emulsionkubalulekile ekukhetheni okulungileyoi-emulsion viscometer, njengoko uhlobo ngalunye luneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthamba kunye neemfuno zemveliso. Ulwahlulo oluqhelekileyo luquka:
NgokweSigaba soKwakhiwa
- Ii-Emulsion ze-Oyile-eManzini (O/W): Isigaba esiqhubekayo ngamanzi, kwaye isigaba esisasazekileyo yioyile (umz., ubisi, izinto zokuthambisa ubuso). Ezi emulsions zihlala zine-lowi-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyilexa kuthelekiswa neentlobo ze-W/O, njengoko amanzi engatyebanga kangako kuneeoyile ezininzi.
- Amanzi akwi-oyile (angenawo) ii-emulsion: Isigaba esiqhubekayo yioyile, kwaye isigaba esisasazekileyo ngamanzi (umz., ibhotolo, ioyile yemoto).i-emulsion viscosityidla ngokuba phezulu ngenxa yesigaba seoyile esiqhubekayo esityebileyo.
- Ii-Emulsion ezininzi: Imixube eyinkimbinkimbi efana neoyile emanzini kwioyile (O/W/O) okanye amanzi emanzini kwioyile (W/O/W) (umz., amayeza akhutshwa ngokulawulwayo). Ezi zineprofayili ze-viscosity ezifuna ukubekwa esweni ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha langempela ukuze kuthintelwe ukwaphuka kwesigaba.
- Ii-MacroemulsionsUbungakanani bamaconsi buqala kwi-0.1–10 μm; awabonakali kakuhle kwaye anoburhabaxa obuzinzileyo ukuba akhiwe ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ii-MicroemulsionsUbungakanani bamaconsi < 0.1 μm; ayabonakala kwaye angaphantsii-emulsion ye-viscosityngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamathontsi.
- IiNanoemulsionsUbungakanani bamaconsi buyi-10–100 nm; alungelelanisa uzinzo kunye nokuxinana, nto leyo eyenza ukuba aqheleke kwizithambiso nakwimithi esebenza kakuhle.
Ngobungakanani beDroplet
Iindlela Zokucubungula I-Emulsion - Zenziwa Njani I-Emulsions?
Ukuveliswa kwe-emulsion yinkqubo enamanyathelo amaninzi apho inqanaba ngalinye lichaphazela okokugqibelai-emulsion viscosity; ukucutshungulwa okuqhubekayo kunokwenzeka kuphela ngempendulo ye-viscosity yexesha langempela. Indlela yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili
- Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza: Linganisa kwaye ufudumeze ioyile, amanzi, kunye nee-emulsifiers ukuya kubushushu obujoliswe kubo (ngesiqhelo yi-50–80°C) ukunciphisa i-viscosity nokuphucula ukungafani. Ukutshintsha kobushushu apha kunokubangela utshintsho lwangaphambi kwexesha lwe-viscosity, ngoko ke ukudibanisa i-ai-emulsion ye-viscosityIsikrini esine-sensor yobushushu sibalulekile.
- Ukuncipha: Susa amaqamza omoya kwizinto eziluhlaza, njengoko umoya ovalelweyo unciphisa ubukhali bomoya kwaye ukhokelela ekufundweni okungachanekanga (ngaloo ndlela ulawulo lomgangatho olubi).
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Emulsification (Inqanaba eliPhambili)
Eli nyathelo liqhekeza isigaba esisasazekileyo sibe ngamathontsi amancinci kwaye lixutywe nesigaba esiqhubekayo—umqhubi oyintloko wokugqibelai-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyile:
- Ukuxuba i-High-Speed Shear: Isebenzisa abaxubi be-rotor-stator ukuvelisa i-shear enamandla; amazinga aphezulu okucheba anciphisa ubungakanani bamaconsi kwaye andise i-viscosity (ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, emva koko i-shear engaphezulu ayibi nampembelelo ingako).
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-homogenization: Isebenzisa ii-homogenizers ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu (10–100 MPa) ukwenza amathontsi afanayo; eli nyathelo liqhelekile kubisi nakumayeza, apho lihambelana khonai-emulsion viscosityayinakuxoxiswana.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Ultrasonic: Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukuqhekeza amathontsi; ilungele ii-nanoemulsions, apho ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-viscosity luthintela ukuhlanganiswa kwamathontsi.
- Ukupholisa: Yehlisa ubushushu be-emulsion bube bubushushu begumbi okanye bokugcina; i-viscosity idla ngokwanda njengoko i-emulsion iphola, ngoko ke ukujonga okungaphakathi kuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ngaphakathi kwemilinganiselo ethile.
- Ukufakwa koNcedo: Yongeza izithinteli, iziqholo, okanye izithako ezisebenzayo; ezi zinokutshintsha i-viscosity (umz., izithambisi ziyandai-emulsion ye-viscosity), ezifuna uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo.
- Ukuhluza: Susa amasuntswana amakhulu okanye amaconsi anganyibilikiswanga; ukuhla kwe-viscosity ngequbuliso apha kunokubonisa ukuvaleka kwesihluzo okanye ukwahlukana kwesigaba.
Ukucutshungulwa emva
Iziseko zozinzo lwe-emulsion
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Imingeni ekuchongweni kwe-Emulsions Viscosity eqhubekayo
Kwiinjineli zeenkqubo kunye neengcali zobugcisa, rhoqoi-emulsion viscosityUkubeka esweni kujongana nemiqobo eyahlukileyo izixhobo zemveli (umz., ii-viscometers ezingasebenziyo kwi-intanethi, iityhubhu zeglasi ze-capillary) ezingenakoyiswa. Le mingeni ibandakanya:
- Ixesha Lokugqwala Ngovavanyo Olungaxhunyiwe Kwi-intanethiIindlela ezingasebenziyo zifuna ukusampula, ukuthutha, kunye nokuhlalutya iisampulu— inkqubo ethatha imizuzu eli-15–60. Kwimveliso eqhubekayo, oku kubambezeleka kuthetha ukuba iingxaki ze-viscosity zifunyanwa kade kakhulu ukuba zingagcini iibhetshi ziphela, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinkunkuma ebiza kakhulu.
- Isampuli yokuphambuka: Xa kuthathwa iisampulu kumgca wemveliso,i-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyileutshintsho olubangelwa kukulahlekelwa bubushushu, ukuncipha kwesantya sokucheba, okanye ukuhlangana kwamathontsi. Ngoko ke ukufundwa kwelebhu akubonisi i-viscosity yokwenyani emgceni, nto leyo ekhokelela kulungiso olungalunganga lwenkqubo.
- Iimeko Ezinzima Zemveliso: Ukwenziwa kwe-emulsion kudla ngokubandakanya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu (<450°C, ngokweenkcazo eziqhelekileyo zoshishino), uxinzelelo oluphezulu (> 10 MPa kwezinye iimeko), kunye nezithako ezirhabaxa (umz., izigaba zamanzi ane-asidi). Izinzwa zemveli ziyasilela ngokukhawuleza apha, njengoko zingenalo ukhuseleko oluqinileyo okanye ukuhambelana kwezinto.
- Ukuziphatha kolwelo olungelulo ulwelo olutshaUninzi lwee-emulsions aziyo-Newtonian—zazoi-emulsion ye-viscosityutshintsho ngesantya sokucheba (umz., ii-emulsions zokucheba ziyancipha njengoko ukucheba kusanda). Ii-viscometers ezingasebenziyo zivavanya ngesantya sokucheba esimiselweyo, ngoko ke azinakubamba utshintsho oluguquguqukayo lwe-viscosity olwenzeka kwiimpompo, kwii-mixers, okanye kwiipayipi.
- Ukugcinwa kweSensor kunye nokungcoliswa: Ii-emulsions zinokushiya intsalela kwiindawo zesensor, ingakumbi ukuba ziqulathe izinto eziqinileyo (umz., izinto zokuthambisa ezizaliswe ziinxalenye). Oku kungcolisa kuguqula ukufundwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye iisensor ezifuna ukuqhaqhwa rhoqo ukuze zicocwe ziphazamisa imveliso.
I-Lonnmeter Vibrational Viscometer – Isisombululo Esikwi-Inline se-Emulsion Viscosity
Ukujongana nemingeni engentla,I-viscometer yenkqubo ekwi-intanethi yeLonnmeteryenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuqhubekai-emulsion viscosityUkubeka esweni. Lukhetho oluphambili kubavelisi be-emulsion kuba ludibanisa ukusebenza okuqinileyo, ukuguquguquka kwe-emulsion ethile, kunye nobuchule bokulawula ngexesha langempela— kubalulekile kumaqela olawulo lwemveliso agxile ekuphuculeni okunokulinganiswa.
Iiparameters eziphambili (Ezenzelwe ukuvelisa i-Emulsion)
Iinkcukacha zeLonnmeter zisombulula ngokuthe ngqo imingeni yokujonga i-emulsion viscosity, ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kwiimeko ezinzima okanye eziguquguqukayo:
| Ipharamitha | Inkcazo | Kutheni Kubalulekile Kwi-Emulsions |
| Uluhlu lwe-Viscosity | 1 – 1,000,000 cP | Igubungela konkeiintlobo ze-emulsion(ukusuka kwii-microemulsions ezithambileyo ukuya kwiikhrimu ze-W/O ezithambileyo kakhulu). |
| Ukuchaneka | ±3.0% | Uqinisekisai-emulsion viscosityihlala ngaphakathi kweempawu ezisemgangathweni eziqinileyo (umz., ±5% kwi-emulsions yamayeza). |
| Ukuphindaphinda | ±1% | Isusa ukufundwa okungahambelaniyo okubangelwa kukuguquguquka kwamathontsi e-emulsion. |
| Ukumelana nobushushu | < 450°C | Iyamelana namanyathelo okufakela i-emulsification kubushushu obuphezulu (umz., ukuveliswa kwezithambiso zoshishino). |
| Uluhlu loxinzelelo lwenzwa | < 6.4 MPa (yenzelwe i->10 MPa) | Ilungelelanisa imigca ye-homogenization enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, aphoi-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyilekubaluleke kakhulu. |
| Izinto eziphathekayo | 316 Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo (esemgangathweni) | Iyamelana nokugqwala okuvela kwi-acidic okanye i-alkaline emulsion phases, ithintela ukuwohloka kwe-sensor. |
| Inqanaba loKhuselo | IP68 (isenzi-sensor) / IP67 (i-elektroniki) | Izikhuseli emanzini, uthuli, kunye nokutshiza kwe-emulsion kwiindawo zemveliso ezimdaka. |
| Umgangatho Ongangqinelani Nokuqhuma | I-ExdIIBT4 | Ikhuselekile ukusetyenziswa kwimigca ye-emulsion esekwe kwi-petrochemical okanye kwi-solvent (umz., ii-emulsifiers ze-oilfield). |
| Ixesha Lokuphendula Ngesiginali | 5s | Ibamba utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwe-viscosity (umz., ngexesha lokongeza i-emulsifier) kwaye ibangele utshintsho olukhawulezileyo. |
| Imveliso | 4 – 20 mADC (ukuxinana/ubushushu) + iModbus | Idibana neenkqubo ze-PLC okanye ze-SCADA zokulawula inkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokurekhoda idatha. |
Umgaqo Wokusebenza – Oyilelwe Ukuziphatha Kokuhamba Kwe-Emulsion
Umgaqo wokusebenza weLonnmeter ujongana nohlobo olungelulo olweNewtonian noluguquguqukayo lweeemulsions, ukuqinisekisa ukuchanekai-emulsion ye-viscosityukufundwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imveliso:
- I-sensor ye-viscometer ejikelezileyo ijikeleza nge-axial kwi-frequency emiselweyo. Njengoko i-emulsion ihamba phezu kwe-sensor, ulwelo luyachetywa— oku kufana namazinga okuchetywa afumaneka kwimigca yokwenyani yemveliso (umz., iipompo, abaxubi).
- Utshintsho kwii-emulsion viscositytshintsha amandla alahlekileyo ngexesha lokushukuma: i-viscosity ephezulu idala ukuxhathisa okungakumbi, inyusa ukulahleka kwamandla; i-viscosity ephantsi inciphisa ukuxhathisa.
- Isekethe ye-elektroniki yesivamvo ibona oku kulahleka kwamandla, iyiguqule ibe yixabiso le-viscosity, ize idlulise idatha ngexesha langempela (nge-4–20 mADC okanye iModbus).
- Ngokungafaniyo nee-viscometer zemveli, ayinazo iindawo ezihambayo, izitywini, okanye iibheringi. Olu yilo lususa ukungcola kwi-emulsion residues (akukho mingxunya yokwakheka) kwaye lunciphisa ukugcinwa—kubalulekile kwimveliso eqhubekayo iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki.
Funda Ngakumbi ngeeMetha zoBuxinano
Iimitha zeNkqubo ezingakumbi kwi-Intanethi
Iingenelo ze-Inline Emulsion Viscometer (iLonnmeter) kubavelisi be-Emulsion
Kumasebe kunye neenjineli zokuphucula iinkqubo, iLonnmeter inika iingenelo ezibonakalayo nezinokulinganiswa eziphucula ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko— zonke zigxile ekuchanekeni.i-emulsion viscosityulawulo:
Ukuguquguquka Okuthile Kwe-Emulsion
- Iphatha ii-Non-Newtonian Fluids: Ngokucheba i-emulsion ngamanani okucheba akwi-intanethi, inika ulwazi oluchanekileyoi-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyileukufundwa okuhambelana neemeko zokwenyani zemveliso— kungekuphela nje kwezicwangciso zelebhu.
- Iyamelana Neemeko Ezinzima: Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316, ukhuseleko lwe-IP68, kunye nokunyamezela ubushushu obuphezulu/uxinzelelo kuthetha ukuba isebenza ngokuthembekileyo kuzo zonke iindawo zokwenza i-emulsion, ukusuka ekulungisweni kokutya (iimfuno zokucoca kwindawo) ukuya kwiikhemikhali zepetroli (iindawo eziqhumayo).
- Isusa inkunkuma yeBatch: Ukufundwa kwe-viscosity kwangoko kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba balungise iiparameter (umz., umthamo we-emulsifier, izinga lokucheba) ngemizuzwana— ngaphambi kokuba kuveliswe i-emulsion engahambelaniyo.
- Iqinisekisa ukuHlangana: ±1% ukuphindaphindwa kuthetha ukuba yonke ibhetshi iyafanai-emulsion ye-viscosity, ukunciphisa izikhalazo zabathengi kunye nokuhlaziya izinto.
- Kunciphisa Umsebenzi Wezandla: Akusekho sampuli okanye uhlalutyo lwelebhu oluqhutywa ngesandla— olukhulula iingcali kwimisebenzi exabisa kakhulu.
- Yenza Uhlengahlengiso Lwenkqubo Luzenzekeleyo: Idibana nee-PLC ukuze itshintshe ngokuzenzekelayo iiparameter (umz., yonyusa uxinzelelo lwe-homogenizer ukuba i-viscosity yehla)— inciphisa iimpazamo zomntu kwaye iqinisekise ukuhambelana kweeyure ezingama-24/7.
- Idatha yokuxinana kweeLogIivenkile zemveliso zeModbusi-emulsion viscositykunye nedatha yobushushu, ebalulekileyo ekuthotyelweni kwemithetho (umz., iimfuno ze-FDA zee-emulsions zamayeza) okanye uhlalutyo lwemvelaphi (umz., ukulandelela isizathu sokuba i-viscosity inyuke kwi-shift yokugqibela).
- Ii-alamu ezibangela: Ii-alamu ezikhawulezileyo zilumkisa abaqhubi nge-viscosity engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ethintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukungaphumeleli kwebhetshi.
Ulawulo Lomgangatho Lwexesha Langempela
Ukusebenza kakuhle koMsebenzi
Ukulandelelwa kwedatha kunye nokuthotyelwa kwayo
Ukuba iqela lakho lokuvelisa i-emulsion likulungele ukutshintsha ukusuka ekuvuseleleni ukuya ekuvuselelenii-emulsion viscosityulawulo— kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma, ukuphucula umgangatho, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle— lixesha lokucela ikowuteshini yeLonnmeter emgcenii-emulsion viscometerCela ikowuteshini yakho namhlanje ukuze uqalise ukuphucula umgangatho wolawulo lwakho lwe-emulsion formula— kwaye ufumane i-consistenti-viscosity ye-emulsion yamanzi eoyileabathengi bakho balindele.
