IIsalathisi seViscosity (VI)linani elibonisa ukuba i-viscosity yolwelo itshintsha kangakanani ngokweqondo lobushushu. Lilinani elingenamlinganiselo, elilinganiselweyo—oko kuthetha ukuba alinazo iiyunithi kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ulwelo.i-VI ephezulukuthetha ukuba i-viscosity yolwelo ihlala izinzile ngakumbi kumanqanaba obushushu abanzi, ngelixa i-i-VI ephantsikuthetha ukuba i-viscosity itshintsha kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ulwelo lungathembeki kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Kutheni i-VI ibalulekile?
Kwizinto zokwenyani, ulwelo olufana neeoyile zemoto okanyeulwelo lwe-hydraulickufuneka isebenze ngokuthembekileyo kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo. Ukuba i-viscosity itshintsha kakhulu:
- Xa kubanda: Ulwelo olujiyileyo lunokwenza kube nzima ukuqala injini okanye umatshini, nto leyo ebangela ukuguguleka kwiindawo ezithile kuba ulwelo aluhambi kakuhle ukuze luzithambise.
- Xa kushushu: Ulwelo olubhityileyo lusenokunganikeli ukhuseleko olwaneleyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudibaneni kwesinyithi, ukuguguleka, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo.
Umzekelo, kwinjini yemoto:
- Ngentsasa ebandayo yasebusika, ioyile ene-VI ephantsi inokuba nkulu kangangokuba injini ingakwazi ukujika, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo kunye nokuguguleka.
- Kubushushu basehlotyeni, loo oyile ifanayo ye-VI ephantsi inokuba ncinci kakhulu, ingakhuseli iindawo zenjini ekungqubaneni nasebushushwini, nto leyo enciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi bayo.
Kwelinye icala, ioyile ene-VI ephezulu ihamba kakuhle ebandayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqala kakuhle kwaye ihlala ijiyile ngokwaneleyo ebushushu ukukhusela izixhobo zenjini, iphucula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuqina kwayo.
Izinto Ezichaphazela Isalathisi Sokuxinana
I-VI yolwelo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini eziphambili:
- Uhlobo lweoyile esisiseko:
- Iioyile zeMineral(kwioyile eluhlaza): Ezi zihlala zine-VI ephantsi (umz., 80–120), oko kuthetha ukuba i-viscosity yazo itshintsha ngakumbi ngobushushu.
- Iioyile zokwenziwa(njengee-polyalphaolefins okanye ii-esters): Ezi zihlala zine-VI ephezulu (umz., 120–200), nto leyo enika uzinzo olungcono kubushushu.
- Iioyile zemifuno okanye zebhayoloji: I-VI iyahluka kodwa idla ngokuba phakathi, kuxhomekeke kumthombo.
- Izongezo: Iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokubai-viscosity index iyaphucula(VIIs) zongezwa kwiioyile ukuze zinyuse i-VI yazo. Ezi zongezo ziipolymers ezikhula xa zishushu, zinceda ioyile ukuba imelane nokuncitshiswa, kwaye inciphe xa ipholile, nto leyo ethintela ukuba ibe nkulu kakhulu.
Kutheni i-VI ibalulekile ekukhetheni ulwelo
Ukukhetha ulwelo olune-VI efanelekileyo kubalulekile xa kusetyenziswe apho amaqondo obushushu etshintshatshintsha, njengoku:
- Iinjini zeemoto: Iioyile ze-High-VI (umz., i-5W-30 eyenziweyo) ziqinisekisa ukuqala okubandayo okuthambileyo kunye nokhuseleko oluthembekileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okusebenza.
- Iinkqubo ze-hydraulic: Kwizixhobo zokwakha, ulwelo olune-VI ephezulu lugcina umbane unikezelwa rhoqo kwiindawo ezibandayo okanye ezishushu.
- Oomatshini bemizi-mveliso: Izithambisi ze-High-VI zinciphisa ukuguguleka kunye nokulahleka kwamandla kwiibhokisi zegiya okanye iicompressor ezisebenza kumanqanaba obushushu abanzi.
Umzekelo, kwimozulu ebandayo, i-hydraulic excavator esebenzisa ulwelo oluphantsi lwe-VI ingasabela kancinci kusasa, ibambezele umsebenzi kwaye icinezele izinto. Ulwelo oluphezulu lwe-VI lugcina inkqubo isabela kwaye isebenza kakuhle.
Ukubona iSalathiso sokuKhawuleza
Khawucinge ngegrafu ethelekisa indlela i-viscosity etshintsha ngayo kunye nobushushu beeoyile ezimbini:
- I-axis ye-X: Ubushushu (umz., ukusuka kwi -20°C ukuya kwi-100°C).
- I-axis ka-Y: Ukuxinana (ukuba ulwelo lujiyile okanye lubhityile kangakanani).
- Ioyile ephantsi kwe-VI: Umgca uthambeka kakhulu, ubonisa utshintsho olukhulu kwi-viscosity—ubukhulu kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kwaye ubhityile kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
- Ioyile ephezulu ye-VI: Lo mgca uthe tyaba, ubonisa ukuba i-viscosity ihlala ihambelana ngakumbi kuluhlu lobushushu olufanayo.
Lo mahluko yingakho iioyile ezine-VI ephezulu zikhethwa kakhulu xa zisetyenziswa kakhulu—zibonelela ngokusebenza okuqikelelweyo nokuthembekileyo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Isalathisi seViscosity (VI)ilinganisa ukuba i-viscosity yolwelo izinzile kangakanani njengoko ubushushu butshintsha.
- I-VI ephezulu= i-viscosity ezinzileyo, ingcono kwiindidi zobushushu ezibanzi (umz., iioyile zokwenziwa).
- I-VI ephantsi= i-viscosity itshintsha kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki kwiimeko ezibandayo okanye ezishushu.
- Impembelelo yehlabathi lokwenyani: Ulwelo oluphezulu lwe-VI luphucula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko kwiinjini, kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic, kunye noomatshini ngokunciphisa ukuguguleka nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
- IzintoUhlobo lweoyile esisiseko (iiminerali vs. ezenziwe ngokwenziwa) kunye nezongezo ezifana ne-viscosity index improvers zimisela i-VI.
Ngokukhetha ulwelo olune-VI efanelekileyo, iinjineli kunye neengcali zinokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, nokuba imozulu okanye iimeko zokusebenza zinjani.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-18-2025
