Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwamanzi yintsika ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yokuqinisa imigodi ye-lead-zinc, ukukhusela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko lokucubungula izimbiwa, uzinzo lwenkqubo, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, kunye nokuthobela okusingqongileyo. Njengesiseko sedatha ye-underflow solids yexesha langempela, isebenza njengomgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela ekubopheni/ekubanjweni kwereyike ngokufumanisa ukwakheka kwe-solids egqithisileyo (imbangela ephambili yokunyuka kwe-torque yereyike kunye nokusilela kwezixhobo). Ukulawula inkqubo, ivumela ukulawulwa okuchanekileyo kokukhupha amanzi—ukuthintela ukunyibilika okugqithisileyo (ukuhluza okugqithisileyo) okanye ukutyibilika okuxineneyo (ukuvala imibhobho)—ngelixa ikhokela ukwenziwa ngcono kwe-flocculant ukuze kuthintelwe inkunkuma ye-reagent kunye nokucaca okungalunganga kokugcwala kwamanzi.
Izinto ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwe-Industrial Thickener kwi-Polymetallic Lead kunye ne-Zinc Mines
Izithambisi-manzi zoshishino zibalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc, nto leyo evumela ukwahlulwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, ukubuyiswa kwamanzi, kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Ukusebenza kwazo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo lwenkqubo, ulawulo lweentsalela, kunye neziphumo zokusingqongileyo.
Imigaqo esisiseko yoTyalo lweNkunkuma kwiindawo zokuCoca izimbiwa
Ukusebenza kokuqina kusekelwe kwifiziksi ye-sedimentation, apho amasuntswana aqinileyo axhonywe kwi-slurry ahlulwa yi-gravity. I-feed slurry ingena kwi-thickener ize isasazeke kwi-vessel. Phantsi komxhuzulane, amasuntswana aqala ukuhlala, enze iindawo ezintathu eziphambili:
- Indawo ecacileyo yolwelo phezulu (ukugcwala).
- Indawo ephakathi "yokuhlala phantsi okuthintelweyo", apho uxinano lwamasuntswana ludibana khona kwaye amazinga okuhlala phantsi ehla.
- Umaleko ongaphantsi wodaka oluxinzelelweyo okanye "umbhede wodaka," apho izinto eziqinileyo ziqokelelana khona.
Amanqanaba okutsalwa kwenkunkuma axhomekeke kumandla atsalanayo asebenza kwiincam, alawulwa kukutsalwa kolwelo. Njengoko uxinaniso oluqinileyo lusanda, iincanca ziyathintelana, zicotha ukuhlala (ukuhlala okuthintelweyo). Ukutsalwa kwenkunkuma—okubangelwa zii-flocculants ze-polyelectrolyte—kuhlanganisa iincanca ezincinci zibe zii-floc ezinkulu, okwandisa isantya sazo sokuhlala esisebenzayo. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsalwa kwenkunkuma kuchatshazelwa yi-mineralogy, ubungakanani beencanca, i-chemistry yamanzi, kunye nokuxinana ngaphakathi kwe-thickener.
Ukubalwa kwedosi ye-flocculant echanekileyo kunye nokwenza ngcono kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-thickener. Ukuthatha idosi engaphezulu okanye engaphantsi kunciphisa ukucaca okanye uxinano lwamanzi amdaka, kwaye kunokubangela iingozi ezifana nokubopha i-rake okanye ukugqithisa. Ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo ephucukileyo kunye nokwenza ngcono iisekethe zokuqina kwezimbiwa kuxhomekeke ekubekweni esweni rhoqo kwezi parameters zomzimba nezekhemikhali.
Izinto eziQinisayo kwiMineral Processing
*
Isishwankathelo seentlobo ze-Industrial Thickener kunye neendima zazo
Kusetyenziswa uyilo oluphambili lwezinki kwizityalo zanamhlanje zokucubungula imigodi ye-lead-zinc:
Iziqinisi ezijikelezayo eziqhelekileyoSebenzisa itanki enkulu, indlela yokujikeleza i-thickener rake mechanism, kunye nee-scrapers ezihamba kancinci ukuze zidibanise kwaye ziqokelele izinto eziqinileyo ezizinzileyo. Olu yilo luqinile kodwa ngokubanzi luphatha imithwalo ephantsi yezinto eziqinileyo.
Izithambisi ezikumgangatho ophezuluzakhiwe ukuze zisebenzise amandla aphezulu ekuveliseni izinto eziqinileyo ngeetanki ezisemacaleni aqinileyo, uyilo lweendawo zokuphakela ezilungiselelwe kakuhle, kunye neendibano ezisebenzayo zokuthibaza iireki. Ezi yunithi zixhaphakile kwiinkqubo zokufunxa i-lead zinc ore ngenxa yokwahluka kokutya kunye nesidingo sokubuyisela amanzi ngokukhawuleza.
Izithambisi zepeyintiinika ubuninzi obuphezulu bezinto eziqinileyo kwaye ivelise amanzi atyebileyo, angahlaliyo ukuze kulahlwe iintsalela zenkunkuma ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo. Oku kunceda imigodi inciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nomngcipheko wedama leentsalela zenkunkuma.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-thickener ludlala indima ekhethekileyo kwisekethe:
- Iziqinisi zokugxilabuyisela imveliso yeminerali exabisekileyo kwiisekethe zokudada.
- Izithambisi zemisilabuyisela amanzi kwimijelo yenkunkuma yenkqubo ngaphambi kokuba kulahlwe iintsalela zenkunkuma.
- Izithambisi zepeyintivelisa iintsalela ezinoxinano olukhulu ukuze kugcinwe izinto ezincinci nezikhuselekileyo.
Ukwahluka kokutya, iimpawu ze-ore, kunye nokuhambelana okufunekayo kokuhamba kwamanzi kuqhuba ukukhethwa kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezi ntlobo ze-thickeners. Uyilo lwe-modular kunye nokukwazi ukulinganisa kuvumela ukwandiswa kwezityalo kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo njengoko imizimba ye-ore kunye neemfuno zemveliso zitshintsha.
Imingeni Ekhethekileyo Kwimisebenzi YePolymetallic
Iimigodi ze-polymetallic lead-zinc zijongene nemiqobo enzima ekusebenzeni kwe-thickener, kuquka:
Amanani okutya aguqukayo kunye ne-mineralogy engaguqukiyo:Ukumba iintlobo ezininzi ze-ore kuvelisa utshintsho olukhulu kulwakhiwo lwe-pulp, umxholo oqinileyo, kunye ne-rheology. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi kunye nokwenza ngcono umthamo we-flocculant ekumbeni, nto leyo efuna ulawulo lwenkqubo oluhambelanayo.
Ukulayisha okuphezulu kwezinto eziqinileyo:Iimigodi zanamhlanje ziphuhlisa umbane, apho iisekethe zokutyebisa zihlala zithwala ngaphezulu kweetoni ezili-100,000 ngosuku lwe-slurry. Ukugcina ulawulo loxinano lwe-thickener kunye nokubeka iliso kuxinzelelo lwezinto eziqinileyo kwizikali ezinjalo kunzima kodwa kubalulekile ukuthintela iintlekele zenkqubo ezifana nengozi yokubopha i-rake okanye ukubanjwa kwe-rake.
I-complex mineralogy:Ii-ore ze-lead-zinc zingabandakanya i-galena, i-sphalerite, i-pyrite, kunye neeminerali ze-gangue, nganye ineendlela zayo zokuzinza kunye nokushukuma. Oku kufuna iinkqubo ze-flocculant ezilungiselelwe wena kunyeimitha yoxinanoukulinganiswa kweshishini lemigodi.
Ukungaphumeleli ukujongana nezi zinto kunokukhokelela kwiibhedi zodaka ezingazinzanga, ukucaca okungafanelekanga kokugcwala kwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweekhemikhali, okanye ukusilela koomatshini. Umngcipheko wokugqithiswa kakhulu kweraki ye-thickener okanye ukubopha uyanda ukuba izinto eziqinileyo zixinene ngokungalindelekanga, nto leyo egxininisa ngakumbi imfuneko yokulinganisa uxinano oluphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe bemitha yoxinano lwemizi-mveliso (umz., iLonnmeter) ukukhokela uhlengahlengiso lwenkqubo ngexesha langempela kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo zokuzenzekelayo ze-thickener.
Ngokudibanisa uphicotho olupheleleyo lweenkqubo zezimbiwa kunye neendlela zokwenza ngcono, ulawulo lokutyeba koxinzelelo lokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuyaphuculwa, okuxhasa zombini iinjongo zokubuyiselwa kwezimbiwa kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo kwimisebenzi ye-polymetallic.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye neempawu zoyilo lwe-Thickeners
Iinkqubo zeRake zeThickener
Iinkqubo ze-Thickener rake zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi ye-thickener yemizi-mveliso kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc. Ii-Rakes zenzelwe ukuhambisa nokudibanisa izinto eziqinileyo ezizinzileyo ukuya kwindawo ephakathi. Olu thutho lunceda ekulawuleni i-thickener yoxinzelelo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kwaye lunceda ekuthinteleni ukungalingani kokwakheka kwebhedi, okunokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza kakuhle.
Le ndlela yokusebenza ibandakanya ukujikeleza iingalo zeraki ezixhotyiswe ngeeblade okanye iiplows. Ezi ngalo zehla kancinci, zikhuhla udaka oluzinzileyo ukuya kwindawo yokuphuma kwamanzi. Uyilo lwe-rake thickener lwanamhlanje lusebenzisa izinto eziqinileyo ukumelana nokukrala kunye nokugqwala okuvela kwi-slurries ye-lead-zinc. Imodeli yokubala, efana ne-CFD (computational fluid dynamics) kunye ne-FEA (finite element analysis), ilungisa i-geometry, i-blade angle, i-arm spacing, kunye ne-drive size ukuze kubekho i-torque encinci kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kwi-thickeners ezinoxinano oluphezulu, iiprofayili zetanki ezinde kunye nee-reinforced rakes zivumela ukuphathwa kwe-solids eziphezulu ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuthembeka koomatshini.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuziqhelanisa zigxininisa ukulayisha okuzinzileyo kwezinto eziqinileyo, ukujonga i-torque rhoqo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-instrumental drive assemblies. Iimitha ze-torque kunye nee-force transducers ziqokelela idatha yexesha langempela, zivumela uhlengahlengiso olusebenzayo oluphendulayo. Iinkqubo zolawulo zilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphakama okanye isantya se-rake ngokuphendula ukunyuka kwe-torque, okuhlala kubangelwa kukusasazwa kwe-sediment okungalinganiyo okanye ukwakheka kwezinto ngequbuliso. Imizekelo yasentsimini ibonisa ukuba ukujonga i-torque rhoqo kunye neendawo zokubeka umthwalo ogqithisileyo ezicwangcisiweyo kunciphisa iimfuno zolondolozo kwaye kukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thickener.
Ukhuseleko lokugqithisa irake luxhomekeke kwizixhobo zokulinganisa amandla ezidibeneyo (ii-torque transducers, ii-load cells) ngaphakathi kwi-drive. Xa imida ye-torque esele imiselwe ifikelelwe—uphawu lokubopha irake okunokwenzeka—inkqubo inokuyiphakamisa ngokuzenzekelayo irake okanye iyimise i-drive ukuthintela umonakalo woomatshini kunye nokubanjwa kwerake. Ezi zixhobo zokukhusela, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ezisasazwayo, zibonelela ngolawulo olukude kunye namandla okungenelela kwangoko, abalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iingozi zokubopha irake.
Izinto ezibangela ukubopha ireyikhi ziquka ukuqokelelwa kwezinto eziqinileyo kakhulu, ukungasebenzi kakuhle komatshini ngenxa yokugqwala okanye ukuthambisa okungekho semgangathweni, kunye nokukhuselwa okugqithisileyo okungasebenzi kakuhle. Amaqhinga okuthintela agxila kuyilo oluqinileyo, kubandakanya iidrive ezinkulu, izixhobo zokulwa nokurhawuzelelwa, kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo koomatshini. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokulinganiswa—njengokutshintshwa kweeblade kunye neeshedyuli zokuthambisa—zihlala zisisiseko sokhuseleko lokutyeba. Uhlolo lwehlabathi lokwenyani luhlala lucebisa ulawulo lwempendulo ngokusebenzisa iidrive zesantya esiguquguqukayo kunye nohlalutyo lwendlela ye-torque esebenzayo ukuze kuthembeke ixesha elide.
Iinkqubo zokufaka izicelo zeFlocculant
Ubalo lwedosi ye-Flocculant yokusebenza kwe-thickener kwi-lead-zinc slurry lulungiselelwe ngokweempawu ze-slurry ezizodwa: ubungakanani be-particle, i-mineralogy, i-pH, kunye namandla e-ionic. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ibandakanya uvavanyo lwe-bench-scale jar, apho iintlobo ze-polymer kunye noxinzelelo zikhethwa ngokwe-empirically ukuze kufezekiswe uxinano olufunekayo lwe-underflow solids kunye nokucaca kokugcwala. Kwimeko yokwenza ngcono isityalo sokucubungula izimbiwa, idosi idla ngokulinganiswa kwiigram ze-polymer esebenzayo ngetoni nganye ye-solids eyomileyo.
Impembelelo yokulinganisa i-flocculant ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isantya sokuhlala kunye noxinzelelo lokugqibela lokuhamba kwamanzi. Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo ukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwamasuntswana ngokukhawuleza (ukwakheka kwe-floc), okuvelisa ukuqina okukhawulezayo kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nokwahlukana okusemgangathweni ophezulu. Umlinganiselo ogqithisileyo wonyusa ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent kunye neendleko zokusebenza; umlinganiselo onganeleyo wokulinganisa ukhokelela ekuhlukaneni okubi kwezinto eziqinileyo, ukuncipha koxinano lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, kunye neemeko ezinokubakho zokuxinana komthamo kwi-thickener.
Ubuchwepheshe obuvumela ukuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo buquka iipompo zokulinganisa iikhemikhali ezinokucwangciswa, iinkqubo ezixhaswa ngumxhuzulane, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ezenzekelayo.Umlinganiselo woxinano oluphakathikunye nempendulo yexesha langempela ngezisombululo zemitha yoxinano lwemizi-mveliso—ezifana neLonnmeter—zivumela uhlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo kunye nokwenza ngcono umthamo we-polyelectrolyte. Ezi nkqubo zixhasa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwe-reagent kunye nokubeka esweni uxinano lwe-thickener solids ngexesha langempela. Uphicotho oluneenkcukacha luhlala lucebisa ukulinganiswa kwemitha yoxinano kwizicelo zoshishino lwemigodi ukunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokuqinisekisa ulawulo oluqinileyo lwenkqubo.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokulawula i-reagent ziquka ukulinganisa rhoqo izixhobo zokulinganisa, ukuqinisekiswa rhoqo kweemitha zoxinano, kunye nokuhlanganiswa neenkqubo zokuzenzekelayo ze-thickener. Le ndlela inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent ngelixa iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokulungisa kunye nolawulo loxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi, inegalelo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwe-thickener kunye nokhuseleko kwiindawo zenkqubo yokuphucula i-lead zinc ore.
Amaqhinga oLawulo oluPhambili kunye nokuBeka esweni ukugxila okungaphantsi komthamo
Ukulinganisa Uxinano Oluphakathi kunye Nezixhobo Zokusebenza
Ukukhetha ekuneneimitha yoxinano lwemizi-mvelisoKubalulekile ekufezekiseni ukubekwa esweni ngokuchanekileyo nangokuqhubekayo koxinzelelo lwe-thickener underflow kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc. Izixhobo ezifana ne-vibrating element kunye ne-ultrasonic density meters zibonelela ngezinye iindlela ezingezizo ezenyukliya, zijongana neemfuno eziphezulu zolawulo kunye nokhuseleko kwimisebenzi yokucubungula izimbiwa. Ezi zixhobo zilinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela ngaphandle kweengozi kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lwee-gauges ezisekelwe kwimitha, nto leyo eyinzuzo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-thickener kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko. Umzekelo, uyilo lwe-SDM ECO kunye ne-vibrating element lubonakaliswe ekulinganiseni i-abrasive, i-lead-zinc slurries enobunzima obuphezulu; zine-sensors ezimelana nokukrala, i-electronics eqinileyo, kunye nokuhambelana neemeko ze-pulp ezirhabaxa kakhulu.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweemitha kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo indawo yokulinganisa. Ukubekwa kudla ngokuba kumgca we-thickener underflow okufutshane nokukhupha, apho umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo uhambelana kakhulu kwaye ubonakalisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokwenyani. Ukubekwa kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwe-hydraulic kunye nokufikeleleka kokugcinwa, kuhambelana neendlela ezilungileyo zokugcinwa kwe-thickener.
Ukulinganisa yingxaki ephambili kwizicelo zemigodi ye-lead-zinc ngenxa yokuguquguquka rhoqo koxinano kunye nokusasazwa kobungakanani bezinto eziguquguqukayo. Ukulinganisa rhoqo kusetyenziswa iisampulu zesalathiso kunye nohlengahlengiso lwesoftware kuyafuneka, ingakumbi xa kuphathwa imijelo yenkqubo yokuphucula i-lead zinc ore. Ukulinganisa ifektri kunokusebenza njengesiseko, kodwa ukulinganisa kwakhona indawo ethile kuphucula ukuchaneka kolawulo loxinano oluphantsi koxinzelelo. Ukushukuma kwezixhobo, okubangelwa kukugquma kwesensor, ukuguguleka, okanye ukutshintsha ikhemistri yeslurry, kwenza ukuqinisekiswa kwesandla rhoqo kube yinto ebalulekileyo.
Iindlela zokusilela ezikhethekileyo kwindawo yokwemba ziquka ukukrazulwa kwesensor, ukulinganisa, ukonakala kwe-elektroniki, kunye nokwakheka kwezinto zenkqubo kwiindawo zesensor. Iinkqubo zokulungisa ziquka ukulungiswa okucwangcisiweyo, kubandakanya ukucoca ngoomatshini, ukulinganisa kwakhona, kunye nokutshintshwa kweendawo zesensor ezigugileyo. Iindlela zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza—ezifana nokuphawulwa kweempazamo ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuxilongwa kwendawo, kunye nokuphindaphinda ngokusebenzisa amalungiselelo eesensor ezimbini—zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukujonga ukugxila kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nokubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza emva kweempazamo. Izisensor zeprofayili zesitayile seSmartDiver ziphucula ngakumbi ukuphindaphinda ngokubonelela ngokuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo, ngexesha langempela kwamanqanaba oxinano kunye nodaka.
Iinkqubo zoLawulo lwe-Automated Thickener
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-thickener ezizenzekelayo ngoku zidityaniswe nedatha eguquguqukayo- iimpawu zokutya, uxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi, kunye ne-drive torque evela kwindlela ye-thickener rake-ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nokwahlulwa kolwelo. Zibandakanya impendulo evela kumlinganiselo woxinano olungaphakathi, uxinzelelo, kunye nee-sensors ze-torque ye-rake, ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa amaqhinga olawulo oluguquguqukayo ukuze zilungelelanise iiparameter ezininzi zenkqubo ngaxeshanye. Ulawulo lokuqikelela lweModeli (i-MPC) kunye nabalawuli be-fuzzy logic balungisa ngokuguquguqukayo iindawo zolawulo ukuze bazinzise uxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi-nokuba iipropati zokutya okanye iimfuno zedosi ye-flocculant zitshintsha ngenxa yokutshintsha kwe-ore blends.
Amaqhinga olawulo aphambili agxila kulawulo lwenqanaba lempahla—ukwandisa umthwalo we-thickener solids ngelixa kuthintela ukugcwala okanye ukubopha kwerake. Impendulo ye-rake torque isetyenziselwa ukukhusela ukugcwala kwerake kunye nokuthintela okusebenzayo kokubanjwa kwerake okanye ukubopha, kubalulekile ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwezixhobo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo. Ulawulo lwe-thickener loxinzelelo lokungangeni kwamanzi luqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela ejongiweyo yoyilo lwe-thickener rake kunye nempendulo ye-torque. Ukufunyanwa kwexesha langempela kunye neenkqubo ze-alamu ezenzekelayo ziqala amanyathelo okulungisa ngokukhawuleza—ukunyusa izinga lepompo yokungangeni kwamanzi, ukulungisa idosi ye-flocculant, okanye ukutshintsha indawo yokuphakamisa irake ukuze kuthintelwe iziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
Ukuphucula umxholo we-overflow solids yenye injongo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo. Iinkqubo eziphambili zisebenzisa impendulo eqhubekayo ukuze zilungelelanise ukwenziwa ngcono kwedosi ye-polyelectrolyte kwimigodi, zinikezela ngamanzi okubuyisela amdaka asemgangathweni ophezulu kwaye zinciphise iindleko zokujikeleza kwamanzi kwinkqubo. Ulawulo oluqhutywa yidatha lugcina ukusebenza kuyo yonke intshukumo yenkqubo, luxhasa uphicotho lwenkqubo yezimbiwa kunye nemizamo yokuphucula.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha ngexesha langempela kubalulekile kulawulo lwe-predictive thickener. Amaqonga azenzekelayo athatha idatha ye-sensor nge-latency ephantsi, ayondla kwiinkqubo zolawulo ezikwaziyo ukuxela kwangaphambili kwexesha elifutshane kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiziganeko ezingaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, uhlalutyo lokuqikelela olusebenzisa i-setized interface level, uxinaniso lwe-underflow, kunye noxinzelelo lodaka luxhasa ukubonwa kwangethuba kweziganeko eziphazamisayo ze-thickener kwaye luvumela ukungenelela okuzenzakalelayo, okujoliswe kuko ngaphambi kokuba imida yenkqubo iphulwe. Ukuhlanganiswa kokulinganiswa kwemitha yoxinano kushishino lwezemigodi kunye nokubhalwa kweziganeko eziqhutywa yi-sensor kwenza ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweenkqubo ze-automation ze-thickener kwi-plantwide, okunyusa ngakumbi amanyathelo okhuseleko lwe-thickener kunye neziphumo zokusebenza kwizityalo ezintsonkothileyo zokucubungula izimbiwa.
Xa zizonke, ezi ndlela ziphambili ziseka inkqubo eqinileyo yokwenza ngcono imveliso, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha amanzi, kunye nokuthintela iziganeko ezimbi ezifana nokubopha iraki kwimisebenzi yokuqinisa i-industrial kwiimeko ze-polymetallic lead-zinc.
I-Thickener--apho kusetyenziswa khona ii-flocculants
*
Ukubopha iRake, ukuThatywa, kunye nokuthintela ukuKhutshwa koMzimba
Iindlela Ezibangela Ukubopha kunye Nokugqithisela I-Rake
Kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc, izithambisi zoshishino zixhomekeke kwiindlela ze-rake ukuze zahlule ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zisuse amanzi. Ukubopha i-rake kwenzeka xa iingalo ze-rake zidibana nokumelana okugqithisileyo—ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwezinto kwi-thickener bed okanye kufutshane nendawo yokukhupha. Ukugqithisa i-rake kubhekisa kumandla adlula imida yoyilo, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni ukusilela kwenxalenye.
Ukwakheka kwezinto—okuqhutywa kukunyuka ngequbuliso kokutya kwezinto eziqinileyo, ulawulo olubi loxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi, okanye ukubalwa kwedosi ye-flocculant engafanelekanga—kunyusa kakhulu ukutsalwa kwe-hydraulic kunye noxinzelelo loomatshini kwiingalo kunye nee-drives ze-rake. Iimodeli ze-Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) kunye ne-Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ziqinisekisa ukuba i-sludge rheology, i-thickener geometry, amazinga okutya, kunye nesantya se-rake zonke zibalulekile: utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lukhawulezisa umngcipheko wokuvaleka. Umzekelo, kwi-deep cone thickeners eziphatha i-lead zinc ore beneficiation, i-solids feed engalunganga kakuhle kunye ne-flocculant overdose zibonakalisiwe ukuba zibangela iziganeko zokubopha kunye nokugqithisa kakhulu. Idatha yasentsimini evela kwimisebenzi yaseTshayina ye-lead-zinc iqinisekisa ezi ngozi kwaye igxininisa iingenelo zoyilo oluphuculweyo lwe-thickener rake kunye neendawo zokusebenza.
Iimpawu Zesilumkiso Kwangethuba kunye Nezisombululo Zokujonga Ixesha Langempela
Iimpawu zesilumkiso zakuqala zohambo lwe-rake torque zihlala ziquka ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwe-drive torque, ukuguquguquka okungaguqukiyo kumanqanaba ebhedi yodaka, kunye nesantya esinciphileyo se-rake. Izisombululo zokujonga ixesha langempela zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokulinganisa i-torque kunye ne-drag ezizenzekelayo, ukuqatshelwa kwepateni yezibalo, kunye nemodeli ebonakalayo ene-FEA ezizilinganisayo. Iinkqubo ze-sensor ezikwi-inline eziphambili, ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwezimboni zaseLonnmeter, zibonelela ngempendulo eqhubekayo malunga noxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi kunye neempawu zebhedi yodaka, ezinokubonisa ukugqithiswa okanye ukubopha okuqalekayo.
Iimodeli zokufunda ngoomatshini ziqhuba idatha yokungcangcazela bukhoma kunye nokusebenza ukuze zibonise i-torque engaqhelekanga yerake ngaphambi kokuba ingasebenzi—ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu embalwa kwangaphambili. Abaqhubi banokuphendula ngokulungisa iidosi ze-polyelectrolyte, ukulungelelanisa kwakhona iimeko zokutya, okanye ukwenza ulondolozo lokuthintela. Izicwangciso zolawulo oluzenzekelayo ezidibanisa umlinganiselo woxinano oluphakathi kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-torque ziye zabonakaliswa ukuba zinciphisa ukuvalwa okungxamisekileyo kwaye zithintele iimeko zengozi zokubopha irake ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezityalo zokucubungula izimbiwa.
Iishedyuli zoLondolozo kunye neeNkqubo zokuSebenza
Ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle koomatshini kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza kwe-thickener, iishedyuli zokulungisa kufuneka zigxile ekuhlolweni rhoqo kwee-rake arms, oololiwe bokuqhuba, kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa i-torque. Ukugcina irekhodi lohambo lwe-torque olubonwe, imijikelo yokuthambisa, kunye nokulinganiswa kwemitha yoxinano kwishishini lezemigodi kubalulekile.
Iiprotokholi zokusebenza kufuneka ziqinisekise:
- Uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo lwesampulu yodaka kunye nokuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwezinto eziqinileyo.
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwamanqanaba ojongano kunye nodaka ukuze kulawulwe uxinano lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo zemitha yoxinano olungaphakathi ezifana neLonnmeter.
Ukunamathela kwiindlela ezilungileyo zokugcina i-thickener iqinile—kuquka ukurekhoda okuneenkcukacha zezenzo zokuthintela kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwizilumkiso zokubeka esweni—kubonisa ukuphucuka okukhulu kwiimodeli zokugcina ezisabelayo ezigxile kwiziganeko zokuqhekeka. La manyathelo axhasa ngokuthe ngqo amanyathelo okhuseleko lwe-thickener kwaye anciphisa umngcipheko wokubanjwa kwereki ebiza kakhulu.
Iingenelo zoLawulo oluSebenzayo
Ulawulo olusebenzayo kwiisekethe zokutyebisa luthintela ukubanjwa kwereyikhi eyingozi kwaye lukhuthaza ukucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngokuphucula rhoqo iiparameter zokusebenza. Ingxelo yexesha langempela—ingakumbi xa idibene neenkqubo zolawulo lweengcali—igcina izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-rake torque, uxinano olungaphantsi kwamanzi, kunye nenqanaba lodaka ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo.
Imizekelo evela kuphicotho lweenkqubo zezimbiwa kunye neenkqubo zokuziqhelanisa ze-thickener ityhila oku:
- Ukuncipha okukhulu kwexesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga emva kokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zolawulo lweengcali.
- Uzinzo oluphuculweyo lwenkqubo ngokujonga uxinaniso oluqhubekayo lwe-solids kunye nohlengahlengiso oluguquguqukayo lwe-flocculant kunye ne-polyelectrolyte dosage.
- Amanqanaba aphantsi okuguguleka koomatshini kunye nokugqithisa kakhulu, okuxhasa amaxesha amade okusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuqina kwe-thickener.
Ekugqibeleni, iindlela zokuthintela umonakalo—ukusuka kwi-automation edibeneyo ukuya kwiishedyuli zokulungisa izinto kwangaphambili—zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluqinileyo kwi-rake overload ngelixa zigcina ukuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kweshishini.
Uphicotho lweeNkqubo zeMineral kunye noLungiso lokuSebenza ngokuThibilikisayo
Uhlolo lweenkqubo zezimbiwa olucwangcisiweyo kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc lugxile kuvavanyo olupheleleyo lokusebenza kwe-industrial thickener, lugxininisa umgangatho we-underflow kunye nokusebenza kwe-rake. Olu hlolo lusebenzisa uvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo lweeparameter ze-hydraulic—ezifana ne-feed flux, i-rise rate, kunye nobunzulu be-bed—ngelixa lubeka phambili izalathisi zokusebenza eziphambili (ii-KPI) ezifana noxinano lwe-underflow, uxinano lwezinto eziqinileyo, i-rake torque, kunye neeprofayili zamandla. Ulawulo oluqinileyo kwezi zinto ziguquguqukayo lubalulekile ekuphepheni ukuxinana kwe-mud-bed, ukuvaleka, kunye nokungaphumeleli koomatshini kubandakanya ukubopha kwe-rake okanye ukubanjwa kwe-rake.
Uphicotho oluCwangcisiweyo: Ukugxila kweHydraulic kunye neMechanical
Uhlolo ludla ngokubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa okucwangcisiweyo:
- Ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic kuvavanywa ngokulinganisela ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukujonga ukucaca kokugcwala kwamanzi, kunye nokulandelela amazinga okutsalwa kwamanzi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-rake thickener kuhlalutya ii-torque curves, iipatheni zoxinzelelo loomatshini, kunye neeprofayili zokuguguleka, kusetyenziswa iimodeli eziphambili ezifana ne-Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations ukuqikelela ukusasazwa komthwalo kunye nokuchonga iindawo ezinobungozi zokukhusela ukugqithiswa kwe-rake kunye neengozi zokubopha.
- Ukuhlolwa komgangatho wokuhamba kwamanzi kuxhomekeke ekulinganisweni koxinano olungaphakathi kunye neemitha zoxinano lwemizi-mveliso ezifana neLonnmeter, okuvumela uvavanyo lwexesha langempela. Ukulinganiswa kwemitha yoxinano kwimigangatho yemizi-mveliso yezemigodi kuqinisekisa ukufundwa okuthembekileyo kwezinto eziqinileyo zokuhamba kwamanzi, okuxhasa ulawulo lwe-thickener loxinano lokuhamba kwamanzi.
Uhlalutyo lweNkqubo yoKulinganisa Ukusebenza kunye nokuFunyaniswa kweBottleneck
Uhlalutyo lwenkqubo oluqhutywa yidatha lube sisiseko sokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thickener yokulinganisa kwiindawo zemigodi ye-polymetallic.
- Imithombo yedatha yenkqubo eqhubekayo iyahlalutywa ukuze kujongwe iindlela zokuxinana kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, ukubalwa kwedosi ye-flocculant, imveliso yepompo, kunye nemithwalo yoomatshini.
- Ukulinganisa kuquka ukuqinisekisa iimodeli zeComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ngokuchasene namazinga okuhla abonwayo kunye neziphumo zokukhupha amanzi, ukuchonga iingxaki ezifana nokuguquguquka koxinano lokutya okanye ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-reagent.
- Iindlela zokwemba iinkqubo zibala imida yokusebenza, zijonga amazinga okukhupha, kwaye zinxulumanise imiba yokukhupha amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-ore ephezulu.
Imizekelo yemizekelo ibonisa ukuba emva kokuhlolwa kwenkqubo ekujoliswe kuyo, izityalo zibone:
- Ukuzinza koxinzelelo lwezinto eziqinileyo nangona ukutya kuhluka.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flocculant okuncitshisiweyo—ngaphezulu kwe-16% kuhlolo oluninzi.
- Ukwehla kwe-avareji ye-rake torque ngaphezulu kwe-18%, nto leyo ebangele ukuvalwa okuncinci kokugcinwa kunye nokwanda kwexesha lokusebenza.
Amaqhinga oPhuculo oluQhubekekayo: Ukulungisa iDosage, iExtract, kunye neendlela zeRake
Ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo ephindaphindayo kubalulekile kwimilinganiselo yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thickener:
- Umlinganiselo we-Flocculant ulungiswa ngovavanyo lwebhasti yelebhu kunye novavanyo lwasentsimini, ukulinganisela isantya sedimentation kunye noxinano lwe-floc ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa komthamo we-polyelectrolyte ofanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphucula i-zinc ore.
- Amanqanaba okukhupha amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ahlengahlengiswa ngokuguquguqukayo kusetyenziswa ii-pump frequency converters kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ezisekelwe kwimodeli. I-PID okanye i-model predictive logic idibanisa impendulo ye-sensor—njengedatha yoxinano lwexesha langempela le-Lonnmeter—ukugcina uxinano olufanelekileyo lwe-underflow.
- Iindlela zokurhawula ziphuculwa ngolawulo oluhambelanayo olusebenzisa impendulo evela kwisenzi. Umzekelo, isikhokelo sokugcinwa kweshedyuli yokugcinwa kwemodeli ye-FSI kunye ne-CFD-FEA kunye nokuphuculwa koyilo lwerhawula yokutyebisa. Oku kuthintela ukugcwala kunye nokubopha irhawula, kuxhasa ukusebenza okuqinileyo kwexesha elide.
Izikhokelo zokuphucula eziqhubekayo ziquka iindlela ezilungileyo zokugcinwa rhoqo kwe-thickener:
- Ukuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo kweendawo zoomatshini kunye neenkqubo zolawulo.
- Ukulinganisa izixhobo ezingaphakathi kunye neemitha zoxinano ukuqinisekisa ukujonga ngokuchanekileyo uxinaniso lwezinto eziqinileyo.
- Ukuphonononga nokuhlaziya iinkqubo zokuziqhelanisa ze-thickener, ukulungelelanisa idatha ye-sensor kunye ne-logic yokusebenza ukuze kuncitshiswe ngakumbi iingozi.
Indlela edibeneyo—uphicotho-zincwadi, uhlalutyo, kunye nolawulo oluphindaphindayo—yenza ukuba izityalo ezisebenza ngokucokisekileyo zibe ngcono, zisebenze kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye zinciphise iingozi ezibizayo. Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kunye nokuphuculwa okucwangcisiweyo kuxhasa ukubuyiswa kwezixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi, kujongana nemingeni eyahlukileyo yemigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca amanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koqoqosho
Ukulinganisela uxinzelelo lwe-thickener underflow kunye namandla kunye neendleko ze-reagent kubalulekile kwiindlela zokukhupha amanzi kwimigodi. Kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc, ukubeka iinjongo ezifanelekileyo ze-underflow solids concentration kubalulekile kuba kugqiba ngokuthe ngqo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okupompa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-flocculant. Ukutyhala uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu kwandisa i-slurry viscosity kunye noxinzelelo lwemveliso, kunyusa iimfuno zamandla epompo kunye nokuguguleka koomatshini. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, uxinzelelo olungasebenzi kakuhle lubangela ukuphathwa kwamanzi ngokugqithisileyo, kufuna amazinga aphezulu okupompa kunye ne-reagent dosing engaphezulu ukugcina uzinzo kunye nenkqubo. Indlela eqhutywa yidatha, edibanisa uphicotho olusebenzayo oluthile lwezityalo kunye neemodeli zokuphucula, ivumela ukukhethwa ngononophelo kweenjongo ezifanelana kakuhle nemida yokuthutha kunye nezixhobo ngelixa inciphisa iindleko zizonke.
Iindlela zokusebenza kwi-thickeners zoshishino kufuneka ziqhubele phambili ukubuyiswa kwamanzi ngamandla, zilinganise ukhuseleko, ukuphuma kwamanzi, kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zokugcinwa kwe-thickener. Kwi-thickeners ezinoxinano oluphezulu okanye olune-paste, ulawulo olucokisekileyo lokubala idosi ye-flocculant kunye nokwenza ngcono i-polyelectrolyte kubalulekile. Ukulinganisa i-reagent, okuhambelana ngexesha langempela ukuze kondliwe umahluko, kuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-floc enamandla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idosi egqithisileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ukunyuka kweendleko zokusebenza okanye ukusebenza kakubi kokukhupha amanzi. Imisebenzi yanamhlanje ixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ze-automation ze-thickener eziphambili—ezisebenzisa umlinganiselo woxinano oluphakathi (ngezixhobo ezinokuthenjwa ezifana ne-Imitha yoxinano lwemizi-mveliso yaseLonnmeter) kunye nokulinganiswa kwemitha yoxinano oluqhubekayo kwiimeko zoshishino lwezemigodi. Olu lawulo lwenkqubo oluqinileyo luqhuba ukuhambelana koxinano lwe-thickener underflow kwaye lwenza ukuba impendulo ekhawulezileyo iphenduleke kwiingxaki zenkqubo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokugcwala kwe-rake, ingozi yokubopha i-rake, kunye nokubanjwa kwe-rake. Uyilo lwe-thickener thickener kunye nokugcinwa kweendlela ezifanelekileyo kuyafuneka ukuze kuthintelwe ukumiswa kunye neziganeko zokhuseleko, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho i-output eninzi ikhutshwa khona.
Iingenelo zobungakanani zolawulo lwe-thickener oluphuculweyo zibalulekile ekuphuculeni isityalo sokucubungula izimbiwa kunye nenkqubo yokuphucula i-zinc ore. Izifundo eziqinisekisiweyo kwii-concentrators ezininzi ze-zinc-lead zibonisa ukuba ukujonga uxinano oluqhubekayo lwe-solids kunye nolawulo loxinano olujoliswe kwi-thickener lufezekisa uzinzo lokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-2-3% yoyilo, kunye nokonga i-flocculant ye-10-20% kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15% yokupompa i-tailings. Uzinzo oluphuculweyo lwenkqubo luvumela ukuphuphuma okuphezulu kwesityalo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko okanye iinjongo zokubuyisela amanzi. Ukulinganisa uxinano olungaphakathi kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lweengcali zivelisa impendulo yexesha langempela yokuphucula umthamo we-flocculant kwimigodi, ukuxhasa ulawulo lwe-reagent oluqinileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwenkqubo. Ukwanda kokubuyiselwa kwamanzi kunegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekunciphiseni ukungenisa amanzi acocekileyo kunye neenyawo ezincinci ze-tailings, ukuphucula ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kunye nozinzo lokusingqongileyo.
Ukubeka iliso kugxininiso lwe-thickener solids oluphuculweyo akuphuculi nje kuphela ukuthembeka kokusebenza kodwa kunciphisa neendleko zokusebenza zizonke, kwandisa inzuzo yendawo. Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo luqinisekisa ukuba ukuguquguquka koxinano kuyancitshiswa—okubangela amazinga okukhupha azinzileyo, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe idosi encinci, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi enkqubo. Ezi nzuzo zisasazeka kumandla, i-reagent, kunye neendleko zamanzi, ziqinisa ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza koqoqosho lwe-thickeners zoshishino kwiindawo zemigodi ye-polymetallic lead-zinc.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Yintoni umsebenzi oyintloko we-industrial thickener kwi-polymetallic lead kunye ne-zinc mine?
Isixhobo sokuqina semizi-mveliso kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead-zinc sahlula amanzi kwizinto eziqinileyo kwi-slurry yokucubungula izimbiwa. Umsebenzi waso ophambili kukwandisa ukubuyiswa kwamanzi kunye nokugxila kwizinto eziqinileyo ngokufakwa kwe-gravity sedimentation. Ukugeleza kwamanzi okujiyileyo kuya ekulahleni i-tailings okanye ekuncediseni ngakumbi, ngelixa ukugcwala okucacisiweyo kusetyenziswa kwakhona njengamanzi enkqubo. Oku kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kwaye kunceda ukuthobela imida yokukhupha okusingqongileyo.
Ulawulo lwe-thickener loxinzelelo lwe-underflow luthintela njani iingozi zokubopha i-rake?
Ukubopha ireyikhi etyebileyo kwenzeka xa uxinzelelo lwe-solids luphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo enyusa ukumelana kunye ne-torque kwindlela yereyikhi. Ulawulo lwexesha langempela loxinzelelo lwe-underflow—kusetyenziswa iimitha zoxinano lwe-intanethi kunye neenkqubo ze-automation—luqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziqinileyo aziqokeleli kakhulu, nto leyo egcina i-torque ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli koomatshini, ukubanjwa kwereyikhi, kunye nexesha elibizayo lokusebenza. Iinkqubo zolawulo, ezinje ngabalawuli be-PID kunye nabaguquli be-frequency, zilungisa ngokukhutheleyo izinga lokupompa kwe-underflow ukugcina uxinano olufanelekileyo kunye nokuphepha ukuvaleka ngokomzimba.
Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela ukubalwa kwedosi ye-flocculant kwi-rake thickeners?
Umthamo weFlocculant uphenjelelwa ziinguqu ezininzi zenkqubo:
- Iimpawu zokutya: Umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo kunye nokwakheka kweeminerali kuqinisekisa ukuba kufuneka i-flocculant engakanani ukuze kubekho ukuhlanganiswa kweentwana ezisebenza kakuhle.
- Isantya sokuhamba kodaka: Ukugeleza okuphezulu kunokufuna i-flocculant eyongezelelekileyo ukuze kubekho ukurhawuzelelwa ngokukhawuleza.
- Uxinzelelo olufunekayo lokuqukuqela kwamanzi: Uxinano olujoliswe kulo luchaphazela amandla okuhlanganisa kunye namazinga okuhlala.
- Uhlobo lwentsimbi kunye nomxube: Iintsimbi ze-polymetallic (imixube ye-lead-zinc) ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwi-single-mineral feeds.
- Ingxelo yexesha langempela: Ulawulo oluphambili lusebenzisa umlinganiselo woxinano olungaphakathi ukuze lulungise idosi njengoko iimeko zokutya zitshintsha.
Ukuphucula kuthintela ukugqithiswa kwedosi, okunokunciphisa uxinano lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kwaye konyuse iindleko zeekhemikhali. Ukubalwa kwedosi okuthembekileyo kufuna ukubekwa kweliso okuchanekileyo kokuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinano, njengeemitha zoxinano ezimbini okanye iinkqubo ze-FBRM.
Zithini ii-odithi zeenkqubo zezimbiwa kwaye zinceda njani ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thickener?
Uhlolo lweenkqubo zezimbiwa luhlola ngokucwangcisiweyo ukusebenza kwe-thickener—ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic, indlela esebenza ngayo i-rake mechanism, kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo. Olu hlolo lusebenzisa uhlolo olukwindawo kunye nezixhobo zohlalutyo (umz., i-XRF, i-XRD) ukuze kubonwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ulawulo olubi, okanye imiba yoomatshini. Iziphumo zichonga uphuculo olunokwenzeka: uxinano oluphuculweyo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, amazinga angcono okukhupha amanzi, ukusetyenziswa okuncitshisiweyo kwe-flocculant, kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo (ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubopha i-rake). Uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lukwaqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yolawulo kwaye luxhasa amaqhinga okuphucula isityalo sokucubungula izimbiwa adibeneyo.
Kutheni ukulinganisa uxinano oluphakathi kubalulekile kulawulo lwe-polymetallic thickener?
Ukulinganiswa koxinano olungaphakathi kubonelela ngokubekwa esweni okuqhubekayo nokuchanekileyo koxinzelelo lwe-slurry solids kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kwi-thickener. Iimitha zoxinano oluzenzekelayo, ezifana neemodeli ze-"Lonnmeter", zondla idatha ephilayo kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwenkqubo. Oku kwenza ukuba kubekho uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo lwamazinga epompo kunye needosi ze-flocculant, ukugcina ukugcwala kwamanzi kunye neethagethi zokugcwala. Iinkqubo ezingaphakathi zibonelela ngempendulo ekhawulezileyo kwiipropati zokutya ezitshintshayo, zithintela ukugcwala kweerakhi kwaye zinciphise ukuguguleka koomatshini. Isiphumo kukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, ukusebenza ngcono kokusebenza, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwamanzi okuthembekileyo, ngakumbi kwimigodi ye-polymetallic lead-zinc apho ukwahluka kokutya kuxhaphakile.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-25-2025
