I-polyethylene polymerization yimpendulo engaqhelekanga kakhulu ebeka emngciphekweni ukukhululwa kobushushu okungalawulekiyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo ngequbuliso, kunye nokuqhuma kwe-polymerization okubalekayo ukuba akulawuleki ngokungqongqo; iingozi eziphambili zivela kwi-catalyst overfeeding, ukungena kwe-oxygen okungafunekiyo, kunye nokungcola okuhambayo, apho nokuba kuncinci okunokuthi kutyhale impendulo ngaphaya kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Ukugcina uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo noluncinci oluhle kwi-reactor kubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo: olu xinzelelo luthintela ukungena komoya, lususa iingozi ezinxulumene ne-oxygen, lugcina umoya ongasebenziyo, luphucula ukugquma kwe-nitrogen, lunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlanjwa kakhulu, kwaye lunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ngelixa kunciphisa iingozi zokukhwankqiswa koxinzelelo.
Isityalo sePolyethylene (PE)
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Izizathu kunye noThintelo lwe-Runaway Polymerization
I-polymerization engalawulwayo ibangelwa xa i-catalyst dosing idlula iindawo ezimiselweyo, xa i-oksijini ingena kwisitya senkqubo, okanye xa iinkqubo zokuthintela zingaphumeleli. Iimpazamo ze-Catalyst dosing zinokwenzeka ngenxa yokulawula ukuhamba okungalunganga okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweepompo zokutya, okuvumela izinga lokuphendula ukuba lidlule amandla okususa ubushushu. Ukungena kwe-oksijini, okuhlala kubangelwa zizitywino ezingalunganga, ukugquma i-nitrogen embi, okanye ukuvuza kwe-vacuum, kungenisa i-oxidant enamandla enokukhawulezisa iimpendulo ze-free-radical polymerization ezingaphaya kolawulo. Ukungathintelwa okwaneleyo—nokuba kungenxa yoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-inhibitor okanye i-erratic dosing—kususa enye yemiqobo ebalulekileyo yokubaleka.
Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo okufana nokunyuka kobushushu okanye ukungaphumeleli kokuphazamiseka kunokudodobalisa amazinga okusabela, okuhlala kukhokelela ekunyukeni koxinzelelo oluyingozi. Amaqhinga okuthintela afuna iiprotokholi zokhuseleko ezidibeneyo. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwezithinteli zokusabela kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukusasazeka kwe-free-radical. Ukubeka iliso kumxholo we-oksijini ngee-sensors eziphendula ngokukhawuleza kuthintela ukudlula komxholo we-oksijini kwiinkqubo ze-polymerization; ukuba imida iwele, iiprotokholi zokuvala ezingxamisekileyo ezenzekelayo zinokuhlukanisa kwaye zithomalalise i-reactor.
Useto lokuhamba kweevalvu zokhuseleko kufuneka lucwangciswe ngokusekelwe kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza ukuze kuthintelwe iingozi zokuvalwa kwezityalo ngeekhemikhali. Iivalvu kufuneka ziqalise ukukhupha umoya ngoko nangoko xa iindawo ezimiselweyo ziphulwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo aludluli kwimida yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo. Ukungena kwenitrogen, okwahlukileyo kwi-nitrogen blanketing esisiseko, kubandakanya ukugcwala i-nitrogen kwindawo ye-reactor ukuze kukhutshwe yonke imikhondo yomoya kunye ne-oxygen. Le ndlela ibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuqhuma, njengoko ibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwimithombo yokutsha. Ukungena kwenitrogen blanketing okusebenzayo kunceda ii-reactor zeekhemikhali ngokugcina umaleko ongapheliyo ngelixa kulawula uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle, oluthintela ukungena kwe-oxygen kwaye luphucule ukhuseleko ngokubanzi.
Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zee-reactors ze-polymerization zibeka phambili ulawulo loxinzelelo oluthembekileyo, useto oluqinileyo lokuhamba, ukujonga okuqhubekayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwezicwangciso zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen. Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukuphucula izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso kuqala ngokususwa kwemithombo ye-oksijini kunye nokunamathela ngokungqongqo kwixesha lokusebenza kwiiprotokholi zokhuseleko lwe-reactor ze-polymerization ezimiselweyo.
Ukulawula Uxinzelelo Oluncinci Oluhle kwiiReactors
Ukugcina uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle nge-nitrogen kubalulekile kwi-polymerization reactors. Olu xinzelelo—olugcinwe ngaphezulu nje komoya—lusebenza njengomqobo wokungena komoya. Xa uxinzelelo luhla ngaphantsi kweli nqanaba limiselweyo, ioksijini inokungena kwi-reactor, inyuse umngcipheko we-polymerization ebalekayo okanye ungcoliseko lwemveliso. Ubonelelo lwe-nitrogen olulawulwa rhoqo lukhusela oku.
Ulawulo loxinzelelo lukwakhusela nezixhobo zokhuseleko. Ukwehla koxinzelelo okungeyonjongo kunokukhuba iivalvu zokhuseleko, okubangela ukukhululwa okungacwangciswanga, ukuthotywa koxinzelelo lwe-reactor, kunye nokuvalwa okunokwenzeka. Ulawulo loxinzelelo oluhle olucwangcisiweyo lunciphisa amathuba okukhuba kweevalvu zokhuseleko, ukugcina imveliso kunye nokukhusela abasebenzi.
Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zee-reactors ze-polymerization zidityaniswe ne-nitrogen blanketing kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo loxinzelelo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa umahlukoabathumeli boxinzelelo, njenge-3051, yokujonga nokulungisa ngexesha langempela. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo luhlala ngaphakathi kwefestile emxinwa nefanelekileyo, nto leyo ephucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo loxinzelelo—kunye nokugquma—lukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization ezinzileyo, lunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen, kwaye lunciphisa amathuba okuba umxholo we-oksijini udlule. La manyathelo akha umqolo weendlela ezisebenzayo zokuthintela ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization ebalekayo kwaye axhasa ukususwa kweengozi zokuvalwa kwezityalo zeekhemikhali. Ukulawula uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kwii-reactors kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko, ukuphucula izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso kwimveliso ye-polymer, kunye nokuhambelana neenkqubo zokhuseleko ze-reactor ye-polymerization ezimiselweyo.
Ukulinganisa Uxinzelelo Olungaphakathi kunye noLawulo lweNkqubo oluPhambili
Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo oluhambelanayo kubalulekile ekugcineni uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle ngaphakathi kwee-reactors ze-polyethylene polymerization. Le ndlela ixhasa zombini ukuthintela i-polymerization ebalekayo kunye nokuphelisa iingozi zokuvalwa kwezityalo zeekhemikhali. Ukubeka iliso koxinzelelo ngokuchanekileyo, ngexesha langempela kuphucula i-nitrogen blanketing, kuvumela ulawulo olukhuselekileyo kunye nokuhambelana kwiimeko zokusabela. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukugqithisa komxholo we-oksijini—into ephambili ebangela ukuqhuma kwe-polymerization ebalekayo—kwaye kuxhasa uhambo lweevalvu zokhuseleko, eziyimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko xa kukho ukunyuka koxinzelelo.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline, ezifana netransmitter yoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo ye-3051, zibonelela ngedatha ethembekileyo nekhawulezileyo yokucubungula iinkqubo zolawulo. Zigcina umda woxinzelelo ofunekayo othintela ukungena komoya, zivumela ukungena kwe-nitrogen okusebenzayo ekuthinteleni ukuqhuma, ngelixa zikwaxhasa amaqhinga okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen. Xa zisetyenziselwa ukujonga ngokuqhubekayo, ezi transmitter zibonelela ngempendulo ethembekileyo yohlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo, ngaloo ndlela zinegalelo kwiiprotokholi zokhuseleko lwe-reactor ye-polymerization kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo oluzinzileyo.
Ukudibanisa izixhobo ezikwimigca ethe tye kwenza i-suite epheleleyo yolawulo lwenkqubo oluphambili kwi-polymerization reactors. I-inline concentration meter ilandelela amanqanaba e-monomer, yazisa abaqhubi malunga nokwakheka kwexesha langempela kwaye isebenza njengokhuselo lwangaphambili ngokuchasene nokuphambuka okungakhuselekanga.imitha yoxinano olusemgceniilawula ukuxinana kwesisombululo sepolymer, inika ulwazi olukhawulezileyo malunga nomgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuhambelana kwempendulo—isitshixo sokuphucula izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso kwimveliso yepolymer.imitha ye-viscosity emgceniyongeza olunye ungqinisiso ngokufumanisa utshintsho phakathi kwezigaba zokusabela; idatha yayo ibalulekile ekulungiseni iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezinokuthi ngenye indlela zinyuke ziye kwiimeko ezingakhuselekanga.
Ngaphezu koko, i-inline level transmitter inika ukubonakala kwangexesha langempela kwi-inventory ye-reactant. Le datha ixhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo ze-polymerization reactors ngokuthintela ukugcwala okanye ukunqongophala okungalindelekanga okunokuphazamisa uxinzelelo okanye ubushushu.umthumeli wobushushu obuphakathiivumela ukujongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwee-exotherms, ezinokuba yindawo yokuqala yeemeko ezingaqhelekanga ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Ngokubonelela ngedatha yobushushu ethe ngqo neqhubekayo, inika abaqhubi ulwazi abaludingayo ukuze benze ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kube yimingcipheko emikhulu.
Olu setyenziso oluhambelanayo lokulinganisa okungaphakathi luphumela ekuthembekeni okuphezulu kwenkqubo kunye nemveliso. Ngokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwimithombo yedatha edibeneyo—ukusuka kuxinzelelo ukuya kubushushu,inqanaba, uxinaniso, uxinano, kunye ne-viscosity—iinkqubo zolawulo zenza ukungenelela okuphambili ngoko nangoko. Le ndlela ebanzi ayigcini nje ngokugcina uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle olucetywayo kodwa ikwaxhasa zonke iinkalo zezibonelelo ze-nitrogen blanking kwii-reactors zeekhemikhali, ibeka umgangatho wemisebenzi eqinileyo, ekhuselekileyo, nesebenzayo ye-polymerization.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-Inline yeLonnmeter
Ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zibonelela ngemilinganiselo yexesha langempela, echanekileyo nelungelelaniswe neemfuno ze-nitrogen blanketing kwi-polymerization reactors. Zenzelwe iindawo ze-nitrogen ezicocekileyo nezirhabaxa, ezi transmitters zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-sensor ezithintela ungcoliseko kwaye zimelane nemijikelo yokucoca enamandla. Olu lwakhiwo luqinileyo luqinisekisa ukufundwa okuzinzileyo, okungenamkhukula, okubalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela zokuthintela i-polymerization ezibalekayo ezinokuthenjwa.
Ukufakelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwee-transmitter zeLonnmeter kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo—kuquka imigca yokutya igesi ye-reactor, imigca yokubuyisela iiblanketi, ii-headers zevalvu yokhuseleko loxinzelelo, kunye neendawo zokwahlukanisa—kuvumela ulawulo oluqinileyo kuxinzelelo lweblanketi. Ukubeka iliso ngokuchanekileyo kwezi ntambo kunciphisa kakhulu ukuhamba kweevalvu zokhuseleko, unobangela oqhelekileyo weengozi zokuvala kunye nokungazinzi kwenkqubo kwizityalo ze-polyethylene. Umzekelo, i-transmitter ebekwe phezulu kwivalvu yokhuseleko inokubonisa utshintsho oluncinci loxinzelelo, ithintele ukudlula komxholo we-oksijini kwaye inciphise iingozi ezinxulumene nezizathu zokuqhuma kwe-polymerization ebalekayo.
Ngokugcina uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka, abaqhubi bafezekisa ukunciphisa okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen. Ulawulo oluqinileyo loxinzelelo lunciphisa amazinga okutya kwe-nitrogen agqithisileyo kwaye luphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-nitrogen blanketing xa kuthelekiswa namaqhinga okungenisa i-nitrogen. Iindawo ezixineneyo zoxinzelelo zikwalungelelanisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko lwe-polymerization reactor, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba imveliso engakhange ichazwe iya kufuna ukulungiswa okanye ukulahlwa. Izityalo ziyazuza kumanqanaba aphuculweyo okufaneleka kwemveliso, njengoko iimeko ze-reactor ezizinzileyo zixhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo kunye neempawu ze-polymer ezifanayo.
Ukonga iindleko kuyenzeka kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukususa isidingo sokuvalwa okungxamisekileyo kukhokelela ekuphazamisekeni okuncinci kwimveliso, nto leyo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ixesha lokusebenza kwezityalo. Ukuphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo kunciphisa iindleko ngokugcina ukuhambelana kwebhetshi kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto. Ukongeza, uyilo oluqinileyo lwee-transmitters zeLonnmeter lunciphisa iimfuno zolondolozo, lunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elinxulumene nokulungiswa kwakhona kwe-sensor okanye ukutshintshwa.
Ukusasazwa kwee-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters, nokuba ziyinxalenye yokulawula uxinzelelo oluncinci okanye zidibene neenkqubo zolawulo loxinzelelo lwe-reactor ezikhoyo, kunceda ukuqinisekisa inkqubo ye-polymerization ekhuselekileyo, esebenza kakuhle, kwaye engabizi kakhulu.
Benefyayo of AccurudleNgaphambiqinisekisa NgoMvuloi-itoring in kwizityalo zePolyethylene (PE)
Amaqhinga okusebenza achanekileyo abalulekile ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwee-reactors ze-polymerization, ingakumbi kwimveliso ye-polyethylene (PE) apho kusetyenziswa i-nitrogen blanketing ukuthintela ukungena kwe-oksijini kunye nokunciphisa izizathu zokuqhuma kwe-polymerization. Iindlela eziphambili zigxile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kwii-reactors kunye nokwenza ngcono ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen.
Ukunciphisa Ukusetyenziswa kweNitrogen
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokunikezelwa kwe-nitrogen kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kakhulu ngelixa kugcinwa iimeko zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo. Ukusebenzisa ii-transmitters eziphambili, ezifanaIitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezahlukeneyo ze-3051, abaqhubi banokufikelela kumgaqo osekelwe kwimfuno—ukuhambisa i-nitrogen ngokungqongqo ngokweemfuno zenkqubo. Oku kunciphisa inkcitho kwaye kuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo amaqhinga okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen.
Uyilo lwenkqubo oluquka ii-re-circulation loops kunye noqhagamshelo oluphantsi lokuvuza kunciphisa ngakumbi ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen. Ezi ndlela zigcina imozulu engasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokuhamba kwe-nitrogen okuphantsi, okwandisa ukungena kwe-nitrogen ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqhuma. Ukunyaniseka kwenkqubo ngokufanelekileyo kuthintela ukuphuma kwe-nitrogen eninzi, okwenza i-nitrogen igubungele ukonga ngakumbi kwaye ihlale ixesha elide xa kuthelekiswa nokungangeni kwe-nitrogen yesiqhelo.
Ukuphelisa iingozi zokuvalwa kweenkonzo kunye nokugcina umgangatho wemveliso
Ukubeka iliso rhoqo ngee-transmitters ezithembekileyo ezikwi-inline kubalulekile kwiiprotokholi zokhuseleko lwe-reactor ye-polymerization. Izixhobo ezikwi-inline, ezifana ne-Lonnmeter's density kunye ne-viscosity metres, zilandelela kude iiparameter zenkqubo ebalulekileyo ngexesha langempela, zifumanisa ukuphambuka okuhambayo ngaphambi kokuba kunyuke. Olu buchule luqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwe-reactor okanye ukwakheka kwayo luchongwa kwangethuba ngaphambi kokuba i-safety valve trips eqhelekileyo kwi-polymerization reactors.
Izinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye ne-oxygen excesance zivelisa izilumkiso kwangethuba xa imida isondela kumanqanaba angakhuselekanga. Ingxelo ekhawulezileyo ivumela amanyathelo okulungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo—njengokulungisa i-nitrogen feed, ukuqalisa ukukhupha umoya, okanye ukucothisa ukongeza i-reactant—ukuthintela iimeko ezibangela iingozi zokuvala kunye nokulahlekelwa yimveliso. Ezi ndlela zokulawula uxinzelelo lwe-reactor zibalulekile ekugcineni iimeko ezifanelekileyo, ukuthintela ukugqithisa komxholo we-oxygen kwiinkqubo ze-polymerization, kunye nokuphucula izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso.
Ngokudibanisa la maqhinga, izityalo ze-PE zinokugcina iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zee-reactors ze-polymerization kwaye zifezekise ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwemveliso. Ukusetyenziswa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwee-transmitters eziphambili kunye nokubeka esweni okungaphakathi kubonelela ngokuthembeka kokusebenza, kunciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene ne-polymerization ebalekayo, kwaye kusebenzisa izibonelelo eziphambili ze-nitrogen blanketing kwi-reactors zeekhemikhali.
Uvavanyo loMngcipheko weeNgozi zeGesi kunye nokuBekwa kweliso okuHlanganisiweyo kweNkqubo
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko olucwangcisiweyo lwenza isiseko seenkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zee-reactors ze-polymerization. Abaqhubi basebenzisa izixhobo ezicwangcisiweyo ukuchonga nokuhlalutya iingozi zokuqhuma, begxila kwizizathu eziphambili ezinxulumene ne-polymerization ebalekayo kunye nokungena kwe-oxygen okungalawulwayo. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuqhuma kwe-polymerization ebalekayo ziquka ukungeniswa komoya ngengozi, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweevalvu zokhuseleko, kunye nokuphathwa gwenxa koxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle ngaphakathi kwe-reactor. Besebenzisa ezi zixhobo, izibonelelo zidwelisa iimeko ezinokubakho, ezinje ngokugqithiswa komxholo we-oxygen okanye ukunyuka koxinzelelo, okunokubangela iimpendulo ezingaqhelekanga kunye neziganeko ezilandelayo zoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Le nkqubo ixhasa iindlela ezijolise ekungeneni kwe-nitrogen kunye namaqhinga okugquma, athintela ukutsha kwaye anciphise umngcipheko weengozi zokuvalwa kwe-reactor ye-polymerization.
Ukusebenza kwezi protocols kuyaqina xa kudityaniswa nokubeka esweni okuqhubekayo. Ukudibanisa ii-inline transmitters—ezifana nee-differential pressure transmitters kunye ne-Lonnmeter density kunye ne-viscosity metres—kubonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kwii-reactors. Ezi transmitters zazisa abaqhubi ngokuphambuka kuxinzelelo, uxinano, okanye i-viscosity, okunokubonisa i-polymerization kinetics engakhuselekanga okanye ukungena kwe-oxygen. Imithombo yedatha eqhubekayo ephuculwe yi-process analytics ivumela ukubhaqwa kwangoko kunye nesenzo sokulungisa, ukuphakamisa izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa ii-off-spec batches.
Abaqhubi basebenzisa idatha yenkqubo evela kwiitransmitter ezingaphakathi ukuze baphucule amaqhinga okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwenitrogen. Uhlalutyo olusekelwe kwiziphumo zetransmitter lukhokela amazinga okugquma kwenitrogen kunye nokungena kwayo, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okuncinci okufunekayo ekuthinteleni ukuqhuma ngelixa kugcinwa umqobo wegesi ongasebenziyo. Lo mzamo awugcini nje ngokuphucula imigaqo yokukhusela kodwa ukwaxhasa nokusebenza okungabizi kakhulu ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwereactor.
Ngokudibanisa izixhobo zovavanyo lomngcipheko kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo ehambelanayo—kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwee-3051 differential pressure transmitters kwi-reactors—izibonelelo ziphucula amandla azo okuthintela iingozi, zinciphise ukuvalwa kwezityalo zeekhemikhali, kwaye zigcine imeko-bume elawulwayo. Le ndlela idibeneyo iqinisekisa ukuba iingenelo ze-nitrogen blanketing ziyandiswa kwaye ixhasa inkcubeko yokhuseleko esebenzayo kwimveliso ye-polymer.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Iyintoni indima yokufakwa kwe-nitrogen blanketing ekuthinteleni ukuqhuma kwe-polymerization ebalekayo kwizityalo ze-PE?
Ukugquma i-nitrogen kusebenza njengendlela ephambili yokuthintela i-runaway polymerization ngokususa i-oksijini kwi-atmosphere ye-reactor. I-oksijini sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwi-reactions ezininzi eziyingozi ze-polymerization. Ngokugcina uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle nge-nitrogen, i-reactor ikhuselekile ekungeneni komoya emoyeni, okuya kuthi ngenye indlela ingenise i-oksijini. Le ndlela isusa enye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukuqhuma kwe-runaway polymerization kwaye ibonelela ngamanyathelo okhuseleko aqinileyo ngokwenza ukuba i-oxidation engalawulekiyo kunye ne-recessions ye-chain ekhawulezayo ingenzeki.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline, ezifana neLonnmeter okanye i-3051 differential pressure transmitter, zinegalelo njani kukhuseleko lwe-polymerization reactor?
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline zihlala zibonelela ngokufundwa koxinzelelo oluchanekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lwereactor, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekusebenziseni iinkqubo zanamhlanje zokhuseleko lwereactor polymerization. Ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kotshintsho loxinzelelo kwenza inkqubo yolawulo ikwazi ukulungisa amazinga okutya kwe-nitrogen ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo luhlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Xa uxinzelelo lubonisa imiba efana nokubaleka kwe-catalyst okanye ukuvuza kweoksijini, ezi transmitter zilumkisa abaqhubi ngaphambi kokuba iimeko zibangele uhambo lwevalvu yokhuseleko—into edla ngokubangela iingozi zokuvala izityalo. Impendulo yazo ekhawulezayo ixhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo zeereactor polymerization, ukufumanisa nokujongana neempawu ngaphambi kokuba iireactor ezibalekayo zinyuke.
Zeziphi ezinye izixhobo ezikwimigca engezantsi ekufuneka zidityaniswe kwinkqubo ye-polymerization reactor?
Iskimu esibanzi sezixhobo ze-reactor sidlula umlinganiselo woxinzelelo. Iimitha zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline zijonga amanqanaba e-monomer, ziqinisekisa ukutya okuchanekileyo kwe-reactant. Iimitha zoxinano, ezifana nezo zenziwe yiLonnmeter, zilandelela iipropati zomzimba ze-slurries, zinceda ekuchongeni ukwahlulwa kwesigaba okunxulunyaniswa nokuphambuka kwenkqubo. Iimitha ze-inline viscosity zibonelela ngedatha malunga nokungaguquguquki kwe-polymer ngokutshintsha kwesigaba, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni umgangatho wemveliso. Ii-level transmitters zigcina i-batching echanekileyo kwaye zithintela ukugcwala. Ii-temperature transmitters zibonisa iiprofayili ezingaqhelekanga ze-exothermic, ezinokukhokelela kwiimeko ezibalekayo. Ezi zixhobo kunye, kunye nee-pressure transmitters, zenza iindlela zokulawula uxinzelelo lwe-reactor ezinemilinganiselo emininzi. Ukusebenzisana kwazo kubonelela ngolawulo lwangempela lwazo zonke iiparameter ezibalulekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen kungancitshiswa njani ngexesha le-polymerization kwi-PE reactors?
Amaqhinga okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen asebenzayo axhomekeke ekuchanekeni kwee-transmitters zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline. Ngokulawula rhoqo uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kwii-reactors, inkqubo ithintela ukutya kwe-nitrogen okugqithisileyo okunokwenzeka ngezixhobo ezingachanekanga kangako. Ingxelo yexesha langempela yomthumeli ixhasa ummiselo osekelwe kwimfuno, igcina ngokuqinileyo ukuhamba kwe-nitrogen ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Ukuchonga ukuguquguquka kunye nee-loops zempendulo ezikhawulezayo kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba baphendule ngokukhawuleza ekuthotyweni koxinzelelo, ukuphelisa inkunkuma kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungena kwe-nitrogen ekuthinteleni ukuqhuma kuyakhusela kwaye kuyasebenza.
Ukulawula uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kuphucula njani izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso kwimveliso yepolymer?
Ukugcina uxinzelelo oluncinci oluhle kugcina amanqanaba eoksijini engaphantsi kwemida ebalulekileyo, kuthintela ukugqitha komxholo weoksijini kwiinkqubo zepolymerization. Oku kuzinzisa iimeko zokusabela, kunciphisa iziphene zepolymer ezibangelwa yioksijini—njengokuphela kwetyathanga okanye ukutshintsha kombala—okukhokelela kwiibhetshi ezimbalwa ezingachazwanga. Ulawulo loxinzelelo oluthembekileyo lukwanciphisa amathuba okuphazamiseka kwenkqubo okanye ukuvalwa okungxamisekileyo. Isiphumo yindawo yokuvelisa ehambelanayo exhasa izinga eliphuculweyo lokufaneleka kwemveliso kwimveliso yepolymer, ekugqibeleni inyusa isivuno kwaye inciphise ukuphinda isebenze.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-13-2026
