Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo oluphakathi kubalulekile ekukhuseleni uzinzo lwenkqubo kunye nabasebenzi kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate. Ukubeka iliso rhoqo, ngexesha langempela loxinzelelo kusetyenziswa i-advancedizithumeli ezikwi-intanethi, njengabo baseLonnmeter, bavumela abaqhubi ukuba babone ngokukhawuleza nokuba kukho ukuphambuka okuncinci kwiindawo ezimiselweyo. Olu hlobo lokuphendula luxhasa iingenelo zenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo, luqinisekisa ukuba uhlengahlengiso loxinzelelo lwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukugcina imisebenzi ezinzileyo.
Imveliso ye-Ammonium Nitrate
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Intshayelelo
Imveliso ye-ammonium nitrate iphambili kwishishini lezichumisi zeekhemikhali, ibonelela ngeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezolimo kwihlabathi liphela. Inkqubo yemveliso ye-ammonium nitrate ibandakanya ukusabela kokungaguquguquki phakathi kwe-ammonia engamanzi kunye ne-nitric acid enyibilikisiweyo, okwenza isisombululo esineempawu zeekhemikhali ezichanekileyo. Ukugcina umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza kubalulekile, njengoko ixesha lokungasebenzi okanye ukuphambuka kwemveliso kunokuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwemveliso kwaye kwandise iindleko.
Iifektri zokwenza izichumiso zisebenza phantsi kokuhamba rhoqo, zijongene noxinzelelo lokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo kunye nokunyanzelisa imigaqo yokhuseleko eqinileyo. Ukuphatha i-ammonia engamanzi kuneengozi ezinkulu, ezifana nokuphuma kwetyhefu kunye neengozi eziqhumayo, ezifuna ukuxinana okuqinileyo kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo. Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitric acid, esetyenziswa kwiimpendulo yokungathathi cala, faka izinto ezongezelelweyo zokhuseleko kunye nokugqwala.
Ukusebenza rhoqo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali kuxhomekeke kwiiparamitha zenkqubo ezizinzileyo. Ukutshintshatshintsha koxinzelelo kwi-neutralization reactor kunokuphazamisa iimeko zokusabela, kubeke emngciphekweni ukuphuma kwe-ammonia elulwelo kwaye kubeke emngciphekweni ukhuseleko kunye nokukhupha. Ukusilela koomatshini, ukuguguleka komphezulu we-diaphragm, okanye iiringi zokucoca ezingagcinwanga kakuhle kwiinkqubo zoxinzelelo nazo ziyandisa le mingcipheko.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-intanethi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujongeni nasekulawuleni kwi-intanethi. Ngokuthumela ngoko nangoko uxinzelelo lwe-reactor kwiNkqubo yoLawulo oluSasazwayo (i-DCS) yesityalo, ezi sensors zivumela iingenelo zenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo—zisabela ngexesha langempela kwiimpazamo kwaye ziphucule iimeko ze-reactor. Ukudluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo, ngexesha langempela okuvela kwizixhobo zetransmitter zoxinzelelo kuxhasa ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokungazinzi kwenkqubo, kwaye kunceda ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-ammonium nitrate. I-Lonnmeter kunye nabanye abavelisi bagxila kwizinto zokulinganisa ezinokuthenjwa nezichanekileyo ukuze zihlanganiswe noyilo lwenkqubo oluphambili.
Ukubeka iliso elichanekileyo kuxinzelelo kuvumela abaqhubi ukulawula ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali, ukuphucula ukuthintela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia elulwelo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kweringi yokucoca kunye nokugcinwa komphezulu we-diaphragm. Olu phuculo lolawulo lwenkqubo lubonisa iindlela ezikhoyo zoshishino lwesichumiso seekhemikhali, njengoko izityalo zifuna ukubeka iliso kwi-intanethi kothumeli woxinzelelo oluthembekileyo kwaye zithenga izixhobo ezivela kubaboneleli kunye nabavelisi bothumeli boxinzelelo be-ODM abathembekileyo kwi-intanethi.
Uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo lwereactor luxhasa ukwenziwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esikhuselekileyo nesisebenzayo kwaye luxhasa ukuthembeka komgca wonke wemveliso yesichumiso.
Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yoShishino
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate igxile kwimpendulo yokungaguquguquki phakathi kwe-ammonia engamanzi kunye ne-nitric acid enyibilikisiweyo. I-ammonia engamanzi igcinwa phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye igcinwe kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaguquguquki, ngelixa i-nitric acid enyibilikisiweyo igcinwa kwiitanki ezingamelani nokugqwala ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezirhabaxa. Ezi reactants zimbini zilinganiswa ngononophelo kwaye zondliwa kwi-reactor yokungaguquguquki, apho zifumana khona impendulo engaqhelekanga yokwenza isisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwamazinga okutya okubangela ukungasebenzi kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwi-reactor yokungaguquguquki kubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokungaguquguquki kwemveliso, ngakumbi xa ucinga ngokuguquguquka kwe-ammonia kunye nokugqwala kwe-nitric acid.
Kwishishini lezichumisi zeekhemikhali, i-ammonium nitrate iye yavela njengemveliso yesichumisi ebalaseleyo. Iindlela zamva nje zigxininisa ukuxhaphaka kwayo, apho izixhobo zemveliso eMelika zisebenza phantse ngokupheleleyo kwi-ammonia ukwanelisa imfuno yesichumisi.
Ukuhamba kwemizi-mveliso kuqala ngokugcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-ammonia engamanzi kunye ne-nitric acid enyibilikisiweyo. Iinkqubo zokutya ezilawulwayo, ezihlala zidityaniswa kwiinkqubo zolawulo ezisasazwe (i-DCS), ziqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwee-reactants ukuze zisebenze ngokuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali. Intliziyo yenkqubo—i-reactor yokunganyamezeli—ixhomekeke kulawulo oluchanekileyo loxinzelelo, kusetyenziswa ii-pressure transmitters kunye neenkqubo zolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo ukuze kujongwe ngexesha langempela kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kutshintsho loxinzelelo. Oku kunciphisa iingozi ezifana nokuphuma kwe-ammonia engamanzi kwaye kunceda ukuphucula inkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo ukuze kukhuseleke kwaye kusebenze kakuhle i-reactor.
Emva kokungashukumi, isisombululo se-ammonium nitrate sidluliselwa kwiiyunithi zoxinzelelo, ezidla ngokuba zii-evaporators, ukuze kwandiswe amandla esisombululo ngelixa kulawulwa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Uxinzelelo lujongwa ngokusondeleyo kwiimpawu zemveliso ezifunwayo. Amanyathelo okugqibela abandakanya ukuqina, apho i-ammonium nitrate egxininisiweyo yenziwa ibe zii-prills okanye ii-granules ngokusebenzisa ii-granulation towers kusetyenziswa imijelo yomoya opholileyo. Isigaba ngasinye—uxinzelelo kunye ne-granulation—sifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo lobushushu, inqanaba, kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zenkqubo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo wesichumiso se-ammonium nitrate.
Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo kusekela inqanaba ngalinye kwinkqubo yemveliso. Ukuchaneka ekujongeni uxinzelelo, uxinaniso, uxinano, i-viscosity, inqanaba, kunye nobushushu kuqhuba umgangatho wemveliso, uzinzo lwenkqubo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Izixhobo ezifana nee-transmitters zoxinzelelo ze-ODM ezikwi-intanethi, iiringi zokucoca ukuthintela ukuvaleka kwe-sensor, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo komphezulu we-diaphragm kuthembekile.umthumeli woxinzelelo kwi-intanethiUkubeka esweni kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo iyonke. Iimitha ze-inline density kunye ne-viscosity zeLonnmeter zibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yexesha langempela, ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni iimpawu zesisombululo ngexesha lokuvelisa kunye nokuphucula inkqubo.
Izinto eziqwalaselwe ngokhuseleko zibaluleke kakhulu: ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo inikwa kukhuseleko lokuphathwa kwe-ammonia engamanzi, ukuthintela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia, kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziza kumelana nokugqwala kwe-nitric acid. Ukulawula ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali kujongwana namaqhinga olawulo aphambili, izixhobo eziphuculweyo, kunye nokugcinwa okucokisekileyo. Ezi ndlela zidibeneyo zivumela ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-ammonium nitrate iyonke.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-Ammonium Nitrate
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Indima yeZixhobo eziPhakathi kwiNkqubo yoLungiselelo
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline zibalulekile kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate, ingakumbi ngexesha le-neutralization reaction. Zihlala zilinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-reactor ngokuqina okuphezulu, zibonelela ngempendulo yexesha langempela kwi-Distributed Control System (DCS) kwimveliso yesichumiso. Olu qhagamshelo lwedijithali ngqo luvumela ukujonga rhoqo i-pressure transmitter kwi-intanethi, okuvumela abaqhubi ukuba babone ngokukhawuleza imiqondiso yoxinzelelo engaqhelekanga kwaye baphendule ngaphambi kokuba uhambo lunyuke.
Ingxelo ye-DCS ekhawulezileyo ixhasa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo okulungisa. Ulawulo lokuguquguquka koxinzelelo luyenzeka ngokugcina ixesha lokusebenza lizinzile, ukuthintela ukunyuka koxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza okunokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho wempendulo okanye kubangele ukuphuma kwe-ammonia yolwelo oluyingozi. Umzekelo, ekwenzeni isisombululo se-ammonium nitrate, ukugcina uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuphathweni ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-ammonia yolwelo kwaye kuthintela umngcipheko wokukhululwa ngexesha lokunyuka koxinzelelo. Iingenelo zenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo ziquka uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo olusekelwe kufundo lwe-transmitter, ukwandisa uzinzo lwenkqubo kunye nokunciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla.
Izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezikwi-inline ziphucula ngakumbi ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo. Imitha yoxinzelelo olukwi-inline inika idatha ebalulekileyo malunga ne-reactant kunye noxinzelelo lwemveliso ngexesha langempela. Iimitha zoxinano olukwi-inline kunye ne-viscosity zeLonnmeter zinceda ukujonga iipropati zesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate, zivumela abaqhubi ukuba babone ukuphambuka kwi-fluid dynamics, njengotshintsho kuxinano oluvela ekuphazamisekeni kwenkqubo okanye ekuncitshisweni kwezicelo ze-nitric acid. Ii-inline level transmitters zigcina ivolumu efanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwee-reactors, ziqinisekisa ukuba impendulo yokungathinteli kwimveliso ye-ammonium nitrate yenzeka ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuzalisa kakhulu okanye ukoma. Ii-inline transmitters zibonelela ngokufundwa okuchanekileyo kobushushu, okubalulekileyo ekulawuleni amazinga okuphendula kunye nokugcina ukhuseleko. Xa zidityaniswe ngaphakathi kwe-DCS, ezi zixhobo zenza inkqubo yolawulo olupheleleyo, ziqhubela phambili ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali.
Ababoneleli kunye nabavelisi bee-ODM pressure transmitters ezikwi-intanethi badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni iindlela zoshishino lwe-chemical fertilizer. Banikezela ngezixhobo eziqinileyo nezichanekileyo ezenzelwe iimfuno zokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-ammonium nitrate yanamhlanje. Ii-pressure transmitters eziphambili, eziyilwe ngeempawu ezifana nomsebenzi we-purge ring wokugcinwa komphezulu we-diaphragm, zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nangona kukho iikhemikhali ezirhabaxa. Inkxaso ethembekileyo yomthengisi ivumela izityalo ukuba zilungelelanise imisebenzi, zinciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi, kwaye zithobele imigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo, ngakumbi malunga nokwenza ngcono inkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo kunye nokuthintela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia elulwelo.
Kwimeko yokuveliswa kwe-ammonium nitrate, ukudibanisa ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa obusebenza ngexesha langempela, obusebenza emgceni—kuquka nobo buyilwe yiLonnmeter—kukhuthaza ukuchaneka, kwandisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso, kwaye kuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko lokusebenza kwiindawo zeereactor.
Imingeni yokulinganisa uxinzeleloin Ai-mmoniumNireyithiPuphuhliso
Ulawulo loxinzelelo kwi-neutralization reactor ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate lujongene nemingeni eqhubekayo. Utshintsho olukhawulezayo loxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba okuguqukayo kunokukhokelela ekungazinzini kokusebenza kwaye kubeke emngciphekweni ukuphuma kwe-ammonia engamanzi, nto leyo ebangela ingozi enkulu yokhuseleko. Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo ngexesha langempela kubalulekile ekugcineni iimeko ze-reactor ezihambelanayo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-neutralization reaction, kunye nokuxhasa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali.
Ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zijongana nale micimbi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili be-purge ring. Umsebenzi we-purge ring ukhusela umphezulu we-sensor diaphragm kwi-corrosion kunye nongcoliseko olufumaneka kwisisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Olu yilo lwandisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo ye-transmitter kwaye lugcina ukuchaneka okuphezulu, nokuba luvezwe kwiikhemikhali ezirhabaxa ezifana ne-dilute nitric acid kunye ne-concentrated ammonium nitrate. Ukugcinwa komphezulu we-diaphragm kunceda ukugcina ukuthembeka kokulinganisa, kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali kunye nokunciphisa ukuphuma kwe-ammonia elulwelo.
Ukufakelwa ngobuchule kwee-transmitters zeLonnmeter kwiindawo eziphambili zenkqubo—ezifana nokungena kunye nokuphuma kwe-neutralization reactor, imigca yokuhanjiswa kwe-ammonia kunye ne-nitric acid, kunye namanqanaba okuxinwa—kwenza ukuba kuqokelelwe idatha epheleleyo. Amaxabiso oxinzelelo lwexesha langempela anikezelwa ngaba bathumeli anceda ukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza kwaye anyuse ukwenziwa kweenkqubo xa kudityaniswe ne-Distributed Control Systems (DCS) kwimveliso yesichumiso. Olu dibaniso luxhasa iimpawu eziphambili ezifana nokubonisa imeko yexesha langempela, ukuqalisa i-alamu ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nokwenza ngcono inkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo, ezithi kunye ziphucule ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-ammonium nitrate.
Ukufunyanwa kwee-transmitter zoxinzelelo ezivela kubaboneleli kunye nabavelisi abathembekileyo be-ODM abasasaza uxinzelelo kwi-intanethi kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nezisombululo ezilungiselelwe wena. Amaxesha okukhokela akhawulezayo kunye neendlela zokwenza ngokwezifiso zinceda ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zemeko yokwenziwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Iimveliso zinokuchazwa kwiimeko ezithile zokusabela kokungathinteli, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko kwiindlela ezinkulu zoshishino lwezichumisi zeekhemikhali.
Ukugxila kweLonnmeter kwizixhobo zokulinganisa ubunzima kunye ne-viscosity—akubandakanyi isoftware kunye nezixhobo zenkqubo, kuqinisekisa ubuchule obuzinikeleyo kubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa ngaphakathi. Ngezi zixhobo zokudlulisa uxinzelelo eziqinileyo, izityalo zeekhemikhali zifumana iindlela zokuphucula ulawulo loxinzelelo, ukuthintela ukuvuza, kunye nokuphucula imveliso kwimveliso eqhubekayo ye-ammonium nitrate.
Iingcebiso zoFakelo kunye nokuSebenza kakuhle/iingenelo zeendleko
Ukufakwa ngobuchule kweenkqubo zokuhambisa uxinzelelo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate kubalulekile ukuze kukhuseleke kwaye kuphuculwe ukusebenza. Ii-pressure transmitters mazibekwe kwiindawo zokutya kunye nokukhupha i-reactor, apho umlinganiselo oqokelelweyo unceda ukulawula impendulo ebalulekileyo phakathi kwe-dilute nitric acid kunye ne-liquid ammonia. Ukubeka iliso kwimibhobho ephambili—ye-ammonia engamanzi, i-dilute nitric acid, kunye nesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esiphumayo—kuyimfuneko ukugcina ingqibelelo yokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali kunye nokuxhasa ukwenziwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate esiphucukileyo.
Kwinqanaba lenkqubo esezantsi, kuquka ukugcinwa ngaphandle kwendawo kunye nokufakwa kwesichumiso, ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo kuvumela ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yokutshintshatshintsha koxinzelelo, okuphucula iingenelo zenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo. Ukuqatshelwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwahlulwa kokuvuza okanye uxinzelelo olungakhuselekanga kubaluleke kakhulu kwimigca ephatha i-ammonia engamanzi, ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka. Ukubekwa kweendlela zokuhambisa uxinzelelo kubalulekile ekukhuselekeni kokuphatha i-ammonia engamanzi kunye nokuthintela ukuphuma kwe-ammonia engamanzi, ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye neempahla.
Ukwanda kokusebenza kakuhle kuyakhula xa ukugcinwa komphezulu we-diaphragm kunye nomsebenzi weringi yokucoca kujongwa phambili. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweringi yokucoca kunciphisa ukungcola kwe-sensor, kuzinzisa ukufundwa, kwaye kwandisa ubomi besixhobo. Ii-diaphragms ezigcinwe kakuhle kunye neeringi zokucoca ziqinisekisa ukulinganiswa okuzinzileyo nokuba phakathi kwemijelo erhabaxa, ingakumbi ngexesha lokusabela kokunganyamezeli kwimveliso ye-ammonium nitrate.
Ukubeka esweni i-intanethi ye-transmitter yoxinzelelo ngexesha langempela kwenza kube lula ukwenza ngcono inkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo kwaye kuxhasa i-DCS echanekileyo kwimveliso yesichumisi. Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo neenkqubo zolawulo ezisasazwe (i-DCS) kwenza kube lula ukulawula i-multi-variable closed loop, ukunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwenkqubo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yezinto eziluhlaza. Olu manyano lubonelela ngeendlela ezilinganisekayo zoshishino lwesichumisi seekhemikhali ukuya ekugqweseni kokusebenza, luphucula ukubonakala kwaye luququzelele ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumisi se-ammonium nitrate.
Ukuze bafumane iingenelo zeendleko, ababoneleli kunye nabavelisi be-ODM abathumela uxinzelelo kwi-intanethi bavumela amaziko ukuba akhethe izixhobo eziqinileyo nezilungele ukugcinwa. I-Lonnmeter, njengomvelisi ozinikeleyo weemitha zoxinano oluphakathi kunye ne-viscosity, ayiboneleli ngesoftware yokulawula okanye yokubeka esweni kodwa inegalelo kwizixhobo ezithembekileyo ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni rhoqo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali. Iipateni zokufakela ezilungisiweyo, ukugcinwa rhoqo komphezulu we-diaphragm, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweeringi zokucoca kuqinisekisa izixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide nezichanekileyo kakhulu—ekugqibeleni kunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ngetoni nganye ye-ammonium nitrate eveliswayo. Iindlela zokufakela eziphuculweyo kunye nokudibanisa zivula ukusebenza ngakumbi kuwo onke amanqanaba, ukusuka ekuthinteleni ukuya ekupakishweni kwemveliso yokugqibela.
Isiphelo
Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo oluphakathi kungundoqo wemveliso ye-ammonium nitrate ekhuselekileyo, ethembekileyo, nesebenzayo. Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela lempendulo yokunganyamezeli kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba oxinzelelo afanelekileyo, kuthintela ukuguquguquka ngequbuliso okunokuphazamisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali. Ukubeka iliso kwi-intanethi ngokudlulisa uxinzelelo oluthembekileyo kunciphisa umngcipheko weemeko eziyingozi ezifana nokuphuma kwe-ammonia elulwelo okanye ukwakheka koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, zombini ezibalulekileyo ekuphatheni i-ammonia elulwelo kunye ne-nitric acid encibilikisiweyo ekuvelisweni kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate.
Ukudibanisa izisombululo eziphambili ezifana nee-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters kwinkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo oluvaliweyo kongeza umaleko oqinileyo wozinzo lwenkqubo. Ezi transmitters zixhasa ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo ngokunika idatha echanekileyo ngqo kwi-DCS kwimveliso yesichumisi, ziqhuba uphuculo oluqhubekayo kwiziphumo zenkqubo yokuvelisa isichumisi se-ammonium nitrate. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokukhusela ukhuseleko lwezityalo, kodwa ikwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko ngokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kunye nokuphucula ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo—izinto ezibalulekileyo ekujongeni iindlela zoshishino lwesichumisi seekhemikhali.
Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezinto ezifana nomphezulu we-diaphragm kunye nomsebenzi weringi yokucoca kuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwaye kwandisa ubomi bezixhobo, kunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Ngokunciphisa ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo, izixhobo zanamhlanje zinegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali kunye nokugcina iindlela ezilungileyo zokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate.
Iingcali zoshishino ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zicele ikowuteshini kwaye zihlole izisombululo zezixhobo ezisebenza ngokuphezulu ezivela kubaboneleli abaphambili be-ODM abasasaza uxinzelelo kwi-intanethi. Ukuphucula ukuya kubuchwepheshe obuthembekileyo njengeemveliso zeLonnmeter kunika amandla amaziko okuphucula ukuthembeka kokusebenza, ukuqinisa ukhuseleko, kunye nokufezekisa uphuculo oluqhubekayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Iyintoni inzuzo yenkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo oluvaliweyo kwimveliso ye-ammonium nitrate?
Inkqubo yokulawula uxinzelelo oluvaliweyo izinzisa impendulo yokunganyamezeli kwimveliso ye-ammonium nitrate ngokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo iiparameter zenkqubo kusetyenziswa iinkqubo zolawulo ezisasazwe (i-DCS). Le mpendulo ikhawulezileyo ithintela ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo okungafunekiyo, okunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphuma kwe-ammonia eyingozi. Uxinzelelo oluhlala luhleli lukwagcina umgangatho wesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate ozinzileyo kwaye luxhasa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokhuseleko.
Zifanele zifakwe phi ii-inline pressure transmitters kwizityalo zemveliso ye-ammonium nitrate?
Iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokubeka ziquka imigca yokutya kunye neyokukhupha i-reactor, iindawo zokungena ze-ammonia engamanzi kunye ne-dilute nitric acid, kunye namanqanaba abalulekileyo okwenziwa kwesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate. Ezi ndawo ziqinisekisa ukufunyanwa okuqinileyo, ngexesha langempela kokuphambuka. Ngokufakelwa ngokuchanekileyo, i-DCS kwimveliso yesichumiso inokubhaqa iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ngokukhawuleza, iphucule ulawulo kuyo yonke inkqubo kwaye inciphise ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo okanye iingozi zokusingqongileyo.
Iiringi zokucoca zikhusela njani umphezulu we-diaphragm kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa uxinzelelo?
Iiringi zokucoca zivumela ukucoca ngokucokisekileyo kwaye zinciphise ukuqokelelwa kwezinto eziqinileyo okanye iimveliso ezibolayo kumphezulu we-diaphragm ye-transmitter. Olu yilo lunciphisa ukugcinwa kunye nokuwohloka, lubonelela ngobomi obude benkonzo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima eziqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isichumiso se-ammonium nitrate. Ngokugcina i-diaphragm icocekile kwaye ingenasiphako, iiringi zokucoca zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukujonga ngokuthembekileyo nangokuchanekileyo i-transmitter kwi-intanethi, kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo elinxulumene nokusilela kwezixhobo.
Kutheni kubalulekile nje ukuba ukhuseleko lokuphatha i-ammonia elulwelo lubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye izixhobo zokuhambisa uxinzelelo zinokunceda njani?
I-ammonia engamanzi inobungozi kwaye iyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Uxinzelelo olungalawulwayo lunokubangela ukukhutshwa okuyingozi. Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezingaphakathi zibalulekile kukhuseleko: zibonelela ngononophelo oluqhubekayo kwaye zifumanisa ngoko nangoko iingxaki zoxinzelelo. Xa uxinzelelo ludlula amanqaku amiselweyo, ii-alamu kunye nokuvalwa okuzenzakalelayo kuyaqaliswa, ngokukhawuleza kuthintela naluphi na ukuvuza okanye ukuphuma. Le mpendulo yexesha langempela ayigcini nje ngokunyanzelisa imigangatho yokhuseleko yokuphathwa kwe-ammonia engamanzi kodwa ikwakhusela abasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokubanzi kwingozi enokubakho.
Zeziphi iindima ezidlalwa zizixhobo ezincedisanayo ezikwimigca engezantsi kunye nezithumeli zoxinzelelo?
Kunye neetransmitter zoxinzelelo, izixhobo ezikwimigca efana neemitha zoxinzelelo, iimitha zoxinano, iimitha ze-viscosity (kuquka nezo zenziwe yiLonnmeter), iitransmitter zenqanaba, kunye neetransmitter zobushushu zibonelela ngombono wedijithali opheleleyo weemeko zenkqubo. Xa zidibene, ezi zixhobo zivumela ukwenziwa ngcono kwenkqubo yolawulo loxinzelelo, zixhasa iingenelo zenkqubo ye-closed loop, kwaye ziququzelele ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-ammonium nitrate eqhutywa yidatha. Umzekelo, iimitha ze-inline Lonnmeter density kunye ne-viscosity zinceda ukulawula ukuhambelana komxube, ukuqinisekisa ukuba impendulo yokunganyamezeli ihlala ngaphakathi kweeparamitha ezifunekayo zomgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-15-2026
