Udaka Lwamanzi Amalahle
I. Iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi ebonakalayo
I-slurry yamanzi amalahle yi-slurry eyenziwe ngamalahle, amanzi kunye nenani elincinci lezongezo zeekhemikhali. Ngokwenjongo, i-slurry yamanzi amalahle yahlulwe yaba yi-fuel ye-slurry yamanzi amalahle enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye ne-slurry yamanzi amalahle yokufakela igesi kwi-furnace yaseTexaco. I-slurry yamanzi amalahle inokupompa, i-atomized, igcinwe kwaye itshiswe kwaye itshiswe ikwimeko ezinzileyo. Malunga neetoni ezi-2 ze-slurry yamanzi amalahle zinokuthatha indawo yetoni e-1 yeoyile yamafutha.
I-slurry yamanzi amalahle yokutshisa isebenza ngcono kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokutsha, ukonga amandla kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo, enye yenxalenye ebalulekileyo yetekhnoloji yamalahle acocekileyo. I-slurry yamanzi amalahle inokuthuthwa ngemigama emide ngothutho lwemibhobho ngotyalo-mali oluphantsi kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi. Ingatshiswa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emva kokufika kwisiphelo sendlela, kwaye inkqubo yokugcina kunye nokuthutha ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo.
Amanzi aya kubangela ukulahleka kobushushu kwaye awakwazi ukuvelisa ubushushu kwinkqubo yokutsha. Ke ngoko, uxinzelelo lwamalahle kufuneka lufikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu -- 65 ~ 70% ngokubanzi. Ukongezwa kweekhemikhali malunga ne-1%. Ukulahleka kobushushu okubangelwa ngamanzi kubangela malunga ne-4% yexabiso leekhalori ze-slurry yamanzi amalahle. Amanzi sisixhobo esingafunekiyo ekufakweni kwegesi. Ukusuka kule mbono, uxinzelelo lwamalahle lunokwehliswa luye kwi-62% ~ 65%, nto leyo enokubangela ukwanda kokutsha kweoksijini.
Ukuze kube lula ukusabela ekutshiseni nasekuveliseni igesi, i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ineemfuno ezithile zokuqina kwamalahle. Umda ophezulu wobukhulu be-particle ye-slurry yamanzi amalahle kwi-fuel (ubukhulu be-particle obunezinga lokudlula elingaphantsi kwe-98%) yi-300μm, kwaye umxholo ongaphantsi kwe-74μm (200 mesh) awungaphantsi kwe-75%. Ukuqina kwe-slurry yamanzi amalahle kwi-gasification kukhulu kancinci kunokwe-slurry yamanzi amalahle kwi-fuel. Umda ophezulu wobukhulu be-particle uvunyelwe ukufikelela kwi-1410μm (14 mesh), kwaye umxholo ongaphantsi kwe-74μm (200 mesh) yi-32% ukuya kwi-60%. Ukuze kube lula ukupompa i-slurry yamanzi amalahle nokuyi-atomize, i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ikwaneemfuneko zokuguquguquka.
Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kunye nezinga lokucheba eliyi-100s, i-viscosity ebonakalayo ngokubanzi kufuneka ingabi ngaphezu kwe-1000-1500mPas. I-slurry yamanzi amalahle esetyenziswa ekuthuthweni kwemibhobho emide ifuna i-viscosity ebonakalayo engekho ngaphezulu kwe-800mPa·s phantsi kobushushu obuphantsi (ubushushu obuphantsi bonyaka kwimibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba) kunye nezinga lokucheba eliyi-10s-1. Ukongeza, kufuneka kwakhona ukuba i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ibe ne-viscosity ephantsi xa ikwimeko yokugeleza, elula ukuyisebenzisa; xa iyeka ukugeleza kwaye ikwimeko yokungaguquki, inokubonisa i-viscosity ephezulu ukuze kube lula ukuyigcina.
Ukuzinza kodaka lwamanzi amalahle ngexesha lokugcina nokuthutha kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba udaka lwamanzi amalahle luxubene nezigaba eziqinileyo nezilulwelo, kwaye kulula ukwahlula oluqinileyo nolwelo, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba kungabikho "mvula enzima" eveliswayo ngexesha lokugcina nokuthutha. Oko kubizwa ngokuba "yimvula enzima" kubhekisa kukudaka okungenakubuyiselwa kwimeko yawo yokuqala ngokushukumisa udaka lwamanzi amalahle. Amandla odaka lwamanzi amalahle ukugcina ukusebenza kokungavelisi imvula enzima kubizwa ngokuba "kukuzinza" kodaka lwamanzi amalahle. Udaka lwamanzi amalahle oluzinzileyo kakubi luya kuyichaphazela kakhulu imveliso xa kusenzeka imvula ngexesha lokugcina nokuthutha.
II. Isishwankathelo seTekhnoloji yoLungiselelo lweDaka lamalahle namanzi
Udaka lwamanzi amalahle lufuna uxinaniso oluphezulu lwamalahle, ubungakanani obuncinci bamasuntswana, ulwelo oluhle, kunye nozinzo oluhle ukuze kuthintelwe imvula enzima. Kuya kuba nzima ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezi mpawu zingasentla ngaxeshanye, kuba ezinye zazo zithintelwe macala omabini. Umzekelo, ukwandisa uxinaniso kuya kubangela ukuba uxinaniso lunyuke kwaye ulwelo luwohloke. Ulwelo oluhle kunye noxinaniso oluphantsi kuya kwenza uzinzo lube lubi ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukujonga uxinaniso ngexesha langempela.ILonnmeterimitha yoxinano ephathwayoinobuchaneko obufikelela kwi-0.003 g/ml, nto leyo enokufikelela kumlinganiselo woxinano oluchanekileyo nokulawula ngokuchanekileyo uxinano lwe-slurry.
1. Khetha ngokuchanekileyo i-Raw Coal yokuPulping
Ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zabasebenzisi abasezantsi komlambo, umgangatho wamalahle okukhupha umbane kufuneka uqwalasele iimpawu zawo zokukhupha umbane - ubunzima bokukhupha umbane. Amanye amalahle kulula ukuwakha umdaka wamanzi amalahle axineneyo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Kwamanye amalahle, kunzima okanye kufuna inkqubo yokukhupha umbane enzima ngakumbi kwaye kubiza kakhulu ukwenza umdaka wamanzi amalahle axineneyo. Iimpawu zokukhupha umbane zezinto ezikrwada zokukhupha umbane zinempembelelo enkulu kutyalo-mali, iindleko zemveliso kunye nomgangatho womdaka wamanzi amalahle wesityalo sokukhupha umbane. Ke ngoko, umthetho weempawu zokukhupha umbane wamalahle kufuneka uqwalaselwe, kwaye amalahle aluhlaza okukhupha umbane kufuneka akhethwe ngokweemfuno zokwenyani kunye nemigaqo yobuchule kunye nengqiqo yezoqoqosho.
2. Ukubeka amanqaku
I-slurry yamanzi amalahle ayifuni nje kuphela ubungakanani be-particle yamalahle ukuze ifikelele kubukhulu obuchaziweyo, kodwa ikwafuna nokusasazwa kakuhle kobukhulu be-particle, ukuze ama-particle amalahle anobukhulu obahlukeneyo akwazi ukuzalisana, anciphise izithuba phakathi kwama-particle amalahle, kwaye afezekise "ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqokelelana". Izithuba ezimbalwa zinokunciphisa ubungakanani bamanzi asetyenzisiweyo, kwaye kulula ukwenza i-slurry yamanzi amalahle enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Le teknoloji ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-"grading".
3. Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwepulp kunye nezixhobo
Phantsi kweempawu zobukhulu bee-particle zamalahle aluhlaza kunye neemeko zokugoba, indlela yokwenza ukusasazwa kobukhulu bee-particle kwimveliso yokugqibela ye-slurry yamanzi amalahle kufikelele "ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokuqokelela" ifuna ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezixhobo zokugaya kunye nenkqubo yokugaya.
4. Ukukhetha izongezo ezihambelana nokusebenza
Ukuze i-slurry yamanzi amalahle ifikelele kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-viscosity ephantsi, kunye ne-rheology elungileyo kunye nokuzinza, kufuneka kusetyenziswe inani elincinci leekhemikhali, ezibizwa ngokuba "zizongezo",. Iimolekyuli ze-additive zisebenza kunxibelelwano phakathi kwamasuntswana amalahle namanzi, ezinokunciphisa i-viscosity, ziphucule ukusasazeka kwamasuntswana amalahle emanzini, kwaye ziphucule ukuzinza kwe-slurry yamanzi amalahle. Ubungakanani bezongezo budla ngokuba yi-0.5% ukuya kwi-1% yesixa samalahle. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezongezo, kwaye ifomula ayimiselwanga kwaye kufuneka imiselwe ngophando lovavanyo.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-13-2025
