Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline zibalulekile kwimveliso yesichumiso se-phosphate esikhuselekileyo nesisebenzayo, ingakumbi kwizityalo ze-phosphoric acid ezisebenza ngokumanzi. Zibonelela ngedatha yoxinzelelo ethembekileyo, yexesha langempela kwimibhobho ye-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo ebolayo, zimelana nokugqwala, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye nokuxinana ngemizobo eqinileyo nengadingi kulungiswa. Ukubeka esweni ngokuchanekileyo kuthintela iimeko zoxinzelelo ezingakhuselekanga, kubangela ii-alamu okanye ukuvalwa ukuze kulawulwe iigesi ezinobungozi, kwaye kuthintele ukunyuka okunokonakalisa izixhobo okanye kubangele ukukhululwa. Ukucoca okuphucukileyo kuqinisekisa ukufundwa okuzinzileyo nangona kukho ingxolo yenkqubo, kuxhasa ukuhamba kwe-asidi rhoqo kunye nemveliso esemgangathweni ophezulu.
Isishwankathelo seenkqubo eziphambili zoshishino kwizityalo zePhosphate Fertilizer
Izityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate zisebenzisa kakhulu indlela yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid esebenzisa inkqubo emanzi. Kule nkqubo, i-phosphate ore ecoliweyo kakuhle ixutywa ne-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo. Le nkqubo ye-acidolysis ikhupha i-phosphoric acid ngelixa isenza i-calcium sulfate dihydrate (i-gypsum) njengemveliso ephambili. Impendulo iyaqhubeka njengoko i-sulfuric acid ihlasela iiminerali ze-phosphate, ikhulula i-phosphoric acid kwisigaba solwelo. Ngaphezulu kwe-95% yelitye le-phosphate e-United States litya le ndlela, nto leyo egxininisa indima yalo njengomqolo weshishini lokuvelisa iimveliso eziphambili ezifana ne-monoammonium phosphate kunye nezichumisi ze-calcium superphosphate.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ye-phosphoric acid kuxhomekeke kwiindlela eziqinileyo zokucubungula i-phosphate ore. Ukwahlulwahlulwa kwe-solid-liquid okulungiselelweyo kuyimfuneko ukuze kubekho isivuno esiphezulu se-P2O5 (phosphorus pentoxide). Iiparameter zenkqubo ezifana nokuqina kwe-ore, ubushushu bokusabela, kunye nokulawulwa kwe-sulfuric acid dosing kufuneka kugcinwe ngaphakathi kokunyamezelana okuncinci ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa ngelixa kuncitshiswa ukwenziwa kweemveliso ezingafunekiyo. Ukungaguquguquki kwezi nyathelo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iinkqubo ezisezantsi.
Ukuphathwa kwe-Sulfuric Acid kunye noLawulo lweMveliso eNgaphakathi
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid kufuneka kulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokusasazwa ngokulinganayo kuphucula isivuno se-phosphoric acid kwaye kunciphise i-ore engaphendulwanga. Xa ilawulwa ngempumelelo, ukuhamba kwe-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kunceda nokulawula izinga lokuna kwe-gypsum. Ukuxinana okugqithisileyo okanye ukongezwa kwe-asidi engalinganiyo kunokukhokelela kwi-supersaturation yendawo, ebangela ukukhula kwekristale ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuvaleka okunokwenzeka kwimibhobho okanye kwizixhobo.
Ukubeka esweni ukuhamba okubalulekileyo ngexesha langempela kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukungcola ekuvelisweni kwe-phosphoric acid. Iinkqubo zokulinganisa eziphambili kunye nolawulo zinceda ekujongeni iziphumo zokuphazamiseka kwengxolo kwimisebenzi yokucubungula iikhemikhali, nto leyo ekhokelela kulawulo olungcono lwemveliso ephumayo. Umzekelo, iinkqubo ezilawulwa kakuhle zikhuthaza ukwenziwa kweekristale ze-gypsum ezihluzwayo, ezenza kube lula ukwahlukana kolwelo oluqinileyo kwaye zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza. Olu qwalaselo ekuphathweni kwemveliso ephumayo lubalulekile ekugcineni imveliso kunye nokugcina ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yenkunkuma.
Iindlela Zokuvelisa Izichumiso
Emva kwe-acidolysis kunye nokuhluzwa kokuqala, i-phosphoric acid isebenza njengesiseko sokwakha imveliso yesichumisi kwizityalo zesichumisi se-phosphate. Ukuveliswa kwesichumisi se-Monoammonium phosphate kunye ne-calcium superphosphate kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwe-reactants. Kwi-monoammonium phosphate, i-phosphoric acid esetyenziswa ngomatshini isabela kunye ne-ammonia phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo. Kwinkqubo ye-calcium superphosphate, i-sulfuric acid kunye ne-phosphate rock ziyadityaniswa ukuze kuvele umxube wesichumisi ophezulu kwi-phosphorus enyibilikayo.
Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwezi mpendulo lufuna ukubekwa esweni ngokuchanekileyo kokuhamba kwe-asidi kunye nomlinganiselo we-solid-liquid. Ulawulo olunjalo lunciphisa iimpendulo ezingalindelekanga kwaye luphucula umgangatho wesichumiso. Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwemveliso ephuma kwi-calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) luhlala lubalulekile; ukuqokelelana okanye ukwahlukana okungafanelekanga kunokubangela iingxaki zokusebenza kulo lonke isityalo. Ngokuphucula inqanaba ngalinye—ukusuka kwiindlela zokuqala zokucubungula i-phosphate ore ukuya kulawulo lwemveliso ephuma kwi-extra—izityalo zikhupha imveliso eninzi, zinciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi, kwaye zixhasa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kwezixhobo zazo.
Iindlela zokunciphisa ukususwa rhoqo kunye nokucoca, kunye nokuphuculwa kozinzo lokulinganisa kwiinkqubo zoshishino, ziphucula ngakumbi ukulungiswa kwamaza okugcina. Ezi ndlela zibalaseleyo zokusebenza kwezityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer zinceda ukuthintela iingxaki eziphindaphindayo kwaye zigcine ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kweegesi zenkqubo kunye ne-asidi kuyo yonke indawo.
Ukujongana nemingeni yokusebenza kwiSilinganiselo soxinzelelo oluphakathi
Ukuvaleka kokungcola kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengxaki
Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid, ingakumbi kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid emanzi, imibhobho ethwala i-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-phosphate slurry ijongene nemingeni emikhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kokungcola. Iindlela zokucubungula i-phosphate ore zihlala zizisa amasuntswana anganyibilikiyo, aqokelelanayo aze akhokelele ekuvalekeni kwepayipi okuncinci okanye okupheleleyo. Ukuxinana okubangelwa zezi zinto zingcolileyo kunye nokuxutywa kwe-acid kunye ne-slurry kwenza kube nzima ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo, okubangela ukufundwa okungazinzanga kunye nokumiswa kwemveliso engacwangciswanga.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezichanekileyo kakhulu zifumanisa nokuba kukho izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezincinci ngexesha langempela, nto leyo evumela abaqhubi ukuba babone ukungcola okuvalekileyo kwasekuqaleni. Olu phawu lukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukungcola okuvalekileyo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid kwaye lunciphisa amathuba okuphazamiseka kwenkqubo. Ukudibanisa iitransmitter eziphambili kuxhasa ukusombulula iingxaki ezinxulumene nemiphumo yokuphazamiseka kwengxolo ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali, kugcina ukuthembeka komlinganiselo nangona kukho iimeko ezinzima zokuhamba.
Isichumiso sePhosphate
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Ukulungiswa Kwamaxesha Okugcinwa Kwamaxesha kunye Nokuphuculwa Kokucoca
Iindawo ezinobungozi zeekhemikhali—ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwimveliso yesichumiso se-monoammonium phosphate okanye kwimveliso yesichumiso se-calcium superphosphate—zikhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwee-sensors kunye ne-connecting hardware. Oku kukhokelela kwimisebenzi yokuqhaqha rhoqo kunye nokucoca, okwandisa amaxesha okugcinwa kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Ukungenelela ngesandla kwinkonzo okanye ukulinganisa izixhobo kukwabeka abasebenzi kwiimeko ezinobungozi zeekhemikhali.
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline, ezenzelwe ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nokuvalwa okuqinileyo, zibonelela ngezisombululo zolondolozo lwexesha elide lwezixhobo zemveliso ye-phosphoric acid. Idatha yoxinzelelo ethembekileyo, yexesha langempela inciphisa isidingo sokuqhaqha rhoqo. Abaqhubi banokujolisa ekucoceni ngokusekelwe kwiindlela zokuxilonga, behambelana namaqhinga okuqhaqha rhoqo kunye nokunciphisa ukucoca. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu phuculo lunceda ukulawula amaxesha okugcinwa kunye nokuxhasa iindlela ezilungileyo nezingabizi kakhulu zokusebenza kwezityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer.
Uzinzo lokulinganisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo
Imveliso ye-phosphoric acid kushishino ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwe-sensor rhoqo. Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo ozinzileyo nochanekileyo ubalulekile kulawulo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo ye-acidolysis ekuvelisweni kwe-phosphoric acid. Zidibene noxinzelelo oluphakathi, uxinano, i-viscosity, inqanaba, kunye neemitha zobushushu—ezifana nezo zeLonnmeter—ii-pressure transmitters zivumela abaqhubi ukuba bajonge yonke into yolwelo lwenkqubo.
Esi sixhobo sibanzi sibonelela ngoxilongo oluxabisekileyo lokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid. Umzekelo, utshintsho kuxinzelelo olunxulumene nedatha yoxinzelelo okanye ubuninzi lungatyhila iimpawu zokuqala zokwakheka kwesikali okanye ukuvaleka okungaphelelanga, okubangela ukungenelela okujoliswe kuko. Ezi nkqubo zidibeneyo zonyusa ngokuthe ngqo isivuno, zigcina ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwemveliso ye-gypsum ye-calcium sulfate dihydrate, kwaye ziphucule imisebenzi yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid emanzi.
Ukuqinisekisa uKhuseleko ngokuphatha izinto eziyingozi
Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke izigaba zokusebenza kwezityalo zeekhemikhali ngenxa yokuphathwa kweegesi ezitshayo neziqhumayo, ingakumbi ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwe-asidi. Ukunyuka koxinzelelo okungalawulwayo kunokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwemibhobho, ukukhutshwa kwegesi enobungozi, okanye nokuqhuma. Izinzwa ezingaphakathi, ngakumbi ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters, zenza umgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela kwezi ngozi.
Zixhotyiswe ngamandla okubona ngokukhawuleza kunye nemisebenzi yokuvala ethembekileyo ebangelwa yi-alamu, ezi transmitters zidlulisela ngokukhawuleza iingxaki zoxinzelelo. Oku kwenza ukuba iiprotokholi zokuvala ngokukhawuleza zisebenze, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kweegesi ezitshayo neziqhumayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali. Ukusebenzisa ukubekwa esweni okuqinileyo nokwangexesha lokwenyani kubalulekile ekukhuseleni iziseko zophuhliso zabasebenzi kunye nezityalo ngexesha lokusebenza kwezityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer.
Ii-Lonnmeter Inline Pressure Transmitters: Iingenelo zeMveliso kunye neZisombululo
Ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zakhiwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso ye-phosphoric acid kwimizi-mveliso, zimelana neemeko ezinzima ezifumaneka kwizityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer. Ulwakhiwo lwazo oluqinileyo lwe-diaphragm kunye nezinto ezimanzi zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo, i-reagent eqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid, kunye nokunyamezela ukuguquguquka rhoqo kwenkqubo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukuzinza kokulinganisa.
Ngeempawu ezidityanisiweyo zokuzixilonga, ezi transmitters zihlala zijonga impilo yazo, zibonelela ngemveliso yedijithali ngexesha langempela. Olu buchule lubalulekile ekujongeni iimeko zokuvaleka kokungcola okuxhaphakileyo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid emanzi, apho i-phosphate ore kunye neemveliso ezifana ne-calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) zihlala ziqokelelana. Ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kweziganeko zokuvaleka okunjalo kunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo, okubalulekileyo ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokugcina iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenza kwezityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer.
Ezi transmitters zibonelela ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo, ebaluleke kakhulu xa kusingathwa ulwelo olubolayo okanye olurhabaxa, njengoko lufunyenwe ngexesha lenkqubo ye-acidolysis kwiindlela zokucubungula i-phosphate ore. Izixhobo zabo zokwakha eziphambili zivumela ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo, zinciphisa isidingo sokuqhaqha kunye nokucoca rhoqo—indawo eqhelekileyo yentlungu enxulunyaniswa nemiphumo yokuphazamiseka kwe-turbulence ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali. Oku kunciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla kuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo ukulungiswa kwamaza okugcina izityalo zesichumiso kwaye kunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza zizonke.
Ukudibanisa ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters nezixhobo ezixhasayo—ezifana ne-inline concentration, i-density, i-viscosity, i-level, kunye ne-temperature sensors—kudala inkqubo yokubeka esweni edibeneyo, eqhutywa yidatha. Le network yokusebenzisana ivumela ukubonwa kwangoko kweemeko zenkqubo ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngokunyuka koxinzelelo okanye utshintsho lolwakhiwo, olunokukhokelela kwiingozi zokhuseleko okanye ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kweekhemikhali. Le ndlela iphucula ukuthintela ukungcola kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid, iphucula ukwabiwa kwezixhobo, kwaye ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweemveliso ezifana ne-gypsum, ixhasa ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwimveliso yesichumiso se-calcium superphosphate kunye ne-monoammonium phosphate.
Ngokubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ngokudibeneyo, ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zijongana nemingeni eyahlukileyo yokusetyenziswa kwe-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid. Ukufakwa kwazo kukhuthaza ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kweegesi ezivuthayo neziqhumayo ezidibana nazo ngexesha lokucubungula i-phosphate ore, zibonelela ngengqiqo yokusebenza esebenzisekayo, kwaye ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokulinganisa nakwiindawo ezimanzi kakhulu.
Iindawo ezicetyiswayo zokufaka kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezikwi-inline kufuneka zifakwe ngobuchule kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid. Kwizityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate, ezi ndawo zibalulekileyo ziindawo zokutya ze-sulfuric acid ezinyibilikisiweyo, umxube we-reaction, kunye neendawo zokukhupha i-gypsum. Indawo nganye ifumana amandla ahlukeneyo enkqubo—ukusuka ekuhanjisweni kokutya okuzinzileyo ukuya kwiimpendulo ezikhawulezayo kunye nokwahlulwa kwe-slurry enzima—okufuna ukujonga uxinzelelo olucwangcisiweyo, ngexesha langempela ukuze kujongwe imveliso ngokuthembekileyo.
Ukuphinda-phinda kubalulekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu. Iindawo eziqhele ukuqokelelwa kokungcola—ezifana nee-bends, mixers, kunye neendawo ezincinci zepayipi—ziindawo ezihlala zixinene, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuveliswa kwe-phosphoric acid emanzi kunye nokuveliswa kwesichumiso se-calcium superphosphate. Ngokufaka ii-sensors ezihambelanayo kwezi ndawo, amaqela asebenzayo anokubona ukungangqinelani okubangelwa kukuvalwa kwendawo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-turbulence, okuphucula kakhulu uzinzo lokulinganisa nangona iimeko zenkqubo zitshintsha okanye izinto eziqinileyo ziqala ukuhlala.
Ukuphucula ngakumbi ukuchaneka kwenkqubo, kuyacetyiswa ukuthunyelwa kwezixhobo ezixhasayo kufutshane. Iitransmitter ezikwimigca yoxinzelelo, uxinano (kuquka izixhobo zeLonnmeter), i-viscosity, inqanaba lolwelo, kunye nobushushu kufuneka zithungelwe ngaphakathi kwisekethe efanayo yeekhemikhali. Olu lungiselelo lwenza ukuba kuqinisekiswe iiparameter ezininzi. Umzekelo, ngexesha lenkqubo ye-acidolysis kwimveliso yesichumiso se-monoammonium phosphate, uxinzelelo olujikelezayo olune-concentration kunye nokufundwa koxinano kunceda ekufumaneni iimpawu zokuqala zokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo okanye ukwakheka kokungcola ngaphambi kokuba i-gypsum precipitation ityebise i-slurry okanye ivale ukuhamba.
Ukuphucula olu lwakhiwo lokubeka esweni kuvelisa iingenelo ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza. Ukubekwa kakuhle kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwemisebenzi kujongana ngokuthe ngqo nokuthintela ukuvaleka kokungcola kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid, kunciphisa ukusilela okubangelwa yingxubakaxaka, kwaye kunciphisa isidingo sokuqhaqha kunye nokucoca rhoqo. Ukugcinwa kwesantya kuyehla, kunceda ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo ezibizayo kwaye kwandise ubomi bezixhobo ezibalulekileyo. Ukuqinisekiswa okudibeneyo kuzo zonke izixhobo zoxinzelelo, uxinano, kunye nobushushu kwenza ukusombulula ingxaki yokuvaleka kokungcola kube ngcono ngakumbi, kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko—ingakumbi apho kubandakanyeka khona i-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kunye neegesi eziqhumayo. Izityalo zifumana iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi ngokulinganisela kwaye zifezekisa iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenza kwezityalo ze-phosphate fertilizer. Ukubonakala kwenkqubo okuphuculweyo kuxhasa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kulo lonke ulawulo lwemveliso ye-calcium sulfate dihydrate gypsum kunye nazo zonke izigaba zemveliso ye-phosphoric acid kwimizi-mveliso.
Isiphelo: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko kwimveliso ye-Phosphoric Acid
Ukubeka iliso loxinzelelo oluhambelanayo ngexesha langempela kubalulekile kwizityalo zesichumisi se-phosphate ezijolise ekwandiseni ukusebenza kakuhle nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid. Ukufaka izithumeli zoxinzelelo eziphambili—kuquka ezo ziyilwe kwaye zenziwe yiLonnmeter—kuvumela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha okuqhubekayo kuyo yonke imveliso ye-phosphoric acid emanzi kunye neenkqubo ezinxulumene noko ezifana nokuveliswa kwesichumisi se-monoammonium phosphate kunye nokuveliswa kwesichumisi se-calcium superphosphate. Ukufundwa koxinzelelo okuchanekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwenza amaqela olawulo lwenkqubo aphendule ngoko nangoko kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo kwi-acidolysis okanye xa kusingathwa iigesi ezivuthayo neziqhumayo.
Ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni ngcono amaxesha okugcinwa kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi. Ngokunikezela ngedatha echanekileyo nechanekileyo, ezi transmitters zixhasa amaqhinga anciphisa isidingo sokuqhaqha nokucoca rhoqo, nokuba phantsi kweemeko ezichaphazeleka kukungacoceki, ukuphazamiseka kwe-turbulence, kunye nokukhula okuvela kwiimveliso ze-gypsum ze-calcium sulfate dihydrate. Uzinzo lokulinganisa kuyo yonke indawo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid kushishino lunegalelo ekuphuculeni ixesha elide lokusebenza kwezixhobo kunye nokusebenza kwazo.
Ukudibanisa izinzwa zoxinzelelo zexesha langempela ngqo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zombhobho kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba bagcine ukuthobela okuphezulu imigangatho yokhuseleko kunye neemfuno zomthetho. Abasebenzi bezakhiwo bakhuselwe ngokusebenzisa amandla okufumanisa nokuphendula ngokufanelekileyo—okubalulekileyo xa besebenza ngezinto ezinobungozi okanye ezidlakadlaka kakhulu. Ukunamathela kwiindlela ezilungileyo ngexesha lokucubungula i-phosphate ore kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo akupheleli nje ekwenzeni kube lula ukusebenza kodwa kukwaphucula nocwangciso lokugcinwa kwexesha elide kwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukusebenzisa ii-Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters eziphambili kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-acidolysis kunika amandla abaqhubi ukuba basombulule iingxaki zokuvaleka kokungcola ngendlela ekhawulezileyo. Kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuba kukho isiphithiphithi, kuxhasa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo, kwaye kuvumela izityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate ukuba ziphucule imveliso yazo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko okanye ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
1. Ukubeka esweni uxinzelelo ngexesha langempela kuphucula njani ukuthintela ukuvaleka kokungcola kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid?
Ukubeka iliso kuxinzelelo ngexesha langempela kubonelela ngembono ekhawulezileyo yeemeko zoxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwimibhobho ye-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-phosphoric acid emanzi. Ukuqhekeka okanye ukwehla koxinzelelo okungaqhelekanga kubonisa ukuqokelelwa kwangoko kokungcola okufana nodaka lwe-phosphate okanye iikristale ze-gypsum, ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-turbulence kwaye zii-agents eziqhelekileyo zokuvaleka. Ngokuphonononga idatha yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, abaqhubi banokubona ezi anomalies kwinqanaba lokuqala, bangenelele ngokukhawuleza ukucoca okanye ukunyanga iindawo ezichaphazelekileyo ngamakhemikhali. Le ndlela ijoliswe kuyo ithintela ukuvaleka okukhulu, inciphisa umngcipheko wokuvalwa kwezityalo ngenkani, kwaye yenza kube lula ulawulo lokungcola xa kuthelekiswa nokuhlolwa okungaphenduliyo rhoqo. Umzekelo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo ngequbuliso phezulu kwevalvu yokulawula kudla ngokubonisa idiphozithi evelayo, okubangela isenzo sokusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukuvaleka kwe-calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum).
2. Kutheni ukuzinza komatshini wokuhambisa uxinzelelo oluphakathi kubalulekile kwimibhobho ye-sulfuric acid enyibilikisiweyo?
Ukufundwa koxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kubalulekile ekulinganisweni kwe-asidi ngokuchanekileyo kunye nolawulo lwesantya sokuphendula kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid kwimizi-mveliso. Ukungazinzi ekulinganisweni koxinzelelo kunokubangela ukondliwa okungaphantsi okanye okugqithisileyo kwe-asidi, okukhokelela kwi-acidolysis embi, ukucutshungulwa okungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-phosphate ore, okanye isivuno sesichumiso se-monoammonium phosphate kunye ne-calcium superphosphate esingaqhelekanga. Ukungazinzi nako kunokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwenkqubo; ukuguquguquka kunokungaqatshelwa de kubangele ukuvuza okanye ukudinwa kwezixhobo. Ukugcina umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluzinzileyo ke ngoko kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo, ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kweekhemikhali, ixesha elide lezixhobo, kunye nokuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kweegesi ezitshayo neziqhumayo kwizityalo zeekhemikhali.
3. Ngaba umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluphakathi unganciphisa ukugcinwa rhoqo kwezityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate?
Iitransmitter zoxinzelelo ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo zixhasa ukulungiswa kwamaza okugcinwa ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiinkqubo zokuqhaqha rhoqo kunye nokucoca. Zivumela amaqhinga okugcina kwangaphambili asekelwe kwidatha yokusebenza yokwenyani endaweni yeeshedyuli ezimiselweyo. Umzekelo, xa ukufundwa koxinzelelo kuhlala kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo, abaqhubi banokulibazisa uhlolo oluphazamisayo, banciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi kunye nokuvezwa okungafunekiyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi ze-asidi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate ezifuna ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kwezixhobo zemveliso ye-phosphoric acid, njengoko kunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphazamiseka kokucoca rhoqo ngesandla.
4. Zifanele zifakwe phi ii-inline pressure transmitters kwimibhobho ye-sulfuric acid?
Iindawo zokufakela izithumeli zoxinzelelo ezingaphakathi kufuneka zikhethwe kugxilwe kukubaluleka kwenkqubo kunye nomngcipheko wokuvaleka. Iindawo eziphambili ziquka indawo yokutya yemibhobho kunye neendawo zokukhupha amanzi—apho kulindeleke utshintsho loxinzelelo—kunye neendawo ezikufutshane ne-turbulence zoxinzelelo ezikhawulezisa imvula yokungcola. Ukubeka izithumeli ngaphambi nasemva kweevalvu zolawulo ezibalulekileyo kuvumela ukujonga umahluko woxinzelelo, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukufumana indawo yokuvaleka okukhulayo okanye ukubona ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga okubangelwa kukwakheka kwegypsum kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ezi ndlela zilungileyo zokusebenza kwezityalo zesichumiso se-phosphate zinceda ukugcina ulwalathiso oluqhubekayo lokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokhuseleko.
5. Zeziphi ezinye izixhobo ezikwimigca engezantsi ezifanele zihambe nezithumeli zoxinzelelo kwimveliso ye-phosphoric acid esetyenziswa ngamanzi?
Indlela ebanzi yokusebenzisa izixhobo idibanisa izithumeli zoxinzelelo kunye nezinzwa zoxinzelelo oluphakathi, uxinano, uxinano, inqanaba, kunye nobushushu. Olu seto lweeparameter ezininzi luphucula ulawulo lwenkqubo, olwenza ukuba kubekho uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo kuzo zonke izigaba—njengokulawulwa okuqinileyo ngexesha lokulinganisa i-asidi okanye ukujonga ngexesha langempela ulawulo lwemveliso ephuma kwi-calcium sulfate dihydrate. Umzekelo, iimitha zoxinano oluphakathi kunye noxinano oluphakathi kweLonnmeter zibonelela ngedatha ephambili malunga nokungaguquguquki koludaka, zizalisekisa iindlela zoxinzelelo zokusombulula ingxaki yokungcola okuphambili. Xa zisetyenziswa kunye, ezi zixhobo zenza inkqubo epheleleyo ekhulisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo, ukhuseleko lokusebenza, kunye nemveliso yesichumiso se-monoammonium phosphate esinemveliso ephezulu.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-14-2026
