Ukubuyiswa kwePillar kunyeGob Area PukujikelezakwiMigodi
I. Ukubaluleka koBuyiselo lweeNtsika kunyeGob Area Pukujikeleza
Kwimigodi engaphantsi komhlaba, ukubuyiswa kweepillar kunye nokulungiswa kwendawo ye-gob ziinkqubo ezibalulekileyo nezidibeneyo ezishiya impembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweemigodi. Iipillar zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokwakha ukuxhasa iindawo ezicingayo. Ukubuyiswa ngempumelelo kwezi pillars kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga lokubuyiswa kwezixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba kwaye kumisela iingenelo zoqoqosho zomgodi. Inani elikhulu le-ore liya kushiywa ngasemva ukuba azinakufumaneka ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinkunkuma enkulu kunye nelahleko enkulu kwinzuzo iyonke kwemigodi.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukucubungula indawo engcolileyo ye-gob kunokukhokelela kuthotho lwemiba yokhuseleko. Uxinzelelo lomhlaba luyaqokelelana ngokwanda kweendawo ze-gob, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokuguquka kweentsika kunye nokusilela phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Oku kunokubangela ukuwa kophahla olukhulu, ukushukuma kwamatye, ukuhla komphezulu, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokuwa, okubangela imiphumo emibi kubasebenzi nakwizixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
Ukubuyiselwa okungalunganga kweepillar kunye nokulungiswa kwendawo ye-gob kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zendalo ezifana namanqanaba amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba aphazamisekileyo, izityalo eziphezu komhlaba ezonakeleyo, kunye nokungalingani kwenkqubo yendalo yendawo. Ke ngoko, ukubuyiswa kweepillar okusebenzayo kunye nokulungiswa kwendawo ngokwesayensi kubaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso ekhuselekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ezi nkqubo zifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokubanzi malunga nobudlelwane bazo obudibeneyo kwizicwangciso zemigodi.
II. Ukubuyiselwa kweNtsika
(1) Iindlela Eziqhelekileyo
Iindlela zokubuyisela iintsika ziquka ukumisa isithuba esivulekileyo, ukuzalisa umqolo, kunye nokugquma, nganye ifanelekile kwiimeko ezithile ezihambelanayo.
I-Open Stoping yindlela efanelekileyo yee-oreodies ezinelitye elizinzileyo kunye neendawo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo. Ineenkqubo ezilula zokwemba kunye neendleko eziphantsi kodwa ishiya iintsika ezininzi eziseleyo. Ukubuyiselwa okulibazisekileyo okanye okungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo oluqinileyo, okubeka iingozi ezinokubakho ekuqhubekeni nophando.
I-Backfill ifanelekile kwii-ore okanye imigodi yexabiso eliphezulu eneemfuno ezingqongqo zokuhla komhlaba. Ibandakanya ukusebenzisa izinto zokuzalisa ukuzinzisa ilitye elijikelezileyo, ukuphucula amazinga okubuyiswa kwe-ore, kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquka komphezulu. Izixhobo eziphambili, ezifanaiimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry kwi-intanethi, inceda ekuboneni amandla ezinto ezizaliswayo ngokulinganisa uxinano ngexesha langempela.ILonnmeteribonelela ngezixhobo ezikrelekrele zezisombululo zemigodi ezenzekelayo.Qhagamshelana nathiUkuze ufumane okungakumbi ngeemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry kwi-intanethi. Nangona kunjalo, i-backfill ibangela iindleko eziphezulu kunye nobunzima.
Ukugquma kusetyenziswa kwiindawo apho imiba yemiqolomba yamatye ejikelezileyo ngokwendalo okanye ngokwendawo enokuphathwa khona ngokugquma ngenkani. Kuthintela uxinzelelo kodwa kunokunyusa ukuxinana kwesinyithi kwaye kuchaphazele imijelo ekufutshane.
(2) Isifundo seTyala
Thatha indlela yegumbi kunye neentsika njengomzekelo ukubonisa inkqubo yokubuyisela ngokweenkcukacha. Umgodi usebenzise ukubhola okuthe nkqo, okufana nefeni kwiindawo eziphakathi kweentsika, ukubhola okuthe tye kwiinsika zophahla, kunye nokubhola okuphakathi kweentsika zomgangatho. Ulandelelwano lokuqhushumba lucwangciswe ngononophelo ukulawula indlela yokuwa kwentsimbi kunye nobubanzi bayo. Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ziqinisekise ukuba umoya omtsha ungena kwiindlela ze-scraper ngeendlela ezisezantsi; umoya ongcolisiweyo ukhutshwa ngomthombo wokungenisa umoya ophezulu ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womoya. Emva koko iintsimbi eziqhekekileyo ziyakhutshelwa ngaphandle ngokuthe tye kwaye zirhuqwe yimoto yomgodi osezantsi ngokufanelekileyo.
(3) Amanqaku aPhambili ekuBuyiseni Ubomi
Kubalulekile ukukhetha iindlela zokubuyisela ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezithile zeepilari eziguquguqukayo ngexesha lokubuyisela iintsika. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlela ekhethiweyo ivumela ukubuyiselwa kweentsimbi ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kokhuseleko emva kokuvavanya zonke izinto ezinje ngobukhulu, imilo, uzinzo lwelitye lesinyithi, kunye nokusasazwa kwendawo yeentsimbi ezijikelezileyo, njl. Uxinzelelo kunye nokuguquka kweentsimbi kufuneka kujongwe ngexesha langempela ngenxa yokoyika nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga.
Ukukhusela uzinzo lweensika kubalulekile ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela. Ngexesha lesigaba sokubuyisela i-stope, iiparameter zokwemba kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ukuthintela umonakalo omkhulu kwiinsika. Ngexesha lemisebenzi yokubuyisela, iimeko zoxinzelelo kunye nokuguquguquka kweensika kufuneka zijongwe ngexesha langempela. Ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezifunyenweyo, icebo lokubuyisela kufuneka lilungiswe ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokufaka izixhobo ezifana nezinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye nabahloli bokufuduka ukuqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweemeko zeensika.
Uyilo lokuqala lwemigodi lusisiseko sokubuyiselwa ngempumelelo kweentsika. Uyilo olufanelekileyo endleleni nasegumbini, kunye neenkqubo ezidibeneyo zokungenisa umoya, ukuthutha kunye nokukhupha amanzi amdaka zonke zibonelela ngeenzuzo kwimisebenzi elandelayo yokumba, ukuqhumisa, kunye nokukhutshelwa kwentsimbi. Umzekelo, uyilo oluchanekileyo lwe-gradient kunye nobude be-mucking drifts luqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwentsimbi ngokulula.
Imisebenzi yokuqhumisa kunye nokukhutshelwa kwe-ore kufuneka icwangciswe ngokufanelekileyo. Iiparamitha zokuqhumisa kufuneka zichongwe ngokwesayensi ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo seentsika kunye neempawu ze-ore ukuthintela ukuqhumisa ukuba kungabangela impembelelo enkulu kwiintsika kunye namatye ajikelezileyo. Inkqubo yokukhutshelwa kwe-ore kufuneka icwangciswe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqokelelwa kwe-ore, okunokuthintela imisebenzi elandelayo kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Umzekelo, ukuphucula isithuba semingxuma yokuqhumisa kunye nobungakanani beendleko zokuqhumisa ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye nobunzima beentsika ezahlukeneyo kunokufezekisa ukuqhekeka kwe-ore ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokubuyiselwa ngokukhuselekileyo.
III.Gi-obArea Pukujikeleza
(1) Injongo
Injongo ephambili yokucubungula indawo ye-gob kukusasaza kwakhona uxinzelelo oluxinzelelweyo, ukufezekisa ulungelelwaniso olutsha kuxinzelelo lwamatye ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yokwemba ekhuselekileyo nezinzileyo. Ukuba ayilungiswanga, uxinzelelo kwiindawo ze-gob lunokukhokelela ekuweni kophahla, ekufudukeni kwamatye, nakwezinye iingozi.
(2) Iindlela Eziqhelekileyo
Ukugquma Amatye: Iziqhushumbisi zidiliza amatye ajikelezileyo ukuze zizalise iindawo ezingenanto, zinciphisa uxinzelelo kwaye zenze umaleko we-buffer. Ubunzulu bezinto ezigqunywe amatye kufuneka budlule kwiimitha ezili-15–20 ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Iindlela eziphambili zokuqhumisa, ezifana nokuqhumisa imingxunya enzulu, ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ugcino lwe-backfill: Ifanelekile kwimigodi ye-ore ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye neendawo ezineemfuno ezingqongqo zozinzo lomphezulu. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ziquka inkunkuma, isanti, iintsalela, kunye nekhonkrithi. Ukulawula ngokungqongqo uxinano kunye nokusasazwa kwe-backfill kwandisa amandla enkxaso.
Ukutywina: Ukwakha iindonga ezixineneyo zokwahlukanisa kwiitonela zokufikelela ukuze kuthintelwe iimpembelelo zokuqhuma. Le yindlela yesibini, ikakhulu kwiindawo ezincinci.
IV. Ulwalamano phakathi koBuyiselo lwePillar kunye nokuCwangciswa kweNdawo yeGob
Ezi nkqubo zixhomekeke kwenye. Ukulungiswa kweepillar kuchaphazela uzinzo lwendawo ye-gob, njengoko ukususa iintsika kuphinda kwandise uxinzelelo, okunokukhokelela ekuweni kophahla nakwezinye iingozi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukulungiswa kwendawo ye-gob kuchaphazela ukhuseleko kunye nokwenzeka kokulungiswa kweepillar. Iindawo ze-gob ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo zinciphisa uxinzelelo kwiipillar ezisele, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Umyalelo wokuphunyezwa uxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nomsebenzi woxinzelelo, iimeko zomzimba, kunye nezicwangciso zemveliso. Umzekelo, uxinzelelo olunzima lufuna ukucutshungulwa kwendawo ye-gob kuqala, ngelixa ilitye elibuthathaka lisenokufuna ukubuyiselwa kwepillar ngaxeshanye kunye nonyango lwendawo ye-gob ngaxeshanye.
V. Izifundo Ezifundiweyo
Yenza izicwangciso ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zejoloji, usebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka esweni eziphambili zokulandelela uxinzelelo lwexesha langempela kunye nokufuduka.
Thelekisa kwaye ulungise amaqhinga ahlukeneyo okulungisa indawo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye ne-gob kunye nesoftware yokulinganisa ukuqikelela iziphumo, ukunciphisa iingozi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Oku kuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kweepillar kunye nokucutshungulwa kwendawo ye-gob, kuphucula ukhuseleko lwemigodi, imveliso, kunye nokuzinza.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-22-2025
