Ukulinganiswa koxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene, kuxhasa imveliso ephuculiweyo, ukhuseleko, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho oluqinileyo. Ukubeka esweni ngokuchanekileyo koxinano lwe-slurry kuqinisekisa ukuba zombini i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE) kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-polyethylene ziveliswa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngokuqinileyo, zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iinjongo zokusebenza eziphambili kuzo zonke izigaba zemveliso.
Intshayelelo kwiindlela zokuvelisa iPolyethylene
I-Polyethylene, ingakumbi i-polyethylene enoxinano olukhulu (i-HDPE), ibalulekile kwiziseko zophuhliso zanamhlanje, ukupakisha, iimoto, kunye namashishini okwakha. Umlinganiselo wayo ophezulu wamandla ukuya kuxinano olukhulu, ukumelana neekhemikhali, kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo kukhokelele ekusetyenzisweni ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo, kunye nemibhobho ye-HDPE, izikhongozeli, kunye neefilimu ezifumaneka kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwiinkqubo zamanzi okusela ukuya kwiipakethe zokutya.
I-HDPE iveliswa ikakhulu ziindlela ezintathu ze-polymerization zoshishino: inkqubo ye-slurry, inkqubo ye-gas-phase, kunye nenkqubo yesisombululo. Nganye ibumba iipropati zokugqibela ze-polymer, ichaphazela ukhuseleko lokusebenza, kwaye imisela ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo ye-slurry, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokumiswa, isebenzisa i-hydrocarbon solvent njengendlela apho i-ethylene monomers i-polymerize khona, yenza amasuntswana e-HDPE aqinileyo axhonyiweyo. Iinkqubo ze-gas-phase zisebenza ngaphandle kwe-solvents, zisebenzisa ii-reactors zebhedi ezi-fluidized ukuze zenze i-ethylene nge-suspending catalyst particles kwindawo enegesi. Iinkqubo zesisombululo zinyibilikisa i-polymer kwi-hydrocarbon solvent kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, zivelisa i-HDPE eneprofayili ezithile zepropathi, nangona le ndlela ibona ukusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo ngenxa yobunzima bokusebenza.
Ubuchwepheshe bePolyethylene
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Phakathi kwezi, inkqubo yokulunywa lukhetho olukhethwayo kwindawo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene, ngakumbi kwiiklasi ze-HDPE ezisemgangathweni nezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-PE80 kunye ne-PE100 kwizicelo zemibhobho. Le nkqubo iyakwazi ukumelana nobunzima, iyakwazi ukuguquguquka, kwaye ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo malunga nokusasazwa kobunzima beemolekyuli ze-HDPE—ibalulekile kwizicelo ezifuna amandla oomatshini kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka. Ukulula kwayo kokwahlulwa kwe-solvent kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lweeklasi ze-HDPE kwenza kube yinto eyimfuneko ekuveliseni iimveliso ezinemigangatho yomgangatho oqinileyo, njengemibhobho eqinileyo kunye nezikhongozeli zoshishino ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. I-polymerization ye-slurry elungiselelweyo ibeke uphawu lokuthembeka, ukuhambelana okukhulu, kunye nokuguquguquka kwemveliso kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene yehlabathi. Yingakho amanyathelo okubeka esweni nokulawula ngononophelo, kubandakanya ukulinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana ne-slurry density meter kunye ne-ultrasonic slurry density meter, zibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso kwimveliso ye-slurry process polyethylene.
Inkqubo yoLuthuli kwiMveliso yePolyethylene
Inkqubo yokulunywa yinkqubo esisiseko yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene, ngakumbi kwi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE). Eyona nto iphambili ekusebenzeni kwayo yi-reactor ye-loop apho i-ethylene ipolimera kwi-suspension ngaphakathi kwe-hydrocarbon solvent, ngesiqhelo i-isobutane okanye i-hexane. I-ethylene monomer, ii-comonomers (ukuba zisetyenzisiwe), kunye ne-catalyst zifakwa rhoqo kwi-reactor. Ii-particles ze-polymer ziyakheka kwaye zihlala zixhonyiwe, zenze i-slurry exineneyo ejikeleza phantsi kwesenzo seempompo ze-reactor. Ukushukuma okusebenzayo kubalulekile—ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziqinileyo zihlala zixhonyiwe kwaye kwandisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-monomer kunye ne-catalyst.
Kule nkqubo, izinyibilikisi ze-hydrocarbon zisebenza njengendawo yokusabela endaweni yokuba zizinto ezisabela ngokwenene. Zisusa ubushushu, zincede ekuthuthweni kweentwana, kwaye zinceda ukwahlula i-polymer ekhulayo kumphezulu we-catalyst. Uyilo lwe-reactor lubonisa ii-coils zokupholisa zangaphakathi kunye nokulungiswa kwepompo okulungelelanisiweyo ukujongana nemithwalo yobushushu exothermic kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungcoliswa, umngeni oqhelekileyo njengoko iintwana ze-polymer zidumba kwaye zihlangana ngexesha lokukhula. Ii-reactors ze-loop eziphambili zibandakanya iinkqubo ze-dual-pump kunye nemisebenzi ye-cyclic ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla epompo kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuvaleka okubangelwa kukunyuka kwe-viscosity okanye ukuhlanganiswa kweentwana ze-polymer. Iimodeli zokulinganisa zibonisa ukuba ukuba ukudumba akulawuleki, i-viscosity iyanda, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuyaphazamiseka, kwaye ukungcoliswa okanye ukuvalwa kwe-reactor kunokwenzeka. Ungenelelo loyilo, olufana nokulungisa indawo yepompo okanye ukudibanisa imisebenzi yokuhamba kwamanzi nge-cyclic, luye lwaqinisekiswa ukuphucula ukuqhubeka kwenkqubo kunye nokhuseleko.
I-Catalysis yeyona nto iphambili kwezobuchwepheshe kwi-polyethylene yenkqubo yokulunywa. Iindidi ezimbini zee-catalysts zilawula: ii-catalysts ze-Ziegler-Natta kunye ne-chromium-based (Phillips). Ii-catalysts ze-Ziegler-Natta zihlala zisebenzisa i-magnesium dichloride supports kunye ne-titanium-based actives, zinika ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwi-HDPE's molecular weight distribution, density, kunye nezinye iimpawu eziphambili. Iindidi eziphambili zivumela izakhiwo ze-bimodal molecular: i-fraction ye-molecular-weight ephezulu yamandla oomatshini kunye ne-fraction ye-molecular-weight ephantsi yokuqhubekeka. I-polymerization kinetics inokulungiswa ngokutshintsha i-hydrogen concentration, elawula amazinga okuphela kwe-chain, isivuno, kunye nobukhulu bee-particle. Ii-catalysts ze-Ziegler-Natta ke ngoko zivumela ukulungiswa ngokwezifiso kweempawu ezibalulekileyo ze-HDPE, ezibalulekileyo kwizicelo zesakhiwo ezifana namanqanaba eepayipi afuna ukuqina okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka.
Ii-catalysts zePhillips (chromium oxide) zisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo, apho ii-alkyls ze-chromium zisebenza njengeziko eziphambili ze-polymerization. Ezi catalysts ziqinile, ziguquguqukayo, kwaye ziyakwazi ukuvelisa i-HDPE enoxinano oluphakathi ukuya koluphezulu kunye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu noxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lweepropati ze-polymer ezifikelelekayo zincinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zeZiegler-Natta, ezinolawulo oluthe ngqo malunga nokusasazwa kobunzima be-molecular. Iinguqu zenkqubo—ingakumbi ubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nomxholo we-hydrogen—zisasetyenziswa ukuvelisa uluhlu lwee-grades ze-HDPE, nangona zinokuguquguquka okwahlukeneyo koomatshini.
Iimeko zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-slurry reactor—ubushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nokushukuma—zibumba ngokuthe ngqo iimpawu zesuntswana. Amaqondo obushushu aqhelekileyo aqala kwi-85°C ukuya kwi-110°C, ngelixa uxinzelelo lugcinwa phakathi kwe-5 ukuya kwi-40 bar ukugcina i-solvent kwisigaba solwelo kwaye iqhube ukunyibilika kwe-ethylene. Ubunzulu bokushukuma buchaphazela ubungakanani besuntswana kunye nokufana, kuthintela ukuhlala kunye nokuhlangana. Ukulungisa ezi meko kuphucula ukwakheka kwesuntswana yepolymer, kuqinisekisa uxinano oluhambelanayo, imo, kunye neempawu zomzimba. Ukulawula amanqanaba e-hydrogen kulungisa ukusasazwa kobude betsheyini kwaye ngaloo ndlela ubunzima be-resin kunye ne-melt flow index. Izifundo zamva nje ezisebenzisa ukulinganisa kwe-molecular dynamics kunye nohlalutyo lobushushu ziqinisekisa iindima ezibalulekileyo zale parameters ekulungiseni imo yekristale, ukuguqula izakhiwo ze-lamellar, kwaye ngaloo ndlela zilawula ukusebenza koomatshini.
Inkqubo yokulunywa isaqhubeka iyinkqubo ekhethwayo yokuvelisa i-HDPE enamandla aphezulu. Ayivumeli kuphela imveliso ephezulu kodwa ikwavumela nolawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho ngokulungiswa kwexesha langempela kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zenkqubo kunye neefomyula ze-catalyst. Iiprofayili zoomatshini zinokuyilwa ngokuchanekileyo, okwenza i-HDPE ephumayo ifaneleke kwiipayipi zoxinzelelo (PE80, PE100), iitanki zepetroli, kunye nezikhongozeli ezibunjiweyo. Ukuguquguquka okungaphakathi kobuchwepheshe ekulungiseni uyilo lweemolekyuli kukhuthaza amanqanaba ezinto ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomthetho kunye nokusebenza. Idityaniswe nokuqhubela phambili kwimodeli yenkqubo kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa ngexesha langempela—ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zeLonnmeter—abavelisi bafumana umgangatho ohambelanayo we-resin kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, okubalulekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwiipayipi zikamasipala ukuya kwiipakethi zabathengi.
Izishwankathelo zemizobo yokulungiswa kwenkqubo yakutshanje, ukusebenza kwe-catalyst, kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo zenkqubo kunye neempawu ze-HDPE zipapashwa kakhulu kwiijenali eziphononongwa ngontanga. Ezi zixhobo zigxininisa ukuqina kwenkqubo yokulunywa, ukwandiswa, kunye namandla angaqhelekanga okuvelisa amanqanaba e-HDPE akhokelayo kushishino olukhulu, okubonisa ukugqwesa kwayo okuqhubekayo kwizityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene eziphambili.
Indima Ebalulekileyo Yokulinganisa Uxinano Lwe-Slurry Ngexesha Langempela Kwizityalo ZePolyethylene
Ukulinganiswa koxinano lwe-slurry kubalulekile ekulinganiseni ngokuchanekileyo i-monomer, i-catalyst, kunye ne-co-monomer streams kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-slurry. Ukuguquguquka koxinano kunokubonisa ukuphambuka koxinano lwezinto eziqinileyo, okuphazamisa i-polymerization kinetics kwaye kukhokelele ekungazinzini kwenkqubo. Ukugcina uxinano olujoliswe kulo kuvumela ukulungiswa kwangoko kwamazinga okuhamba kwe-monomer kunye ne-catalyst dosages, okubangela ukufana okuphezulu kwemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezinto eziluhlaza.
Uxinano lwe-slurry luchaphazela ukhuseleko lwezixhobo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo. Uxinano oluphezulu lwezinto eziqinileyo luphakamisa i-slurry viscosity, lunyusa imithwalo yepompo kwaye lunyuse umngcipheko wokungcola okanye ukuvaleka kwe-reactor. Utshintsho loxinano olungalawulwayo lunokubangela iindawo ezishushu, ukudluliselwa kobushushu okungalinganiyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni, iingozi zokusebenza. Ngokusebenzisa ukujonga uxinano oluqhubekayo—ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezingaphakathi ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic ezenzelwe iindawo zoshishino ezifana nezo zivela eLonnmeter—izityalo zifumana izilumkiso zakwangoko ezivumela ukungenelela ngaphambi kokuba kuphulwe imida ebalulekileyo. Olu nxibelelwano ngqo phakathi kwedatha yoxinano kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo lubalulekile ekusebenzeni okukhuselekileyo, okungaphazanyiswayo kwizityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene.
Ukulinganiswa koxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela kukwabumba umgangatho wemveliso. Uxinano oluhambelanayo luqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-melt flow index, ubungakanani be-particle, kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-polymer ezibalulekileyo kwiinkcukacha zabathengi. Ukulinganiswa kwe-inline kuthatha indawo yesampulu kunye novavanyo olunzima, kubonelela ngempendulo ekhawulezileyo yokudibanisa kunye nokugqiba amanqanaba. Oku kukhawulezisa imijikelo yokukhupha, kunciphisa ukwaliwa, kwaye kunciphisa inkunkuma, konke oku kunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kwizakhiwo ezivelisa i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu kunye namanqanaba ahambelanayo. Ukuphambuka kuxinano lwe-slurry, xa kubanjwa kwangethuba ziimitha ze-inline ezenzelwe wena, kunokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuba kuchaphazele iibhetshi zemveliso yokugqibela, kukhusela isivuno senkqubo kunye nomgangatho.
Ukuchaneka ekulinganiseni nasekulawuleni uxinano lwe-slurry kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene ngoku kufezekiswa ngezisombululo eziphambili ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic. Ezi zixhobo zikhawuleza, azingenisi, kwaye zifanelekile kwiimeko ezinzima nezirhabaxa ezidibana nazo kwimveliso ye-HDPE. Iimitha zoxinano zanamhlanje—ezifana nezo zenziwe yiLonnmeter—zibonelela ngedatha ethembekileyo, eqhubekayo ngaphandle kwemithombo ye-radioactive, zinciphisa imithwalo yokugcinwa kwaye zihambelana neenjongo zempilo nokhuseleko.
Ulawulo olusebenzayo loxinano lwe-slurry alupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza kodwa lukwaphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye luqinisekisa ukuba iipropati ze-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zemarike. Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma kunye namandla, kuzinzisa imveliso, kwaye kuphucula inzuzo kuyo yonke ikhonkco lokubonelela. Ukwamkelwa kweendlela zokulinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry olusebenza ngexesha langempela, olukwi-inline luyinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuphisaneni nasekuzinzeni kwezityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene zanamhlanje.
Iitekhnoloji zokulinganisa uxinano lwe-Slurry: Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenziwa kwePolyethylene yanamhlanje
Izityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene zixhomekeke ekulinganisweni okuchanekileyo koxinano lwe-slurry ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo kunye nokugcina imisebenzi esebenzayo nekhuselekileyo. Iindlela ezininzi eziphambili ziye zavela ukujongana neemfuno ezizodwa zenkqubo ye-slurry kwi-polyethylene, kunye notshintsho olukhawulezayo kubuchwepheshe bokujonga uxinano ngexesha langempela.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry, ezifana nesampulu yesandla kunye ne-nuclear densitometry, zineengxaki ezibalulekileyo. Ukuthatha i-sampulu ngesandla kunengxaki yokulibaziseka kwempendulo kunye nokuguquguquka ngenxa yokungenelela kwabaqhubi; iindlela zenyukliya zibeka umngcipheko kwimpilo nakukhuseleko, zifuna ukujongwa ngokungqongqo kwemithetho, kwaye azikwazi ukulungelelaniswa notshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwenkqubo. Ezi mingcele ziqhuba ukwamkelwa kwezisombululo ezingangenisi ntsholongwane, ezenzekelayo ezinikezela ngedatha esebenzayo, yexesha langempela phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zemveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu.
Imitha yoxinano lwe-Slurry ye-Ultrasonic: Ukuqhubela phambili kunye neenzuzo
Imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry ye-ultrasonic imele njengetekhnoloji ehamba phambili kwii-reactors zanamhlanje. Sisebenzisa umgaqo wexesha lokubhabha, amaza e-ultrasound adluliselwa nge-slurry kwaye ixesha lokuhamba lihambelana ngqo noxinano. Le ndlela inika amandla amaninzi abalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene:
- Umsebenzi ongangenisi ntsholongwane:Izinzwa ziphepha ukudibana ngqo nodaka, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukuguguleka koomatshini, umngcipheko wongcoliseko, kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi lokulungisa.
- Ukuchaneka Nokuthembeka:Impendulo yexesha langempela kunye nokwakhiwa kwenzwa eqinileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba iphezului-accubuqili 0.001g/ml, nokuba kwiimeko ezirhabaxa okanye ezityebileyo apho iinkqubo zemveli zingasebenzi khonal.
- Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezinzima:Izinzwa ze-ultrasonic ziyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukuchatshazelwa ziikhemikhali, kunye nokugruzuka koomatshini okuxhaphakileyo kwiireactors ze-polymerization.
- Ulawulo lweNkqubo oluQhubekekayo:Le teknoloji ixhasa uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo noluguquguqukayo lweeparamitha zenkqubo, iququzelela ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwereactor kunye nomgangatho ofanayo wepolyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ultrasonic kuphucula ngakumbi ezi mitha; i-cavitation kunye namandla okucheba aphezulu ngaphakathi kwenkqubo kuqinisekisa ukusasazeka okuphezulu kwamasuntswana kunye nokufana, kuphucula ukuthembeka kokulinganisa kunye nokusebenza kwe-polymerization. Kwimisebenzi ebonakalayo, iimitha zoxinano lwe-ultrasonic zifumanisa ngokulula utshintsho lwesigaba kunye notshintsho oluncinci kuphuhliso lwenethiwekhi ye-polymer, okuvumela isenzo sokulungisa ngokukhawuleza sokwenza imveliso kunye nenkqubo isebenze kakuhle.
Izisombululo zokulinganisa uxinano ezenzelwe wena kwiindawo ezinengxaki zeReactor
Ayizizo zonke iindawo zemveliso ye-polyethylene ezifanayo. Ii-reactors zihlala zifuna iimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenzelwe wena ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nokwakheka kwezinto ngokukhawuleza, ukungcangcazela okunamandla, kunye nokutshintshatshintsha kobushushu obugqithisileyo. Abavelisi beemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenzelwe wena baphendule ngezinto ezintsha ezifana nezixhobo zokulinganisa uxinano lwe-bypass ezidibanisa iindlela zokuzilungisa kusetyenziswa amanzi njengesalathiso. Olu yilo luthintela ukungcola kwaye luqinisekisa ukuchaneka okulinganayo phakathi kweenkqubo ngaphandle kokucoca kakhulu.
Ezinye izisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezintsha zisebenzisa imigaqo yokulinganisa engekuko ukuchukumisa, njenge-magnetic induction tomography, esebenzisa ii-electrodes ze-annular kunye nee-coil ezininzi ukuva uxinano lwezinto eziqinileyo kwi-slurries ezintsonkothileyo. Le ndlela inika umlinganiselo oqinileyo, ochanekileyo kakhulu (oqinisekiswe ngezifundo zovavanyo) kwaye yenzelwe ukufakelwa kwakhona kwizityalo zokuvelisa i-polyethylene ezindala ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwenkqubo okanye utshintsho olukhulu lweziseko zophuhliso.
Iimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezivela kwiinkampani ezikhethekileyo nazo zijongana nemiphumo yokungcangcazela kwepompo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-reactor. Iimpawu ezifana nee-modular sensor mounts kunye nokucubungula isignali okuphucukileyo kuphucula uzinzo lokulinganisa, kwandisa ubomi benkonzo yesixhobo, kwaye kwenza kube lula ukugcinwa rhoqo.
Ukudibanisa iiTekhnoloji zoBuninzi beSlurry kunye noLawulo oluPhambili lweNkqubo
Kwizityalo zanamhlanje, iimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ngakumbi iiyunithi ze-ultrasonic, zisebenza ngakumbi njengezinto ezidityanisiweyo kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwenkqubo oluphambili (i-APC). Ukuqhagamshela idatha yoxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela ngqo kwiiplatifomu zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kuvelisa izibonelelo ezininzi:
- Ukuhambelana kweNkqubo okuPhuculweyo:Uhlengahlengiso lweparameter oluzenzekelayo lunciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla, luthintela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo loxinano kunye nokuzinzisa ukusebenza kwereactor.
- Ukuphuculwa koBunye beMveliso:Iimpendulo ezisekelwe kufundo oluchanekileyo noluqhubekayo loxinano zinceda ekugcineni iipropati zeresin ekujoliswe kuzo zonke iibhetshi.
- Imisebenzi Ekhuselekileyo Nelungileyo:Izisombululo ze-ultrasonic zisusa imithombo ye-radioactive, zihambelana nemigangatho yanamhlanje yokusingqongileyo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuzinza.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kunye nokugcinwa:Ngenxa yemijikelo embalwa yokulinganisa kunye nokunciphisa ukungcoliswa, iimitha zoxinano zanamhlanje zinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kwaye zithintela ixesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga.
Amandla okudibanisa isoftware, iimpawu zokulinganisa ezikrelekrele, kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-sensor yemodyuli—exhaphakileyo kwimitha yoxinano lwe-slurry yangoku evela kwiLonnmeter kunye nabanye abavelisi abagxile kwisiko—kulula ukuphinda kulungiswe kwaye kulinganiswe. Ezi mpawu zobugcisa ziqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo neenkqubo zolawulo ezisasaziweyo, zixhasa ukulungiswa okuqhutywa yidatha kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene.
Yongeza koku ukuqina kwezinto zesensor kunye nokuqina kokudluliselwa kwesignali phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zenkqubo, kwaye ubuchwepheshe bangoku bokulinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry buzalisekisa ngempumelelo yonke imfuneko yanamhlanje yexesha langempela, umgangatho wesityalo sonke kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo kwimisebenzi ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu.
Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye nokukhethwa kweeMeter zoBuxinano lweSlurry: Ukujongana nemingeni ethile yezityalo
Ukulinganiswa koxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela sisiseko somgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene. Ukusebenza kwemitha yoxinano lwe-slurry kuyayila ngokuthe ngqo ulawulo lwenkqubo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye neenkcukacha zemveliso yokugqibela kwisityalo sokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko eziguqukayo kwi-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE) kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-reactor ze-polyethylene zifuna iimitha ezilungelelaniswe neemeko zokusebenza kwesityalo ngasinye.
Kutheni iiParameters zokusebenza zifuna izisombululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso
Iinguqu eziphambili zenkqubo—i-monomer throughput, uhlobo kunye nesantya sokutya se-catalyst, kunye ne-reactor scale—zitshintsha kakhulu indlela yokwenza i-slurry. I-monomer throughput ephezulu inokuqinisa umthwalo oqinileyo, i-shift flow regimes, kwaye ichaphazele unxibelelwano phakathi kwamasuntswana e-catalyst aqinileyo, ii-monomers, kunye nee-polymer chains ezikhulayo. Olu tshintsho kwi-slurry composition lubonakala kwiinguqu zoxinano lwexesha langempela ezinokubanjwa yimitha yoxinano ecwangcisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo kuphela.
Ukukhethwa kweCatalyst kunye ne-concentration drive agglomerate morphology. Umzekelo, ii-catalysts ezisekwe kwi-silica zivelisa ubungakanani obahlukeneyo bee-particle kunye nokuhlanganiswa kunezo zisekelwe kwezinye izixhasi. Utshintsho olunjalo lunokubangela i-slurry enobunzima obahlukeneyo, ukuziphatha kokuhamba, kunye neendlela zokungcola kwe-sensor. Ukuba ukulinganiswa kwemitha okanye iteknoloji ayizichazi ezi zinto, iimpazamo ezinkulu zokulinganisa uxinano zinokwenzeka, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimveliso engaqhelekanga okanye ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza.
Isikali seReactor sizisa ezinye iingxaki. Iireactor ezinkulu ezixhaphakileyo kwimveliso yeHDPE zibonisa ukuhamba okungengokwaseNewtonian, okuhlala kungafani. Ukudibanisa, ukuhlanganisa, kunye nokwahluka kwendawo ekusasazweni kolwelo oluqinileyo kufuna zombini iisensa zemitha eziqinileyo kunye neendlela zokulinganisa eziguquguqukayo. Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo, "esingekho eshelufini" sidla ngokusebenza kakubi kwezi zicelo, nto leyo eqhuba imfuneko yemitha yoxinano lweslurry eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iimfuno ze-polyethylene yenkqubo yeslurry ekhethekileyo yesityalo.
Izinto Ezibalulekileyo Zoyilo Lweemitha Ezilungiselelwe Wena
Imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry eyenzelwe wena idla ngokusebenzisa ii-sensors ezingaphazamisiyo, ezimelana nokukrweleka—iteknoloji ye-ultrasonic ixhaphakile ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo ixesha elide kwiindawo ezinzima. Apho umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo kunye nolawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi zitshintshatshintsha kakhulu, njengakwi-HDPE okanye kwezinye ii-reactors ze-polyethylene, iimitha zanamhlanje zidibanisa izinto ezifakwe kwi-bypass ukuze kuncitshiswe ukungcola kunye nokuzicoca rhoqo.
Iimitha kufuneka zilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze zilungelelaniswe nemo yeentwana, uluhlu loxinzelelo olulindelekileyo lobunzima obuqinileyo, kunye nobushushu benkqubo. Ukudibanisa uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo, njengeenkqubo zesalathiso samanzi, kuphucula ngakumbi ukuthembeka kwedatha. Ezi mpawu zivumela imitha ukuba ilungelelanise utshintsho lwenkqubo lwexeshana noluqhubekayo, ukuqinisekisa ukufundwa okulinganayo nokuchanekileyo nangona iimpawu zomzimba zeslurry zitshintsha.
Ukufakelwa kwemitha kubaluleke ngokulinganayo; indawo efanelekileyo iqinisekisa ukubandakanyeka kokuhamba kwamanzi okufanelekileyo, kuthintelwe iindawo zokuhamba kwamanzi okufileyo okanye ukuxinana okukhulu. Ukwenziwa kwe-polyethylene yehlabathi lokwenyani kuxhamla ngokubeka iimitha kwiindawo ezinokunyakaza kodaka okuphezulu nokulinganayo, okunciphisa ukubambezeleka kokulinganisa kunye neempazamo ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwendawo.
Ukukhetha umenzi weMeter yoBunzima beSlurry eyenziwe ngokwezifiso
Ukukhetha umenzi wemitha yoxinano lwe-slurry efanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu njengokukhetha uyilo oluchanekileyo. Iikhrayitheriya ezine eziphambili zibalulekile:
Uxhaso lobuchwepheshe:Inkxaso ephendulayo nenolwazi iyimfuneko ekucwangciseni, ekufakeni, nasekugcineni iimitha kwiindawo ezifuna amandla e-reactor. Umthengisi kufuneka abonise ubuchule bokusebenza nge-polyethylene slurry, enika isikhokelo sokulinganisa i-sensor kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide.
Irekhodi Eliqinisekisiweyo:Abavelisi abanjengoLonnmeter abanembali yokubonelela ngeemitha zoxinano ezithembekileyo nezichanekileyo kubathengi bemizi-mveliso kufuneka babekwe phambili. Iireferensi kunye nezifundo zeemeko ezivela kwizityalo zokuvelisa i-polyethylene ezifanayo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka.
Ukuziqhelanisa:Iqabane kufuneka linikezele ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokucwangciswa: uhlobo lwesensor (i-ultrasonic, i-bypass, i-direct immersion), uluhlu lokulinganisa, izixhobo ezichasene nohlaselo lweekhemikhali/i-catalyst, kunye nokuhlanganiswa nejometri yokuhamba kwezityalo ezithile.
Ukuhlanganiswa neeNkqubo zeZityalo zeDijithali:Nangona abavelisi beemitha benganikeli iinkqubo zedijithali ezipheleleyo, iifomathi zokukhupha idatha kufuneka zihambelane nokuzisebenzela kwezityalo—imizekelo ibandakanya iziphumo ze-analog eziqinileyo, iiprotokholi ze-HART, okanye ze-Modbus, ezenza kube lula ukujonga inkqubo ngexesha langempela kunye nokujonga ulawulo.
Inkampani ephambili yokulinganisa uxinano lwe-slurry iza kunceda ekulungiseleleni iinkqubo zokulungisa, imijikelo yokucoca, kunye neeshedyuli zokulinganisa ezijikeleze imisebenzi yezityalo, nto leyo ebonisa iimfuno zokulinganisa uxinano ngexesha langempela kwimveliso ye-polyethylene. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iimitha zihlala zithembekile—nokuba zilinganisa uxinano kwi-pilot-scale research loop okanye i-full-scale, i-high-capacity manufacturing polyethylene manufacturing plant.
Ukutyala imali kwimitha yoxinano lwe-slurry eyenzelwe wena kuyimfuneko yobuchwepheshe, hayi ubunewunewu, kwimveliso ye-polyethylene yanamhlanje. Ukukhetha imitha efanelekileyo kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokwandisa isivuno, ukulawula uxinano lwe-slurry kwimveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu, kunye nokufezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwisityalo sonke.
Impembelelo yoLawulo loXinano lweSlurry kuMgangatho weMveliso yePolyethylene enoXinano oluPhezulu
Ukulinganisa ubunzima be-slurry ngexesha langempela kubalulekile ekuveliseni i-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu (i-HDPE) enamanqanaba ajoliswe kuwo kunye nobunzima beemolekyuli ezichanekileyo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene, uxinaniso kunye nokusasazwa kwee-polymer particles eziqinileyo kwi-reactor slurry kunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nokwakheka kunye nokukhula kwee-polymer chains. Ukugcina olu xinaniso ngaphakathi kwemida engqongqo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-polymerization iqhubeka ngesantya esilawulwayo, ikhuthaza usasazo lobunzima be-molecular olufunwayo (MWD), olumisela iipropati zokusetyenziswa kokugqibela kunye nokuthobela iinkcukacha.
Utshintsho kuxinano lwe-slurry luchaphazela zombini isakhiwo se-polymer kunye noyilo lweemolekyuli. Uxinano oluphezulu lwe-slurry ludla ngokuvelisa amasuntswana e-HDPE ngokuncipha kokudumba kunye nokuxinana, okuvelisa ii-resin ezine-morphology ye-particle ehambelanayo kunye ne-MWD efanelekileyo yokusebenza koomatshini. Idatha yovavanyo oluphambili evela kwizityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene yemizi-mveliso iqinisekisa ukuba ulawulo lwexesha langempela loxinano lwe-slurry lunciphisa kakhulu ukusasazeka kweempawu zemveliso, lunciphisa imveliso ye-resin engaqhelekanga kwaye luphucula ukuhambelana kwe-batch-to-batch. Ukulinganisa okucwangcisiweyo, ngakumbi ukusebenzisa iimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic, kwenza eli nqanaba lokuchaneka ngaphandle kokuthatha isampuli ngesandla, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo loxinano lwe-slurry lunempembelelo ngqo kwiimpawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ze-HDPE:
- Amandla:Amasuntswana e-polymer akhiwe phantsi koxinano oluzinzileyo lwe-slurry abonisa impembelelo ephezulu kunye namandla okutsalwa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezifana neepayipi zoshishino kunye nezixhobo ezilinganiswe ngoxinzelelo, apho ukusilela kwemveliso kunokuba nemiphumo ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko kunye nemali.
- Ukuqhubekeka:Iimpawu ze-rheological—ezibalulekileyo ekukhupheni okanye ekubumbeni nge-blow—zilawulwa yi-resin microstructure, ngokwayo umsebenzi wendlela uxinano lwe-slurry olulawulwa kwaye lugcinwa ngayo. Iimeko ze-slurry ezizinzileyo zikhokelela kwiipolymers ezine-predictable melt flow indices (MFI), nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wokungazinzi kokucubungula kwimveliso esezantsi.
- Ukuthobela iMigqaliselo:Imigangatho efana ne-ASTM D3350 ibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo zamandla, ukuqina, kunye nobunzima beemolekyuli. Ukuhlangabezana nale miqathango kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ulawulo loxinano luqhubeka kwaye luchanekile, nto leyo evumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iimitha zoxinano ze-ultrasonic zanamhlanje.
Umngeni ophambili wokusebenza kwizityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene kukuvelisa okuguquguqukayo—ukukwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-resin ye-HDPE ngaphandle kwexesha elikhulu lokungasebenzi okanye inkunkuma. Apha, ukuthembeka kunye nesantya solawulo loxinano lwe-slurry kuxhasa ubuchule. Ngokujonga ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulungisa indawo yoxinano, abaqhubi banokulungisa ubunzima beemolekyuli kunye nee-MWD ukuvelisa amanqanaba alungiselelwe usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwii-geomembranes ukuya kwiibhotile. Olu nxibelelwano ngqo phakathi kokulinganisa uxinano kunye nokutshintsha amanqanaba kuxhasa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezoshishino, okuvumela izityalo ukuba zikhonze iimfuno zemarike ezinzima ngelixa zigcina ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye neendleko zilawulwa.
ILonnmeter, njengomvelisi weemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenziwe ngokwezifiso (isebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-ultrasonic), ijongana neemfuno zokulinganisa uxinano ngexesha langempela ngezixhobo eziqinileyo, ezikhuselekileyo ngaphakathi, nezincinci zokugcinwa ezenzelwe iimeko ezinzima zenkqubo ye-slurry polyethylene. Ukuthembeka nokuchaneka kwezi mitha kwenza izityalo zikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iingenelo zolawulo loxinano lwe-slurry—zinikezela ngamanqanaba e-polymer ahlangabezana rhoqo nemigangatho engqongqo yoshishino kunye neyokusetyenziswa.
Ukudibanisa Ukulinganiswa koxinano ukuze kuphuculwe inkqubo
Ukudibanisa umlinganiselo woxinano lwe-slurry ngexesha langempela kwii-reactors ze-loop slurry kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene. Idatha eqhubekayo nechanekileyo malunga noxinano lwe-slurry ivumela ukuhlanganiswa nolawulo oluphambili lwenkqubo, kubandakanya ulawulo lokuqikelela imodeli (i-MPC), iinethiwekhi ze-neural zokwenziwa, kunye namaqhinga asekelwe kwi-PID. Ezi ndlela zixhomekeke kwimpendulo ephantse ivele kwangoko evela kwizixhobo ezikwimigca efana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic, ezibonelela ngokulandelela okungengonakalisiyo, okuchanekileyo koxinano lwe-slurry kwii-reactors nakwiipayipi.
Imveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo loxinano lwe-slurry ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo we-polymer, ingakumbi ngexesha lotshintsho lwenqanaba kunye naxa izitokhwe zitshintshatshintsha. Ii-algorithms zolawulo oluzenzekelayo zitolika ukulinganiswa koxinano lwexesha langempela ukulungisa iiparameter zenkqubo (ukuhamba kwe-monomer, isantya se-agitator, ubushushu) kwi-milliseconds, zinciphisa ukulibaziseka okufumaneka kwisampulu engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi okanye ebambezelekileyo. Iinkqubo eziphambili, ezisebenzisa idatha evela kwizixhobo ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic ze-Lonnmeter, zilungisa iimpendulo ngendlela ehambelanayo ukunciphisa ukuphambuka kwiindawo ezimiselweyo. Umzekelo, abalawuli be-PID be-Smith fuzzy abacociweyo zii-algorithms ze-genetic babonise ukwehla kwexesha lokuphendula nge-35.9% kunye nokuzinza okukhawulezayo nge-36.6% xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lwe-PID yendabuko, okuphucula ngokuthe ngqo ukuqina kwenkqubo kunye nokufana kwemveliso.
Ulawulo oluqinileyo loxinano lwe-slurry lukwaxhasa uphuculo olukhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto. Ngokunciphisa ukuxinana koxinano:
- Ii-reactors zisebenza ngokuzinzileyo ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphazamiseka.
- Isivuno sePolymer siyanda ngenxa yokuba zimbalwa iibhetshi ezingaqhelekanga.
- Inkunkuma yamandla iyancitshiswa, njengoko ukubuyiselwa okugqithisileyo kobushushu, ukushukuma, okanye amazinga okutya kuncipha.
Umzekelo, kwisakhelo solawulo lokuqikelela imodeli, ukudibanisa idatha yoxinano lwe-slurry oluqhubekayo lwe-ultrasonic kubonakalise ukuphucula amandla e-reactor okulawula utshintsho lwamanqanaba ngenkunkuma encinci ye-ethylene kunye ne-catalyst. Ukungqinelana koxinano lwe-slurry kukwavumela ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwee-compressors kunye neepompo, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile ngetoni nganye ye-metric ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu eveliswayo.
Iziphumo zolu tshintsho zifikelela ekongeni iindleko nasekulawuleni umngcipheko. Ingxelo ngexesha langempela inciphisa amathuba emveliso engakhange icwangciswe, inciphisa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe emva kwenkqubo kunye nenkunkuma yezinto eziluhlaza. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga—ezifana nokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kobushushu, ukunyuka koxinano, okanye ukugaleleka kwepompo—kuvumela ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo kunye nomngcipheko wokuphazanyiswa kwe-reactor. Izifundo zokulinganisa kwi-reactors zamashishini zixhasa ezi ziphumo: ukujonga ngokuqinileyo, okuqhubekayo koxinano kukhokelele ekunciphiseni okulinganiselweyo kwizinto ezinobungozi benkqubo kunye nokungenelela okungacwangciswanga, okuqinisekisa ixabiso lengxelo ngexesha langempela lokusebenza kwesityalo okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo.
Ngokwembono yozinzo, ukulinganiswa koxinano oluqhubekayo lwe-slurry kunceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni inkunkuma kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo. Ulawulo lwexesha langempela luqinisekisa ukuba kuphela izinto ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo ezishiya isityalo sokwenza i-polyethylene, nto leyo ethintela zombini ubungakanani benkunkuma kunye nempembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Ukuveliswa kobushushu benkunkuma kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-solvent nako kuyaphuculwa, kuxhasa iinjongo ezibanzi zemveliso ye-polymer ezinzileyo.
Izisombululo ezikwimigca ethe tye, ezifana neemitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zeLonnmeter, zibonelela ngeemfuno zokulinganisa uxinano ngexesha langempela kunye nokuguquguquka okufunekayo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokumisela i-reactor kunye noluhlu lokusebenza. Njengoko ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuzinza kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwe-polymer, ukudibanisa ukujonga uxinano lwe-slurry oluphambili kunye neendawo zokulawula njengelitye lesiseko lemveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu nolunokumelana nokhuphiswano.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Zithini izinto ezifunekayo ukuze kulinganiswe uxinano ngexesha langempela kwimveliso ye-polyethylene yenkqubo yokulunywa?
Ukulinganiswa koxinano ngexesha langempela kubalulekile kwinkqubo yokutyibilika kodaka ukulawula iimeko ze-reactor nokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwe-batch-to-batch kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene. Ukulinganiswa okuzinzileyo kuvumela impendulo ekhawulezileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo, ukuzinzisa iiparameter ezifana noxinzelelo lwezinto eziqinileyo kunye ne-melt flow index (MFI). Olu lawulo lubalulekile ekugcineni iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo zemveliso, ukunciphisa ukuphambuka komgangatho, kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto eziluhlaza. Ngaphandle kwedatha yexesha langempela, iilabhoratri azinakubonelela ngengqiqo yenkqubo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kumngcipheko ophezulu wokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kokuphambuka ngokusebenzisa ukuxinana ngexesha langempela kunceda ukuthintela ukungcola kwe-reactor kunye nokuvaleka, ukugcina inkqubo ikhuselekile kwaye ingaphazanyiswa. Kwimveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu, ezi zilinganiso ziyimfuneko ekunikezeni iimveliso ezifanayo kwizicelo ezifuna kakhulu ezifana nemibhobho kunye nokupakisha.
Imitha yobuninzi be-slurry iyiphucula njani inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-polyethylene?
Imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry inika ukubekwa esweni okuqhubekayo, okusemgqeni koxinano lwe-slurry ye-reactor. Oku kwenza abaqhubi bakwazi ukulungisa i-catalyst kunye ne-monomer dosing ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo yexesha langempela, okukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwee-particle ze-polymer ezifanayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinto ezingezizo. Ubungakanani obuphuculweyo bobungakanani buyanciphisa inkunkuma ye-feedstock kwaye kuphucula amazinga okuguqulwa. Abaqhubi bakwabona utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwe-reactor ngaphambi kokuphazamiseka okukhulu, okuvumela ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphambili. Umzekelo, ukufundwa koxinano olukhulayo kunokubonisa ukuhlanganiswa kwee-particle, okubangela ukungenelela ukuze kuthintelwe ukungcola kwe-reactor. Idatha eqhubekayo evela kwimitha ethembekileyo ayixhasi kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa ikwaxhasa nokuthobela imithetho ngokugcina ukucaca kwenkqubo kunye nokulandelelwa.
Kutheni ukhetha imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry ye-ultrasonic kwimveliso ye-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu?
Iimitha zoxinano lwe-slurry ze-ultrasonic zisebenzisa amaza esandi ukulinganisa uxinano, zinciphisa imiba enxulumene neegeyiji zenyukliya zemveli. Ezi mitha zisebenza ngaphandle kokungenelela, zinciphisa ukuguguleka koomatshini kwaye zisusa phantse umngcipheko wokungcola. Kwiindawo ze-HDPE—ezidla ngokuba zirhabaxa kakhulu kwaye zinoburhalarhume beekhemikhali—iimitha ze-ultrasonic zigcina ukuchaneka kunye nozinzo ixesha elide. Ukuxhathisa kwazo ukuhlaselwa ziikhemikhali kunye nokungabikho kweendawo ezihambayo kubangela iimfuno eziphantsi zolondolozo. Ukulinganisa ngexesha langempela, okungenamgxobhozo kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono inkqubo, okuvumela isenzo sokulungisa ngokukhawuleza. Iimitha ze-Ultrasonic zikwaxhasa iinjongo zokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko ngokuphepha imithombo ye-radioactive, ukunciphisa imithwalo yokuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhambelana nemigaqo ye-ESG.
Ifuneka nini imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry eyenzelwe wena, kwaye ndingamkhetha njani umenzi ofanelekileyo?
Imitha yoxinano lwe-slurry eyenzelwe wena iyimfuneko xa izixhobo ezisemgangathweni zingakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemeko ezithile zenkqubo—ezifana nomthamo ophezulu ngokungaqhelekanga, iijiometri ze-reactor ezingaqhelekanga, okanye ii-reactors ezivavanya ii-catalysts ezintsha. Kwezi meko, izisombululo zokulinganisa ezenzelwe wena zijongana neemfuno zokudibanisa okanye zokusingqongileyo, ukuqinisekisa idatha echanekileyo nethembekileyo nangona inkqubo inzima. Xa ukhetha umenzi, beka phambili ubuchule bobuchwephesha kwiindawo zezityalo zokwenza i-polyethylene, ukuthembeka okuqinisekisiweyo kweteknoloji yokulinganisa, kunye nokukwazi ukubonelela ngeemitha ezidityaniswe ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwe-elektroniki neenkqubo zakho zolawulo ezikhoyo. I-Lonnmeter, egxile kuphela kwi-hardware yemitha endaweni yeenkqubo okanye isoftware, ngumzekelo wale ndlela ikhethekileyo, inikezela ngezisombululo zehardware ezenzelwe izicelo ezifuna i-polymerization. Cinga ngokugcinwa kwexesha elide, iimfuno zokulinganisa, kunye nokuziqhelanisa neemeko zenkqubo eziguqukayo xa uvavanya ababoneleli abanokubakho.
Yintoni eyahlula i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu eveliswa ngenkqubo yokulunywa?
I-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu evela kwinkqubo yokulunywa ibonisa amandla aphezulu oomatshini, ukumelana nokukhula okucothayo kokuqhekeka, kunye nokuzinza okuqinileyo kweekhemikhali. Ezi mpawu zivela kulawulo oluchanekileyo lweemeko zokusabela, kubandakanya uxinano lwe-slurry, oluchaphazela ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yepolymer, ubukristali, kunye nokukhula kwamasebe. Ukulinganiswa koxinano lwe-slurry rhoqo kuqinisekisa ukusasazwa komgangatho omncinci, ukuvelisa i-HDPE ehlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zesicelo semibhobho, izikhongozeli, kunye neefilimu zobugcisa. Umzekelo, izinto ezintsha zenkqubo ezifana nee-catalysts eziphambili kunye neemeko zokuhamba ezilawulwa ngononophelo zivumela ukulungiswa kweempawu zesakhiwo ukuze kufezekiswe amandla aphezulu okuxinana kunye nokuqina. Ulawulo loxinano oluqhubekayo, oluxhaswa ziimitha ezithembekileyo ezikwi-line, sisiseko sale nqanaba lokwenziwa kwemveliso ephindaphindwayo, ekumgangatho ophezulu kwizityalo zanamhlanje ze-polyethylene.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-17-2025
