Kwinqwelomoya, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweenqwelomoya ngexesha lasebusika kubalulekile.Ukusika iindizakubandakanya ukususa umkhenkce, ikhephu, okanye iqabaka kwiindawo zeenqwelo-moya ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kakuhle emoyeni, njengoko nomkhenkce omncinci unokunciphisa ukuphakama nokunyusa ukutsala, nto leyo ebangela iingozi ezinkulu.Iinkqubo zokukhupha inqwelo-moyaxhomekeke kulwelo olukhethekileyo, oluhlala luqulunqwei-ethylene glycol(EG) okanye ipropylene glycol(PG), ukunyibilikisa umkhenkce nokuthintela ukuguquka.
Umlinganiselo woxinano lolwelo olucociweyoyinkqubo ephambili yokugcina uxinano oluchanekileyo lwala manzi, oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba lawo lokukhenkceza, ukuxinana, kunye nexesha lokubamba (HOT). Uxinano olungalunganga lunokukhokelela ekukhutshweni kolwelo olungasebenzi kakuhle, kwiingozi zokhuseleko, okanye kwiindleko ezongezelelekileyo, kunye nolwelo lokucoca oluxabisa i-$8–12 ngegaloni nganye.Iimitha zoxinano lolwelo lokunyibilikisakwayeiimitha zoxinano lwedeicerzibonelela ngezisombululo eziphambili zokujonga ngexesha langempela, ingakumbi kulawulo lwenkunkuma kunye nokurisayikilisha, ukuphuculaizisombululo zokucoca iinqwelomoyaEli nqaku liphonononga indima yokulinganisa uxinano, iingenelo zalo, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwaloiinkqubo zokukhupha iinqanawa.
UBackgirandiKngokui-edge yeUkusika iiNqwelo-moya
Yintoni i-Aircraft Deicing?
Ukusika iindizayinkqubo yokususa izinto ezingcolisayo eziqandisiweyo kumphezulu weenqwelo-moya ngaphambi kokuba zisuke, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kweenqwelo-moya. Ibandakanya amanyathelo amabini:
Ukunyibilikisa: Ukusebenzisa ulwelo olushushu ukunyibilikisa umkhenkce, ikhephu, okanye iqabaka elikhoyo.
Ukuchasa i-icing: Ukufaka imiphezulu ngamanzi ukuthintela ukwakheka komkhenkce omtsha ngexesha lomhlaba.
Iinkqubo zokunyibilikisa kunye nezokuthintela ukuqhekeka kweenqwelo-moyaukongeza kwimizamo esekwe emhlabeni, kunye neenqwelo-moya ezithile ezixhotyiswe ngamaphiko ashushu okanye iipropellers. Nangona kunjalo, ukucoca umhlaba kusabalulekile, kulawulwa ngabaqeqeshiweyoiingcali zokusika iinqwelomoyaukulandela ngokungqongqoiinkqubo zokukhupha iinqwelomoya.
Iintlobo ze-Deicing Fluids
Ulwelo lwe-deicing luhlulwe lwaba ziintlobo ezine, nganye ineempawu ezithile (i-Ground Icing: Fluid Basics):
Uhlobo I: Ulwelo olungenamkhenkce kangako lokucoca, lufakwe lushushu, lune-HOT emfutshane.
Uhlobo II: Ulwelo olujiyileyo lokulwa neqhwa, lunika iiHOT ezinde, ezisetyenziswa eYurophu.
Uhlobo lwesithathu: Ilungelelaniswe kwiinqwelo-moya ezincinci, ezinee-HOT eziphakathi.
Uhlobo lwesine: Ulwelo olunamandla aphezulu kwinqwelo-moya enkulu, olubonelela nge-HOT ende.
Ezi zinto zimanzi zihlala zisekelwe kwi-glycol, kwaye i-propylene glycol ikhethwa ngenxa yokuba ityhefu yayo iphantsi.
| Uhlobo lolwelo | Ukusetyenziswa Okuphambili | Ukuqaqamba | Ixesha Lokubamba |
| Uhlobo I | Ukunyibilikisa | Iphantsi | Mfutshane |
| Uhlobo II | Ukuchasa i-icing | Phezulu | Iphakathi |
| Uhlobo lwesithathu | Ukucola/Ukuchasa i-icing | Phakathi | Iphakathi |
| Uhlobo lwesine | Ukuchasa i-icing | Phezulu | Mde |
Ukubaluleka kolweloDubume
NgobaDubumeIzinto
Ubuninzi bolwelo lokucoca bumisela ukusebenza kwazo:
Indawo yokuqandisa: Umxube we-glycol oyi-70% unganciphisa iqondo lokubanda liye kwi--67°F (-55°C), xa kuthelekiswa ne--18°F (-28°C) kulwelo olungaxutywanga.
Ukuqaqamba: Ichaphazela ukutshizwa kunye nokunamathela, okubaluleke kakhulu kwiincindi ezilwa nokuqhwa.
Ixesha Lokubamba (ELISHUSHU): Iqinisekisa ixesha lokhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba inqwelo-moya isuke.
Ubushushu obuphantsi bokusetyenziswa kokusebenza (LOUT): Ichaza ubushushu obubanda kakhulu apho ulwelo luhlala lusebenza khona.
Uxinano olungalunganga lunokukhokelela ku:
Ukuncitshiswa okungaphantsi komlinganiselo: Ukuqina okuphezulu, ukutshiza okungalinganiyo, kunye nolwelo oluchithwayo.
Ukuxutywa kakhulu: Iqondo eliphezulu lokuqandisa, okunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.
Iimpembelelo zeNdalo kunye neendleko
Ulwelo lokucoca lubiza kakhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ngonyaka e-US kuqikelelwa kwi-25 yezigidi zeegaloni. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwandisa iindleko, ngelixa ukulahla okungafanelekanga kuphakamisa iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo, njengongcoliseko lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba.Umlinganiselo woxinano lweDeicerinceda ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa nokulawula inkunkuma, ixhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo efana naleyo evela kwi-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Indima yeeMeter zoXinaniso lweFluid Density
Zithini iiMeter zoXinaniso lweFluid Density?
Iimitha zoxinano lolwelo lokunyibilikisaukulinganisa uxinano lwee-deicing fluids, ezihambelana noxinano lwe-glycol. Iimitha ze-Ultrasonic okanye ze-sonic velocity-based, ezifana nezo zivela kwi- , zisebenzisa amaza esandi ukuvavanya uxinano ngexesha langempela, zibonelela ngesisombululo esingaphazamisiyo kwiindawo ezinzima.
Izicelo zokucoca iindiza
Iimitha zoxinano lweDeicerzisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:
Ukubeka iliso kwi-Inline: Ukulinganisa uxinano kwimibhobho yezothutho (umz., i-DN 50), imigca yokuqokelela, okanye amachibi.
Ulawulo lweNkunkuma: Ukuchonga umxholo we-glycol eseleyo emanzini amdaka ukuze kusetyenziswe kwakhona (>1%) okanye kukhutshwe amanzi.
Ulawulo lweNkqubo: Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wolwelo oluhlala luhleli ngexesha lokuxuba nokufaka.
Ezi mitha ziyaxhasaiinkqubo zokukhupha iinqanawangokubonelela ngedatha eqhubekayo, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kuvavanyo lwelabhoratri.
Iingenelo zokulinganisa uxinano lwe-Deicing Fluid Density
ILonnmeter, njengomvelisi ophambili okanye umthengisi weemitha zoxinano lwe-deicer, ibonelele ngezisombululo ezininzi zobungcali ezibandakanyaumlinganiselo woxinano oluqhubekayoIzisombululo zethu zisebenza ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko, ukonga iindleko, ukuthobela imiqathango yokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo
Umlinganiselo woxinano lolwelo olucociweyokuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo luyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokusebenza, luthintela ukutshintshwa komkhenkce kwaye lugcina ukuthembeka kwe-aerodynamic. Oku kubalulekile kwiiinkqubo zokukhupha iinqwelomoya, njengoko kuchaziwe yi-FAA.
Ukonga iindleko
Ngokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kolwelo,iimitha zoxinano lwedeicerukunciphisa inkunkuma, oko konga izigidi ngonyaka. Umzekelo, ukubeka esweni ngokuchanekileyo kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kolwelo nge-15%, njengoko kubonwe kwizifundo zamatyala.
Ukuthobela iNdalo
Iimitha zoxinanonceda ekulawuleni amanzi amdaka ngokuvavanya umxholo we-glycol, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo ye-EPA. Ukuphinda usebenzise ulwelo olune-glycol engaphezulu kwe-1% kunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye neendleko zonyango.
Ukusebenza kakuhle koMsebenzi
Idatha yexesha langempela evelaiimitha zoxinano lolwelo lokucocakunciphisa ukulibaziseka, okuvumelaiingcali zokusika iinqwelomoyaukwenza uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo. Oku kwenza kube lulaizisombululo zokucoca iinqwelomoyakwaye kunciphisa amaxesha okusebenza.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezisombululo ze-Aircraft Deicing
Izixhobo Zokuhombisa Iinqwelo-moya
Izixhobo zokusika i-deicing zeenqwelo-moyaibandakanya iilori zokutshiza, ii-boom, kunye neeyunithi eziphathwa ngesandla, ezenzelwe ukusebenzisa ulwelo ngokufanelekileyo.Inumgca dIimitha zobungakanani zidibana nezi nkqubo ukujonga umgangatho wolwelo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Iinkqubo zokuDaya iiNqwelo-moya
Iinkqubo zokucoca iinqwelomoyaziquka ukusetyenziswa kolwelo, ukubeka esweni, kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma. Iimitha zoxinano ziyaphucula ezi nkqubo ngokubonelela ngedatha yolawulo oluzenzekelayo, nto leyo enciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla.
Uqeqesho kunye neenkqubo
Iingcali zokusika iindizandidinga uqeqesho kwiiinkqubo zokukhupha iinqwelomoya, kuquka ukulinganiswa kolwelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwalo. Izixhobo ezifanaukulwa nokuqhekeka kweenqwelo moya pdfevela kwi-FAA inika izikhokelo ezineenkcukacha (i-FAA SIAGDP).
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Yintoni ukudutyulwa kweenqwelo moya?
Ukusika iindizaisusa umkhenkce, ikhephu, okanye iqabaka kwiindawo zeenqwelo-moya ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kweenqwelo-moya.
Isebenza njani imitha yoxinano lolwelo lokucoca?
Iimitha zoxinano lolwelo lokunyibilikisasebenzisa amaza e-ultrasound ukulinganisa uxinano, oluhambelana noxinano lwe-glycol ukuze kujongwe ngexesha langempela.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukulinganisa uxinano lolwelo oluphuma kwi-deicing?
Umlinganiselo woxinano lweDeiceriqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kolwelo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuthobela okusingqongileyo ngokulawula uxinano.
Zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekutsaleni iinqwelomoya?
Izixhobo zokusika i-deicing zeenqwelo-moyaibandakanya iilori zokutshiza, ii-boom, kunye nee-refractometers, kunye neemitha zoxinano ukuze kujongwe ngokuqhubekekayo.
Iimitha zoxinano lolwelo lokunyibilikisabayatshintshaizisombululo zokucoca iinqwelomoyangokubonelela ngedatha yoxinano ngexesha langempela, ukuphucula ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuzinza. Nangona i-refractive index isalokhu iyindlela esemgangathweni yokuhlolwa kokuqala,umlinganiselo woxinano lolwelo lokucocaigqwesile ekubekeni esweni rhoqo nasekulawuleni inkunkuma. Izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zomhlaba, kunye nabavelisi banokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukuphuculaiinkqubo zokucima iqhwa kunye neenkqubo zokulwa nokucima iqhwa kwiinqwelo-moya, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho ye-FAA kunye ne-SAE.
Ngaphezu koko, iLonnmeter igqwesile ekubonakaliseni isisombululo esidibeneyo esibandakanya uxinano oluqhubekayo kunyevii-scosityukulinganisa iinkqubo zokususa i-deicing kunye neenkqubo zokulwa ne-icing kwiinqwelomoya. Qhagamshelana nathi ukuze uhlole indlela iimitha zoxinano lwe-deicer ezinokuphakamisa ngayo imisebenzi yakho—cela isampulu yasimahla namhlanje (ilinganiselwe kwiiyunithi ezili-1,000, ofike kuqala, ofike kuqala)!
Ixesha leposi: Juni-13-2025
