MUkunciphisa inqanaba lolwelo kwiitanki ezisetyenziswa zizakhiwo zokwenza i-semiconductor kufuna izisombululo ezinyamezela uxinzelelo lwe-cryogenic, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo, kunye nolawulo olungqongqo longcoliseko. Ukhetho lokulinganisa kufuneka lubeke phambili ukungangeneleli, impendulo ekhawulezayo kwi-intanethi, kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci ukukhusela isivuno kunye nexesha lokusebenza.
Imveliso eqhubekayo kwi-Intanethi efanelekileyo kwi-Interlocks zoLawulo lweNkqubo kunye noKhuseleko
Iziphumo eziqhubekayo, zexesha langempela ziyimfuneko kulawulo lwenkqubo kunye nokunxibelelana kokhuseleko kwiindawo zokwenza i-semiconductor. Iziphumo ezikhethwayo ziquka i-4–20 mA ene-HART, i-Modbus, okanye ii-Ethernet variants zoqhagamshelo oluthe ngqo lwe-PLC/DCS. Qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sixhasa iindlela zokungaphumeleli kunye nee-alamu ezicwangcisiweyo kwiimeko eziphezulu/eziphantsi, zesantya-sotshintsho, kunye nelahleko yesiginali. Umzekelo: imveliso eqhubekayo ye-4–20 mA ebotshelelwe kwi-solenoid yokuzalisa itanki ithintela ukugcwala xa inqanaba lidlula umda ocwangcisiweyo.
Ukungakhuseleki Kumphunga, Igwebu, Ukuxinana, kunye Nokutshintsha Kweempawu Zeendaba
Iitanki zokugcina izinto ezirhabaxa zivelisa iingubo zomphunga, ukuhluma, kunye nokuxinana ngamaxesha athile ngexesha lokudluliselwa. Khetha ubuchwepheshe obunamandla okuzikhusela kwiingxolo ezingezizo kunye nokuxinana komphezulu.Umthumeli wenqanaba leradarItekhnoloji kunye neenkqubo zokudlulisela inqanaba leradar yamaza ezikhokelwayo zinokulandula ukubuyiselwa okungachanekanga ukuba zicwangciswe ngokuchanekileyo. Gxininisa ekucwangcisweni kwesignali ehlengahlengiswayo, ukujonga i-echo curve, kunye nokucoca okwakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze kuthintelwe iimpazamo zenqanaba ezibangelwa ngumphunga, igwebu, okanye ukutshiza. Umzekelo: umthumeli weradar osebenzisa useto oluphambili lokucubungula isignali akawunaki umaleko womphunga odlulayo ngexesha lokubilisa.
Ukulinganiswa kweNqanaba leNitrogen yoLwalo
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Ukungena Okuncinci KweeMechanical kunye Neenxalenye Ezingashukumiyo
Nciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza nokugcinwa ngokukhetha izinzwa ezingenazo iindawo ezihambayo kunye nokungena okuncinci kwiitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum. I-radar engadibaniyo efakwe kwi-nozzle ephezulu ekhoyo ithintela ii-probes ezinde kwaye inciphisa i-thermal bridging. Iinketho ze-radar yamaza ezikhokelwa yi-probe emfutshane zinokungena kwii-flanges ezincinci ezikhoyo ezingenazo ii-deep bores. Cacisa izixhobo kunye nobukhulu be-flange obuhambelana neejakethi ze-vacuum kunye nezitywini ze-cryogenic ukugcina ukuthembeka kwetanki. Umzekelo: khetha i-radar engadibaniyo egqunywe phezulu ukuze ususe i-probe ende eya kungena kwi-insulation.
Ukuxilongwa, Ukugcinwa Okuqikelelweyo, kunye Nokusombulula Iingxaki ngokulula
Iitransmitter ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zibandakanye ukuxilongwa kunye nezixhobo ezilula zokusombulula iingxaki ukuze kwandiswe ukufumaneka kwezityalo. Zifuna ukuxilongwa okungaphakathi njengomboniso we-echo-curve, iimetrics zamandla esignali, ukujonga ukuthembeka kweprobe, kunye neenzwa zobushushu. Inkxaso yokuxilongwa okukude kunye neengxelo zeempazamo ikhawulezisa uhlalutyo lwemvelaphi. Izilumkiso zokuqikelela—ezifana namandla esignali aphantsi okanye izalathisi zokungcolisa iprobe—zinceda ekucwangciseni ukungenelela ngaphambi kokuvalwa. Umzekelo: itransmitter ebhala ukuncipha kwe-echo kancinci kancinci inokubangela ukucocwa kokwakheka ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukusilela.
Ubuchule bokulinganisa amanqanaba onxibelelwano kwiimeko ezininzi
Ukulinganisa ii-interfaces kwiimeko zolwelo/umphunga okanye ii-stratified-layer kufuna iindlela ezinokukwazi ukusombulula ii-dielectric contrast ezincinci. Itekhnoloji yokudlulisa inqanaba le-GWR kunye nezixhobo zokudlulisa inqanaba le-radar yamaza ezikhokelwayo ziva ii-interfaces apho kukho i-dielectric contrast phakathi kwee-layers. Ngokukodwa kwi-nitrogen engamanzi, i-dielectric contrast ephantsi phakathi kolwelo kunye nomphunga ithintela isisombululo se-interface; nciphisa oku ngemilinganiselo ehambelanayo. Hlanganisa i-radar/GWR kunye ne-temperature profiles, uxinzelelo lomahluko, okanye ii-sensors ezininzi ezizimeleyo ukuqinisekisa indawo ye-interface. Umzekelo: sebenzisa i-probe ye-GWR ukubona i-interface yeoyile/i-LN2 ngelixa i-radar ebekwe phezulu ijonga inqanaba le-bulk.
Ukuhambelana neJiyometri yeTanki, ukuFakelwa ngaphakathi, kunye nokuhlanganiswa neenkqubo zoLawulo lweZiko
I-Match sensor form factor kwiitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum kunye nee-nozzles ezikhoyo. Qinisekisa iindlela zokufakela kwi-inline fittings ephezulu, esecaleni, okanye emfutshane. I-inline mounting ibhekisa kwi-compact sensors ezihambelana neepayipi ezikhoyo okanye ii-flanges ezincinci ezingenazo ii-probes ezinde; qinisekisa imizobo yoomatshini kunye nobubanzi obuncinci be-nozzle ngaphambi kokukhetha. Qinisekisa ukuba i-electrical and communication interfaces zihambelana nemigangatho yesityalo kwiinkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo. Funa i-wiring ebhaliweyo, i-signal conditioning, kunye neendlela ezicetyiswayo zokumisa umhlaba kwiindawo ze-cryogenic. Umzekelo: khetha i-compact guided wave radar probe ehambelana ne-nozzle ye-1.5 intshi kwaye inike i-4–20 mA/HART kwi-central DCS.
Itekhnoloji yeRadar yamaza aqondisiweyo (i-GWR) — umgaqo wokusebenza kunye namandla ayo
Umgaqo wokulinganisa
I-GWR idlulisela amandla aphantsi, i-nanosecond microwave ityhala phantsi kweprobe. Xa i-pulse idibana nomda one-dielectric constant eyahlukileyo, inxalenye yamandla iphinda ibuyele umva. I-transmitter ilinganisa ukulibaziseka kwexesha phakathi kwee-pulses ezithunyelweyo nezibuyiselweyo ukuze ibale umgama kumphezulu wolwelo. Ukusuka kuloo mgama ibala inqanaba lilonke okanye inqanaba lojongano. Ubunzulu bokubonakalisa buyanda njengoko i-dielectric constant yemveliso isanda.
Amandla eetanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum kunye ne-LN2
I-GWR inika ukufundwa kwamanqanaba ngqo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubuyisela uxinano, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, i-viscosity, i-pH, ubushushu, okanye utshintsho loxinzelelo. Olu zinzo luhambelana nezisombululo ze-nitrogen ezingamanzi kwiitanki zokugcina ezigqunywe nge-vacuum cryogenic, apho iipropati zolwelo kunye neemeko zomphunga zihlala zahluka. I-GWR ibona ngqo ulwelo-umphunga kunye nolwelo-ulwelo, ngoko ke isebenza ekulinganisweni kwamanqanaba e-nitrogen engamanzi kunye nokujonga ujongano kwiinkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo.
Isikhokelo seprobe sithintela amandla e-microwave ecaleni kweprobe. Olu xinano lwenza ukuba imilinganiselo ingabi namvakalelo kwimilo yetanki, izixhobo zangaphakathi, kunye nejometri ezincinci zetanki. Loo ndlela ikhokelwa yiprobe inciphisa uvakalelo kuyilo lwegumbi kwaye yenza kube lula ukufakwa kwiinqanawa eziqinileyo okanye ezintsonkothileyo eziqhelekileyo kwizityalo zokwenza iiwafer kunye nezakhiwo zokwenza ii-semiconductor.
I-GWR ikwasebenza kwiimeko ezinzima zenkqubo. Igcina ukuchaneka komphunga, uthuli, i-turbulence, kunye ne-foam. Ezo mpawu zenza i-GWR ibe sisixhobo sokulinganisa inqanaba elikwi-intanethi apho iindlela zokulinganisa ezingangeneleliyo zikhethwa khona. Itekhnoloji yokudlulisa inqanaba le-GWR ihambelana nezicelo ezininzi zokudlulisa inqanaba lolwelo apho iindlela ezibonakalayo okanye zokudada zingaphumeleli.
Ukuqinisekiswa koshishino
Imithombo yoshishino ezimeleyo ibona ukulinganiswa kwamanqanaba eradar njengokuqina kwiimeko ezinzima. Izixhobo zeradar zibonelela ngokuchaneka kokulinganisa kunye nokuthembeka okuzenza zibe zezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunezinye izinzwa ezininzi eziphazamisayo kwiinkqubo nakwizicelo zokugcina.
Ukufaneleka kwenkqubo yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yezityalo
I-GWR idibana neenkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo njengesixhobo sokulinganisa inqanaba elikwi-intanethi. Ixhasa ukulinganiswa kwenqanaba le-nitrogen engamanzi kwiilophu zenkqubo ngaphandle kokulungiswa rhoqo koxinano okanye ukuguquguquka kobushushu. Oko kunciphisa ukugcinwa ngelixa kugcinwa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenqanaba kwimisebenzi ebucayi kwizityalo zokwenza ii-wafer kunye nezinye izakhiwo ze-semiconductor.
Kutheni ukhetha ii-transmitters ze-GWR ezikwi-inline level ze-nitrogen engamanzi kwizityalo zokwenza ii-wafer
Itekhnoloji yokudlulisa inqanaba le-radar yamaza ekhokelwayo (i-GWR) igcina ukuchaneka okuzinzileyo kwiimeko ezi-cryogenic. Umahluko onamandla we-dielectric phakathi kwe-nitrogen engamanzi kunye nomphunga uvelisa ukubonakaliswa okucacileyo kwe-radar. Ukulinganiswa okusekwe kwi-probe kuhlala kuphindaphindwa nangona amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kunye nokutshintsha kweenkqubo.
Iiprobe ze-GWR azinazo iindawo ezihambayo. Ukungabikho kweendlela zoomatshini kunciphisa ukuphindaphinda rhoqo kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuveliswa kweesuntswana. Oko kunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko kwiindawo zokwenza ii-semiconductor apho iimfuno zococeko zingqongqo.
Iindlela zokufakela iprobe ephezulu okanye esezantsi zinciphisa ukungena kwenkqubo kunye nokukwazi ukuvuza. Iprobe efakwe kwiflange ephezulu isebenzisa ukungena okukodwa okunomlinganiselo woxinzelelo kuphahla lwenqanawa. Iprobe esezantsi ingena kwi-port encinci yenkqubo okanye kwi-spool piece, nto leyo evumela ukuba kususwe lula ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu lwenqanawa. Umzekelo: ukufaka i-transmitter ye-radar yenqanaba le-guided wave kwi-vacuum insulated cryogenic storage tank nge-1.5
I-Lonnmeter Guided Wave Radar Inline Level Transmitter
Ubungakanani kunye nokuThembeka koLwelo lweCryogenic
Iitransmitter ze-radar ezikhokelwa yiLonnmeter zisebenzisa i-microwave pulse ekhokelwa yiprobe ukulandelela umphezulu wolwelo ngokuphindaphindwa kwe-sub-millimeter. Uyilo lweprobe kunye nokucubungula i-echo kuphatha ii-dielectric constants eziphantsi kunye neeblanketi zomphunga eziqhelekileyo kwizisombululo ze-nitrogen yolwelo. Kwizityalo zokwenza ii-wafer kunye nezakhiwo zokwenza ii-semiconductor, oku kuvelisa ukufundwa okulinganayo kwiitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum kunye neenkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo.
Isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko kwizicelo zenqanaba le-SIL2 ngelixa kuthintelwa ukungena okongezelelweyo
Isixhobo sokudlulisa siqinisekiswe kukhuseleko kwi-SIL2, sivumela ukusetyenziswa kwiiluphu zezixhobo zokhuseleko ngaphandle kokongeza izixhobo zokhuseleko ezahlukeneyo. Uyilo lwaso lokungena komgca omnye lugcina ukuthembeka kweenqwelwana zetanki, lunciphisa iindlela zokuvuza kwiitanki zokugcina ezigqunywe nge-vacuum. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko weenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo zokwenza i-semiconductor apho ukugcina i-vacuum kunye ne-insulation kubalulekile.
Isithumeli esinokutshintshatshintsha okuninzi sinciphisa inani lezixhobo kunye nokungena kwenkqubo
I-radar yamaza ekhokelwayo eguquguqukayo kaLonnmeter inika iinguqu zenkqubo ezingaphezulu kunye nezongezelelweyo ukusuka kwisixhobo esinye. Ukudibanisa inqanaba, isibonakaliso sojongano/ubuninzi kunye nokuxilongwa okubangelwa bubushushu okanye ubuninzi kususa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukungena okumbalwa kuphucula ukuthembeka kwe-vacuum, kunciphisa umsebenzi wokufakelwa, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lobunini bezicelo zokuhambisa ulwelo.
Uxilongo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ngokulula
Uxilongo olukwibhodi lujonga umgangatho wesiginali, imeko yeprobe, kunye nokuzinza kwe-echo ngexesha langempela. Izilumkiso zokuqikelela zibonisa ukusebenza okuwohlokayo ngaphambi kokusilela, kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo kunye nexesha eliphakathi lokulungisa. Iingcali zingasebenzisa ii-echo traces ezigciniweyo ukusombulula iingxaki kwiinkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okungafunekiyo.
Yenzelwe iitanki ezincinci kunye nejometri ezintsonkothileyo; isebenza ngomphunga, i-turbulence, kunye ne-foam
Iprobe ekhokelwayo kunye nokulungiswa kwesignali okuphambili kulungele iinqanawa ezikufutshane nezivaliweyo. I-transmitter ibona ngokuthembekileyo inqanaba kwiitanki ezincinci, iintamo ezimxinwa, kunye nejometri ezingaqhelekanga ezifumaneka kwiinqanawa zokubonelela ngezixhobo ze-cluster LN2. Ikwahlukanisa ii-echo zokwenyani zolwelo kumphunga, i-turbulence, kunye ne-foam, okwenza kube luncedo ekulinganiseni inqanaba le-nitrogen yolwelo kwiindawo ezifuna ulwakhiwo lwezityalo.
Iipulse ze-microwave ezinamandla aphantsi zinciphisa ukudluliselwa kobushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwimidiya ye-cryogenic
Iipulse ze-microwave ezingenamandla aneleyo zinciphisa ubushushu bendawo kwaye zinciphise ukubila xa zilinganisa ulwelo olune-cryogenic. Oku kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-nitrogen engamanzi kwaye kugcina uzinzo lobushushu kwiitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum. Le ndlela igcina uluhlu lwezinto ezine-cryogenic kwaye ixhasa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiindawo zokwenza i-semiconductor ezinobuthathaka.
Imizekelo ebekwe apha ngasentla: kwisityalo sokwenza i-wafer, iyunithi enye ye-Lonnmeter guided wave radar ingathatha indawo ye-level sensor kunye ne-density probe kwi-dewar encinci ye-LN2, igcine ukungena okukodwa eludongeni lwetanki, kwaye inike ii-alamu ezixela kwangaphambili ezithintela ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso. Kwinkqubo yokuzalisa nokukhupha itanki ngokuqhubekayo, isixhobo esifanayo sigcina ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenqanaba ngeengubo zomphunga kunye ne-foam engapheliyo ngaphandle kokongeza umthwalo wobushushu kwi-cryogen.
Ukufakela nokudibanisa iindlela ezilungileyo zokugcina iitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum insulated
Icebo lokufaka: i-inline probe vs. ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi
Izikhonkwane ezisezantsi zinciphisa ukungena ngaphakathi kwijakethi ye-vacuum kwaye zinciphisa iindlela zokuvuza. Zibeka i-sensor embindini wetanki kwaye zinciphisa ukuvezwa kwiijethi zokungena. Sebenzisa i-top-down xa i-geometry yetanki kunye nokufikelela kwinkonzo kuvumela.
Iiprobe ezikwicala zivumela ukufikelela okulula kokugcinwa kwaye zingabekwa kufutshane neepayipi zenkqubo ukuze kulawulwe ngokudibeneyo. Ii-inline mounts zonyusa inani lokungena kwaye zifuna ukutywinwa ngononophelo kunye nokulungelelaniswa ukuze kulondolozwe ukuthembeka kwe-vacuum. Khetha ukufakwa kwi-inline xa ukulungiswa okanye ukuhlanganiswa nemigca yokuzalisa nokukhupha itshaja rhoqo kubalulekile.
Linganisa isigqibo kwezi zinto: inani lokwaphuka kwe-vacuum, ukulula kokugcinwa, izixhobo zangaphakathi zetanki, kunye nendlela indawo yokulinganisa echaphazela ngayo ukuzinza kokufunda phantsi kweemeko zokuhamba kwamanzi ezifumaneka kwizityalo zokwenza ii-wafer kunye nezakhiwo zokwenza ii-semiconductor.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kutywinwa kwaye kufakwe i-flange ukuze kugcinwe ingqibelelo ye-vacuum
Yonke into engeneyo kufuneka ilinganiswe nge-vacuum kwaye ithomalaliswe kuxinzelelo kumaqondo obushushu abandayo. Khetha izitywini ze-flange zentsimbi ukuya kwi-metal okanye iinkqubo ze-gasket ezikwaziyo ukupholisa ezilungiselelwe ukujikeleza okuphindaphindiweyo kobushushu. Ziphephe izitywini ze-polymer ngaphandle kokuba zilinganiswe ngokucacileyo kwi--196 °C.
Sebenzisa ii-feedthroughs ezidityanisiweyo apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuze ufakelwe ngokusisigxina. Apho kufuneka khona ii-sensors ezisuswayo, faka i-flange ene-port ezininzi okanye i-bellows assembly ene-vacuum pump-out port eyenzelwe wena. Nika ii-vacuum test ports ezikufutshane nee-sensor flanges ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwejacket emva kokufakwa.
Yila iiflanges kunye nezitywini ukuze zilungele ukufinyela kobushushu. Faka izinto eziguquguqukayo okanye imikhono etyibilikayo ukuze uthintele uxinzelelo kwindawo yokungena ngexesha lokupholisa. Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokubambelela kwiflange ziyafikeleleka ngaphandle kokwaphula ijakethi yevacuum apho kunokwenzeka.
Ubude beprobe kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezifunekayo ukuze kuhambelane ne-cryogenic
Khetha izinto ezigcina ukuqina kwaye zimelana nokuqhekeka xa kushushu i-nitrogen engamanzi. Iintsimbi ezingenasici ezihambelana ne-cryogenic (umzekelo, i-metallurgy yeklasi ye-316L) zisemgangathweni kwiiprobe. Cinga ngee-alloys ezikhula kancinci kwiiprobe ezinde kakhulu ukunciphisa intshukumo phakathi kweprobe netanki.
Ubude beprobe bufanele bufikelele kakuhle kwisitya esingaphakathi ngaphantsi komgangatho ophezulu wolwelo olindelekileyo nangaphezulu kwendawo yesanti esezantsi. Ziphephe iiprobe ezichukumisa umzantsi wetanki okanye ii-baffles zangaphakathi. Kwitanki ende egqunywe nge-vacuum, vumela isibonelelo sokucotha kobushushu seemilimitha ezininzi ngemitha nganye yobude beprobe.
Kwizixhobo zokuhambisa i-radar ye-wave level ezikhokelwayo, sebenzisa ii-rod probes eziqinileyo okanye ii-coaxial probes ezilinganiselwe inkonzo ye-cryogenic. Ii-cable-type probes zinokuqokelela i-condensate okanye umkhenkce kwaye azithandwa kakhulu kwiitanki ezinobunzima bokubila okanye ukutyibilika. Cacisa ukugqitywa komphezulu kunye nomgangatho we-weld ukuze uphephe iindawo ze-nucleation zokwakheka komkhenkce.
Umzekelo: isikhephe esingaphakathi esingangeemitha ezi-3.5 sinokufuna iprobe eyimitha ezi-3.55–3.60 ukuze kujongwane nokuxinana kunye nobukhulu beflange efakelwayo. Qinisekisa ubungakanani bokugqibela kubushushu obulindelekileyo bokusebenza.
Ukuhlanganiswa neemeko zokuzalisa nokukhupha itshaja rhoqo
Beka i-level sensor kude nee-inlet kunye nee-outlet jets ukuze uthintele ukufundwa okungachanekanga kwi-turbulence. Njengomthetho, fumana ii-probes ubuncinane ububanzi betanki enye ukusuka kwii-inlet ezinkulu okanye ii-outlet ports, okanye ngasemva kwee-baffles zangaphakathi. Ukuba imida yesithuba iyakuthintela oku, sebenzisa ii-sensors ezininzi okanye usebenzise i-signal processing ukuze ukwala ii-echoes ze-transient.
Kuphephe ukufaka iprobe ngqo kumjelo wokugcwalisa. Kwiinkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha amanzi rhoqo, ukuhluzwa kunye nokubekwa kwamaleko obushushu kungenziwa; beka i-sensor apho ivavanya khona ulwelo oluxutywe kakuhle, ngokuqhelekileyo kufutshane nomgca ophakathi wesitya okanye ngaphakathi komthombo wokuzola owenziwe ngobunjineli. Umthombo wokuzola okanye ityhubhu ephakathi inokuyihlula i-sensor ekuphumeni kwayo kwaye iphucule ukuchaneka kwayo ngexesha lokudluliselwa ngokukhawuleza.
Kwizityalo zokwenza i-wafer apho ukuhanjiswa rhoqo kwe-nitrogen engamanzi kwenzeka ngexesha lokucoca izixhobo, misela iindawo zokulinganisa kunye nezihluzi ukuze zingayinaki imiqolo yexesha elifutshane. Sebenzisa i-avareji, i-moving-window smoothing, okanye i-echo-tracking logic kwi-transmitter output ukuze ucinezele ii-alamu zobuxoki ezivela kwi-slugs ezimfutshane.
Iindlela zokufaka iingcingo, i-grounding, kunye ne-EMC ukuze kusebenze ngokuthembekileyo i-radar
Dlulisa iintambo zesignali kwiindlela zokuhambisa umoya ezilinganiswe nge-vacuum ezine-strain relief kunye ne-thermal transition entries. Sebenzisa iintambo ezikhuselweyo, ezijijekileyo okanye ezi-coaxial njengoko kufuneka kwitekhnoloji ye-radar ekhethiweyo. Gcina intambo ingasebenzi kakuhle kwaye uphephe ukuzibopha ngeentambo zamandla.
Misela ireferensi yomhlaba enenqaku elinye kwindawo yesensa kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki ukuthintela imijikelo yomhlaba. Bopha izikhuselo emhlabeni kwelinye icala ngaphandle kokuba ulwalathiso lomenzi luchaza ngenye indlela. Faka ukhuseleko lokuhamba kunye nezithinteli zexesha elifutshane kwiindawo ezinde zekhebula ezinqumla igadi okanye iindawo zombane.
Nciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ngokwahlula iintambo ze-sensor kwii-variable-frequency drives, ii-motor feeders, kunye ne-high-voltage buswork. Sebenzisa ii-ferrite cores kunye ne-conduit apho kuyimfuneko. Kwi-guided wave radar level transmitter transmitter, gcina uphawu lwe-impedance continuity kwi-feedthrough kunye ne-connector interfaces ukuze ugcine ukuthembeka kwesignali.
Isicwangciso sokusasazwa (indlela ecetyiswayo yokusetyenziswa ngokwezigaba)
Isigaba sovavanyo: uphando lweetanki, iimeko zenkqubo, kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yolawulo
Qala ngophando lwetanki ebonakalayo. Bhala phantsi ijiyometri yetanki, iindawo zomlomo, isithuba sokufakwa kobushushu, kunye neendawo zokungena kwizixhobo ezikhoyo. Qaphela ukufikelela kwindawo yokucoca umoya kunye nazo naziphi na iibhulorho zobushushu ezichaphazela ukubekwa kwesensor.
Bamba iimeko zenkqubo kuquka uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo noluphezulu lokusebenza, ubushushu bendawo yomphunga, amazinga okuzalisa, kunye nokunyuka okanye ukunyuka okulindelekileyo ngexesha lokuzaliswa nokukhutshwa kwetanki okuqhubekayo. Bhala phantsi iipatheni ezijikelezayo ezisetyenziswa kwizityalo zokwenza iiwafer kunye nezakhiwo zokwenza ii-semiconductor.
Chaza iimfuno zenkqubo yolawulo kwangethuba. Cacisa iintlobo zesignali (4 20 mA, HART, Modbus), ii-alamu ezingaqhelekanga, kunye namazinga okuhlaziya alindelekileyo kwizixhobo zokulinganisa inqanaba kwi-intanethi. Chonga iibhendi zokuchaneka ezifunekayo kunye namanqanaba okuthembeka kokhuseleko.
Izinto eziza kuphunyezwa kuvavanyo kufuneka zibandakanye iphepha le-scope, imizobo yokufakela, uluhlu lweendlela zokulinganisa ezikhethwayo ezingangeneleliyo, kunye ne-I/O matrix yenkqubo yokulawula.
Ukufakwa kwepiloti: ukuqinisekiswa kwetanki enye kunye novavanyo lokudibanisa phantsi kweemeko zokuzalisa/zokukhupha amanzi rhoqo
Uvavanyo lwetanki enye yokugcina i-vacuum insulated cryogenic. Faka i-transmitter yenqanaba elikhethiweyo kwaye usebenzise imijikelo yokusebenza epheleleyo. Qinisekisa inqanaba lokulinganisa ulwelo kwiitanki ngexesha leenkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha iitanki ngokuqhubekayo, kubandakanya ukuzalisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuthontsiza kancinci.
Sebenzisa i-pilot ukuthelekisa itekhnoloji yokudlulisa inqanaba le-radar, ukusebenza kokudlulisa inqanaba le-radar yamaza aqondisiweyo, kunye nezinye izidluliseli zenqanaba eliphambili kwindawo efanayo yetanki xa kunokwenzeka. Bhala ixesha lokuphendula, uzinzo, kunye nokuthambekela kumphunga, igwebu, okanye ukufuma. Kwi-radar yamaza aqondisiweyo, qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ze-probe zinyamezela ukuqiniswa kwe-cryogenic kwaye ukutyibilika kwe-feedthroughs kuyatywina ngokuthembekileyo.
Yenza uvavanyo lokudibanisa ne-PLC okanye i-DCS. Qinisekisa imida ye-alamu, ii-interlocks, iithegi zembali, kunye nokuxilongwa okukude. Sebenzisa ubuncinane iiveki ezimbini zokuqhuba umjikelo oxutyiweyo ukuze ubambe iimeko zomphetho. Qokelela ukuchaneka kwesiseko, ukushukuma, kunye neziganeko zokugcinwa.
Umzekelo: kwiziko lokuvelisa i-semiconductor, sebenzisa i-pilot kumjikelo oqhelekileyo we-fab feed weeyure ezingama-24. I-Log level transmitter outputs ichasene ne-fill volumes eyaziwayo kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-secondary gauge. Landelela iimpazamo ngexesha lokulahla amanzi amaninzi.
Ukuqaliswa: ukusasazwa ngokupheleleyo kwinethiwekhi yokugcina i-cryogenic kunye noqwalaselo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuxilongwa
Lungisa uqwalaselo lwesixhobo esikhethiweyo emva kokuqinisekiswa kwepiloti. Tshixa ubude beprobe, iiflange zokufaka, ii-cable entrys, kunye nezicwangciso ze-transmitter. Yenza iphakheji yokuhambisa enemodeli, i-serial, kunye nezicwangciso ze-calibration zobungakanani betanki nganye.
Sebenzisa uxilongo oluhambelanayo kunye ne-alamu logic kuzo zonke iitanki. Qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sokulinganisa kwinqanaba le-intanethi siveza iiprofayili ze-echo, iiflegi zovavanyo lwakho, kunye nemeko yempilo kwinkqubo yolawulo. Uxilongo oluqhelekileyo lukhawulezisa ukusombulula iingxaki kwiitanki ezininzi zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum.
Cwangcisa ukusasazwa kwamaza ukuze unciphise ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo. Cwangcisa ukufakelwa ngexesha lokulungiswa okucwangcisiweyo. Bandakanya iindawo zokugcina, izixhobo zokulinganisa, kunye nezixhobo ezilinganiswa yi-cryogenic. Hlaziya iimaphu zenethiwekhi kunye namaxwebhu e-I/O kwisenzi ngasinye esisetyenzisiweyo.
Umzekelo wesantya sokuqalisa: xhobisa iitanki zenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kuqala, uze emva koko iitanki zokugcina zesibini. Qinisekisa igagasi ngalinye ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kweentsuku ezimbini emva kokufakwa phantsi kweepateni eziqhelekileyo zokuzalisa/zokukhupha.
Ukunikezelwa noqeqesho: uqeqesho lwabaqhubi kunye nolondolozo kunye nee-SOP ezicacileyo zokubeka esweni kunye nokusombulula iingxaki
Nika uqeqesho olucwangcisiweyo lwabaqhubi oluhambelana ne-SOPs. Gquma iitshekhi zemihla ngemihla zokulinganisa inqanaba le-nitrogen engamanzi, impendulo ye-alamu, kunye notoliko olusisiseko lwe-echo. Qeqesha abasebenzi ukuba baqaphele iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusilela ezifana nokulahleka kwe-echo, ukufundwa okungazinzanga ngexesha le-slosh, kunye neempazamo zocingo.
Nika uqeqesho lokulungisa olugxile kukhuseleko lwe-cryogenic, ukuhlolwa kweprobe, iinkqubo zokulinganisa, kunye namanyathelo okutshintsha. Bandakanya ukuzilolonga ngesandla ukususa nokufaka kwakhona iiprobe okanye ii-sensor clamps ezingangeneleliyo ngelixa ugcina i-vacuum intelligence.
Nika amaxwebhu e-SOP acacileyo. Ii-SOP kufuneka zidwelise iinkqubo ezilandelelanayo: ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwenqanaba lokuhambisa, ukwenza umlinganiselo wentsimi, ukwahlula nokutshintsha i-transmitter, kunye nokwandisa iimpazamo eziqhubekayo. Bandakanya imizekelo yokuhamba kokusombulula iingxaki: qala ngamandla kunye nesignali, uze emva koko umgangatho we-echo, uze emva koko ujonge ngoomatshini.
Gcina irekhodi yoqeqesho kunye nokusayina izakhono. Cwangcisa iiseshoni zokuhlaziya rhoqo ezihambelana namaxesha okulinganisa.
Cela isicatshulwa / Ubizo lokwenza isenzo
Cela isicatshulwa see-transmitters ze-Lonnmeter Guided Wave Radar ezikwi-inline level xa ufuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wenqanaba le-nitrogen yolwelo kwizityalo zokwenza i-wafer okanye kwiitanki zokugcina ezigqunywe nge-vacuum. Cacisa ukuba usetyenziso lubandakanya iinkqubo zokuzalisa nokukhupha itanki ngokuqhubekayo ukuze isindululo sihambelane nemijikelo yokusebenza yokwenyani.
Xa ulungiselela isicelo sekowuteshini, faka iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo kunye noomatshini.
uhlobo lwetanki kunye nomthamo (umzekelo: itanki yokugcina i-cryogenic egqunywe nge-vacuum insulated, 5,000 L), i-media (i-nitrogen engamanzi), kunye namaqondo obushushu kunye noxinzelelo lokusebenza;
amazinga okuzalisa nokukhupha aqhubekayo, umjikelo womsebenzi oqhelekileyo, kunye neemeko zokunyuka okanye ukutyibilika okulindelekileyo;
indawo yokufakela, amazibuko afumanekayo, kunye nejometri yesithuba sentloko;
uluhlu lokulinganisa olufunekayo, ukuchaneka okufunekayo kunye nokuphindaphinda, kunye nemida ye-alamu/yokuseta;
ukhetho lokuhambelana kwezinto kunye nayo nayiphi na indawo yokucoca okanye imida yongcoliseko kwizityalo zokwenza iiwafer;
ulwahlulo lweendawo ezinobungozi kunye nayo nayiphi na imiqathango yokufakela.
Ukuze ucele ikowuteshini okanye ulungiselele uvavanyo, qokelela izinto ezidweliswe apha ngasentla uze uzithumele ngetshaneli yakho yokuthenga okanye ngoqhagamshelwano lobunjineli besakhiwo. Idatha ecacileyo yesicelo ikhawulezisa ubungakanani kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba isindululo somthumeli wenqanaba le-radar yamaza esikhokelwayo sihambelana nezicelo zomthumeli wenqanaba lolwelo kwizityalo zokwenza i-wafer kunye neenkqubo zokugcina i-cryogenic.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokulinganisa inqanaba le-nitrogen engamanzi etankini kwisityalo sokwenza iiwafer?
Iitransmitter ze-Guided wave radar (GWR) ezikwi-inline level zibonelela ngomlinganiselo oqhubekayo, ochanekileyo, ongengowoomatshini we-cryogenic LN2 kwizityalo zokwenza iiwafer. Zisebenzisa i-probe-guided microwave pulse eyomeleleyo ngokuchasene nomphunga, i-turbulence, kunye nejometri ezincinci zeetanki. Kwiitanki zokugcina ii-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum, faka itransmitter ene-infestations encinci, evalwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze ugcine ukuthembeka kwe-vacuum.
Ngaba umthumeli wenqanaba le-radar yamaza akhokelwayo angasebenza ngexesha lokuzaliswa nokukhutshwa okuqhubekayo?
Ewe. I-GWR yenzelwe ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kwi-intanethi kwaye igcina ukufundwa kwamanqanaba okuthembekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza okuguquguqukayo. Ukubekwa kweprobe ngokufanelekileyo, ukulungiswa kwezicwangciso zesixhobo ezingenanto kunye neendawo ezifileyo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-echo kuthintela ii-echoes zobuxoki ezibangelwa kukuhamba kwamanzi. Umzekelo: lungisa i-transmitter emva kokuyivula ngelixa ugcwalisa kwisantya esiphezulu sokuhamba komatshini ukuqinisekisa ii-echoes ezizinzileyo.
I-transmitter yenqanaba le-GWR ithelekiswa njani nee-sensors ezingezizo ezonxibelelwano ze-nitrogen engamanzi?
I-GWR ithumela ii-microwave pulses kwi-probe, ivelisa ii-echoes ezinamandla nezihambelanayo xa kukho umphunga nakwiimeko eziguquguqukayo. I-radar engadibaniyo ingasebenza kodwa inokusokola kwiitanki eziqinileyo okanye apho izakhiwo zangaphakathi zibonisa khona imiqondiso. Kwiitanki ezinemiqobo yangaphakathi okanye i-geometry encinci, i-GWR idla ngokunika i-echo returns engcono kunye nokufundwa okuzinzileyo kwe-LN2.
Ngaba umthumeli weradar yamaza okhokelwayo uya kuchaphazela ukuthembeka kwe-vacuum kwiitanki ze-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum?
Xa ifakelwe njengesixhobo sokuhambisa esingaphakathi esineendlela zokungena ezincitshisiweyo kunye nokuvalwa ngokuchanekileyo, i-GWR inciphisa inani elipheleleyo lokungena xa kuthelekiswa nee-sensors ezininzi ezizimeleyo. Ukungena okumbalwa kunciphisa iindlela zokuvuza kwaye kunceda ukugcina i-vacuum. Sebenzisa ii-flanges ezidibeneyo okanye izixhobo ze-vacuum eziphezulu kunye nezitywina ze-cryogenic ezifanelekileyo ukuthintela ukonakala kwe-vacuum yetanki.
Ngaba ii-guided wave radar transmitters zifuna uhlengahlengiso rhoqo okanye ukugcinwa kwinkonzo ye-cryogenic?
Hayi. Iiyunithi ze-GWR azinazo iindawo ezihambayo kwaye zihlala zifuna uhlengahlengiso oluncinci. Ukuxilongwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-echo kuvumela ukujonga okusekwe kwimeko. Yenza ukuqinisekiswa kwe-echo spectrum rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa ngokubonakalayo kweempawu kunye nemeko ye-probe ngexesha lokuvalwa okucwangcisiweyo.
Ngaba ii-radar level transmitters zikhuselekile ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka ze-semiconductor?
Ewe. Iitransmitter zenqanaba leradar zisebenza ngamandla aphantsi e-microwave kwaye azinawo umngcipheko weenxalenye. Ukungena kwazo okuncinci kunye nokuziva kwazo okungangeneleliyo kunceda ukugcina iindawo ezilawulwa kungcoliseko. Cacisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo, iiprobe ezicocekileyo, kunye nokhuseleko olufanelekileyo lokungena xa ufaka kufutshane neendawo ezicocekileyo.
Ndingayikhetha njani phakathi kwe-transmitter yenqanaba le-GWR kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-transmitter yenqanaba lolwelo kwi-LN2?
Sebenzisa uluhlu lokukhangela olukhethayo olubeka phambili ukuhambelana kwe-cryogenic, imveliso eqhubekayo kwi-intanethi, ukuqina komphunga kunye nokuxinana, ukungena okuncinci, ukuxilongwa, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlanganisa. Kwiitanki ezininzi ze-cryogenic ze-wafer fab, i-GWR iyahlangabezana nale migangatho. Cinga ngejometri yetanki, izithintelo zangaphakathi, kunye nokuba kufuneka na umlinganiselo we-multivariable.
Ndingalufumana phi uncedo lokudibanisa i-redar yamaza ekhokelwayo kwinkqubo yam yokulawula izityalo?
Nxibelelana neqela lobunjineli bezicelo zomthengisi wetransmitter ukuze ufumane inkxaso yokudibanisa, isikhokelo soqwalaselo, kunye nokubeka uluhlu lokuhlola. Banokunceda ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-echo, ukumisa umhlaba, kunye nemephu ye-DCS/PLC. Ukuze ufumane imitha yoxinano okanye i-viscosity esetyenziswa kunye nomlinganiselo wenqanaba, nxibelelana neLonnmeter ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha zemveliso kunye nenkxaso yesicelo esithile kwiimitha ezikwi-inline.
Zeziphi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwimitha yenqanaba le-nitrogen engamanzi?
Jonga amandla e-echo kunye neprofayili ye-echo ukuze ufumane imbuyekezo ezinzileyo nephindaphindwayo. Landelela umlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo (i-SNR), izalathisi zokuthembeka kweprobe okanye ukuqhubeka, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpazamo zomthumeli okanye iikhowudi zesilumkiso. Sebenzisa iindlela eziqhubekayo zokuxilonga ukucwangcisa ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukungaphumeleli.
Ukunciphisa inani lezixhobo nge-transmitter eguquguqukayo kuchaphazela njani iindleko zizonke?
I-GWR eguquguqukayo ngeendlela ezininzi inokulinganisa iinguqu zenqanaba kunye ne-interface ngaxeshanye, isuse ii-transmitters ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunciphisa izixhobo zokufakela, ukungena, iingcingo, kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elide. Inani eliphantsi lezixhobo likwanciphisa ukungena kwe-vacuum kunye nomngcipheko wokuvuza, okubalulekileyo kwiitanki zokugcina i-cryogenic ezigqunywe nge-vacuum. Isiphumo esipheleleyo sixabiso eliphantsi lobunini xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezininzi ezisebenzayo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-30-2025
