Ukuqina kwe-asphalt kunye nobushushu obuphezulu ekuvelisweni kwe-Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Ukuqina kwe-asphalt-samente kuchaza ukumelana nokuxinana komxube we-paving, kuba nentsingiselo kwinkqubo yolawulo lokuxuba ukuphucula ukuthembeka nokusebenza kakuhle.
Mna.Inkqubo ye-Hot Mix Asphalt
Wumnqwazi nguHotMixAi-sphalt?
I-asphalt exutywe neshushu (i-HMA) iveliswa ngokufudumeza nokuxuba ii-aggregates kunye nesamente ye-asphalt. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukomisa nokufudumeza ii-aggregates, uze uzigqume ngesamente ye-asphalt kwindawo yokuxuba eqhelekileyo. Zombini i-aggregate kunye ne-asphalt kufuneka zifudunyezwe ngaphambi kokuba zixutywe. Ligama elivela kulo elithi "hot mix".
Emva koko zonke ii-aggregates kunye ne-asphalt ziyafudunyezwa kwaye zidityaniswe kwindawo yokuxuba ngokulingana. Ugxininiso lutshintshela ekuqondeni iiparameter eziphambili ezifanaubushushu bokuxuba i-asphalt, dii-ensi-ityvisci-osity inmixing, nto leyo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iimpawu zokuhamba kwamanzi kunye namandla okubopha, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ibhetshi evelayo iyahlangabezana neemfuno eziqatha zokusetyenziswa kwepeyinti. Inyathelo elilandelayo liza kuthutho oluxutyiweyo olushushu ukuya kwindawo efana nendawo yepeyinti, kwaye lusasazwe ngomatshini wepeyinti.
Ukubaluleka koBungqingili kwiNkunkuma yokusebenza kweAsphalt
Ukuqina akusiyo nje indlela yokulinganisa yobuchwephesha kodwa yindlela esebenza ngayo i-asphalt, nto leyo echaza ukuba kulula kangakanani ukuyiphatha xa ixutywa. Imisela amandla okumelana nokuguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunye negalelo layo ekuqineni kweendawo ezigangathiweyo.
Xa i-viscosity isuka kwiindawo ekujoliswe kuzo, iziphumo ziyadlula kulo lonke ikhonkco: umxube ongahambelaniyo ukhokelela ekubeni iindlela ezibuthathaka ziqhekeke kwaye zingasebenzi kakuhle ngaphambi kwexesha, zinyusa iindleko zokulungisa kwaye ziphazamise ukuhamba kwezithuthi ngeendlela iingcali ezinamava ezizama ukuziphepha ngokubeka esweni ngononophelo.umlinganiselo we-asphalt viscosity, sizixhobisa ukuba senze izixhobo ezibalaseleyo ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni ixesha elide, siguqula ubuthathaka obunokubakho bube ngamandla aphucula ukusebenza kwesakhiwo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwezoqoqosho.
Umlinganiselo we-Inline Viscosity oBalulekileyo
Cisityalo sokuxuba i-asphalt esiqhubekayoskudala bejongene nokusilela kweendlela eziqhelekileyo zovavanyo olungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, apho ukulibaziseka kuhlalutyo lwelebhu kunye nemibuzo malunga nokuchaneka kwesampuli kudla ngokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kweziphumo.
Iindlela zokunxibelelana ngexesha langempela ziyayiguqula le ngxaki, zibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezikhawulezileyo ezilungelelanisainkqubo yokuxuba i-asphalt, qinisa ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho, kwaye wehlise iindleko zokusebenza ngokwenza utshintsho olukhawulezileyo endaweni yokulungisa izinto ngendlela ekhawulezayo.
II. Iziseko zoBungqingili kwiZinto zeAsphalt
Ukujonga umahluko phakathi kwe-"asphalt" kunye ne-"bitumen" kubonisa ukuba i-asphalt ligama elibanzi eliquka imixube esetyenziswa ekugayweni, ngelixa i-bitumen ibhekisa ngokukodwa kwinxalenye ye-binder, kodwa zombini zixhomekeke kwi-viscosity njengempawu esisiseko ebumba indlela eziziphatha ngayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Inkcazo kunye neempawu ze-Asphalt Viscosity
I-asphalt viscosity ibonisa ukuchasana kwayo nokuguquguquka xa iphantsi kwamandla okucheba, uphawu olutshintsha kakhulu ngokutshintsha kobushushu, olubonakalisa iimpawu zeNewtonian kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu apho ukuhamba kwamanzi kuhlala kufana, kodwa lutshintshela kwiingxaki ezingezizo zeNewtonian kwiimeko ezipholileyo okanye ngeefomyula ezilungisiweyo kwiukutyibiliza i-asphalt exutywe ngokushushu.
Iingcali ezinolwazi olunzulu kweli candelo ziyayiqonda indlela olu hlobo lobushushu olufuna ngayo iindlela ezintsonkothileyo zokulungisaindlela yokufumanisa i-viscosity ye-bitumen, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo ibamba impendulo eguqukayo yolwelo kuzo zonke iingcinezelo zokusebenza ezifunyenweyo kwizicelo zehlabathi lokwenyani.
Imigangatho kunye neenkcukacha zeViscosity
I-ASTM kunye ne-EN zibonelela ngesakhelo esithembekileyo sokuvavanya iipropati zokuhamba kwe-asphalt, ezi milinganiselo zisebenza njengeendlela zokusebenza rhoqo kwiiprojekthi zehlabathi. Ukudibanisa i-viscosity ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkqubo zokulinganisa ezifana nePerformance Grade (PG) kuvumela iingcali ukuba ziqikelele kwaye zilungelelanise ukuziphatha kwezinto, zikhuthaza izinto ezintsha ezihambelana neemfuno ezithile zemozulu kunye nomthwalo.
Impembelelo yoBungqingili kwiNkqubo yoKuxuba
Ukudibana phakathi kwe-viscosity kunye ne-aggregate ekuxubeni kunefuthe elifanayo lokugquma, ukulingana kokusasazwa, kunye namandla afunekayo ukufezekisa umxube odibeneyo.
Ukuchonga nokugcina imida ebalulekileyo ye-viscosity—eqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-100 ukuya kwi-500 centipoise kumaqondo obushushu axutywayo—kuqinisekisa ukubainkqubo ye-asphalt yokuxuba okushushuivelisa iimveliso ezilungiselelwe ukubekwa kakuhle kunye nokuqina kwexesha elide.
III. Umlinganiselo we-Inline Viscosity
Impi-orting ofI-Lonnmeter Inline Asphalt Viscometer
IILonnmeter I-Viscometer ye-Asphalt ekwi-Inlineivela njengesisombululo esomeleleyo esenzelwe imeko-bume enzima yokuveliswa kwe-asphalt, isebenzisa imigaqo yokungcangcazela ukuze inike uvavanyo oluchanekileyo noluqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuhamba kwamanzi.
Indlela esebenza ngayo ixhomekeke ekufumaneni utshintsho kwi-resonant frequency njengoko i-probe ingcangcazela ngaphakathi komlambo we-asphalt, iguqulela olu tshintsho kwi-viscosity readings echanekileyo enyamezela ubunzima bemisebenzi yobushushu obuphezulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-450°C kunye noxinzelelo olufana neemeko zezityalo zokwenyani.
Ukufunyanwa kwedatha kunye nokudluliselwa kwayo ngexesha langempela
Ingaphakathiineasi-phalt i-viscoi-meterngaphakathi kwemibhobho, iitanki zokugcina, kunyeumxube wesityalo se-asphaltsinceda ekubanjweni kwedatha ye-viscosity ngaphandle komthungo, kunye nee-algorithms eziphambili zokucubungula isignali eziguqula izinto ezifakwayo zokungcangcazela zibe zii-metrics ezisebenzisekayo eziboniswa ngoko nangoko kwiindawo zokulawula.
Iingenelo zale nkqubo—iimfuno ezincinci zokugcina izinto zicocekile kunye nokumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo—ziyibeka njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiingcali ezifuna ukuphakamisa ulwalathiso lwazo kwiinkqubo yokuxuba i-asphalt, ukuqinisekisa ukuba lonke utshintsho lunolwazi kwaye luyasebenza.
V. Ukuhlanganiswa kwiiNkqubo zokuxuba iAsphalt
Ukubekwa kwe Ai-sphaltVi-iscometerskwiNkqubo yokuxuba
Ezo mitha kufuneka zibekwe kwiitanki zokugcina i-asphalt ukuze kujongwe uzinzo lwe-binder okanye ecaleni kwemigca yokutya ekhokelela kwi-mixers ukuze kuqinisekiswe umxube ngaphambi kokuba zixutywe, zenza kube lula ukusebenza kwazo ngelixa kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka koomatshini okufana nokungcangcazela kwepompo okanye ukutshintsha kobushushu ngequbuliso. Abaqhubi banokusebenzisa imithombo yedatha engaphazanyiswayo ebonisa iimeko zenkqubo yokwenyani.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha kunye neenkqubo zoLawulo lweNkqubo
Hlanganisa idatha ye-viscosity kwi-Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) kunye neeplatifomu ze-Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), zenze i-ecosystem edibeneyo apho ulwazi lwexesha langempela luqhuba khona iimpendulo ezenzekelayo, ezinje ngokuguqula ukuhamba kwezongezo okanye ukulungisa amaqondo obushushu ukuze kugcinwe iipropati ezifunwayo. Le ndlela idibeneyo ayigcini nje ngokwandisa ukuchaneka kodwa ikwanika amandla amaqela ukuba aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiimpazamo.
Ukuzenzekelayo kunye noLawulo oluZiqhelanisayo
Ngokusebenzisa ii-algorithms ezintsonkothileyo ezilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo izinto zokufudumeza ngokuphendula impendulo ye-viscosity, inkqubo inciphisa ukuguquguquka, ivumela ukusebenza okwenziwa ngesandla okunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu kwaye kuphucula ukuhambelana kuzo zonke iibhetshi. Njengoko sidibanisa ezi ndlela zokuziqhelanisa, ukunciphisa ukubekwa esweni ngesandla kuthetha iziphumo ezikhuselekileyo, eziqikelelwayo ngakumbi, ubungqina obuqinisekileyo bokuba kutheni izibonelelo ezijonge phambili zibeka phambili ezo ntsha.
VI.Phezuyiza Imingeniin Inumgca Visi-cosity IMeangokuqinisekileyoingqondo
Izinto eziphathelele indalo
Uyilo oluqinileyo kunye nesakhiwo esipheleleyo se-i-viscometer ye-asphalt emgceni yanele ukumelana neemeko ezinzima, kuquka amaqondo obushushu aphezulu phakathi kwe-150 kunye ne-200°C kunye nomphunga we-asphalt okonakalisayo. Izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nee-aggregates ezilahlekileyo, uthuli oluphuma emoyeni, okanye ukungena komswakama okungafunekiyo zibeka umngcipheko ekuchanekeni kokulinganisa.
Ukuguquguquka kweAsphalt
Iifomyula ze-asphalt ezahlukeneyo — ukusuka kwiintlobo eziphuculweyo ze-polymer ezikhulisa ukuthamba ukuya kwiindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye ezixutywe ngokufudumeleyo ezijolise ekuzinzeni—zifunaii-viscometerinokuguquguquka ngokwaneleyo ukuze ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwakhona, ijongana nobuthathaka obunokuthi ngenye indlela butshintshe ukufundwa.
- Ukuguquguquka kwezinto eziluhlaza ezivela kwimithombo yeoyile ekrwada kudla ngokubangela ukungalingani, nto leyo eyenza uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lwamaxesha ngamaxesha lunganeli ukubhaqa utshintsho ngexesha langempela.
- Imiphumo yokwaluphala ngexesha lokugcina nokuthutha itshintsha iipropati, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kufuneke ukuba kubekwe iliso rhoqo ukuze kusetyenziswe amanyathelo okulungisa ngokukhawuleza.
- Iindawo zokusebenza ezinzima ezinotshintsho lobushushu kunye nokungcangcazela zibangela umngeni kuzinzo lwesenzi, kodwa uyilo lokungcangcazela lubalasele ngokungakhathali kumazinga okuhamba kwamanzi.
VII. Izicelo
Ulawulo loMgangatho kuLwakhiwo lweNdlela
Ukulinganisa okucwangcisiweyo kukhusela kwiibhetshi ezincinci, kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga okulahlwa kunye nokuqinisa amaxesha eprojekthi.
- Uhlengahlengiso lwexesha langempela ngexesha lokuvelisa ludibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo, lunciphisa ukulungiswa emva kwenkqubo kunye nenkunkuma yezinto.
- Ukuthintela ukonakaliswa kwepropathi xa kuthuthwa kuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwindawo yokugawulwa kwepavumente, kuphucula ukuthembeka kokuxinana.
- Ukuhambelana novavanyo lokumelana ne-rutting, olufana ne-Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), kulungelelanisa iziphumo nezikhokelo ze-AASHTO ukuze kubekho iziphumo ezigqwesileyo.
Ukuphucula Ukusebenza Kakuhle Kwamandla
Idatha ye-viscosity efunyenweyo ngexesha langempela ivumela ukulungiswa kokufakwa kobushushu ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okungeyomfuneko, okukhuthaza ukusebenza okuncinci okuhambelana neemfuno zokusingqongileyo kunye neenjongo zokonga imali. Kwixesha apho uzinzo luqhuba izigqibo, olu phuculo lunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya ngelixa lugcina umgangatho.
- Uhlalutyo lwedatha enkulu oluvela kwiimilinganiselo eziqokelelweyo luvumela ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, kwandisa ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kuxhasa izinto ezintsha ezijikelezayo, okuvumela ukuba kube lula ukuphatha iintlobo ezintsha ze-asphalt ngeefomyula ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
- Iinkqubo zokulinganisa ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo zinegalelo kwimikhwa yokulondoloza indalo, nto leyo enomtsalane kubanini-zabelo abakhathalele indalo.
Amandla okuguqula umlinganiselo we-inline viscosity uba kwinkqubo yokuxuba i-asphalt, okuphakamisa ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ukuya kumanqanaba achaza ngokutsha imilinganiselo yoshishino. Yalela i-inline viscometer ukuba ivule iindlela zokuvelisa i-asphalt ngendlela ezinzileyo nesebenzayo.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-20-2025
