Njengoko amaxabiso eoyile ehlabathi enyuka kwaye utshintsho oluya kumandla azinzileyo lukhawuleza, ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha ahlukileyo afana ne-ethanol, i-biodiesel, kunye ne-butanol kufikelele kumanqanaba angazange abonwe ngaphambili. La mafutha e-biofuels awapheleli nje ekubumbeni umxube wamandla kodwa adala neemfuno ezingxamisekileyo zobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuqonda ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokuxuba amafutha, ulawulo lomgangatho, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Xa sithatha abavelisi kunye nabathengisi be-ethanol njengomzekelo, umceli mngeni omkhulu usekugcineni ukuhambelana kwepetroli, ukuphucula iindleko zemveliso, kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yolawulo.
Ngena eLonnmeter, umvelisi ophambili kubuchwepheshe bokubona iinkqubo, enesisombululo esiphambili esenzelwe ukujongana nale mingeni ngqo: ipatentimitha yoxinano olusemgceniYakhelwe iimfuno ezitshintshayo zeemarike zepetroli kunye nezezinye iimarike zepetroli, le teknoloji iphambili inika indlela eqinileyo nengabizi kakhulu yokujonga umgangatho wepetroli ngexesha langempela.
Imingeni kwiMveliso ye-Ethanol yeMveliso
Abavelisi be-biofuel abavelisa i-ethanol yepetroli evela kwi-corn stover basebenzisa i-distillation yendabuko ngendlela eqhelekileyo, besebenzisa ulawulo lobushushu ukusika amaqhezu e-ethanol. Nangona kunjalo, ukungcola kwizixhobo eziluhlaza ezifana ne-methanol kunye nee-esters kudla ngokubangela ukuba ukungcola kube ngumphunga ophambili ngexesha lokunyibilikisa. Umzekelo, i-methanol iyanyibilika kwindawo yokubila engama-64.7°C ngaphambi kwe-ethanol ize ixubane neqhezu le-ethanol.
Iinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu azikwazi ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo i-ethanol ne-methanol kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintsheni okukhulu kobumsulwa be-ethanol obugqityiweyo kunye nokutshintshwa rhoqo.
Ukungahlambuluki Okukhokelela Kwiimpazamo Zobunyulu
Xa umxholo we-methanol kwi-alcohol yokubilisa eluhlaza ungaphezulu kwe-1.5%), umxube we-ethanol-methanol-water uyanyibilika ngaphambi kokuba i-ethanol ecocekileyo ifumaneke ngelixa ubushushu obuphezulu kwikholamu yokunyibilikisa bufikelela kwi-78.3 °C. Ke ngoko, uxinano lomxube we-ternary lungaphantsi kakhulu kunexabiso elijoliswe kulo eliyi-0.80 g/cm³. Iinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu azikwazi ukubona oku kungangqinelani kwaye ziqhubeke nokukhutshelwa okuqhelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo ezinomxholo we-methanol omninzi.
Ungenelelo oluSebenza ngesandla oluLibazisekileyo
Ukuthatha isampuli kunye novavanyo lobuninzi ngesandla kuthatha ukulibaziseka kwemizuzu engama-20 emva kokuthatha isampuli. Ngeli xesha, iitoni ezi-5-8 ze-ethanol engahambelaniyo zisenokuba sele zikhutshiwe, kwaye ukulungiswa kwereflux ratio ngexesha langempela akunakwenzeka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuzinzeni kwenkqubo.
Izisombululo zeLonnmeter zokujonga umgangatho weBiofuel
Ukubeka esweni okuchanekileyo ngexesha langempela
Ukulinganiswa koxinano ngexesha langempela yiteknoloji enelungelo lomenzi weLonnmeter kwenza ukuba kuhlalutywe ngokuchanekileyo izinto ezisetyenziswa kumafutha. Imitha yoxinano lobuninzi beCoriolis ilinganisa uxinano lobunzima ngokuphindaphindeka kokungcangcazela kolwelo, ifikelele ekuchanekeni kwe-±0.001 g/cm³. Ingahlula umahluko woxinano phakathi kwe-ethanol, amanzi, i-methanol, kunye nezinye izinto ngexesha, iphephe ukugweba okungafanelekanga okubangelwa kukufuma kwe-methanol kulawulo lobushushu lwendabuko.
Imitha yoxinano lwefolokhwe yokulungisa, enobuchane obuyi-±0.001 g/cm³, iyakwazi ukumelana notywala obuqinileyo obungaphantsi kwe-2000 CP kwiimeko zobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Okwangoku, imbuyekezo yobushushu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ilungisa iimpembelelo ezibangelwa kukuguquguquka koxinano kunye nobushushu, kwaye i-alamu kwangaphambili ngokujonga ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kokuguquguquka koxinano (σ), inika inkxaso yedatha ethembekileyo yolawulo lwenkqubo.
Ulawulo oluValekileyo oluDibeneyo
Izisombululo zeLonnmeter zifezekisa ukwenziwa ngcono kweenkqubo ngokwe-automatic control logic. Imida yoxinano olusetwe kwangaphambili ibangela iindlela zokudibanisa. Umzekelo, yonyusa umlinganiselo we-reflux ngokuzenzekelayo xa uxinano lwe-ethanol distillation luphezulu kakhulu okanye ulungise umthamo wokukhupha xa uxinano luphantsi kakhulu.
Uyilo Lokusebenza Nokuchasana Nokuphazamiseka
Ukujongana nobunzima beemeko zoshishino, izixhobo zeLonnmeter zinezixhobo ezimelana nokugqwala kunye noyilo olungenakuqhuma. Izinto ezifana neHastelloy kunye ne-titanium alloy zimelana ne-media enamandla egqwala njenge-methanol kunye ne-acetic acid, zandisa ubomi bezixhobo ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-8-10—ixesha eliphindwe ka-2-3 kunentsimbi engagqwaliyo yendabuko.
Uyilo lwemijelo yokuhamba kwamanzi oluchasene nokuvaleka lunciphisa umngcipheko wokugcina ulwelo olunamandla aphezulu okuxinana. Iziqinisekiso ezithintela ukuqhuma zilungele iindawo ezinokutsha neziqhumayo, ngelixa uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu (-40 °C ~ 150 °C) lugubungela iimeko eziqatha ukusuka kwi-Arctic ebandayo ukuya kubushushu betropiki, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo.
Isicelo Esiguquguqukayo
Iimitha zoxinano oluphakathi ziyasebenza kuyo yonke imveliso yamafutha, indawo yokugcina, ukuthuthwa, kunye nekhonkco lokusetyenziswa. Kwi-bioethanol distillation, ukujonga ngexesha langempela uxinano oluphezulu lwekholamu kwenza ukuba kunqunyulwe ngokuchanekileyo i-95% ye-ethanol yobumsulwa. Kwi-petrochemical vacuum distillation, ukusika kwe-dynamic fraction ngoxinano kunciphisa ukugqithana ukusuka kwi-15% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-5%, kwandisa isivuno nge-8%. Kwindawo yokugcina amafutha kunye nokuthuthwa kwawo, idatha yoxinano iguqula ukuhamba kwe-volumetric kube kukuhamba kobuninzi, kuthintelwe iimpazamo zokulinganisa ezibangelwa bubushushu kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuhlaliswa korhwebo olufanelekileyo. Kwindawo yokubeka iliso kumafutha eenqwelo moya, izilumkiso zongcoliseko olusebenzayo ngexesha langempela ziqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoxinano.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuBukrelekrele kunye noLawulo lweDatha:
Izixhobo zeLonnmeter zixhasa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IIoT (i-Intanethi yezinto zeShishini), okuvumela ukujonga kude, ukulandelelwa kwedatha, kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili ngokusebenzisa amaqonga efu. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lomgangatho wepetroli lubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokukhuphisana kwimarike.
Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje ukuze ukonwabele izisombululo ezenzelwe wena simahla, apho iqela leengcali liza kuyila izicwangciso zokubeka esweni uxinano olukhethekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zenkqubo yakho kunye neentlobo zepetroli; abafaki-zicelo bokuqala abayi-100 banokufumana neesampuli zasimahla ezilinganiselweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwezixhobo kunye nokusebenza kwazo kuvavanyo lokwenyani.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-06-2025
