Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-304 iqulethe i-18–20% ye-chromium, i-8–10.5% ye-nickel, kunye ne-manganese engaphantsi kwe-2%. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-201 iqulethe i-16–18% ye-chromium, i-3.5–5.5% ye-nickel, kunye ne-manganese ephezulu ye-5–7.5%. I-nitrogen iphezulu kwi-201 (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.25%) xa ithelekiswa ne-304 (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-0.10%). I-nickel ephezulu kwi-304 ivumela ukuxhathisa okukhulu kokugqwala kunye nesakhiwo esizinzileyo se-austenitic. Ukwanda kwe-manganese kunye ne-nitrogen kwi-201 kubuyisela amandla kodwa kunciphisa ukuxhathisa kokugqwala xa kuthelekiswa ne-304.
Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304 vs 201
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| Ibanga | I-Cr (%) | I-Ni (%) | Mn (%) | N (%) | C (%) |
| 304 | 18-20 | 8-10.5 | ≤2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.08 |
| 201 | 16-18 | 3.5-5.5 | 5-7.5 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 |
Impembelelo ye-Alloy Elements kwiPropati zezinto ezibonakalayo
Umxholo ophezulu we-nickel we-304 uqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinileyo, ngakumbi xa kukho i-acid okanye i-chloride exposure, kunye nokuwelda okuphezulu. I-chromium ephezulu yenza umaleko we-oxide ongasebenziyo, ikhusela i-304 kwi-oxidation. Ngo-201, i-manganese kunye ne-nitrogen ziphikisana nokunciphisa kwe-nickel, zinciphisa iindleko kodwa zikwabangela ukumelana nokugqwala okuphakathi kuphela, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezimanzi okanye ezinetyuwa. I-304 ifikelela kumandla okutsalwa ajikeleze i-520 MPa, amandla okuvelisa asondele kwi-215 MPa, kunye nokwandiswa ukuya kwi-50%. I-201 inesivuno esiphezulu (275 MPa), ukutsalwa (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-535 MPa), kodwa ukutsalwa okuphantsi (~45%), okubangela ukuba i-brittle ibe nkulu.
Uthelekiso lweNdlela yokusebenza koomatshini
Isivuno esiphezulu sika-201 kunye namandla okutsalwa avumela iindawo ezixineneyo okanye ezibandayo ukuba ziqine, kodwa ukunwebeka okulinganiselweyo kunciphisa ukwakheka okunzulu; imifantu inokwenzeka ngakumbi kwiindawo ezigobileyo. Isivuno esiphantsi sika-304 kodwa ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kuxhasa ukwakheka okuntsonkothileyo, ukuwelda okulinganayo, kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu ocociweyo.
Ukumelana nokugqwalakunye nokufaneleka kwesicelo
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo i-304 iphumelela kakhulu kune-201 ekumelaneni nokugqwala ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-nickel kunye ne-chromium—8–10.5% Ni kunye ne-18–20% Cr xa kuthelekiswa ne-3.5–5.5% Ni kunye ne-16–18% Cr ngo-201. Kuvavanyo lokutshiza ngetyuwa, i-201 yavelisa umhlwa omdaka kwiiyure ezingama-24, ngelixa i-304 ingakhange ibonise tshintsho lubalulekileyo, nokuba emva kweeyure ezingama-72, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba ifanelekile ukutya, unyango, kunye neendawo zaselwandle. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo i-201 iyamelana nokugqwala kwiimeko eziphantsi komswakama, zangaphakathi kodwa iyasilela ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezine-asidi, ityuwa, okanye ezifumileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo kunye neemfuno Zokusebenza
I-304 ilawula usetyenziso olufuna ukuqina kunye nococeko: izixhobo zasekhitshini zorhwebo, izinki, oomatshini bokutya, kunye nezixhobo zonyango (i-304 iyamelana nokugrumba kwaye igcina ipolishi). I-201 ifumanisa ukuba isetyenziswa kwiimveliso zabathengi, iiphaneli zokuhombisa, izindlu zezixhobo, kunye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi apho iimfuno zoomatshini ziphakathi kwaye ukuvezwa kwezinto ezirhabaxa kuncinci.
Iingozi zokungachongwa kakuhle kwiCandelo loPhuhliso kunye noNikezelo
Ukukhethwa okungachanekanga kwenqanaba lentsimbi engagqwaliyo kukhokelela ekusileleni ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso. Umxholo ophezulu we-nickel kunye ne-chromium kwiBakala 304 uqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka koomatshini. Ukuba i-201 ithathelwa indawo yi-304, ngakumbi ekutyeni, kwezonyango, okanye kwizicelo zaselwandle, kwenzeka umhlwa, ukugqwala, kunye nokuwohloka kwesakhiwo. Amabango ewaranti kunye nezohlwayo zokuthobela imithetho zivela ekutshintsheni, okuchaphazela abavelisi kunye nababoneleli. Iintsimbi zobuxoki nezibhalwe ngendlela engafanelekanga ziqhelekile kwiindlela zokubonelela ezihamba ngokukhawuleza, okudala imfuno engxamisekileyo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-alloy okungonakalisiyo nokuchanekileyo.
Iindlela Eziqhelekileyo Zokuchonga
Ukuchongwa ngesandla kuxhomekeke kwimpendulo yemagnethi kunye novavanyo lwamabala eekhemikhali. Ibanga lama-304, elinomxholo omkhulu we-nickel, lingaphantsi kwe-201. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi obandayo okanye i-residual magnetism yenza le ndlela ingathembeki. Uvavanyo lokuwa kwe-asidi lubonisa ukuba kukho i-chromium, kodwa ukutolikwa kwesiphumo akuhambelani. Zombini ezi ndlela ziyasilela ukwahlula izinto ze-alloy ngobuninzi okanye ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka xa ukwakheka kwe-alloy kusondele okanye iindawo zingcolisiwe.
Isisombululo Esiphambili: I-XRF Material Analyzer yoQinisekiso lweNsimbi Engagqwaliyo
Indlela i-XRF Alloy Analyzer esebenza ngayo
I-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) ikhupha ii-X-rays eziphambili kwisampulu yentsimbi eqinileyo engagqwaliyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto ze-alloy zikhanye kwiindawo ezithile zamandla. I-analyzer ibamba ezi zimpawu kwaye ichonge ngoko nangoko umxholo wezinto ze-alloy eziphambili, kubandakanya i-chromium, i-nickel, i-manganese, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-iron. Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lufuna ngaphantsi kwe3Imizuzwana eyi-0 kwisampulu nganye, ayitshabalalisi kwaphela, kwaye ayitshintshi ulwakhiwo okanye umphezulu wento yovavanyo.
Iimpawu kunye neenzuzo of I-Lonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyser
Uyilo oluphathwayo lwesixhobo olusebenzisa ibhetri luqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwentsimi kunye nesityalo. I-interface yayo yesikrini sokuchukumisa ixhasa ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye neengxelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso neziprintwayo. Uhlalutyo lwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwizinto eziqinileyo, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, okuphezulu. Ukuchaneka kokufunyanwa kweLonnmeter (<±0.2% kwizinto eziphambili) ziphumelela kakhulu kuneendlela zemveli ezifana nokuhlolwa kwemagnethi kunye novavanyo lwamabala, oluhlala luchaza amanqanaba ngendlela engafanelekanga xa amanqanaba e-manganese okanye e-nitrogen ahluka.
Ixabiso Eliphakanyisiweyo kubasebenzisi abaziingcali
Ukuqinisekiswa kwinqanaba leqela kunye nengxelo ekhawulezileyo kunciphisa imijikelo yokuhlolwa ngaphezulu kwama-60%. Ukugcinwa kweerekhodi zedijithali kunye nokulandelela isampuli ekhethekileyo kuphucula ukulandelelwa kophicotho kunye nokuthobela imithetho yabathengisi. Ukuchongwa kwe-alloy rhoqo kuthintela iingxabano zewaranti kunye nokusilela kokusebenza okusezantsi.
Cela iKowuteshini kunye noNgcebiso lweeNgcali
Qhagamshelana ukuze ufumane umboniso olungiselelwe wena kunye novavanyo lobuchwephesha lweLonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyzer.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Izinto ze-alloy zichaphazela njani ukusebenza kwentsimbi engagqwali?
I-nickel ephezulu kwi-304 izinzisa isakhiwo sayo, iphucula ukwakheka, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali ezinamandla. Ngo-201, ukwanda kwe-manganese kunye ne-nitrogen kuthatha indawo ye-nickel kancinci, kwandisa amandla kunye nobunzima kodwa kunciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Umxholo weChromium ongaphezulu kwe-18% unyusa ngakumbi uzinzo lwe-304 ngokuchasene ne-oxidation, okwenza yahluke kwi-201 ukuze isetyenziswe ngokungxamisekileyo.
Zeziphi izicelo ezizuza kakhulu ekuchongweni kwamanqaku ngokuchanekileyo?
Amacandelo okwakha, izixhobo zokutya, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nemveliso afuna ukuqinisekiswa kwamanqaku okuthembekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, ukuphepha amabango ewaranti, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kokugqibela. Ukukhetha amanqaku ngokuchanekileyo kuphucula iindleko zobomi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka kumonakalo okanye ucoceko.
Ixesha leposi: Feb-26-2026
