Ukungachongi kakuhle i-316 njenge-304 stainless steel kuphazamisa ukuxhathisa ukugqwala. Le mpazamo ibeka emngciphekweni izixhobo ezikwiindawo zaselwandle, ze-petrochemical, kunye nezokucubungula ukutya, nto leyo enokubangela ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kunye nokwenzakala. Ukulandeleka kwezinto ngendlela engalunganga kunokubangela ukwaphulwa komthetho kunye nokuhlolwa okungaphumeleli. Ixabiso lokulungisa umxube we-alloy liphakathi kwe-$25,000–$250,000 ngesiganeko ngasinye sokuphinda kusetyenzwe, ixesha lokungasebenzi, kunye namabango ewaranti.
I-alloy ye-304 316 321
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Imingeni ephambili ekuqinisekiseni iintsimbi ezingagqwaliyo ezingama-304, 316, kunye nama-321
I-304, i-316, kunye ne-321 zinombala ofanayo, ukugqitywa komphezulu, kunye neempawu zoomatshini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zingabi nakwahlulwa ngokubonakalayo. Ukutshintshwa kwe-alloy kwi-inventory ye-spectrum alloys kunokuhlala kungabonwa de kubekho iingxaki zokusebenza okanye ukungaphumeleli. Umxholo ophezulu we-molybdenum ye-316 (2–3%) ufuna ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezisisiseko ukuze yahlulwe kwi-304, engenazo ii-Mo. Ii-analyzer ze-Lonnmeter XRF ziqinisekisa ukuba kuphela izixhobo ezineempawu ezichanekileyo—ukumelana nokugqwala okulungelelanisiweyo kwe-316 vs 304 intsimbi engagqwali kunye nomxholo we-titanium ofanelekileyo kwi-321 enobushushu obuphezulu.
Umahluko AuMongIntsimbi Engagqwaliyo engama-304 vs 316 vs 321
IiCore Chemical Compositions kunye nezinto ezahlulayo
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-304 ine-18–20% ye-chromium, i-8–10.5% ye-nickel, i-≤0.08% yekhabhoni, kwaye ayinayo i-molybdenum kunye ne-titanium. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-316 ine-16–18% ye-chromium, i-10–14% ye-nickel, kunye ne-molybdenum ebalulekileyo ye-2–3%, engekhoyo kwezinye ii-alloys eziqhelekileyo. Olu longezo lwe-molybdenum luphucula ngokuthe ngqo ukumelana ne-chloride kunye nokugqwala kweekhemikhali.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-321, ene-17–19% ye-chromium, i-9–12% ye-nickel, kunye nomxholo obalulekileyo we-titanium (ubuncinci be-5xC, ubuninzi be-0.7%), iphucula uzinzo lobushushu obuphezulu. I-Titanium ibophana ne-carbon, ithintela ukugqwala phakathi kwe-granular kunye nokuna kwe-carbide ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu.
Umxholo weNickel uyanda ukusuka kwi-304 ukuya kwi-316 ukuze kubekho ukumelana neekhemikhali okomeleleyo kunye namandla oomatshini. IChromium ihlala isisiseko sokumelana nokugqwala kuzo zontathu iiklasi. ITitanium luphawu olucacileyo lwe-321 kwaye iyahlulwa ngabahlalutyi beXRF.
Izicelo kunye nokusebenza: Xa iBanga ngalinye likhethwa
I-304 stainless steel isebenza njengomgangatho weshishini kubasasazi besinyithi be-spectrum alloys ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo—isetyenziselwa ukucubungula ukutya, izixhobo zasekhitshini, iitanki zokugcina, kunye nezixhobo zokwakha. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwanele kwiindawo ezinoburhalarhume obuncinci.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316 igqwesile kwizixhobo zaselwandle, zeekhemikhali, nezamayeza. Ubukho be-molybdenum eyi-2–3% bubalulekile xa kuchongwa intsimbi engagqwaliyo engcono kwiindawo zaselwandle okanye imigca yenkqubo yemizi-mveliso evezwe kwiikloride, idlula i-304 kwinkonzo yamanzi anetyuwa kunye nezisombululo ze-asidi.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-321 ilawula ukusetyenziswa kobushushu kunye neenqwelo moya, ii-jet exhaust manifolds, kunye nezifudumezi ze-petrochemical, ezinokumelana okukhulu nokukhula kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-900°C. Ukongezwa kwayo kwe-titanium kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka phantsi kokujikeleza kobushushu okuphindaphindiweyo, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuna kwe-carbide emva kokuwelda.
| Ipropati | 304 | 316 | 321 |
| I-Cr (%) | 18–20 | 16–18 | 17–19 |
| I-Ni (%) | 8–10.5 | 10–14 | 9–12 |
| Mo (%) | – | 2–3 | – |
| I-Ti (%) | – | – | 5xC umzuzu, ubuninzi obuyi-0.7 |
| Ukumelana nokugqwala | Kulungile | Igqwesile | Kulungile |
| Ukumelana nobushushu | Iphakathi | Kulungile | Igqwesile |
| Izicelo eziphambili | Ukutya, Izinto eziluncedo | Ulwandle, iikhemikhali | Ubushushu, i-Aerospace |
Indlela ii-XRF Analyzers ezivumela ngayo ukuchongwa kwe-alloy okukhawulezayo nokuthembekileyo
Imigaqo yokusebenza yeILonnmeter Itekhnoloji ye-XRF (X-ray Fluorescence)
Ii-XRF analyzers zikhupha ii-X-rays ezinamandla aphezulu kwiisampuli zentsimbi engagqwaliyo eqinileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ii-athomu zikhuphe ii-electron ze-inner-shell. Izithuba eziphumayo zizaliswa zii-electron ezivela kumanqanaba aphezulu amandla, zikhupha iimpawu ze-X-rays yesibini kwi-element nganye. Ii-detectors zilinganisa ezi zinto zikhutshwayo, zilinganisa uxinano lwezinto ezisisiseko kwii-alloys ze-spectrum ezifana ne-304, 316, kunye ne-321 stainless steel. I-XRF ivumela ukuchongwa okukhawulezileyo, okungenakonakalisa, okubonelela ngokufundwa kwimizuzwana engama-30.
Ixabiso Elikhethekileyo le-XRF ekuhlukaniseni i-304, i-316, kunye ne-321
I-XRF yahlula ngokuchanekileyo amanqanaba angenasici kwi-alloy spectrum. Uthelekiso lwe-316 stainless steel vs 304 stainless steel luxhomekeke ekufumaneni i-molybdenum—i-316 iqulethe i-2–3% Mo, ethi i-XRF iyichonge ngoko nangoko. I-321 grade yahlulwe yi-XRF elinganisa umxholo we-titanium ngaphezulu kwe-0.3%. Ukufunyanwa kobungakanani kuvelisa iziphumo ezinokwenzeka: amaxabiso e-ppm, ukuhlelwa kokupasa/ukungaphumeleli, kunye nokuthelekiswa kwelayibrari ye-alloy.
Isihlalutyi seLonnmeter XRF yokuchongwa kweNtsimbi engagqwaliyo kunye neSpectrum Alloy
Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa
I-Lonnmeter XRF analyzer inika uluhlu lwamandla oluyi-0–50 kV, iteknoloji yeSilicon Drift Detector, kunye nesantya sokulinganisa semizuzwana engama-30. Ukuchaneka kufikelela ku-±0.01% kwizinto ezibalulekileyo, kuphucula ukuchongwa kwe-spectrum alloy. Esi sixhobo sidibanisa ujongano lwesikrini sokuchukumisa, iilayibrari ze-stainless steel grade ezihlanganisiweyo, kunye nothelekiso lwe-spectra lwexesha langempela. Umthamo webhetri uxhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-8 zokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
Ukudibanisa neenjongo zoLawulo loMgangatho kunye neMveliso
I-Lonnmeter idibana neenkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokufanelekileyo izinto ngexesha lokugcina impahla, ukwenziwa kwayo, kunye nokuhlolwa kokugqibela. Ithintela ukuthunyelwa kwe-mixed-alloy, inciphisa iindleko zokuphinda kusetyenzwe kunye nokulibaziseka kwemveliso. Ukuphuma kwedatha kuxhasa uphuculo oluqhubekayo kunye neemfuno zophicotho-zincwadi kunye nomhla ozenzekelayo, indawo, kunye nokulandelela ibhetshi. Iinketho zoxwebhu ziqinisekisa ukulandeleka ngaphakathi kwe-spectrum alloys kubaboneleli bentsimbi engagqwali kunye nabasasazi besinyithi.
Ukucela iKoteshini yeLonnmeter XRF Analyzer
Abathengi bakhetha ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwethala leencwadi kunye nokulungiswa kwenkonzo. Inkxaso ibandakanya uqeqesho, ukugubungela iwaranti, kunye neendlela zokulungisa zokusasazwa kwentsimi.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Ii-FAQ)
Yintoni umahluko ophambili phakathi kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-304 kunye ne-316?
I-316 iqulethe i-2–3% ye-molybdenum, ephakamisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-chloride kunye neekhemikhali ngaphezu kwe-304. I-304 ihlala isengozini yokutsalwa yimingxuma kwiindawo zaselwandle nezinetyuwa. I-316 ikhethwa kakhulu xa ichaphazeleka ngamanzi anetyuwa kunye neekhemikhali ezinobungozi, ngelixa i-304 ixhaphakile xa kusetyenzwa ukutya nakwizixhobo zasekhaya.
Kutheni i-molybdenum ibalulekile kwi-316 stainless steel?
I-Molybdenum inika ukumelana okuphezulu kumanzi anetyuwa, ii-asidi, kunye neekhemikhali zoshishino. Olu longezo luthintela ukubola kwemigodi kunye nemingxunya yendawo, okwenza i-316 ifaneleke kwii-alloys ze-spectrum ezivezwe kwiindawo zaselwandle nakwiikhemikhali.
Ngawaphi amashishini azuza kakhulu kwii-analyzer ze-XRF alloy eziphathekayo?
Amacandelo e-Petrochemical, e-aerospace, e-design, kunye ne-design asebenzisa ii-XRF analyzers ukuze kuthelekiswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye kulandelelwe amanqanaba, kunciphisa umngcipheko kuyo yonke i-stainless steel alloy spectrum.
Ixesha leposi: Feb-26-2026
