Kwimisebenzi yaselwandle, ukugalela ipetroli kwiinqanawa yinkqubo yokuzalisa iinqanawa ngeipetroli yolwandlekwaye imele njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi kokunikezelwa kwepetroli kunye nokusebenza kwenjini.Ukuqina kwepetroliluyintsika engadumiyo yale khonkco. Nakweyiphi naumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweniukugcina okuchanekileyoukuxinana kwepetroliayisiyonkcukacha yobuchwephesha nje kuphela; sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenjini zaselwandle ekukhuseleni izixhobo zenkqubo yepetroli kunye nokuthintela ixesha lokungasebenzi elibizayo.Ipetroli yolwandleIxhomekeke kwi-viscosity echanekileyo yepetroli ukuze ihambe kakuhle kwiipayipi kwaye idibana nezixhobo zenkqubo yepetroli kwaye itshise ngokufanelekileyo kwiinjini eziphambili nakwizincedisi. Ukuphambuka okuncinci kwi-viscosity yepetroli nokuba yi-10-15 cSt ukusuka kuluhlu olufunekayo kunokubangela ukusabela kwemicimbi yechungechunge ukusuka kwii-injectors ezivalekileyo ukuya kumandla enjini ancitshisiweyo okwenza ukuba ukujonga i-viscosity yepetroli ngexesha langempela kube linyathelo elingenakuphikiswana ngalo kwi-bunkering yanamhlanje.
Indlela i-Viscosity engalunganga ephula ngayo iinkqubo zolwandle
Ayichanekangaukuxinana kwepetrolinokuba iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu ihlasela iinkqubo zamafutha olwandle kunye neenjini ezingundoqo, ingxaki nganye ibuyela umva ekuwohlokeni kwamandla olwelo olusisiseko. Masihlalutye impembelelo yobuchwephesha kwizinto eziphambili:
Ukugcinwa Kwempahla Kwindawo Yokuthumela Izinto
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Iimpompo zepetroli
Ezi zinto zixhomekeke kwiukuxinana kwepetroliukudala uxinzelelo olufunekayo lokuhambisa amafutha. Xa i-viscosity yepetroli iphezulu kakhulu (ixhaphake kakhulu xa ingasetyenziswangaipetroli yolwandlengexeshaumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweni) ipompo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukutyhala ulwelo olujiyileyo nto leyo ekhokelela ekungqubaneni okukhulu phakathi kwamalungu angaphakathi afana neegiya kunye neerotor. Olu xinzelelo longezelelweyo lubangela ukuguguleka okukhawulezileyo kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwepompo kwaye ekugqibeleni kunokubangela ukuba ipompo ibanjwe ukubaukuxinana kwepetroliihlala ingaphandle koluhlu olukhuselekileyo. Kwelinye icala iphantsi kakhuluukuxinana kwepetroli(idla ngokubangelwa zizinto ezingcolisiweyo okanye ezingafanelekangaipetroli yolwandle) kunciphisa amandla olwelo okuvala izithuba zepompo okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni koxinzelelo (ukwakheka kwamaqamza omoya awonakalisayo) kunye nokungaphumeleli kwepompo ngaphambi kwexesha.
Izijovi
Ukwenziwa kwe-atomization ngokufanelekileyoipetroli yolwandleUkuguqula ipetroli ibe yingxolo encinci ukuze kutshiswe kakuhle kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwingxolo yepetroli. Ingxolo ephezulu yepetroli ithetha ukuba ipetroli ityebile kakhulu ukuba inganyibilika ngokufanelekileyo; endaweni yengxolo yenza amathontsi amakhulu angatshiyo ngokupheleleyo. La mathontsi angatshanga anamathela eludongeni lwesilinda nto leyo ekhokelela ekubunjweni kwekhabhoni ekrwela ii-cylinder liners kwaye yonakalise amaringi episton ngokuhamba kwexesha.ukuxinana kwepetroliNgokwahlukileyo koko, ibangela ukuba ipetroli ijike ibe ziisuntswana ezincinci kakhulu ezitsha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iindawo ezishushu ezikwigumbi lokutsha zinyibilike. Ezi ndawo zishushu zinokunyibilikisa iincam ze-injector zitshintshe indlela yokutshiza ye-injector kwaye zide zikhokelele ekuweni kwenjini, nto leyo eyonakalisa ukusebenza kwayo kwaye inciphise ubomi be-injector.
Izicoci
Izicoci zepetroli zaselwandle (okanye izihluzi) zisusa amanzi kunye nokungcola kwipetroli ye-bunker yaselwandle kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kuxhomekeke kwi-viscosity yepetroli. I-viscosity ephezulu yepetroli inciphisa ukuhamba kwepetroli kwi-purifier kunciphisa amandla e-centrifugal okwahlula izinto ezingcolisayo; oku kushiya amanzi kunye nodaka kwipetroli oluya kuthi emva koko lujikeleze kwiinjini luze lubangele ukubola. I-viscosity ephantsi yepetroli okwangoku yenza ukuhamba kwepetroli ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwi-purifier oko kuthetha ukuba nokungcola okuncinci akubanjwa— ezi zinto zingcolisayo zisebenza njengezinto ezirhabaxa ezikrwela izinto zenkqubo yepetroli kunye nezihluzi ezivalayo.
Iinjini eziphambili nezincedisayo
Isiphumo esiqokelelweyo sokungachanekangaukuxinana kwepetroliIbetha kakhulu iinjini. Phezuluukuxinana kwepetrolikukhokelela ekutshisweni okungaphelelanga okwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweoyile yepetroli ethile (SFOC) oko kuthetha ukuba injini itsha ngakumbiipetroli yolwandleukuvelisa amandla afanayo kwaye kuvelisa ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-soot kunye ne-nitrogen oxides. Ekuhambeni kwexesha ukutsha okungaphelelanga kukwakhokelela kwiidiphozithi zekhabhoni kwiivalvu nakwii-turbochargers ezinciphisa ucinezelo lwenjini kunye nokukhupha amandla.ukuxinana kwepetroliKwelinye icala kuyayiphazamisa i-lubrication: i-fuel isebenza njenge-lubrication yesibini kwiindawo ze-injini ezifana nee-fuel injectors kunye neeringi ze-piston kwaye i-fuel ene-viscosity ephantsi ayinakwenza ifilimu yokukhusela. Oku kungabikho kwe-lubrication kubangela unxibelelwano lwentsimbi nentsimbi olukhokelela ekugugeni okugqithisileyo kwiindonga zesilinda kunye neeringi ze-piston kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima ukuxhuzula kwe-injini kusilela okukhulu okunokuphazamisa inqanawa phakathi kohambo olubeka ukhuseleko lolwandle kunye nabasebenzi emngciphekweni.
Iindleko Ezifihlakeleyo Zokujongwa Kokuxinana Okubi
Ukusilela kobuchwephesha okubangelwe kukungachanekiukuxinana kwepetrolingexeshaumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweniziguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwilahleko zemali ezibonakalayo kunye nesiphithiphithi sokusebenza. Ezi ndleko zihlala zithathwa njengezingathathelwa ngqalelo ngabaqhubi de bajongane nengxaki. Masilinganise ezi mpembelelo:
Iindleko Zokulungisa Nokutshintsha
Izinto ezonakeleyo ngenxa yeengxaki ze-fuel viscosity zihlala zibiza kakhulu ukuzilungisa okanye ukuzitshintsha. Umzekelo, i-injector enye yenjini enkulu kwinqanawa enkulu yemithwalo ingabiza phakathi kwe-5000 ne-15000 kwaye ukutshintshwa kwepompo yepetroli kungabiza ngaphezulu kwe-85000 kwiindleko zokulungisa zodwa.
Iindleko zoMsebenzi ezinyukileyo ezivela kwi-SFOC ephezulu
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ayichanekangaukuxinana kwepetroliinyusa i-SFOC. Kwinqanawa yeekhonteyina eziphakathi etya iitoni ezingama-50 zeipetroli yolwandlengosuku ukunyuka kwe-10% ye-SFOC (okuqhelekileyo kwi-high-viscosity fuel) kongeza iitoni ezi-5 zokusetyenziswa kwe-fuel eyongezelelweyo imihla ngemihla.
Ixesha Lokungasebenzi
Niniukuxinana kwepetroliUkusilela kwenjini okunxulumene nako kunyanzela inqanawa ukuba iyeke ukusebenza ukuze ilungiswe ixesha elivelayo "lokungaqeshwanga" (amaxesha apho inqanawa ingenakufumana ingeniso) libi kakhulu.
Ukulibaziseka kwezibuko
Nokuba incinci kangakanani naukuxinana kwepetroliiingxaki zingabangela ukulibaziseka ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezifihlakeleyo okanye ukusebenza kwezibuko. Ukuba inqanawaukuxinana kwepetroliingaphandle kwe-spec port abasemagunyeni banokufuna uvavanyo olongezelelweyo (umz. uhlalutyo lwepetroli lomntu wesithathu) olunokuthatha iiyure ezingama-24-48. Oku kulibaziseka kukhokelela ekungafikeni kwindawo yokumisa iinqanawa, iindleko ezongezelelweyo ze-port (umz. iindleko zokunciphisa ixesha lokuhlala ixesha elide) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwishedyuli yenqanawa.
Iziphumo zomthetho nezolawulo: Ukuhlala uthobela imithetho ukuze uphephe izohlwayo
Kwishishini lolwandleukuxinana kwepetroliayisiyongxaki yobuchwephesha nje kuphela; yimfuno yomthetho neyolawulo enemiphumo emibi kakhulu ukuba ayihoywa. Nantsi indlela ukungathobeli imithetho okusebenza ngayo:
Imigangatho yoShishino kunye nokwaphulwa kwezivumelwano
Ipetroli yolwandleumgangatho ulawulwa yi-ISO 8217 umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe ochaza iiparameter eziphambili kuqukaukuxinana kwepetroliYonkeumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweniibotshelelwe kwisivumelwano esifuna ukuba kunikezelweipetroli yolwandleukuhlangabezana ne-ISO 8217 okanye iinkcukacha ezivunyelwene ngazo. Ukuba ipetroliukuxinana kwepetroliiyaphambuka kule migangatho (umz. ukuhambisa i-420 cSt endaweni ye-380 cSt ekhontrakthiweyo) umthengisi uyaphula isivumelwano. Oku kunika umqhubi wenqanawa ilungelo lokufaka ibango lomonakalo kuquka iindleko zokulungisa ilahleko ngaphandle kokuqeshwa kunye neendleko zokutshintshwa kwepetroli.
Iingozi zeLayisensi yokusebenza
Phinda ungathobeliukuxinana kwepetroliimigangatho ingafaka ilayisenisi yokusebenza kwenqanawa emngciphekweni. Imibutho elawulayo ingayimisa okanye iyirhoxise ilayisenisi ukuba inqanawa ihlala isebenzisa izinto ezingacwangciswangaipetroli yolwandlenjengoko oku kubeka iingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwizokhuseleko. Ukulahlekelwa yilayisenisi yokusebenza kuthetha ukuba inqanawa ayinakukwazi ukuhamba ngenqanawa ide ingxaki isonjululwe, imeko embi kakhulu enokukhupha iinkampani ezincinci zokuhambisa inqanawa ngaphandle kweshishini.
Funda Ngakumbi ngeeMetha zoBuxinano
Iimitha zeNkqubo ezingakumbi kwi-Intanethi
I-Viscometer yeOyile yeLonnmeter: Isisombululo sokuJonga ukuxinana kweFuel ngexesha langempela
Ukujongana neengozi zokungachanekiukuxinana kwepetrolingexeshaumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweniiLonnmeter Oil Viscometer ekhethekileyoi-viscometer yolwandleinika ukujonga okuthembekileyo ngexesha langempela okufunekayo ukuze kugcinweipetroli yolwandlengaphakathi kwe-spec. Ngokungafaniyo nesampulu eqhutywa ngesandla (ethatha ixesha elincinci xa usenza iimpazamo kwaye inokubambezeleka) leumlinganiselo we-viscosity emgceniisixhobo senzelwe ukuhlanganiswa ngqo kwiipayipi ze-bunkering. Iitanki okanye iinqanawa zokucubungula zibonelela ngedatha eqhubekayo malungaukuxinana kwepetrolingaphandle kokuphazamisa imisebenzi.
Izakhono eziphambili kunye neenzuzo zoyilo
I-Lonnmeter Oil Viscometer ayipheleli nje kwiipetroli yolwandleinokujonga ixesha langempelaukuxinana kwepetroliiioyile kuquka ioyile ye-lub ioyile ye-oli yemifuno ioyile ekrwada iioyile zedizili ulwelo lokugrumba kunye nolwelo lokusebenza ngesinyithi okwenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esisebenziseka lula kwiindlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa elwandle. Uyilo lwayo oluqinileyo lujongana neemeko ezinzima zemisebenzi yokuloba kunye neyolwandle:
·Ayinakuqhuma kwaye ayinamanzi:Ilinganiswe kwi-Ex dIIBT6 (ingaqhumi) kunye ne-IP68 (ingangeni manzi), iyakwazi ukumelana nemeko-buma enomswakama ophezulu kwiindawo ezihlala iinqanawa, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko weengozi.
·Isivamvo Sokulwa Nokungcolisa:Umphezulu wesenzi uyamelana nokuqokelelana kwenkunkuma okanye izinto ezingcolisayo.ipetroli yolwandleukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kunye nokususa imfuneko yokucoca rhoqo.
·Uluhlu Olubanzi Lokusebenza:Iphatha amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-350℃ kunye noxinzelelo olufikelela kwi-4.0 MPa, nto leyo eyenza ifaneleke kwiimoto ezinzima.ipetroli yolwandle(efuna ukufudunyezwa kwangaphambili) kunye neenkqubo zokubeka izinto ezixineneyo.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa
Zonke iinkcukacha zeLonnmeter Oil Viscometer zilungiselelwe iimfunoumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweni:
·Uluhlu lweViscosity: 1 - 1000000 cP egubungela zonke izinto eziqhelekileyoipetroli yolwandleamabakala (ukusuka kwidizili ukuya kwi-IFO 380 nangaphezulu).
·Ukuchaneka Nokuphindaphindwa: Ukuchaneka kwe-±2% ~ 5% kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwe-±1% ~ 2% kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha yokuqinisekisa umgangatho wepetroli.
·Ukuchaneka kobushushu: Ukuchaneka kobushushu obuyi-1.0% kubangela impembelelo yobushushuukuxinana kwepetroli(into ebalulekileyo xa kufudunyezwaipetroli yolwandle).
·Amandla noNxibelelwano: Isebenza kwi-24 VDC (amandla aqhelekileyo olwandle) kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla angama-24W kwaye isebenzisa unxibelelwano lwe-RS485 ukuze kube lula ukudibanisa neenkqubo zolawulo lweenqanawa.
·Isiphumo: 4 - 20 mADC isignali yeukuxinana kwepetroliukuvumela ukujonga ngexesha langempela kwiphaneli yokulawula yenqanawa.
·Izixhobo kunye noQhagamshelo: Zenziwe nge-316 L yentsimbi engagqwaliyo iTeflon kunye neHastelloy (emelana nokugqwalaipetroli yolwandle) eneflange (umgangatho we-HG20592) kunye noqhagamshelo lwentambo ukuze kube lula ukuyifaka kwiipayipi ezikhoyo.
Umgaqo Wokusebenza
I-Viscometer yeLonnmeter Oilumlinganiselo we-viscosity emgceniItekhnoloji isekelwe kwimigaqo eqinisekisiweyo ye-fluid dynamics eqinisekisa ubulula kunye nokuthembeka. Embindini wayo kukho into yokuva efana nenduku eshukuma kwi-frequency emiselweyo kwaye ijika ngokujika kwi-axis yayo ephakathi. Njengoko into ihambaipetroli yolwandle(okanye ezinye iioyile) ifumana amandla aqinileyo akhula ngeukuxinana kwepetroliOku kutsala kubangela ukuba into ilahlekelwe ngamandla;ukuxinana kwepetroliOkukhona ilahleko yamandla inkulu. Izixhobo ze-elektroniki ze-viscometer ziyayibona le lahleko yamandla ziyiguqula ibe sisignali enokulinganiswa kwaye i-transmitter icwangcisa isignali ibe yi-clearukuxinana kwepetroliixabiso. Le datha yexesha langempela ithunyelwa kwinkqubo yolawulo lwenqanawa evumela abaqhubi ukuba balungise izinto ezifana nobushushu bepetroli (ukulungisaukuxinana kwepetrolingexeshaumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweniukuthintela iingxaki ngenkuthalo endaweni yokusabela kuzo.
Ukuqina kwepetroliUkubeka iliso ngexesha lokuhlala enqanaweni akuyonto nje yobugcisa, kodwa lutyalo-mali olucwangcisiweyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokhuseleko lwenqanawa kunye nenzuzo yayo. I-Lonnmeter Oil Viscometer njengesixhobo esizinikeleyo.i-viscometer yolwandleisombulula le mingeni ngokubonelela ngexesha langempelaumlinganiselo we-viscosity emgceningenxaipetroli yolwandleukuphelisa ukulibaziseka kokuthatha iisampulu ngesandla, ukunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokuvumela ulawulo olusebenzayo ngexeshaumsebenzi wokubeka imingxunya enqanaweni.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhusela imisebenzi yakho yaselwandle kwiingozi zokungasebenzi kakuhleukuxinana kwepetroliSiyakumema ukuba ungenise i-RFQ (Isicelo seNgqikelelo) yeLonnmeter Oil Viscometer. Iqela lethu liza kusebenzisana nawe ukulungisa isisombululo ngokweemfuno ezithile zenqanawa yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza okufunekayo ukugcina imisebenzi yakho isebenza kakuhle.
