Mokhoa oa Mannheim bakeng sa Tlhahiso ea Potassium Sulfate (K2SO4)

Mokhoa oa Mannheim oa Potassium Sulfate (K₂SO₄) Tlhahiso

Mekhoa e Meholo ea Tlhahiso ea Potassium Sulfate

Tsamaiso ea Mannheim is ts'ebetso ea indasteri bakeng sa tlhahiso ea K2SO4,karabelo ea ho bola pakeng tsa 98% ea sulfuric acid le potassium chloride mochesong o phahameng ka hydrochloric acid e hlahisoang ke sehlahisoa se seng. Mehato e tobileng e kenyelletsa ho kopanya potassium chloride le sulfuric acid le ho li arabela mochesong o phahameng ho etsa potassium sulfate le hydrochloric acid.

Ho etsa kristaleskarohanoe hlahisa potassium sulfate ka ho besa khetla ea peo ea alkali joalo ka tung le molora oa semela, ebe e lateloa keho ntsha metsi, ho sefa, ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho arola le ho omisa ka sekontirifatsi ho fumana potassium sulfate.

Karabelo eaPotassium ChlorideleAsiti ea Sulfuric mochesong o itseng ka karolelano e itseng ke mokhoa o mong oa ho fumana sulfate ea potasiamo.Mehato e tobileng e kenyelletsa ho qhibilihisa potassium chloride ka metsing a futhumetseng, ho eketsa sulfuric acid bakeng sa karabelo, ebe e kristale ho 100–140°C, e lateloe ke karohano, ho se be le manyolo, le ho omisa ho hlahisa potassium sulfate.

Melemo ea Mannheim Potassium Sulfate

Mokhoa oa Mennheim ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa tlhahiso ea potassium sulfate linaheng tse ling. Mokhoa o tšepahalang le o rarahaneng o hlahisa potassium sulfate e teteaneng e nang le ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ha metsi. Tharollo ea asiti e fokolang e loketse mobu oa alkaline.

Melao-motheo ea Tlhahiso

Mokhoa oa Karabelo:

1. Asiti ea sulfuric le potassium chloride li lekanngoa ka ho lekana 'me li fepuoa ka ho lekana ka kamoreng ea karabelo ea sebōpi sa Mannheim, moo li arabelang ho hlahisa potassium sulfate le hydrogen chloride.

2. Karabelo e etsahala ka mehato e 'meli:

i. Mohato wa pele ke wa exothermic mme o etsahala mochesong o tlase.

ii. Mohato wa bobedi o kenyeletsa phetoho ya potassium bisulfate ho potassium sulfate, e leng e matla e fetohang endothermic.

Taolo ea Mocheso:

1. Karabelo e lokela ho etsahala mochesong o kaholimo ho 268°C, moo sebaka se setle ka ho fetisisa e leng 500-600°C ho netefatsa katleho ntle le ho bola ho feteletseng ha asiti ea sulfuric.

2. Tlhahisong ea 'nete, mocheso oa karabelo hangata o laoloa pakeng tsa 510-530°C bakeng sa botsitso le katleho.

Tšebeliso ea Mocheso:

1. Karabelo e ba endothermic haholo, e hlokang phepelo e tsitsitseng ya mocheso ho tswa ho ho tjheswa ha kgase ya tlhaho.

2. Hoo e ka bang 44% ea mocheso oa ontong o lahleha ka har'a mabota, 40% e nkoa ke likhase tsa mosi, 'me ke 16% feela e sebelisoang bakeng sa karabelo ea sebele.

Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa tsa Tsamaiso ea Mannheim

Sebōpibophara ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ea bokhoni ba tlhahiso. Lionto tse kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka bophara li na le bophara ba limithara tse 6.Ka nako e ts'oanang, sistimi e tšepahalang ea ho khanna ke tiiso ea karabelo e tsoelang pele le e tsitsitseng.Lisebelisoa tse halefisang li lokela ho mamella mocheso o phahameng, li-acid tse matla, 'me li fane ka phetisetso e ntle ea mocheso. Lisebelisoa tsa mekhoa ea ho hlohlelletsa li lokela ho hanela mocheso, mafome le ho tsofala.

Boleng ba Khase ea Hydrogen Chloride:

1. Ho boloka vacuum e nyane ka phapusing ea karabelo ho netefatsa hore moea le likhase tsa flue ha li qhibilihise hydrogen chloride.

2. Ho tiisa le ho sebetsa hantle ho ka fihlella mahloriso a HCl a 50% kapa ho feta.

Litlhaloso tsa Lisebelisoa tse Tala:

1.Potassium Chloride:E tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tse itseng tsa mongobo, boholo ba likaroloana, le tekanyo ea potassium oxide bakeng sa katleho e ntle ea karabelo.

2.Asiti ea Sulfuriki:E hloka mahloriso a 99% bakeng sa bohloeki le karabelo e tsitsitseng.

Taolo ea Mocheso:

1.Kamore ea Karabelo (510-530°C):E netefatsa karabelo e felletseng.

2.Kamore ea ho Chesa:E leka-lekanya khase ea tlhaho bakeng sa ho chesa ka katleho.

3.Mocheso oa Khase ea Mohatla:E laoloa ho thibela ho thijoa ha mosi le ho netefatsa ho monngoa ha khase ka katleho.

Tsamaiso ea Ts'ebetso

• Karabelo:Potassium chloride le sulfuric acid li fepuoa ka ho tsoelang pele ka kamoreng ea karabelo. Potassium sulfate e hlahisoang e ntšoa, ea pholisoa, ea hlahlojoa, 'me ea hloekisoa ka calcium oxide pele e pakoa.
• Tsamaiso ea Lihlahisoa tse Ikhethileng:
  • Khase ea hydrogen chloride e mocheso o phahameng e pholisoa le ho hloekisoa ka letoto la li-scrubbers le litora tsa ho monya ho hlahisa hydrochloric acid ea boemo ba indasteri (31-37% HCl).
  • Mesi e tswang mohatleng e phekolwa ho fihlela maemo a tikoloho.

Liphephetso le Lintlafatso

1. Tahlehelo ea Mocheso:Mocheso o moholo o lahleha ka lebaka la likhase tsa mosi le mabota a onto, e leng se totobatsang tlhoko ea litsamaiso tse ntlafetseng tsa ho khutlisa mocheso.
2. Tšilafalo ea Lisebelisoa:Mokhoa ona o sebetsa tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le maemo a asiti, e leng se lebisang mathateng a ho tsofala le tlhokomelo.
3. Tšebeliso ea Sehlahisoa se Ikhethang sa Hydrochloric Acid:Mmaraka oa asiti ea hydrochloric o ka tlala, e leng se hlokang lipatlisiso mabapi le tšebeliso kapa mekhoa e meng ea ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea sehlahisoa se setseng.

Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea Mannheim potassium sulfate e kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli ea likhase tse silafetseng tse hlahisoang ke khase: khase e tukang e tsoang khase ea tlhaho le khase ea hydrogen chloride e tsoang ho eona.

Mosi o Chesang:

Hangata mocheso oa mosi o tukang o ka ba 450°C. Mocheso ona o fetisoa ka sesebelisoa sa ho foka pele o ntšoa. Leha ho le joalo, esita le ka mor'a phapanyetsano ea mocheso, mocheso oa khase ea mosi o lula o le ho hoo e ka bang 160°C, 'me mocheso ona o setseng o lokolloa sepakapakeng.

Khase ea Hydrogen Chloride e Sehlahisoang:

Khase ea hydrogen chloride e hlatsuoa ka har'a tora ea ho hlatsoa ea sulfuric acid, e monngoa ka har'a sesebelisoa sa ho monya filimi se oelang, 'me e hloekisoa ka har'a tora ea ho hloekisa khase ea mosi pele e ntšetsoa ka ntle. Ts'ebetso ena e hlahisa 31% ea hydrochloric acid, moo e phahamengho tsepamisa mohopolo ho ka lebisa ho ntšeng mosi o kotsiha e fihle homaemo le ho baka ketsahalo ea "ho hula mohatla" ka har'a mosi.Ka hona, ka nako ea sebeleasiti ea hydrochloric tekanyo ea mahloriso e fetoha ea bohlokoa tlhahisong.

Mehato e latelang e ka nkuoa bakeng sa litlamorao tse betere:

Fokotsa Khatello ea Asiti: Fokotsa khatello ea asiti nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho monyalemithara ea ho ba le tekanyo e ka hare bakeng sa tlhokomelo e nepahetseng.

Eketsa Bongata ba Metsi a Potolohang: Ntlafatsa phallo ea metsi ka har'a sesebelisoa sa ho monya filimi e oelang ho ntlafatsa katleho ea ho monya.

Fokotsa Moroalo Tora ea ho Hloekisa Khase ea Mosi: Ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ho fokotsa moroalo tsamaisong ea tlhoekiso.

Ka diphetoho tsena le tshebetso e nepahetseng ha nako e ntse e ya, ketsahalo ya ho hula mohatla e ka fediswa, ho netefatsa hore mesi e tswang moyeng e fihlella maemo a hlokahalang.