Chii chinonzi Fuel Oil Viscosity?
Kusimba, kunotsanangurwa zvakanyanya sekukakavadzana kwemukati mukati meoiri kunoramba kuyerera, kunomiririra hunhu humwe chete hwakakosha hunodzora kubata, kurapwa, uye kushanda kwemafuta emafuta. Kuti udzore maitiro uye uve nechokwadi chemhando, kusimba hakugone kutorwa sepoindi yedata yekuongorora; ipfungwa yekutanga inosarudza dziviriro yezvikamu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.
Kugadzirwa kweOiri yeMafuta uye Hunhu Hwayo: Kwakagadzika Kusviba Kwemafuta
Hunhu hwemafuta emafuta hunonyatsotsanangurwa mukati mechimiro chemuchina wekuchenesesa. Kugadzirwa kunotanga nekudiridza kusina kuchena, uko kupatsanurwa kunoitika zvichibva pakufashaira. Mafuta Emafuta Anorema (HFO) nemafuta akasara, ndiwo zvidimbu zvepasi zvemuitiro uyu, zvinotsanangurwa nekuwanda kwazvo uye kusimba kwakawanda mukati. Mabasa anotevera, akadai sekushandura maitiro, anochinjazve maumbirwo emamorekuru, izvo zvinotsanangura musiyano mukuru mukusimba kunoratidzwa nezvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira zvasara.
Kusanganisa Nemazvo: Unyanzvi neSainzi Yekuzadzisa Chinangwa Chacho
Zvichienderana nekuti viscosity yezvinobuda zvisina kugadzirwa inowanzo kuve yakakwira zvakanyanya kuti igone kugamuchirwa nemusika nekukasika, kusanganisa kunoshanda senzira huru yekuwana magiredhi ekunakirwa ekunakirwa. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuisa masheya ekucheka akareruka, akadai semarine diesel, gasoil, kana light cycle oil (LC(G)O). Kubudirira kwekushanda kwekusanganisa kunoenderana nekugadzirisa chiyero cheHFO kune stock yekucheka zvichienderana nehunhu hunochinja-chinja hwezvikafu zvemukati uye tembiricha yazvo.
Dambudziko guru rekushanda rinobva pakuvimba neongororo yerabhoritari yakanonoka kuti ionekwe kuti chiyero chekusanganisa chinodiwa kuti chisvikekinematic viscosity yemafuta emafutazvinangwa. Sezvo miganhu chaiyo ye viscosity ichiwanikwa kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kwakaverengerwa, chiyero chisina kururama—chinokonzerwa nekunonoka kwemhinduro kana zvikanganiso zvesampuro—chinotakura njodzi huru yekukundikana kwekunyungudika. Kana solvency ikakundikana, asphaltenes dzakagadzikana zvakanyanya dzinotanga, zvichikonzera matope uye kusagadzikana kukuru. Iyi nzira yekukundikana inogona kudhura zvakanyanya uye inokuvadza pane kungopotsa specification ye viscosity zvishoma. Kushandisa advanced advancedchiyereso chekuyeresa viscosity yemafutaMu "blending manifold" inopa chiratidzo chekupindura pakarepo chinodiwa kugadzirisa flow metres munguva chaiyo, nokudaro ichiva nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chagara chakagadzikana uye kuti kunaka kwechinhu hakuchashandiswi.
Kunze kwekusanganisa, viscosity inogonawo kugadziriswa kuburikidza nekudzora tembiricha. Kupisa mafuta anorema ndiyo nzira huru yekuderedza viscosity yayo kusvika painopombwa uye kuisirwa atomu. Zvisinei, tembiricha inomiririra viscosity isina kunanga. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwezvimiro zve feedstock, kuvimba chete ne static temperature set-points hakuna kukwana kuvimbisa viscosity inogara iripo. Uyezve, zvimwe zvemakemikari kana mishonga yemakanika senge homogenization zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa rheological properties uye kuvandudza kugadzikana uye kugadzikana kwemafuta anorema.
Zvakakosha kubvuma kuti mafuta akasara ane simba guru pamidziyo yekupomba nemapaipi panguva yekuchenesa nekutamisa zvinhu. Kana viscosity ikakwira zvisingatarisirwi—zvichida nekuda kwekuderera kwekupisa kana kuchinja kwezvikafu—kuwedzera kwemutoro kunotyisidzira kusimba kwemidziyo yemari, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekusakara kwepombi, kutadza kushanda zvakanaka, kana kuvharika kwemitsara mikuru. ROI ine chekuita nekuisa pamhepochiyereso chekuyeresa viscosity yemafutaInodarika kudzora kunaka kwechigadzirwa; inoshanda sechikamu chakakosha chekudzivirira midziyo yemakanika iri mumutsara wekugadzira, ichideredza zvikuru mukana wekuti nguva yekushanda isina kurongwa ishande.
Maitiro eViscosity Anotungamira Zvakanangana Nekushanda
Kugadzira Atomization uye Kushanda Nekupisa
Basa rekupedzisira uye rinokosha rekutonga viscosity ndiro simba rayo rakananga pakuita kuti mafuta abve. Kugadzira atomization yakakwana—maitiro ekushandura mafuta akawanda kuita mhute yakafanana yemadonhwe—inodiwa kuti pave nekutsva nekukurumidza uye kwakakwana.
Rinikuyerwa kwekusimba kwemafuta emafutazvinoratidza kuti mafuta akawandisa (akakora zvakanyanya), mafuta anoramba kuyerera uye anotadza kupwanyika zvakanaka mukati memuromo. Izvi zvinogara zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwemadonhwe makuru uye kutsva kusina kushanda zvakanaka, kusina kukwana. Mugumisiro wacho unongobva wapera simba, kuumbwa kwesoti yakawandisa, uye kubikwa, izvo zvinokanganisa kupisa uye zvikamu zvekupisa. Zvidzidzo zvinosimbisa kuti mafuta akakora anopinda mumuromo anoderedza kumhanya kwekutenderera, zvichikonzera koni yakakura yeukobvu hwemadziro iyo inowedzera mwero wekuyerera (mafuta anotambisa) uye inogadzira madonhwe makuru anonetsekana nekupwanyika uye kupisa.
Kusiyana neizvi, kana viscosity yakaderera zvakanyanya (yakatetepa), nepo kuyerera kuri nyore, matambudziko maviri makuru anomuka. Chekutanga, viscosity yakaderera zvikuru inogona kukanganisa hydrodynamic lubrication film inodzivirira zvikamu zvefuel system zvakaita semapombi nema injectors, zvichikurumidzisa kupera uye zvichikonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka. Chechipiri, kusagadzikana kwekupisa kunogona kukonzerwa ne over-atomization kana non-uniform ignition, zvichikonzera kuchinja-chinja kwesimba reinjini.
Kusviba kweOiri Kunokanganisa Kushandiswa kweMafuta Here?
Mubvunzo,Ko kusviba kwemafuta kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwemafuta here?, inogona kupindurwa zvisina mubvunzo: hongu, zvakadzama, kuburikidza nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana asi dzakabatana: kuderedza kukweshana kwemakemikari ane parasitic uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa.
Mafuta ekutsvuka akaderera anotenderera uye anoyerera zviri nyore, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kwemuchina kunodiwa kuti mvura ipfuure nemusisitimu. Kudzikira uku kwekuda kwesimba rezvipembenene kunoshandura zvakananga mukuvandudza kwemafuta kunoyerwa. Kune zvikepe zvinoshandisa mafuta akagadziridzwa, kuchinja kune mafuta enjini ane simba shoma (HDEO) kwakaratidzwa kuti kunopa kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwemafuta pakati pe0.9% ne2.2% pagore. Chinangwa ndechekuwana kuenzana kwakakodzera nguva dzose: mafuta anofanira kunge akatetepa zvakakwana kuderedza kuramba uye kubvumira simba reinjini risingashandise mafuta zvakanyanya, asi akatetepa zvakakwana kuchengetedza firimu remvura rinodzivirira (muganhu wechikamu) pakati pezvikamu zvakakosha zvinofamba. Kusarudza mafuta akatetepa zvakanyanya kunorasikirwa nekugara kwenguva refu kweinjini nekudzivirira, chibvumirano chinoonekwa sechisingagamuchirwi tichifunga nezvemutengo wakakwira wekupfeka kweinjini uye kudzikiswa kwehupenyu hwezvikamu.
Basa reViscosity muKudzora Kubuda Kwemhepo uye Hutano hweInjini
Kunyungudika kwakagadziriswa kwakakosha pakuita kuti pave nekushanda kwakachena uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kunokuvadza. Kunyungudika kwakavandudzwa kwekupfapfaidza pakudzikira kwakaderera kana kuti kugadzikana kwemiganhu pakudzikira kwakakwirira kunowedzera musanganiswa wemafuta nemhepo, izvo zvinoderedza kusvibiswa kwehydrocarbon (HC) isina kupiswa. Uyezve, kudzora kunyungudika kwakakosha pakuderedza kuumbwa kweNitrogen Oxide (NOx), sezvo kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekudzikudika kunogona kukonzera zvakananga kuburitswa kwezvinosvibisa.
Pamafuta ane mvura yakawanda (akadai semazut kana kuti HFO ine viscosity yakakura), kudziyisa inhanho inokosha yekuderedza viscosity uye kuvandudza kufamba kwemvura usati wapisa. Nzira chaiyo yekuisa atomization inoshandiswa—kubva pazvinotsva zvine pressure-jet zvemafuta ane viscosity yakaderera kusvika kune zvinotsva zvine steam-assisted kana rotary cup zvemafuta ane viscosity yakawanda (>100 cSt)—inotsanangurwa nekuyera viscosity yemafuta.
Kugona kwevanotsva kuti vashande zvakanaka kunoenderana nekugamuchira mafuta mukati mebhandi rakamanikana re viscosity. Sezvo feedstocks dzichichinja-chinja nekuda kwekusanganiswa uye kuiswa kwemarudzi matsva emafuta emugungwa, kuvimba ne static pre-heater temperature setpoints kunova chinhu chinoramba chichikonzera kusashanda zvakanaka. Dambudziko nderekuti tembiricha inodiwa kuti uwane atomization viscosity inodiwa (semuenzaniso, 10–20 cSt) inochinja zvakanyanya zvichienderana nehunhu hwebase batch yemafuta. Kana mushandi achivimba ne old setpoint ye batch itsva, variable, viscosity inounzwa ku nozzle ichave isina kunaka, ichivimbisa kupisa kusina kukwana, kuwedzera kwe emissions, uye mari yakawanda yekushanda. Yakananga, inoenderera mberikuyerwa kwekusimba kwemafuta emafutainobvisa kushaya simba uku kuri mauri.
Uyezve, kugadzirisa viscosity nemazvo kunoderedza simba rekubatsira rinodiwa kuti mafuta apfuure nemusisitimu. Kana viscosity ikabvumidzwa kuchinja-chinja zvakanyanya, mutoro wemagetsi kana wemhepo pamapombi ekufambisa uye masisitimu ekupisa unokwira. Nekuchengetedza viscosity yakakwana munguva chaiyo kuburikidza ne automatic control loop, sisitimu inoderedza kumanikidzwa kwemuchina pamapombi uye inoderedza simba rinoshandiswa nemasisitimu ekupisa mafuta ekufambisa, zvichipa ROI yakakosha uye inoverengerwa kupfuura kungovandudza kupisa.
Tafura: Migumisiro Yekushanda Kwekutsauka Kwekusimba
| Mamiriro ekusviba | Mhedzisiro Pakuyerera/Kupomba | Mhedzisiro Pakutsva/Kupisa | Kukanganisa Kushanda Nezvinhu Zvine Chekuita |
| Yakanyanya Kukwirira (Kobvu) | Simba rekupomba rakawedzera, kumhanya kwekutenderera kwema nozzles kwakadzikira. Njodzi yekuvharika kwemapaipi. | Kusashanda zvakanaka kweatomu, madonhwe makuru zvichikonzera kutsva kusina kukwana. | Mafuta anorasika, soot/coking yakawedzera, HC/NOx yakawandisa. Zvinoda kudziyisa zvakanyanya. |
| Zvakanyanya Kuderera (Zvitete) | Kusapatsanurwa kwemiganhu isina kukwana, simba diki remafirimu mumapombi. | Njodzi yekupisa zvakanyanya kana murazvo usingagadzikane, kurasikirwa nekufanana kwemoto. | Kukurumidza kupera uye kutadza kushanda kwezvikamu zvakakosha zvemafuta (mapombi, majekiseni). Dziviriro yakaderera kubva mukukweshana kwemagetsi. |
Real TimeKudzora Kusviba kweMafuta eMafuta
Kusasimba Kwechisikigo Kwekuongororwa KweLabhoritari Kusingachinji
Kuvimba nekutarisa kwechinyakare, nguva nenguva murabhoritari kana kutora sampuro pamwedzi kunounza nguva yekunonoka pakati pechinhu chisina kujairika uye kugadzirisa. Mumaitiro anochinja-chinja, kungave mukubatanidza refinery kana masisitimu einjini anomhanya zvakanyanya, mhando yemafuta inogona kuchinja ipapo ipapo nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita se oxidation, dilution ne process gas, kana kusvibiswa. Mukushandiswa kwakakosha, senge gas screw compressors, kudzikira nekukurumidza kwe lube oil viscosity kunogona kutungamira kukundikana kwemabheyaringi, nguva refu mushumo werabhoritari usati wagamuchirwa uchisimbisa dambudziko racho. Maitiro aripo ekuyedza labhoritari kunze kwenzvimbo haana kunaka uye anodhura zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zve logistics uye kunonoka kwenguva isingagamuchirwi mukugamuchira ruzivo runogona kuitwa.
Kuchinja Kutarisa Kunoita Zvekuita Kutungamira Kunoshanda
Mhinduro iri pakushandisa nzira yekudzora yakavharika, uko chiratidzo chekupindura chinoshandiswa nguva dzose kuchengetedza mamiriro anodiwa, zvichiita kutisisitimu yekudzora viscosity yemafuta emafutakuzvidzora zvizere.
Kushandiswa kwakakosha kwetekinoroji iyi kunoita kuti viscosity yakayerwa itungamirire zvakananga tembiricha inodiwa ye pre-heater, zvichichinja zvakanyanya magadzirirwo ekudzora. Nzira iyi inobvisa kuvimba kwekare netembiricha sechinhu chisina kunanga che viscosity, pachinzvimbo chekupa nguva dzose, otomatiki.kuyerwa kwekusimba kwemafuta emafutapanguva yekushandisa (semuenzaniso, muromo weburner). Izvi zvinobvisa kuchinja-chinja kwe viscosity kunoitika kana uchichinja pakati pemitoro yakasiyana yemafuta kana mabhechi.
Mabhenefiti ekushandisa nguva nenguva, kutarisa nguva nenguva akakosha: mhinduro dzinobva ipapo ipapo dzinobvumira kugadzirisa maitiro nguva dzose, zvichisimudzira kuenderana kwechigadzirwa ukuwo zvichideredza kugadzirwa kwemarara asina kutsanangurwa. Uyezve, otomatiki inobvisa kutarisa nguva dzose uye kunonetesa kunodiwa nevashandi vane hunyanzvi uye inovandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwesimba remuchina wekudziyisa mafuta nekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya.
Kuti ruzivo rwepanguva chaiyo rushande zvakanaka mukati meindasitiri inotongwa, kunyanya maererano nekuendeswa kwevana kana kutevedzera mitemo yegungwa, onlinechiyereso chekuyeresa viscosity yemafutainofanira kunge iine chokwadi chinosimbiswa. Nekuti zvirevo zvekutengeserana zvinowanzoda kushumakinematic viscosity yemafuta emafutaPatembiricha yakajairwa (semuenzaniso, 50°C), sisitimu yeclosed-loop haifanire kungopa data rekukurumidza re viscosity asiwo kubatanidza kuyerwa kwe density kuti iverenge otomatiki uye inyore kukosha kwe kinematic kunodiwa, nokudaro ichichengetedza nzira yakasimba uye inosimbiswa yekuongorora kuti ionekwe zvakanaka.
Zvakakosha kuti vatariri vemafekitori vanzwisise kuti kushandisa zvinobudirirasisitimu yekudzora viscosity yemafuta emafutazvinoda nzira yeinjiniya yakakwana, kwete kungoisa sensor chete. Kuvimbika kwekuyera kunoenderana nemhando yesampuli yakagamuchirwa ne sensor. Matambudziko anowanzoitika mumaindasitiri - akadai semitsetse yakareba kwazvo yekufambisa sampuli, kusakwana kwekuyerera, kusiyana kwekumanikidzwa, kana deadlegs dzisina kufanira - zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya chiyero. Kubudirira kwesystem yeclosed-loop kunoenderana nekugadzirisa ma fluidic ne thermal parameters akakomberedzachiyereso chekuyeresa viscosity yemafutakuvimbisa kuendeswa kwemuenzaniso unomiririra.
Dzidza NezveMamwe Mamita Ehuremu
Mamwe Mamita Emaitiro Epamhepo
Kubatsira kweLonnmeter: Chishandiso Chekuyera Mafuta Akasimba Pakupenya Kwemitsara Yakakosha
Nzvimbo yakaoma yekugadzira mafuta emafuta—inosanganisira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha yakakwira, uye matambudziko ekubata mafuta anorema anokwesha uye anosvibisa—inodachiyereso chekuyeresa viscosity yemafutaYakavakwa kuti igare kwenguva refu uye ive neunyanzvi. Lonnmeter Viscometer, yakagadzirwa ichishandisa tekinoroji yepamusoro ye vibrating rod kana acoustic wave (AW), inopa kuvimbika kunodiwa mumatanho aya akakosha ekuita zvinhu.
Kubudirira Kwehunyanzvi: Nzira Yekuyera yeLonnmeter
Simba guru reLonnmeter riri mukugadzirwa kwayo kwakasimba, kwakasimba, uko kunowanzo shandisa tsvimbo inodedera nemagetsi. Nzira iyi isiri yemakanika inobvisa kusasimba kuripo kwemaviscometer emakanika echinyakare, zvichiita kuti pave nekusagadziriswa kwakawanda uye kupa simba rekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwakanyanya uye kusvibiswa kunowanzoitika muHFO service.
Tekinoroji yeLonnmeter yakagadzirirwa kunyudzwa zvizere uye inopa chiyero chakavimbika, chakanyatsojeka kunyangwe paine zvinorema zvekushanda, zvinosanganisira kumanikidzwa kusvika ku10,000 psi (700 bar) uye tembiricha inosvika 180 °C. Chinhu chakakosha pakushanda kwemuchina uyu ndechekusimba kwemuchina uyu pakurwisa kukanganiswa kwemutsetse: sensor yayo ine simba guru inoyera viscosity asi isingakanganiswi nekudengenyeka kukuru uye kushanduka kwehuwandu hwemvura kunowanzoitika mumafekitori ekuchenesa kana makamuri einjini dzemugungwa. Kubatana uku kwesimba uye kunyatsojeka kunogonesa kuteverwa kwekuchinja kudiki mukuyerwa kwekusimba kwemafuta emafutaine data remhando yepamusoro, inopa kururama kwakanyanya (semuenzaniso, 3% RM) uye kugona kudzokorora kwakanaka (semuenzaniso, ).
Kubatanidzwa uye Kuvimbika: Kuderedza Kukanganiswa Kwebasa
MaLonnmeter viscometer anopa ruzivo rwepakarepo, zvichigonesa mhinduro chaiyo-nguva yakakosha pakudzora maitiro nguva dzose mukubatanidza, kupisa, uye kutarisa mamiriro emidziyo. Kubatana kwavo kwakajairika kweplug-and-play kunoita kuti zvive nyore kubatanidzwa neIndustrial Control Systems (ICS) iripo kuburikidza nedhijitari kana analog (4-20mA) outputs, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa kuri nyore uye kusingadhuri kumaheaters ekufambisa mafuta aripo uye masisitimu ekubatanidza.
Kupfuura kutarisa mhando yemafuta, tekinoroji iyi yakakosha pakudzivirira zvinhu zvemukati. Masisitimu eLonnmeter anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakutarisa hutano hwemafuta mumidziyo yakakosha, senge macompressor egasi, uko kudzikira kwesimba nekukurumidza kunokonzerwa nekudonha kwegasi kana oxidation kunogona kukanganisa pakarepo mabheringi anotenderera kana kupwanya. Kutarisa nguva dzose, kuri online kunoshanda senzira yekunyevera pakutanga, kudzivirira kutadza kudhura zvakanyanya uye nguva yekushanda kwemuchina.
Tafura: Lonnmeter (Tekinoroji yeRodhi Inodedera) Magadzirirwo eViscometer yePamhepo
| Chinhu/Chiyero | Standard Yakajairika Yekushanda | Kubatsira Kwekushanda Kwekutarisira Mafuta Emafuta |
| Rudzi rwekuyera | Kusimba kweDynamic Viscosity (Pa·s kana cP) | Inopa chiyero chakananga chekudzivirira kwemvura kunodiwa kuti isanganiswe nemazvo uye itongwe nekupisa. |
| Tembiricha yekushanda | Kusvika 180 °C | Kuyerwa kusingadzoreki pasi pekucheneswa kwakanyanya kana mamiriro ekupisa anopisa asati apiswa zvakanyanya. |
| Kumanikidzwa Kwekushanda | Kusvika ku10,000 psi (700 bar) | Inobvumira kuiswa zvakananga mumitsetse ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya pasina kugadziriswa, zvichideredza kuoma kwesystem. |
| Kusimba & Dhizaini | Hapana Zvikamu Zvinofamba, Sensor Yesimba Rakanyanya (semuenzaniso, 316L Stainless Steel) | Kusanyanya kugadziriswa, kusakanganiswa nekusvibiswa kwemuviri, kudedera, uye kuyerera kwemvura. |
| Kudzokorora | Yakanaka kwazvo (semuenzaniso,) | Inopa mazano akavimbika anodiwa kuti masisitimu anozvidzora ega. |
| Kubuda/Kubatana | 4-20mA / Dhijitari / Yese Plug-and-Play | Kubatanidzwa kwakasununguka mune zviriposisitimu yekudzora viscosity yemafuta emafutazvivakwa. |
KUMBIRA KUBVUNZIRWA: Gadzirisa maitiro ako ekusanganisa nhasi.
