Kuyerwa kweShuga muKugadzirwa kweYogurt
Kunzwisisa kwakasiyana-siyana kwemutsetse wekugadzira yogatiZvakakosha pakuona nzvimbo dzinonyanya kukosha pakuyera nemazvo. Maitiro aya inyaya inonetsa yekushanduka kwemuviri uye maitiro ehupenyu, uko kusiyana kudiki pane chero nhanho kunogona kupararira mukusawirirana kukuru kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Ongororo iyi inoparadzanisa iyi ketani yakaoma yemutengo kuti iratidze chinangwa chaicho nenguva yakakosha yekuyerwa kwehuwandu hweshugapadanho rega rega.
The ModernYogurt ProductionPrmakomos
Kusanganisa & Kugadzirisa Chinhu Chekutanga
Iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga apo mukaka usina kubikwa, hupfu hwemukaka, uye zvinotapira zvemvura zvinosanganiswa kuti zvisvike pazvinangwa zvemusanganiswa chaiwo. Hunhu hwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira hunoenderana nekugadzirwa kwekutanga uku. Chinangwa chikuru pano ndechekugadzira nzvimbo chaiyo uye yakagadzikana yekutanga kwechikamu chose chekugadzira, kuve nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hweshuga dzese dzinoviriswa, kusanganisira lactose uye chero zvinotapira zvakawedzerwa, zvinodzorwa nemazvo. Ichi chinhu chinodiwa kuti maitiro ekupedzisira afanotaurwa uye kuti pave nekuenderana kwebatch-to-batch. Zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zveyogati zvinoda mwero wepamusoro, senge zvinwiwa zvine mukaka zvisingaderedzi 11.2%. Hunhu hweshuga inhamba yehunhu hwepfungwa muzvinwiwa zvemukaka, zvinowanzo kuyerwa sechikamu chezvinwiwa zvinonyungudika (°Brix).
Kunyatsojeka kwekuyera kwekutanga uku kune mhedzisiro yekuputika mukati memaitiro ese. Chikanganiso chidiki mukuwanda kweshuga yekutanga chinogona kutungamira kune shanduko huru uye dzisingatarisirwi mukinetics yekuvirisa. Basa remetabolism yeStreptococcus thermophilusuyeLactobacillus bulgaricusKukura kwezvirimwa kunokonzerwa nekuwanikwa kweshuga yavo, izvo zvinokanganisa mwero wekuderera kwepH uye kuravira kwekupedzisira, kunhuhwirira, uye kugadzikana kweyogati. Kururama kwekutanga hakusi kungozadzisa zvinodiwa chete; asi kunoreva kutanga maitiro ehupenyu anofungidzirwa, ayo ari iwo musimboti wekudzora kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvakaviriswa.
Kurapa Kwekutanga Kwekuvirisa (Homogenization & Pasteurization)
Mushure mekugadziriswa, hwaro hwemukaka hunogadziriswa kuti mafuta asapararire uye hunoiswa mumapuroteni asina kunaka uye hunobvisa mabhakitiriya asingadiwi. Kuyerwa padanho iri kunoshanda sekusimbisa kwekupedzisira kwehuwandu hwehwaro hwemukaka usati waiswa majekiseni ekutanga. Mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa anoda sensor yakasimba uye inodzivirira kupisa, kumanikidzwa, uye huwandu hwemhepo.
Kugona kusimba chinhu chisingakurukurwi chinoyerwa nesensa panguva ino. Masensa echinyakare ekuona kana gravimetric angakundikana mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya. MaRefractometer anogona kukanganiswa nekuchinja-chinja kwekushisa uye kusviba kwakanyanya kwemukaka wakasanganiswa.sensor ye ultrasonic, zvisinei, inogona kubata tembiricha idzi (kusvika200°C) uye haibatanidzwi neruvara, kupenya, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwefuro hunoratidza hwaro hweyogati. Uku hakusi kuvandudzwa kunowedzera; kugona kukuru kunoita kuti kuyerwa kwemukati kukwanisike panguva ino yakakosha.
Kunhuhwirira & Kuvira Mushure mekuvirisa
Mushure mekuvirisa, yogati inotonhodzwa kuti imise kugadzirwa kweasidhi. Apa ndipo panowanikwa manakiro, michero, uye zvinotapira pahwaro hwacho hwava kukobvu. Apa ndipo panonyanya kukosha.kuyerwa kwehuwandu hweshuga, iyo yakabatana zvakananga nepfungwa yekupedzisira. Chinangwa chekuyera ndechekuona kuti chigadzirwa chapedzwa chinosangana nekuravira, zvinodiwa pakudya, uye zvinodiwa pakunakirwa. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kweshuga chinhu chakakosha pakuona kuravira kwekupedzisira, kunhuhwirira, ruvara, uye ukobvu hweyogati. Imwe ongororo yakaona kuti kuwedzera huwandu hweshuga kunoderedza kuravira kwekuvava uye kwakakanganisa kuravira nekunhuhwirira kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.
Kuyera padanho rino kunogona kuva chishandiso chekuvaka zita rekambani. Kuwanda kweshuga hakungori nhamba chete papepa rekusarudza; asi chinhu chakakosha chinotarisana nevatengi. Muindasitiri umo vatengi vari kunyanya kunetseka nezvehuwandu hweshuga, kutonga kwakarurama kusiyanisa makwikwi. Nekusvika padanho rekutapira kwakananga, mugadziri anogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zita rake rinonaka rinoenderana, rinotarisirwa, zvichideredza zvichemo zvevatengi uye kusimbisa kuvimbika kwekambani. Kugona kugadzirisa nekukurumidza, panguva chaiyo panguva ino, pane kuvimba nekuchinja kwehuwandu, inzira yakananga yekutungamira kwakanaka.
Kuzadza/Kurongedza Pamberi
Iri ndiro gedhi rekupedzisira remhando yechigadzirwa chisati chavharwa uye chatumirwa. Ndiyo mukana wekupedzisira wekusimbisa mhando yechigadzirwa. Chinangwa ndechekuita ongororo yekupedzisira uye yechokwadi yehunhu hwechigadzirwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo wega wega unosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yekunaka uye kutevedzera mitemo.
Kuyera uku kwekupedzisira kunochinja nzira kubva pakuita zvinhu zvinogadzirisa zvinhu kuenda pakuita zvinhu zvinodzivirira. Hazvina kunyanya kugadzirisa zvinhu asi zvakanyanya kukusimbisa. Nekuva nekuongorora kwekupedzisira, mugadziri anogona kukurumidza kuona nekuparadzanisa chero chigadzirwa chisina kutsanangurwa chisati chasvika pamusika, nokudaro achideredza njodzi yekudzoserwa kwezvinhu kunodhura, kukuvara kwemukurumbira, uye matambudziko ebasa revatengi. Nguva yekupindura nekukurumidza kwesensa ye ultrasonic iri mumutsara yakakosha pano, sezvo ichigona kushandiswa kudzora vharuvhu yekuchinjisa zvinhu kuti ivhare otomatiki chigadzirwa chisingatevedzere mitemo.
Une mibvunzo nezve kugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzira？
Tafura 1 inopa gwara rakajeka, pakarepo kune mainjiniya nevatungamiriri vemapurogiramu, richiratidza nzvimbo huru dzekudzora, chinangwa chavo, uye zvinodiwa. Inoshanda senzira yekuona hurukuro yese yehurongwa, ichiratidza kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro ekugadzira yogati yekutengeserana.
Tafura 1: Matanho Ekuyerwa Kwakakosha & Zvinangwa Mukugadzirwa kweYogurt
| Danho | Chinangwa Chikuru | MaParamita Akakosha | Kururama Kunodiwa |
| Kusanganisa & Kugadzirisa Chinhu Chekutanga | Gadzira nzvimbo yekutangira yakagadzikana; ita shuwa kuti zvinhu zvose zvinoenderana. | Kuwanda kweShuga (°Brix), Kuwanda kweLactose, Tembiricha. | ± 0.01 Brix (kana kupfuura) |
| Kurapa Kwekutanga Kwekuvirisa | Kuongororwa kwekupedzisira kwemusanganiswa wemushonga usati wabayiwa; simbisa kuti mushonga wacho unokwanisa kugadzikana mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. | Kuwanda kweShuga (°Brix), Tembiricha, Kuwanda kweShuga. | ± 0.05 Brix |
| Kunhuhwirira & Kuvira Mushure mekuvirisa | Dzora ruzivo rwekupedzisira rwepfungwa; ita shuwa kuti zvinodikanwa pakunyorwa kwezviratidzo zvinotevedzera zvinodiwa. | Kuwanda kweShuga Yekupedzisira (°Brix), Acidity (pH). | ± 0.05 Brix |
| Kuzadza/Kurongedza Pamberi | Kuongorora kwekupedzisira kwehunhu; kuderedza njodzi yekudzoserwa kwechinhu uye mukurumbira wechiratidzo. | Kuwanda kweShuga Yekupedzisira (°Brix), Kusviba. | ± 0.05 Brix |
Kubatsira kweUltrasonic: Kunyura Kwehunyanzvi Zvakadzika
Chikamu chino chinotsanangura kuti sei tekinoroji ye ultrasonic isiri imwe nzira chete, asi mhinduro iri nani kune mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ekugadzira yogati.
Nheyo dzeKuyera Ultrasonic
Nheyo huru yekuyera huwandu hwenzwi mu ultrasonic ihukama hwakananga pakati pekumhanya kwenzwi kuburikidza nechinhu uye hunhu hwaro hwepanyama, hwakadai sekudzikamisa uye huwandu. Sensor inoburitsa wave ye ultrasound, inoyera nguva inotora kufamba daro rakatarwa kuenda kune receiver, uye inoverenga kumhanya kwenzwi ichishandisa fomura iyi:
v=d/t. Kumhanya kweruzha uku kunobva kwabatanidzwa nekuwanda kwezvinhu zvakanyungudutswa.Ultrasonic Concentration MeterSemuenzaniso, inoshanda maererano nepfungwa iyi uye ine kurongeka kwekuyera kwe0.05% kusvika 0.1%.
Kuenzanisa Kuongorora Kwematekinoroji Ekuyera
Munzvimbo yakaoma seyogati, matekinoroji ekuyera echinyakare ane zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha. Kuenzanisa kunoratidza kuti nzira ye ultrasonic ndiyo yakanakisisa.
MaRefractometer:Midziyo iyi inoshandisa chiedza chinopenya. Kusasimba kwayo kukuru mukugadzirwa kweyogati ndiko kunzwisiswa kwayo ne turbidity, ruvara, uye smoked particles, izvo zvese zviri zviratidzo zvemvura. Inyanzvi ye optical, zvichiita kuti isakodzere kushandiswa kwe opaque media.
Mamita eKuwanda:Zvishandiso izvi zvinoyera huwandu hwezvinhu kuti zvionekwe kuti zvine huwandu hwakanyanya. Kunyange zvazvo zvichibatsira, zvinogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya nefuro rakawanda kana mhepo yakavharirwa, zvichikonzera zvikanganiso pakuyera.
Spectroscopy yeNear-Infrared (NIR):Kunyange hazvo zvichikurumidza uye zvichibatsira pakuongorora shuga, NIR inogona kuoma uye ingangoda sampuro yakachena, kuyera kwakawanda, uye kuongorora kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana.
Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti ma refractometers nema density metres anoyera hunhu hwakasiyana hwemuviri (refractive index uye density, zvichiteerana) kuti aone kukosha kwakafanana (°Brix). Izvi zvinoita kuti zvipe mhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzemuenzaniso mumwe chete wezvikamu zvakawanda. Uyu hausi mutsauko mudiki wehunyanzvi; idambudziko guru rekusanzwisisika uye kusaenderana. Sensor ye ultrasonic, inova chiyero chimwe chete, chiri mumutsara, inobvisa kusanzwisisika uku. Inopa sosi imwe chete, inoenderana, uye yakavimbika yechokwadi, nokudaro ichirerutsa kudzora mhando uye kuve nechokwadi chekuenzaniswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzezvirimwa kana mitsetse yekugadzira. Izvi zvinoshandura kudzora mhando kubva pakuita kwemunhu, kunoenderana nemidziyo kuenda kune imwe chete, isina chinangwa, uye yakajeka.
Tafura 2 inopa kuenzanisa kwakazara kwetekinoroji idzi.
Tafura 2: Kuenzanisa Tekinoroji Yekuyera Kuyera Mutsetse
| Tekinoroji | Kururama | Kusadzivirirwa neKusviba/Ruvara | Kusadzivirirwa neFuro | Kusimba kweCIP/SIP | Kugadzirisa | Kuomarara kweCalibration |
| Ultrasonic | Yakakwira (±0.01% yenzvimbo) | Yakakwira (haina kukanganiswa) | Yakakwira (haina kukanganiswa) | Yakakwirira (yakagadzirwa nechinangwa) | Yakaderera Zvikuru (hapana zvikamu zvinofamba) | Pakati nepakati (neML) |
| Refractometer | Yakakwira (mumvura yakachena) | Yakaderera (haigone kushandiswa muzvinwiwa zvisingaonekwe) | Pakati nepakati | Pakati nepakati (prism inogona kusvibisa) | Pakati nepakati (kuchenesa/kudzoreredza zero) | Yakaderera (ye sucrose chaiyo) |
| Chiyero cheKuwanda kweVatengi | Yakakwirira | Yakakwira (haina kukanganiswa) | Zvakaderera (zvinokanganiswa nemhepo) | Pakati nepakati (sensor inogona kusvibisa) | Pakati nepakati (kuchenesa/kudzoreredza zero) | Yakaderera (ye sucrose chaiyo) |
| NIR Spectroscopy | Yakakwirira | Zvakaderera (zvinogona kunzwisisika) | Pakati nepakati | Zvakaderera | Kuongororwa kwakakwirira (kwakaoma) | Yakakwira (yakawanda-siyana) |
Dzidza NezveMamwe Mamita Ehuremu
Mamwe Mamita Emaitiro Epamhepo
Kukunda Matambudziko Ezvakatipoteredza
Indasitiri yemukaka ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kuomera ma process sensor nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa, uye zvinodiwa zvehutsanana. Sensor iyi muenzaniso mukuru wemhinduro yakagadzirirwa kukunda matambudziko aya. Haina ruvara, kusviba, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwefuro uye inogona kushanda pakupisa kusvika 200°C uye kumanikidzwa kusvika 500 Bar. Izvi zviri pamusoro pekupisa kunodiwa pakuita pasteurization (90-95°C) uye CIP/SIP processes (kusvika 130°C). Sensor iyi yakagadzirirwawo kuti ienderane neCIP, ine transducer yakachena uye simbi isina ngura.
Kugona kwesensa kugona kutsungirira maCIP/SIP cycles pasina kubviswa nemaoko ibhenefiti huru yekushanda uye yemari. Chidzidzo che ultrasound level sensor chinoratidza kuti magadzirirwo ekuzvichenesa, ehutsanana anobvisa sei zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa uye kuverenga kwenhema kubva mukunyoroveswa uye furo, izvo zvinoreva kuti nguva shoma yekushanda, mari shoma yevashandi, uye kuvimbika kwemaitiro. Sensa haisi kungori mudziyo wekuyera chete; ipfuma yakabatanidzwa mumaitiro ekuchenesa nekugadzirisa efekitori, zvichibatsira zvakananga pakushanda zvakanaka uye ROI.
Kuongorora Kwepamusoro & Kuzvigadzira Kwemagetsi: Kusundidzira Miganhu Yekudzora Maitiro
Kukosha kwechokwadi kwesensa yakasimba kunowanikwa kana data rayo rikashandisa zvizere nehurongwa hweautomation hwakangwara. Chikamu chino chinotsanangura kuti data rakagadzirwa kubva kumasensa e ultrasonic rinoshandurwa sei kuita huchenjeri hunoshanda, zvichigadzirisa matambudziko akaomarara ekuongorora zvinhu zvakawanda uye kubatanidzwa kwezvirimwa.
Kugona Kugadzirisa Magadzirirwo EmaMatrices Akaoma
Yogurt haisi mhinduro iri nyore ye sucrose-in-water. I matrix yakaoma ye lactose, zvinotapira zvakawedzerwa, mapuroteni, nemafuta. Kuyera kumhanya kwenzwi rimwe chete kungasave kwakakwana kusiyanisa pakati pezvikamu izvi. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti zviyero zve ultrasonic zvinogona kusanganiswa nema algorithms epamusoro ekudzidza kwemuchina, akadai sePartial Least Squares (PLS) neSupport Vector Machines (SVM), kufanotaura huwandu mu suspensions dzakaoma, dzakawanda. Izvi zvinopa mukana wakakura wekukwikwidza mukugadzirwa kwechikafu. Kusanganiswa kwemasensa akawanda ndeimwe nzira ine simba yekuvandudza kururama nekubatanidza data kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.
Dambudziko rekusiyana kweshuga nezvinhu zvakawanda harigadziriswe nesensa chete, asi nekubatanidzwa kwesensa nekuongorora kwepamusoro. Sensa inopa ruzivo rwakakura rwe data repamusoro-soro, uye modhi yekudzidza kwemuchina, yakadzidziswa nedata renhoroondo kubva kumaresipi akasiyana-siyana ezvigadzirwa, inodzidza kubatanidza kuyerera ikoko nehukuru hweshuga hwaunoda. Izvi zvinomiririra shanduko huru kubva pakuyera kuri nyore kwakavakirwa pafizikisi kuenda kumodhi yekufanotaura yakasarudzika, inotungamirwa nedata. Kugona uku kunoshandura sensa kubva pamudziyo uri nyore kuita chishandiso "chakangwara" chekuongorora chinogona kubata nuance uye kusiyana kwekugadzirwa kwechikafu chakakodzera.
Kubatanidzwa kweSCADA/DCS kusina musono
Sensor yakanaka chete kana ichikwanisa kutaurirana nekubatana nesystem yetsinga yemuchina. Sensor yePS7020 inotsigira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutaurirana, dzinosanganisira RS485, Modbus, Profibus-DP, Bluetooth 5.3, uye dual 4-20mA outputs neHART. Nzira dzakajairika dzekutaurirana dzakadai seHART neModbus dzakakosha pakubatanidza zvishandiso zvemumunda nemasystem ekutarisa nekudzora. Masisitimu ekuwana data nekukurumidza (DAQs) akakosha pakutarisa nekudzora panguva chaiyo, achipa latency yakaderera uye kugadzirisa data nekukurumidza.
Indasitiri yemukaka ine dambudziko re "data rakasiyiwa uye ruzivo" zvinodzivirira ongororo ine musoro. Nekusarudza sensor ine rutsigiro rwechivanhu rwemaprotocol akajairika eindasitiri, dairy inogona kudzivirira mapurojekiti akaomarara uye anodhura ekubatanidza. Kugona kudhonza kwete chete kukosha kwehuwandu humwe chete asiwo zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sekumhanya kweruzha uye tembiricha pamusoro peprotocol yedhijitari senge HART kana Modbus kunopa data rakapfuma rekuongorora kwepamusoro uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Izvi zvinoita kuti dhizaini yesystem ive nyore uye zvinopa maonero akafanana, akabatana emaitiro acho, chinhu chakakosha che "kugadzira kwakangwara".
Kuvandudza Kuenderana Kwechigadzirwa uye Kukosha Kwechiratidzo
Hunhu hwakanaka nguva dzose ndiyo musimboti wekuvimbika kwechiratidzo. Sisitimu yekuyera yakavimbika inoita kuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chienderane nezvinodiwa nevatengi nguva dzose. Kuyera kwakarurama panguva chaiyo kwakakosha pakugadzirisa maitiro, kudzora hunhu, uye kuita sarudzo nekukurumidza. Kunaka uye hunhu hwechigadzirwa zvinoenderana zvakananga nehuwandu hweshuga hwekupedzisira.
Kukosha kwekugara nguva dzose kunopfuura kungodzivisa kunyunyuta kwevatengi. Brand inozivikanwa nezvigadzirwa zvayo zvakavimbika uye zvemhando yepamusoro inogona kutenga mutengo wepamusoro, kuwedzera mugove wayo wemusika, uye kuderedza mari yekushambadzira. Sisitimu yekuyera panguva chaiyo inopa hwaro hweruzivo rwekusiyanisa uku kwemhando. Inobvumira shanduko kubva kumuenzaniso wekusimbisa mhando unogadzirisa, unogadzirisa kuenda kune unogadzira mhando.
Kushanda Nesimba & Kuchengetedza Mari Inochengetedza
Kugadzirwa kwakasimba kwemasensa e ultrasonic kunoreva mabhenefiti makuru ekushanda kwenguva refu. Maitiro ekuzvigadzirisa uye ekuzvichenesa emasensa e ultrasonic epamusoro anobvisa kuverenga kwenhema uye matambudziko ekugadzirisa anokanganisa mamwe masisitimu. Izvi zvinoderedza nguva yekushanda uye mari yevashandi, sezvakaratidzwa muchidzidzo chemuenzaniso apo nzvimbo yemukaka yakawana kuvimbika kwemaitiro uye nguva yekushanda yakaderera. Kushaikwa kwezvikamu zvinofamba uye zvinodyiwa kunoita kuti ive mhinduro yekugadzirisa, zvichisunungura nguva inokosha yekugadzira nekugadzirisa. Mutengo wese wekuva muridzi (TCO) wesisitimu yakasimba ye ultrasonic wakaderera zvakanyanya pane wemasisitimu echinyakare anoda kugadziriswa kakawanda, kugadziriswazve, kana ane hupenyu hupfupi munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Ultrasonic iri mumutsarakuyerwa kwehuwandu hweshugainomiririra kukwira kukuru mukudzora mashandiro eindasitiri yemukaka, kubva pakuvimba nenzira dzinoshanda nemaoko, uye dzisina kuvimbika kuenda kumhando inoshanda, inotungamirirwa nedata, uye inobatsira zvikuru.Contact Lonnmeter uye sthunyanzvi iwerpdomboss optimizatiyoni.
