Indasitiri yemazuva ano yekugadzira zvizoro inozivikanwa nekugadzira zvinhu zvakaoma, zvinowanzova nemafuta asiri eNewtonian. Maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu izvi, akadai sekuchekerera ganda uye thixotropy, anokonzera matambudziko makuru kune nzira dzekugadzira dzechinyakare, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwebatch-to-batch, marara akawanda ezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, uye kusashanda zvakanaka mumabasa akakosha akadai sekupomba nekusanganisa. Nzira dzemazuva ano dzekudzora hunhu, dzinoshandisa zviyero zve viscosity, zvisina kukwana pakubata maitiro emvura aya mumamiriro ekugadzira.
I. Kuchinja kweRheology uye Kuchinja kweMafuta muKugadzira Zvizoro
Kugadzirwa kwezvizoro inzira ine hunyanzvi apo hunhu hwemuviri hwemvura hunonyanya kukosha. Kunzwisisa kwakadzama hunhu uhwu chinhu chinodiwa pakukurukurirana kunobatsira pakugadzirisa maitiro. Kushanduka kwemvura kwezvigadzirwa zvezvizoro hakudzorwi nehukama huri nyore, zvichiita kuti zvisiyane zvakanyanya neNewtonian fluids semvura.
1.1Kusviba uye Rheology
Kusimba kwemvura kunoratidza kuti mvura haipindi muropa kana yaiswa. Kune mvura dzeNewtonian dziri nyore, hunhu uhwu hahuchinji uye hunogona kuratidzwa nechinhu chimwe chete. Zvisinei, magadzirirwo ezvishongedzo haawanzo kuve nyore kudaro. Mafuta akawanda emafuta, makirimu, uye shampoos zvinoiswa muzvikamu zvemvura dzisiri dzeNewtonian, idzo dzinoramba kuyerera kwemvura nekushandisa simba (shear) rakashandiswa.
Rheology ndiyo nzira yakazara uye yakakosha yeindasitiri iyi. Idzidzo yekufamba uye kuchinjika kwezvinwiwa, majeli, uye zvinhu zvakapfava. Nhamba imwe chete yedata haina kukwana kufanotaura maitiro echigadzirwa sezvo chichipombwa, chakasanganiswa, uye chakazadzwa. Hunhu hwerheological hwechigadzirwa hunokanganisa zvakananga hunhu hwacho hwekunzwa, kugadzikana kwenguva refu mukurongedza, uye mashandiro ahwo. Semuenzaniso, viscosity yekirimu inotungamira kupararira kwayo paganda, uye kugadzikana kweshampoo kunokanganisa huwandu hunopihwa nemutengi kubva mubhodhoro.
1.2Zvinhu Zvisiri zveNewtonian uye Matambudziko Azvo Ekugadzira
Kuoma kwekugadzirwa kwezvizoro kunobva mumaitiro akasiyana-siyana e rheological emvura inoshandiswa. Kunzwisisa maitiro aya ndiko kwakakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko aripo ekugadzira.
Kuchekwa kweganda (Kuchekwa kweganda):Iyi imhando isingachinji nguva apo kusimba kwemvura kunoderera sezvo mwero wekuchekwa kwayo uchiwedzera. Mazhinji emulsions ekushongedza nemafuta ekuchenesa anoratidza maitiro aya, ayo anodiwa kune zvigadzirwa zvinoda kunge zvakakora panguva yekuzorora asi zvinokwanisa kupararira kana kuyerera kana kuiswa.
Thixotropy:Izvi zvinoitwa nekuderedza bvudzi kubva pakuchekwa kweganda zvichienderana nenguva. Zvinhu zvinonyorova, zvakaita semamwe majeli uye ma colloidal suspensions, zvinova zvishoma kusviba kana zvakanganiswa kana kuchekwa nekufamba kwenguva uye zvinotora nguva yakatarwa kuti zvidzokere pazvaive pakutanga, zvakanyanya kusviba kana kushushikana kwabviswa. Muenzaniso wekare ipendi isingadonhe, iyo inotetepa pasi pebrashi asi inokurumidza kukora panzvimbo yakatwasuka kudzivirira kudonha. Yogurt nemamwe mashampoo anoratidzawo izvi.
Zvinokonzera Kushushikana Kwemubereko:Zvinhu izvi zvinoita sechisimbiso pazvinenge zvamira uye zvinotanga kuyerera mushure mekunge kusvuta kwacho kwapfuura kukosha kwakakosha, kunozivikanwa sekuti yield point kana kuti yield stress. Ketchup muenzaniso wakajairika. Muzvizoro, zvigadzirwa zvine yield point yakakwira zvinoonekwa nevatengi sezvine "huwandu hwakawanda" uye kunzwa kwemhando yepamusoro.
1.3 Mhedzisiro Yakananga Pakushanda Zvakanaka Kwemaitiro
Maitiro asina kurongeka ezvinwiwa izvi ane mhedzisiro yakakura uye inowanzo kanganisa mashandiro ekugadzira akajairwa.
1.3.1 Mashandiro Ekupomba:
Kushanda kwemapombi e centrifugal, ayo ari kwose kwose mukugadzirwa, kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusimba kwemvura. Musoro wepombi uye kubuda kwevolumetric zvinogona "kuderera" zvakanyanya pakupomba mvura dzisiri dzeNewtonian dzine viscosity yakakura. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwakasimba mumusanganiswa kunogona kutungamira kudzikira kwemusoro uye kushanda zvakanaka kusvika ku60% ne25%, zvichiteerana, kune misanganiswa yakaomeswa. Kusimba uku hakusi kwechimiro; mwero wekucheka wakakwira mukati mepombi unogona kushandura kusimba kwemvura, zvichikonzera kushanda kwepombi kusingatarisirwi uye kushaikwa kwekuyerera kwakasimba. Kuramba kwakanyanya kwemvura dzakasimba kunoisawo mutoro mukuru we radial pamabheringi uye kunokonzera matambudziko nemidziyo yemakanika, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekukundikana kwemidziyo nekugadzirisa.
1.3.2 Kusanganisa uye Kutsamwisa:
Mutangi rekusanganisa, kusviba kwakanyanya kwezvinonhuhwirira kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuyerera kwemvura kubva muimpeller yekusanganisa, zvichiisa kucheka nekusanganisa kunzvimbo diki yakatenderedza banga reimpeller. Izvi zvinotungamira mukurasikirwa kwesimba rakawanda uye zvinodzivirira batch yese kuti isasvike pakufanana. Kune zvinonhuhwirira zvinoderedza kusviba, izvi zvinowedzera, sezvo mvura iri kure neimpeller inowana mwero wakaderera wekuchekwa uye inoramba iri pahupamhi hwakanyanya, zvichigadzira "zvitsuwa zvinosanganisa zvishoma nezvishoma" kana "mapako ekunyepedzera" asina kusanganiswa zvakanaka. Mugumisiro wacho kugoverwa kwezvikamu zvisina kuenzana uye chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chisingaenderane.
Maitiro echinyakare ekuyera viscosity nemaoko, kunze kwe-line haana kukwana pakugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Viscosity yemvura isiri yeNewtonian haisi chinhu chimwe chete asi inoenderana nechiyero chekuchekwa uye, mune dzimwe nguva, nguva yekuchekwa. Mamiriro ezvinhu ayo sampuro yerabhoritari inoyerwa (semuenzaniso, mubeaker pakumhanya kwespindle uye tembiricha chaiyo) haaratidze mamiriro ekuchekwa kwesimba mukati mepombi kana tangi rekusanganisa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuyerwa kunotorwa pachiyero chekuchekwa kwesimba uye tembiricha zvakatarwa zvingangove zvisina basa kune maitiro emvura panguva yekuchinja kwesimba. Kana timu yekugadzira ichivimba nekutarisa kwemaawa maviri nemaoko, havangononoki chete kuita shanduko dzemaitiro panguva chaiyo asi variwo kutora sarudzo dzavo pamutengo ungasaratidza mamiriro emvura ari mukati mekushanda. Kuvimba uku nedata risina kunaka, rinoita kuti pave nechikonzero chekudzora kwakashata uye kusiyana kukuru kwekushanda, izvo zvisingagoneke kuputsika pasina nzira itsva, yekugadzirira.
Kusanganisa & Kusanganisa Zvizoro
II. Kusarudzwa kweSensor uye Kuitwa kweHardware munzvimbo dzakaoma
Kufambira mberi kwenzira dzekushandisa nemaoko kunoda kusarudzwa kwema viscometer epamhepo akasimba uye akavimbika anokwanisa kupa ruzivo rwenguva dzose, rwechokwadi kubva mukati memaitiro acho.
2.1Viscometry Yepamhepo
Ma viscometer epamhepo, ingave yakaiswa zvakananga mumutsara wekuita (mukati) kana mu-bypass loop, inopa zviyero zve viscosity zvenguva chaiyo 24/7, zvichigonesa kutarisa nekugadzirisa maitiro nguva dzose. Izvi zvakasiyana zvikuru nenzira dzerabhoritari dzisingashande, idzo dzinongoshanda uye dzinogona kungopa mufananidzo wemamiriro ekuita panguva dzakasiyana. Kukwanisa kuwana data rakavimbika, rinoenderera mberi kubva kumutsara wekugadzira chinhu chinodiwa pakushandisa system yekudzora otomatiki, yakavharwa.
2.2 Zvinodiwa Zvakakosha paViscometer
Sarudzo ye viscometer yekugadzira zvizoro inofanira kutungamirirwa nemiganhu yezvakatipoteredza uye mashandiro eindasitiri.
Zvipingamupinyi zvezvakatipoteredza uye zvekugara kwenguva refu:
Kupisa Kwakanyanya uye Kumanikidzwa:Mafomu ekushongedza anowanzoda kudziiswa kusvika patembiricha yakatarwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekusanganiswa kwakakodzera uye emulsification. Sensor yakasarudzwa inofanira kukwanisa kushanda zvakavimbika patembiricha inosvika 300 °C uye kumanikidzwa kusvika 500 bar.
Kuramba Kuora:Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvekushongedza, kusanganisira ma surfactants nezvimwe zvinowedzerwa, zvinogona kukuvadza nekufamba kwenguva. Zvikamu zvakanyoroveswa zve sensor zvinofanirwa kuvakwa nezvinhu zvakasimba uye zvisingakanganise ngura. 316L Stainless Steel ndiyo sarudzo yakajairika yekutsungirira kwayo munzvimbo dzakadaro.
Kusadzivirirwa neKudengenyeka:Nzvimbo dzekugadzira dzine ruzha rukuru, nepombi, ma agitator, nemimwe michina zvichiburitsa kudedera kwakakosha munharaunda. Pfungwa yekuyera sensor inofanira kunge isina simba rekudedera uku kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti data rakarurama.
2.3 Kuongororwa kweViscometer Technologies yeKubatanidzwa kweMaitiro
Kuti pave nekubatana kwakasimba paindaneti, mamwe matekinoroji akakodzera kupfuura mamwe.
MaViscometer Anodedera/Anonzwika: Iyi tekinoroji inoshanda nekuyera damping effect yemvura pane chinhu chinodedera, senge forogo kana resonator, kuti ione viscosity. Iyi nheyo inopa mabhenefiti akakosha ekushandiswa kwezvishongedzo. Aya ma sensor haana zvikamu zvinofamba, izvo zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekugadzirisa uye zvinoderedza mari yekushandisa. Dhizaini yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, senge coaxial resonator yakaringana, inodzima ma reaction torque uye nekudaro hainzwisisi mamiriro ekuisa uye viscosity yekunze. Kusadzivirirwa uku kune ruzha rwemhepo kunoita kuti kuyerwa kwakasimba, kunodzokororwa, uye kudzokororwa, kunyangwe mukuyerera kwakasimba kana pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya. Aya ma sensor anogonawo kuyera viscosity munzvimbo yakakura kwazvo, kubva pamvura yakaderera kusvika kune yakanyanya viscosity, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kwazvo kune zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kutenderera uye Mamwe Matekinoroji:Kunyange zvazvo ma viscometer anotenderera achishanda zvakanaka murabhoritari pakugadzira ma curve anoyerera zvizere, kuomarara kwawo uye kuvapo kwezvikamu zvinofamba zvinogona kuita kuti zviomere kuchengetedza muindasitiri. Mamwe marudzi, akadai se falling element kana capillary type, anogona kukodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana asi anowanzo sangana nemiganhu pakuyera mvura dzisiri dzeNewtonian kana kuti anogona kukanganiswa nekuchinja-chinja kwekushisa nekuyerera.
Kuvimbika kwesystem yekudzora otomatiki kunoenderana nekuvimbika kwesensa inopinza. Nokudaro, kugadzikana kwenguva refu uye zvinodiwa zvishoma zve viscometer hazvisi zvinhu zvekurerutsira chete; ndizvo zvinodiwa zvekutanga zvesystem yekudzora inoshanda uye isingade kugadzirisa zvakanyanya. Mutengo wesensa haufanirwe kuonekwa semari yekutanga chete asi semutengo wayo wese wekuva muridzi (TCO), iyo inosanganisira nguva yebasa nenguva yekuzorora inobatanidzwa nekugadzirisa. Data kubva kumidziyo yakaita semaviscometer e capillaryzvinoratidza kuti kana vakabata nekucheneswa zvakanaka, kugadzikiswa kwavo kunogona kuramba kwakagadzikana kwemakore gumi kana kupfuura, zvichiratidza kuti kugadzikana kwenguva refu chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chekushandisa michina. Sensor inogona kuchengetedza kugadzikiswa kwayo kwenguva yakareba inobvisa njodzi huru yepurojekiti ye otomatiki nekubvisa chinhu chikuru chinogona kukonzera shanduko mumaitiro uye ichigonesa sisitimu kushanda yega pasina kupindira kwevanhu.
| Tekinoroji | Nheyo yekushanda | Kukodzera kweNon-Newtonian Fluids | Kugona Kupisa/Kudzvanyirira Kwakakwirira | Kuramba Kuora | Kusadzivirira Kudedera | Kugadzirisa/Kugadzirisa |
| Kudengenyeka/ Kurira | Inoyera kunyorovesa kwemvura pane chinhu chinodedera (forogo, resonator). | Yakanaka kwazvo (yakachekwa zvakanyanya, inoverengwa zvakare). | Yakakwirira (kusvika 300°C, 500 bar). | Yakanaka kwazvo (zvikamu zvese zve316L SS zvakanyoroveswa). | Yakanaka kwazvo (dhizaini ye resonator yakaenzana). | Yakaderera (hapana zvikamu zvinofamba, kusvibiswa kushoma). |
| Kutenderera | Inoyera torque inodiwa kuti itenderedze spindle mumvura. | Yakanaka kwazvo (inopa mukana wekuti ongororo ibude zvakanaka murabhoritari). | Pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemuenzaniso). | Yakanaka (inoda zvinhu zve spindle zvakananga). | Yakashata (inonzwa zvakanyanya kubvunda kwekunze). | Yakakwira (kuchenesa nguva nenguva, zvikamu zvinofamba-famba). |
| Kumanikidzwa kweCapillary/Differential | Inoyera kuderera kwedzvinyiriro pachubhu yakagadzika nekufamba kwemvura kusingachinji. | Zvishoma (zvinopa avhareji imwe chete yeNewtonian viscosity). | Pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (inoda kugadzikana kwekupisa). | Zvakanaka (zvinoenderana nezvinhu zve capillary). | Pakati nepakati (zvinoenderana nekuyerera kwemvura, zvinoda kuyerera kwakasimba). | Yakakwirira (inoda kucheneswa, inogona kuvharika). |
| Chinhu Chinodonha | Inoyera nguva yekuti chinhu chiwire mumvura. | Zvishoma (zvinopa avhareji imwe chete yeNewtonian viscosity). | Pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (zvinoenderana nezvinhu). | Zvakanaka (zvinoenderana nezvinhu zviri muchinhu). | Zviri pakati nepakati (zvinogona kukanganiswa nekudedera). | Zvikamu zviri pakati nepakati (zvinofamba, zvinoda kugadziriswa patsva). |
2.4 Kuiswa Kwakanaka KwemaSensor Kuti Uwane Ruzivo Rwakarurama
Kuiswa kwe viscometer kwakakosha se tekinoroji pachayo. Kuiswa kwakakodzera kunoita kuti data rakaunganidzwa riratidze mamiriro ekushanda. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzinoti sensor iiswe panzvimbo ine mvura yakafanana uye chinhu chinonzwa chakanyudzwa zvizere nguva dzese. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira mupaipi uko mabubble emhepo anogona kuungana dzinofanira kudzivirirwa, sezvo mhepo yakavharirwa inogona kukanganisa kuyerwa, kunyanya kunema viscometer anodederaSaizvozvowo, kuisa munzvimbo "dzisina kumira" uko mvura isiri kufamba nguva dzose kunofanira kudzivirirwa kudzivirira kuti zvinhu zvisaungane pasensor. Nzira yakanaka ndeyekuisa sensor muchikamu chepaipi uko kuyerera kwayo kwakasimba uye kwakafanana, senge vertical riser kana nzvimbo ine kuyerera kwakafanana, kuti ipe data rakavimbika kune system yekudzora.
III.Kubatanidzwa kwePLC/DCS kusina musono kuburikidza neRS485
Kubudirira kwekutumira kweviscometer yepamhepoInovimba nekubatanidzwa kwayo muzvikamu zvekudzora zvivakwa zviripo. Kusarudzwa kweprotocol yekutaurirana uye physical layer chisarudzo chakakosha chinoenzanisa kuvimbika, mutengo, uye kuenderana nehurongwa hwekare.
3.1 Pfupiso yeMagadzirirwo eSisitimu
Maitiro ekudzora maindasitiri ekushandisa uku ihukama hwemaster-slave. PLC kana kuti DCS yefekitori inoshanda se "master," ichitanga kutaurirana ne viscometer, iyo inoshanda se "slave device". Mudziyo weslave unoramba "wakanyarara" kusvika wabvunzwa nemaster, panguva iyoyo unopindura nedata rakumbirwa. Iyi modhi yekutaurirana yemunhu mumwe chete inodzivirira kusangana kwedata uye inoita kuti manejimendi ave nyore.
3.2 RS485 Kutaurirana Interface
RS485 kutaurirana interface inzira yakasimba uye yakagamuchirwa zvakanyanya yekushanda kwemaindasitiri otomatiki, kunyanya kumapurogiramu anoda kutaurirana kure, nzvimbo dzakawanda.
Hunhu hwehunyanzvi:
Kureba uye Kudonha Kwakawanda: RS485 inotsigira kutapurirana kwedata mudaro rinosvika mamita 2000, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera nzvimbo huru dzemaindasitiri. Bhazi rimwe chete rinogona kubatanidza midziyo inosvika makumi matatu, nhamba inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo nekushandisa marepeater, zvichideredza zvakanyanya mutengo nekuoma kwezvivakwa zvetambo.
Kusadzivirira Ruzha:RS485 inoshandisa nzira yakaringana uye yakasiyana-siyana yekuratidza zviratidzo pamusoro petambo yakamonyoroka. Dhizaini iyi inopa dziviriro yakakura ku electromagnetic interference (EMI) nedzimwe ruzha rwemagetsi, iro rinowanzo itika munzvimbo ine mota hombe nemadhiraivha.
3.3 Kuvhara Mukana wePLC/DCS
RS485 haisi kungoda zvehunyanzvi chete; isarudzo yebhizinesi ine hurongwa inoderedza zvakanyanya chipingamupinyi chekupinda mukuita otomatiki. Kugona kwayo kufamba daro refu uye kuramba ruzha kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri uko zvinhu izvi zvakakosha kupfuura kumhanya kwekutaurirana.
IV. Kutorwa kwedzidziso kweModel-Based Adaptive Control
Chikamu chino chinopa hwaro hwakasimba hwepfungwa dzehurongwa hwekudzora hunokwanisa kubata mashandiro akaomarara, asina kurongeka ezvinwiwa zvekushongedza.
4.1 Kudiwa Kwekudzora Kwepamusoro
Vatongi vePID (Traditional Proportional-Integral-Derivative) vakavakirwa pamamodeli emutsara wemaitiro uye havana hunyanzvi hwekubata maitiro asina kurongeka, anoenderana nenguva, uye anochinja-chinja ezvinwiwa zvisiri zveNewtonian. Mutongi wePID anoita reactive; anomirira kuti kutsauka kubva pane zvakatarwa kuitike asati atanga kugadzirisa. Kuti maitiro ane simba refu remhinduro, senge tangi hombe yekusanganisa kana thickener, izvi zvinogona kutungamira kugadziriso yekukanganisa inononoka, kutenderera, kana kuwedzeredza viscosity yechinangwa. Uyezve, kukanganiswa kwekunze, senge kushanduka kwekushisa kana shanduko mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa zvinopinda, zvinoda kugadziriswazve kwemutongi wePID nguva dzose, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kwemaitiro uye kusashanda zvakanaka.
4.2 Kutevedzera Rheological kweKudzora
Hwaro hwenzira inobudirira yekudzora ma fluids asiri eNewtonian imhando chaiyo uye inofanotaura yemasvomhu yemaitiro avo.
4.2.1 Kugadzira Mifananidzo Yevanhu (Mitemo Yekutanga):
Muenzaniso weHerschel-Bulkley imhando ine simba inoshandiswa kutsanangura maitiro e rheological emvura dzinoratidza kushushikana kwezvibereko uye hunhu hwekuchekerera kana kukora kwemashizha. Muenzaniso uyu unobatanidza kushushikana kwemashizha (τ) nechiyero chekuchekerera (γ˙) uchishandisa ma parameter matatu akakosha:
τ=τγ+K(γ˙)n
τγ (Kuwedzera Kushushikana): Kumanikidzwa kushoma kunofanira kupfuudzwa kuti mvura itange kuyerera.
K (Consistency Index): Chiratidzo chakafanana nekunaka, chinomiririra kuramba kwemvura kuyerera.
n (Flow Behavior Index): Chinhu chakakosha chinotsanangura maitiro emvura: n<1 yekuchekerera (pseudoplastic), n>1 yekuchekerera (yakakura), uye n=1 yepurasitiki yeBingham.
Modhi iyi inopa hurongwa hwemasvomhu hwemutongi kuti afanotaura kuti viscosity yemvura ichachinja sei kana paine mwero wekuchekwa kwemvura mukati meiyi nzira, kubva kunzvimbo yekusanganisa mvura isina kuchekwa zvakanyanya kusvika kunzvimbo ine ganda rakanyanya kuchekwa kwemvura yepombi.
4.2.2 Kugadzira Mifananidzo Inotungamirwa neData:
Pamusoro pemamodheru ekutanga, nzira inotungamirirwa nedata inogona kushandiswa kuvaka modheru yemaitiro inodzidza kubva kudata renguva chaiyo rinopihwa ne viscometer yepamhepo. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira kune mafomati akaomarara apo modheru yekutanga chaiyo yakaoma kuwana. Modheru inotungamirirwa nedata inogona kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa maparameter e sensor munguva chaiyo kuti iongorore zvinhu zvekunze zvakaita sekuchinja kwehuwandu hwemafuta kana kushanduka kwekushisa. Nzira iyi yakaratidzwa kuti inobudirira kudzora avhareji yekukanganisa kwakakwana kwekuyera viscosity mukati mechikamu chakamanikana, ichiratidza kushanda kwakanaka uye kuvimbika.
4.3 Kutorwa kweMutemo weAdaptive Control
Chinhu chikuru che system ye adaptive control system inokwanisa kudzidza nguva dzose uye kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu anochinja. Controller haivimbi nema parameters asina kugadziriswa asi inovandudza mode yayo yemukati yemaitiro acho.
Nheyo Yekutanga:Chinodzora chinochinjika chinoramba chichiongorora kana kugadzirisa maparamita emodhi yacho yemukati munguva chaiyo zvichibva padata re sensor rinouya. Izvi zvinobvumira chinodzora "kudzidza" uye kutsiva shanduko dzemaitiro dzinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwezvinhu, kupfeka kwemidziyo, kana kuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kuumbwa kweMutemo weKudzora:
Kuyerwa kweParameter yeModel: Chiyero chekuenzanisa maparamita, chinowanzo shandiswa paalgorithm ye recursive least squares (RLS) ine adaptive forgetting factor, chinoshandisa data re sensor real-time (viscosity, temperature, shear rate) kuti chigare chichigadzirisa maparamita emuenzaniso, akadai seK ne n values zveHerschel-Bulkley model. Ichi ndicho chikamu che "adaptive".
Algorithm Yekudzora Kufanotaura:Modhi yakagadziriswa yemaitiro inobva yashandiswa kufanotaura maitiro emunguva yemberi emvura. Algorithm yeModel Predictive Control (MPC) inzira yakanaka yekushandisa iyi. MPC inogona kubata mamodheru akasiyana-siyana (semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemvura uye kumhanya kwepombi) panguva imwe chete kudzora mamodheru akawanda anobuda (semuenzaniso, viscosity netembiricha). Hunhu hweMPC hwekufanotaura hunoibvumira kuverenga kugadzirisa kwakanyatsodiwa kuti maitiro arambe ari munzira, kunyangwe nekunonoka kwenguva refu, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti mvura inoramba iri mukati me "hwindo" rayo re rheological nguva dzese.
Kuchinja kubva pakudzora mhinduro nyore kuenda pakudzora kwakavakirwa pamuenzaniso kunomiririra shanduko huru kubva pakudzora mhinduro kuenda pakudzora maitiro ekuita zvinhu. Mutongi wePID wekare anowanzoita zvinhu, achimirira kuti chikanganiso chiitike asati atora matanho. Kune maitiro ane kunonoka kwenguva, maitiro aya anowanzo kunonoka, zvichikonzera kuwanda uye kutenderera. Mutongi wekugadzirisa, nekudzidza nguva dzose modhi yemaitiro, anogona kufanotaura kuti shanduko yepamusoro-soro - senge shanduko mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa - ichakanganisa sei viscosity yechigadzirwa chekupedzisira kusati kwave kwakakura. Izvi zvinobvumira sisitimu kuita zvigadziriso zvinokurumidza, zvakaverengerwa, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chinoramba chiri pane zvakatsanangurwa uye kuderedza marara nekusiyana. Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti pave nekuderedzwa kukuru kwekusiyana kwemabatch uye marara ezvinhu akanyorwa mukubudirira kwekushandisa.
V. Kushandiswa, Kusimbiswa, uye Maitiro Ekushanda
Chikamu chekupedzisira chepurojekiti ndechekubudirira kwekushandiswa uye kutarisirwa kwenguva refu kwehurongwa hwakabatanidzwa. Izvi zvinoda kuronga kwakanyatsonaka uye kutevedzera maitiro akanakisa ekushanda.
5.1 Maitiro Akanakisisa Ekuisa Basa Munzvimbo
Kubatanidzwa kwe online viscometry uye adaptive control ibasa rakaoma rinofanira kupihwa kune vane ruzivo rwekubatanidza masisitimu. Dhizaini yakanyatsotsanangurwa yakakosha, sezvo kusvika ku80% yematambudziko epurojekiti anogona kuteverwa kusvika padanho iri. Pakugadzirisa masisitimu ekudzora ekare, musanganisi ane hunyanzvi anogona kupa hunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti avhare mipata yekutaurirana uye ave nechokwadi chekuti kufamba kwakanaka. Uyezve, kuiswa kwemasensa kwakakodzera kwakakosha. Viscometer inofanira kuiswa munzvimbo isina mabubble emhepo, nzvimbo dzisingamire, uye zvidimbu zvikuru zvinogona kukanganisa kuyerwa.
5.2 Kusimbiswa uye Kuwiriraniswa kweData
Kuti sisitimu yekudzora ive yakavimbika, data rayo rinofanira kusimbiswa uye kugadziriswa. Masensa emumaindasitiri munzvimbo dzakaoma anogona kukanganiswa neruzha, kudzungaira, uye zvikanganiso. Chinotenderera chinongovimba nedata remasensa asina kusimba chinopera simba uye chinowanzoita zvikanganiso zvinodhura.
Kusimbiswa kweData:Maitiro aya anosanganisira kugadzirisa data remasensa asina kugadzirwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti kukosha kwacho kune zvakunoreva uye kuri mukati mehuwandu hunotarisirwa. Nzira dziri nyore dzinosanganisira kusefa zvinhu zvisingaonekwe uye kutora avhareji yezviyero zvakasiyana-siyana munguva yakatarwa kuderedza ruzha.
Kuona Chikanganiso Chakanyanya:Miedzo yenhamba, yakaita seye chi-square test, inogona kushandiswa kuona zvikanganiso zvakakosha kana kukundikana kwesensa nekuenzanisa kukosha kwebasa rechinangwa nechinhu chakakosha.
Kubatanidzwa kweData:Iyi inzira yepamusoro inoshandisa data remasensor rakawandisa uye ma process models (semuenzaniso, kuchengetedza huwandu hwevanhu) kugadzira seti imwe chete yedata, yakasimbiswa nenhamba. Maitiro aya anowedzera kuvimba nesystem uye anopa mukana wekuzvibata nekusagadzikana kudiki kwemasensor anomalies uye kutadza.
Kushandiswa kwechikamu chekusimbisa data hakusi chinhu chekusarudza; chikamu chepfungwa chinodiwa chinoita kuti system yese yekudzora ive yakasimba uye yakavimbika pasinei nekusawirirana kwenyika chaiyo. Chikamu ichi chinoshandura system kubva pakushandisa otomatiki kuita chinhu chakangwara zvechokwadi, chinozviongorora chinogona kuchengetedza mhando yechigadzirwa pasina kutariswa nevanhu nguva dzose.
5.3 Kugadzirisa Kwenguva Refu uye Kugara Kwenguva Yakareba
Kubudirira kwenguva refu kwehurongwa hwe viscometry hwepamhepo kunoenderana nehurongwa hwakarongeka hwekuchengetedza.
Kugadzirisa Masensa: Kushandiswa kwemagadzirirwo akasimba eviscometer asina zvikamu zvinofamba uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura, zvakaita se316L Stainless Steel, kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya matambudziko ekusvibisa uye kurerutsa maitiro ekugadzirisa.
Kugadzirisa Sisitimu uye Kusimbisa:Kuongororwa nguva dzose kwakakosha kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti viscometer inogara kwenguva refu yakarurama. Pakushandisa kwakanyatsojeka, kuongororwa kwacho kune mwero we viscometer wakasimbiswa kunofanirwa kuitwa panguva yakatarwa, asi kuwanda kwacho kunogona kuderedzwa kana paine zvisina kunyanya kukosha. Sezvinoratidzwa nezvidzidzo zvekugadzikana kwenguva refu, mamwe marudzi e viscometer, akadai segirazi capillary kana viscometers dzinotenderera, anogona kuchengetedza kuyerwa kwawo kwemakore, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwezviitiko zvinodhura zve kuyerwa.
AMhinduro inogona kubatsira zvikuru: kudzikira kukuru kwekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu uye marara ezvinhu, uye nzira inoenda kukugadzira zvinhu zvakazvimirira uye zvine hungwaru.Start your opnguvaizatiyoniby contact Lonnmeter.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-09-2025
