Kutarisa huwandu hwemvura inoyerera pasi pemvura chinhu chakakosha mukushanda kwe lead-zinc mine thickener, kuchengetedza zvakananga kuchengetedzeka kwekugadzirisa zvicherwa, kugadzikana kwemaitiro, kushanda zvakanaka kwemari, uye kutevedzera nharaunda. Senzira huru yedata rezvinhu zvinoyerera pasi pemvura, inoshanda senzira yekutanga yekudzivirira kubva pakusunga/kubata rake nekuona kuwanda kwezvinhu zvine mvura yakawanda (chikonzero chikuru chekukwira kwesimba reke uye kutadza kwemidziyo). Kuti idzore maitiro, inobvumira kudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwekubvisa mvura—kudzivirira kunyungudika kwakawandisa (kusefa zvakanyanya) kana kutsvedza kwakasimba (kuvhara mapaipi)—ukuwo ichitungamira kugadzirisa flocculant kudzivirira marara e reagent uye kujekesa kwakashata kwemvura inoyerera.
Nheyo dzekushanda kweIndustrial Thickener muPolymetallic Lead neZinc Mines
Zvishandiso zvemaindasitiri zvinonyanya kukosha pakugadzirisa zvicherwa mumigodhi yepolymetallic lead ne zinc, zvichiita kuti pave nekupatsanurwa kwemvura yakasimba, kudzoreredzwa kwemvura, uye kudzora huwandu hwemvura inopinda muvhu. Kushanda kwazvo kunokanganisa kugadzikana kwemaitiro, manejimendi yetsvina, uye mhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza.
Nheyo dzekutanga dzekubvisa marara munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa kugadzira zvicherwa
Kushanda kwekuita kuti zvinhu zviome kunobva mufizikisi ye sedimentation, uko zvidimbu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa mu slurry zvinoparadzaniswa negravity. Feed slurry inopinda mu thickener yopararira mumudziyo. Pasi pe gravity, zvidimbu zvinotanga kugara, zvichiita nzvimbo nhatu huru:
- Nzvimbo yakajeka yemvura pamusoro (yakazara).
- Nzvimbo yepakati "yakavharirwa", uko kuwanda kwezvikamu kunosangana uye mwero wekugadzikana unoderera.
- Rutivi rwepasi rwetsvina yakamanikidzwa kana "mubhedha wevhu," uko zvinhu zvakasimba zvinoungana.
Mwero wekudonha kwemvura unoenderana nemasimba egiravhiti anoshanda pazvikamu, zvichidzorwa nekudhonzwa kubva mumvura. Sezvo huwandu hwakasimba huchiwedzera, zvikamu zvinokanganisa kufamba kwechimwe nechimwe, zvichinonotsa kugadzikana (kugadzikana kwakavharika). Kuyerera kwemvura—kunokonzerwa nepolyelectrolyte flocculants—kunobatanidza zvikamu zvidiki kuita zvikamu zvikuru, zvichiwedzera kumhanya kwazvo kwekugadzikana. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekudengenyeka kwemvura kunokanganiswa nemineralogy, saizi yezvikamu, kemikari yemvura, uye kutenderera mukati memuchina wekukora.
Kuverenga nemazvo dosage yeflocculant uye kugadzirisa kwayo kwakakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwe thickener. Kuisa dose yakawanda kana yakaderera kunoderedza kujeka kana huwandu hwemvura inoyerera, uye kunogona kukonzera tsaona dzakadai sekubatanidza rake kana kuwandisa. Kuongorora maitiro epamusoro uye kugadzirisa ma mineral thickening circuits kunoenderana nekutarisa nguva dzose ma physical ne chemical parameters aya.
Zvimiti muKugadzira Mineral
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Pfupiso yeMarudzi eIndasitiri Anopinza uye Mabasa Awo
Magadzirirwo matatu makuru ekugadzira zvinhu zvinogocha anoshandiswa mumafekitori emazuva ano ekugadzira zvinhu zvinogocha ne lead-zinc:
Zvinokora zvakajairwa zvedenderedzwashandisa tangi hombe, nzira yekutenderera yekukwesha simbi, uye ma scrapers anofamba zvishoma nezvishoma kuti ubatanidze uye uunganidze zvinhu zvakasimba zvakagadzika. Dhizaini iyi yakasimba asi inowanzo gadzirisa zvinhu zvishoma zvakasimba.
Zvikobvu zvepamusorodzakavakwa kuti dziwedzere simba rezvinhu zvakasimba nematangi ane mativi akakora, magadzirirwo enzvimbo dzekudya dzakagadziriswa, uye magungano ekugadzira simbi dzinoshanda zvakanaka. Aya mayuniti akajairika mukuita kwekugadzira simbi dzinopinza mubwe nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuchinja kwekudya uye kudiwa kwekudzoreredzwa kwemvura nekukurumidza.
Zvinokora zveNamatidzainopa huwandu hwakanyanya hwezvinhu zvakaoma uye inoita kuti mvura irambe yakakora, isingakanganise nharaunda kuti iraswe. Izvi zvinobatsira migodhi kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura uye nzvimbo yemadhamu emadhamu.
Rudzi rwese rwechinokora rune basa rakakosha mudunhu:
- Zvinosimbisa gandatora zvinhu zvinokosha zvemineral kubva muma circuits e flotation.
- Zvikukutu zveTailingstora mvura kubva munzizi dzemarara usati warasa tsvina.
- Zvinokora zveNamatidzagadzirai miswe yakawanda kuti muchengeterwe zvinhu zvakachengeteka uye zvidiki.
Kusiyana kwechikafu, hunhu hwematombo, uye kuenderana kwemvura inodiwa zvinotungamira kusarudzwa nekubatanidzwa kwemhando idzi dzekukora. Magadzirirwo emodular uye kugona kukura zvinobvumira kukura kwemiti uye kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro sezvo matombo uye zvinodiwa pakugadzira zvichichinja.
Matambudziko Akakosha Pakushanda Kwesimbi Dzakawanda
Migodhi yepolymetallic lead-zinc inosangana nematambudziko akaomarara mukushanda kwe thickener, kusanganisira:
Kuwanda kwezvikafu zvinodyiwa uye mineralology isingaenderane:Kuchera mhando dzakasiyana dzematombo kunounza kuchinja kukuru mukugadzirwa kwepulp, huwandu hwakasimba, uye rheology. Izvi zvinoomesa kudzora kwemvura inopinda uye kugadzirisa flocculant dosage mukuchera, zvichida kudzora maitiro anochinjika.
Kutakura zvinhu zvakasimba zvakanyanya:Migodhi yemazuva ano iri kushandisa simba rayo guru, ine ma "thickener circuits" anowanzo takura matani anopfuura 100,000 pazuva. Kuchengetedza kudzora huwandu hwe "thickener underflow density" uye kutarisa huwandu hwe "solids" pachiyero chakadaro kwakaoma asi kwakakosha kudzivirira njodzi dzemaitiro akadai setsaona ye "rake binding" kana "rake seizure".
Kudzidza nezve mineralogy yakaoma:Matombo e lead-zinc anogona kusanganisira galena, sphalerite, pyrite, uye gangue minerals, imwe neimwe ine maitiro akasiyana ekugadzikana uye kutenderera. Izvi zvinoda mapurogiramu akagadzirirwa flocculant uyemita yekuwanda kwevanhukuyera mashandiro eindasitiri yemigodhi.
Kukundikana kugadzirisa zvinhu izvi kunogona kukonzera minda yevhu isina kugadzikana, kujeka kusina kunaka, kushandiswa kwemakemikari akawanda, kana kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina. Njodzi yekuwanda kwemuchina wekuwedzera kana kusunga zvinhu zvakasimba inowedzera kana zvinhu zvakasimba zvikaungana zvisingatarisirwi, zvichiwedzera kusimbisa kudiwa kwekuyera kwe inline density uye matekinoroji e industrial density meter (semuenzaniso, Lonnmeter) kutungamira kugadzirisa maitiro panguva chaiyo uye kutsigira masisitimu e thickener automation.
Nekubatanidza kuongororwa kwakazara kwemaitiro ezvicherwa uye nzira dzekugadzirisa, kudzora kwekukora kwehuwandu hwemvura inopinda uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemabasa kunovandudzwa, zvichitsigira zvinangwa zvekudzoreredza zvicherwa uye zvekutarisira nharaunda mumabasa epolymetallic.
Zvikamu Zvakakosha uye Zvimiro zveDhizaini yeThickeners
Masisitimu eKukora Makonzo
Masisitimu ekugadzira ma "thickener rake" anoita basa guru mumabasa e "thickener" emaindasitiri emigodhi ye "polymetallic lead" ne "zinc". Ma "rakes" akagadzirwa kuti agare achifambisa uye achibatanidza zvinhu zvakasimba zvakagadzika kusvika pakubuda kwemvura pakati. Kutakura uku kunobatsira kudzora huwandu hwe "thickener" uye kunobatsira kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemibhedha isina kuenzana, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda zvakanaka.
Muchina uyu unosanganisira kutenderera maoko eraki ane maburi kana magejo. Maoko aya anodzika zvishoma nezvishoma, achikwenya matope akadzika akananga kunzvimbo inobuda mvura. Magadzirirwo emazuva ano eraki thickener anoshandisa zvinhu zvakasimba kuti atsungirire kukwenya nekuora kubva kumatope e lead-zinc. Computational modeling, yakadai seCFD (computational fluid dynamics) uye FEA (finite element analysis), inogadzirisa geometry, blade angle, arm spacing, uye drive size kuti pave ne torque shoma uye kushanda zvakanaka. Kune vanokwiza simbi vane density yakakura, matangi marefu uye mareki akasimbiswa anogonesa kubata zvakasimba zvakanyanya pasina kukanganisa kuvimbika kwemuchina.
Maitiro akanakisa anotsigira kurodha kwakasimba kwakasimba, kutarisa torque nguva dzose, uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo yekufambisa ine zvishandiso. Torque meter nema force transducers anounganidza data renguva chaiyo, zvichiita kuti zvigadziriso zvinoshanda zvinopindurwa. Masisitimu ekudzora anogadzirisa otomatiki kukwira kwerake kana kumhanya zvichienderana nekukwira kwetorque, izvo zvinowanzo kukonzerwa nekupararira kwesediment isina kuenzana kana kuunganidza zvinhu kamwe kamwe. Mienzaniso yemumunda inoratidza kuti kutarisa torque nguva dzose uye kuisa overload yakarongwa kunoderedza zvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa uye kukurudzira kushanda zvakanaka kwe thickener.
Dziviriro yekuwedzera simba reRake inotsamira pamidziyo yekuyera simba rakabatanidzwa (torque transducers, load cells) mukati medhiraivha. Kana miganhu ye torque yakatarwa yasvika—chiratidzo chekusunga rake—system inogona kusimudza rake yega kana kumisa dhiraivha kudzivirira kukuvara kwemuchina uye kubata rake. Dziviriro idzi, pamwe chete nemasisitimu ekudzora akapararira, anopa manejimendi ari kure uye kugona kupindira nekukurumidza, zvakakosha pakudzivirira tsaona dzekubatanidza rake.
Zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kubatana kweraki zvinosanganisira kuunganidzwa kwakawanda kwesimbi dzakasimba, kutadza kwekutyaira kana kutadza kwemuchina nekuda kwengura kana kunyorovesa zvisina kunaka, uye dziviriro isingashande yekuwedzera simba. Maitiro ekudzivirira anotarisa pakugadzira kwakasimba, kusanganisira madhiraivha makuru, zvinhu zvinodzivirira kukwesha, uye kuongororwa kwemuchina nguva nenguva. Kugadziriswa nekugadziriswa nguva dzose—senge kutsiva maburi uye kurongedzwa kwemafuta—kunoramba kuri matanho ekutanga ekuchengetedza. Kuongororwa kwechokwadi kunowanzo kurudzira kudzora mhinduro kuburikidza nemadhiraivha anochinja-chinja uye kuongorora kwemafambiro emagetsi kuti zvive zvakavimbika kwenguva refu.
Masisitimu Ekushandisa Flocculant
Kuverengerwa kwemuyero weFlocculant wekushanda kwe thickener mu lead-zinc slurry kwakagadzirirwa hunhu hwakasiyana hwe slurry: saizi ye particle, mineralogy, pH, uye simba re ionic. Maitiro akajairika anosanganisira kuyedzwa kwejagi re bench-scale, uko mhando dze polymer uye huwandu hwadzo zvinosarudzwa nenzira ye empirically kuti zviwane huwandu hunodiwa hwe underflow solids uye kujekesa overflow. Mumamiriro ekugadzirisa mineral plant, dosing inowanzo kuyerwa mumagiramu e active polymer patani ye dry solids.
Kukanganiswa kwekushandiswa kweflocculant kunokanganisa zvakananga mwero wekugadzikana uye huwandu hwekupedzisira hwekuyerera kwemvura. Muyero chaiwo unokurudzira kukurumidza kuungana kwezvikamu (floc), zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvakasimba zvigadzikane nekukurumidza uye kupatsanurwa kwemhando yepamusoro. Kuwedzerwa kwemuyero kunowedzera kushandiswa kwe reagent uye mari yekushandisa; kusakwana kwemuyero kunotungamira mukuparadzaniswa kwezvinhu zvakasimba zvisina kunaka, kudzikira kwehuwandu hwekuyerera kwemvura, uye mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kuwanda kwemvura mu thickener.
Matekinoroji anoita kuti zvinhu zviendeswe nemazvo anosanganisira mapombi ekuongorora makemikari anogona kurongwa, masisitimu anokwevera pasi, uye mapuroteni ekutonga otomatiki.Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemukatiuye mhinduro chaiyo-nguva ine mhinduro dzema industrial density meter — dzakadai seLonnmeter — dzinobvumira kugadziriswa nguva dzose uye kugadziriswa kwe polyelectrolyte dosage. Masisitimu aya anotsigira kushandiswa kwe reagent zvakanaka uye kutarisa huwandu hwe thickener solids panguva chaiyo-nguva. Ongororo dzakadzama dzinowanzo kurudzira kuenzaniswa kwe density meter yekushandiswa kweindasitiri yemigodhi kuderedza kukanganisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti maitiro acho akarongeka.
Maitiro akanakisa mukutarisira ma reagent anosanganisira kuyera nguva dzose michina yekuyera, kuongorora nguva dzose ma density metres, uye kubatanidzwa nema thickener automation systems. Nzira iyi inoderedza kushandiswa kwema reagent ukuwo ichinyanya kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzora density density, zvichibatsira mukushanda kwese kwe thickener uye kuchengetedzeka munzvimbo dze lead zinc ore beneficiation.
Maitiro Epamusoro Ekutonga Nekutarisa Ekuchengetedza Kuwanda Kwemvura
Kuyerwa kweInline Density uye Instrumentation
Kusarudza kurudyimita yekuwanda kwemaindasitiriZvakakosha kuti pave nekutarisa kwakarurama uye kunogara kuripo kwehuwandu hwe thickener underflow mu polymetallic lead ne zinc migodhi. Zvishandiso zvakaita se vibrating element uye ultrasonic density metres zvinopa dzimwe nzira dzisiri dzenyukireya, zvichitarisa zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvemutemo uye zvekuchengetedza mumabasa ekugadzirisa zvicherwa. Zvishandiso izvi zvinoyera slurry density munguva chaiyo pasina njodzi uye kutonga kwepamusoro kwe radiation-based gauges, iyo inobatsira zvikuru pakushanda zvakanaka kwe thickener uye kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, SDM ECO uye vibrating element designs zvakaratidzwa pakuyera abrasive, high-density lead-zinc slurries; dzine ma sensors anodzivirira abrasion, electronics dzakasimba, uye dzinoenderana nemamiriro e pulp anoparadza zvakanyanya.
Kubatanidzwa kwemamita kunoda kunyatsoongorora nzvimbo yekuyera. Kuiswa kwacho kunowanzoitwa mumutsara wemuchina wekupinza mvura uri pedyo nekubuda, uko huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasimba hunoenderana zvakanyanya uye hunoratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwechokwadi. Kuiswa kwacho kunofanirawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti mvura inoyerera zvishoma uye kuti haipindike pakugadzirisa, zvichienderana nemaitiro akanakisa ekuchengetedza muchina wekupinza mvura.
Kugadzirisa zvinhu idambudziko guru mukushandiswa kwemigodhi ye lead-zinc nekuda kwekuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kugadzirisa zvinhu nguva nenguva uchishandisa masampuli ekutarisa uye kugadzirisa software kunodiwa, kunyanya pakubata nzira dzekuvandudza zvinhu kubva mu lead zinc ore. Kugadzirisa zvinhu kubva mufekitori kunogona kushanda senzira yekutanga, asi kugadzirisa zvinhu panzvimbo chaiyo kunovandudza kururama kwekudzora kusimba kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinopinda mu thickener. Kufamba kwemidziyo, kunokonzerwa nekukweva kwe sensor, kupera, kana kuchinja slurry chemistry, kunoita kuti kusimbiswa kwemaoko kuve kwakakosha.
Nzira dzekukundikana dzinowanikwa munzvimbo yekuchera dzinosanganisira kukweshwa kwemasensa, kukura, kukuvadzwa kwemagetsi, uye kuunganidza zvinhu panzvimbo dzemasensa. Maitiro ekugadzirisa anosanganisira kugadzirisa kwakarongwa, kusanganisira kuchenesa michina, kugadzirisa patsva, uye kutsiva zvikamu zvemasensa zvakasakara. Maitiro ekukurumidza kupindura—akadai se automated error flagging, in-situ diagnostics, uye kudzoserwa kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemasensa maviri—anobatsira kuona kuti zvinhu zvakasimba zvinotariswa uye kukurumidza kupora mushure mekukanganisa. Masensa eSmartDiver-style profile anowedzera kuwedzera kudzoserwa nekupa kusimbiswa kwakazvimirira, panguva chaiyo kwehuwandu uye huwandu hwematope.
Masisitimu Ekutonga Anogokora Otomatiki
Masisitimu ekudzora thickener otomatiki ikozvino anobatanidza data rinoshanduka-shanduka—hunhu hwekudyisa, huwandu hwekuyerera kwemvura, uye torque inotyaira kubva ku thickener rake mechanism—kuti itarisire zvinhu zvakasimba uye kupatsanurwa kwemvura. Zvichibatanidza mhinduro kubva mukuyera kwehuwandu hwemvura, kudzvanywa, uye sensors dze torque dzemakesi, masisitimu aya anoshandisa nzira dzekudzora dzinoshanduka-shanduka kuti agadzirise ma process parameters akati wandei panguva imwe chete. Model predictive control (MPC) uye fuzzy logic controllers zvinogadzirisa dynamically control setpoints kuti zvigadzikane underflow concentration—kunyangwe sezvo feed properties kana flocculant dosage requirements dzichichinja nekuda kwekuchinja kwe ore blends.
Maitiro makuru ekudzora anotarisa pakutarisira huwandu hwezvinhu zviri mudura—kuwedzera mutoro wezvinhu zvinorema uku uchidzivirira kuwanda kwemuchina werake kana kusunga. Mhinduro yemuchina werake inoshandiswa kudzivirira kuwanda kwemuchina werake uye kudzivirira kubata kana kusunga, zvakakosha pakuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwemidziyo uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro. Kudzora kuwanda kwemuchina werake unorema kwakabatana zvakananga nemaitiro anotariswa ekugadzira muchina werake uye mhinduro yemuchina werake. Kuona kwenguva chaiyo uye mapuroteni ealarm otomatiki anotanga zviito zvekugadzirisa nekukurumidza—kuwedzera mwero wepombi inoyerera, kugadzirisa dosage yeflocculant, kana kuchinja nzvimbo yekusimudza muchina werake kudzivirira zviitiko zvakakosha.
Kugadzirisa huwandu hwezvinhu zvine mafuta akawanda mumigodhi ndeimwe nzira yekuzvidzora otomatiki. Masisitimu epamusoro anoshandisa mhinduro dzinogara dzichishandiswa kugadzirisa polyelectrolyte dosage optimization mumigodhi, zvichipa mvura yemhando yepamusoro yekudzorera mvura uye kuderedza mari yekudzokorora mvura mumigodhi. Kudzora kunotungamirirwa nedata kunochengetedza mashandiro mukati mekuchinja-chinja kwemaitiro, kutsigira kuongororwa kwemaitiro ezvicherwa uye kuedza kugadzirisa.
Kubatanidzwa kwedata renguva chaiyo kwakakosha pakudzora thickener thickener. Mapuratifomu otomatiki anobata data re sensor rine latency yakaderera, richiisa muhurongwa hwekudzora hunokwanisa kufanotaura kwenguva pfupi uye kupindura nekukurumidza kuzviitiko zvisina kujairika. Semuenzaniso, kufungidzira kwekufungidzira kuchishandisa settled interface level, underflow concentration, uye mud pressure zvinotsigira kuona kwekutanga kwezviitiko zve thickener uye zvinobvumira otomatiki, zvakanangana nezvirongwa zvisati zvatyorwa. Kubatanidzwa kwe density meter calibration yeindasitiri yemigodhi uye sensor-driven event logging kunogonesa kuvandudzwa kuri kuitwa kwe plantwide thickener automation systems, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera matanho ekuchengetedza thickener uye mhedzisiro yekushanda mu complex mineral processing plants.
Pamwe chete, nzira idzi dzepamusoro dzinogadzira hurongwa hwakasimba hwekuvandudza mashandiro emvura, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa mvura, uye kudzivirira njodzi dzakadai sekusunga marara mumabasa ekugadzira zvinhu zvemaindasitiri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzepolymetallic lead-zinc.
Chinokora--uko zvinhu zvinosanganisa maflocculant zvinonyanya kushandiswa
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Kudzivirira Kusunga, Kubatwa, uye Kutakura Zvakawandisa
Nzira Dzinokonzera Kusunga uye Kuremerwa kweRake
Mumigodhi ye polymetallic lead ne zinc, maindasitiri anogocha anoshandisa nzira dzemareki kuti aparadzanise zvinobudirira uye abvise mvura. Kusunga mareki kunoitika kana maoko ereki akasangana nekusagadzikana kwakanyanya—kazhinji kubva pakuunganidzwa kwezvinhu pamubhedha we thickener kana pedyo nenzvimbo inoburitswa. Kuwanda kwemareki kunoreva masimba anopfuura miganhu yekugadzira, zvichiita kuti chikamu chisashande zvakanaka.
Kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu—kunokonzerwa nekukwira kamwe kamwe kwezvikafu zvesimbi, kudzora kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura, kana kuverenga zvisina kunaka kwehuwandu hweflocculant—kunowedzera zvakanyanya kudhonzwa kwehydraulic uye kushushikana kwemuchina pamaoko nemadhiraivha erake. Mamodheru eComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) neFinite Element Analysis (FEA) anosimbisa kuti sludge rheology, thickener geometry, feed rates, uye kumhanya kwerake zvese zvakakosha: shanduko dzinokurumidza dzinokurumidza njodzi yekuvharika. Semuenzaniso, mu deep cone thickeners dzinobata lead zinc ore beneficiation, low optimized solids feed uye flocculant overdose zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinokonzera zviitiko zvekusunga uye overload. Ruzivo rwemunda kubva kuChina lead-zinc operations runosimbisa njodzi idzi uye runoratidza mabhenefiti ekuvandudzwa kwedhizaini yerake yesimbi uye mashandiro.
Zviratidzo Zvekunyevera Pakutanga uye Mhinduro Dzekutarisa Munguva Chaiyo
Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuyedza kwe "rake torque excursions" zvinowanzo sanganisira kuwedzera nekukurumidza kwe "drive torque", kuchinja-chinja kwemazinga e "mud bed", uye kuderera kwekumhanya kwe "rake". Mhinduro dzekutarisa dzenguva chaiyo dzinoshandisa "automated torque" uye "drag measurement systems", "statistical pattern recognition", uye "physical modelling" ne "self-calibrating FEA". Masisitimu e "inline sensor" epamusoro, akadai seLonnmeter industrial density meters", anopa mhinduro dzinoramba dzichienderera mberi pamusoro pe "underflow density" uye "mud bed" hunhu, izvo zvinogona kuratidza kuti "inotanga overload" kana "binding".
Mamodheru ekudzidza muchina anogadzira ruzivo rwekuzununguka kwemvura uye ruzivo rwekushanda kuti varatidze torque yerake isina kunaka nguva refu vasati vakundikana—kusvika maminetsi akati wandei pachine nguva. Vashandi vanogona kupindura nekugadzirisa madosi epolyelectrolyte, kugadzirisa mamiriro ekudya, kana kuita kuchengetedza kwekudzivirira. Zvirongwa zvekudzora otomatiki zvinosanganisa kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemhepo nekutarisa torque zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinoderedza kuvharwa kwenjodzi uye kudzivirira njodzi dzerake mukugadzirisa mineral processing plant.
Zvirongwa zveKugadzirisa uye Maitiro Ekushanda
Kuti zvidzivise kutadza kwemuchina uye kuti nguva yekugocha iwedzere, hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hunofanirwa kutarisana nekutarisa nguva dzose maoko emuchina, zvitima zvekutyaira, uye michina yekuyera torque. Kuchengetedza zvinyorwa zvekufamba kwetorque kwakaonekwa, kutenderera kwemafuta, uye kuyera density meter yeindasitiri yemigodhi kwakakosha.
Maitiro ekushanda anofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti:
- Kuongororwa kwakarongwa kwekutorwa kwemasampuru emvura uye kuongororwa kwekuwanda kwezvinhu zvakaoma.
- Kuongororwa nguva dzose kwenzvimbo inosvikika uye huwandu hwevhu kuti pave nekudzora huwandu hwemvura inoyerera panguva yakakodzera.
- Kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kuyedzwa kwebasa kwema inline density meter systems akadai seLonnmeter.
Kutevedzera nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuchengetedza thickener — kusanganisira kunyora zvakadzama matanho ekudzivirira uye kupindura nekukurumidza kune zviziviso zvekutarisa — zvinoratidza kuvandudzika kukuru pamusoro pemaitiro ekugadzirisa anotarisana nezviitiko zvekuputsika. Matanho aya anotsigira zvakananga matanho ekuchengetedza thickener uye anoderedza njodzi yekutora mari yakawanda.
Mabhenefiti eKudzora Zvinobudirira
Kudzora zvinhu zvine chekuita nekushanda nesimba muzvikamu zvinogocha simbi kunodzivirira kubatwa nemarara akaipisisa uye kunobatsira kugadziriswa kwezvicherwa zvakachengeteka nekushandisa maparamita ekushanda zvakanaka nguva dzose. Mhinduro dzinowanikwa panguva chaiyo—kunyanya kana dzakabatana nehurongwa hwehunyanzvi hwekudzora—dzinochengetedza zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita se torque yemarara, huwandu hwemvura inoyerera, uye huwandu hwematope mukati memiganhu yakachengeteka.
Mienzaniso kubva muongororo dzezvicherwa uye masisitimu ekugadzira otomatiki anoratidza:
- Kudzikira kukuru kwekushanda zvisina kurongwa mushure mekushandiswa kwehurongwa hwekudzora hunyanzvi.
- Kugadzikana kwemaitiro kwakawedzerwa kuburikidza nekutarisa kuzara kwemafuta akasimba uye kugadzirisa kwakasimba kwe flocculant ne polyelectrolyte dosage.
- Kupera kwekushandiswa kwemichina uye kuwanda kwemidziyo kunoderedza, zvichibatsira nguva refu yekushanda uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina unogocha.
Pakupedzisira, nzira dzekugadzirisa zvinhu—kubva pakubatanidza otomatiki kusvika pakuronga kugadzirisa zvinhu—dzinopa dziviriro yakasimba yekuwedzera mari yeraki uku dzichiramba dzichitevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedzwa kweindasitiri uye mashandiro ayo.
Kuongororwa kweMaitiro eZvicherwa uye Kugadzirisa Mashandiro Azvo
Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ezvicherwa mumigodhi yepolymetallic lead ne zinc kunotarisa pakuongorora kwakazara kwekushanda kweindustrial thickener, zvichisimbisa kunaka kwemvura inoyerera uye mashandiro eraki. Kuongororwa uku kunoshandisa kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwe hydraulic parameters - dzakadai se feed flux, rise rate, uye bed depth - ukuwo vachiisa pamberi key performance indicators (KPIs) senge underflow density, solids concentration, rake torque, uye force profiles. Kudzora zvakanyanya pamusoro pezvinhu izvi kwakakosha kudzivirira mud-bed ratholing, blockages, uye mechanical failures kusanganisira rake binding kana rake seizure.
Ongororo Dzakarongwa: Hydraulic uye Mechanical Focus
Ongororo dzinowanzo sanganisira ongororo dzakaitwa nematanho:
- Kushanda kwemvura inoyerera kunoongororwa kuburikidza nekuyera kuyerera kwemvura, kutarisa kujeka kwemvura inoyerera, uye kutevedzera mwero wekudonha kwemvura.
- Kuongororwa kweRake thickener kunoongorora ma torque curves, maitiro ekumanikidzwa kwemuchina, uye ma profiles ekupfeka, kazhinji vachishandisa modelling yepamusoro senge Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations kufanotaura kugoverwa kwemutoro uye kuona nzvimbo dzine njodzi dzekudzivirira kuwanda kwerake uye tsaona dzekubatanidza.
- Kuongororwa kwehunhu hwemvura isina kuyerera kunoenderana nekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyerera uchishandisa ma industrial density meters akaita seLonnmeter, zvichigonesa kuongororwa panguva chaiyo. Kuongororwa kwehunhu hwemvura inoyerera muindasitiri yemigodhi kunoita kuti pave nekuverengwa kwakavimbika kwemvura inoyerera, zvichitsigira kudzora kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera muinjini.
Kuongorora Maitiro Ekuita Kuenzanisa Kwekushanda uye Kuona Bottleneck
Kuongorora maitiro anoshandiswa nedata kwave chinhu chikuru chekuongorora mashandiro e thickener munzvimbo dze polymetallic mining.
- Kuenderera mberi kwedata remaitikiro ekuita kunoongororwa kuti uone mafambiro ehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera pasi pemvura, kuverenga kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera, kubuda kwepombi, uye mitoro yemakanika.
- Kuenzanisa kunosanganisira kusimbisa mamodheru eComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) zvichienderana nemazinga ekugadzirisa akaonekwa uye mhedzisiro yekubvisa mvura, zvichiratidza zvipingamupinyi zvakaita sekuchinja kwehuwandu hwezvikafu kana kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwe reagent.
- Nzira dzekuchera matongo dzinoongorora zvipingamupinyi zvekushanda kwemari, dzinoongorora mwero wekushandiswa kwemari, uye dzinobatanidza matambudziko ekubvisa mari inopinda mumari ...
Mienzaniso yezviitiko inoratidza kuti mushure mekuongororwa kwemaitiro akanangwa, mafekitori akaona:
- Kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasimba pasinei nekusiyana kwechikafu.
- Kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kweflocculant—kudzikira kwe16% mukuongororwa kwakawanda.
- Kudzikira kweavhareji ye torque yemuchina wekugadzira mota neanopfuura 18%, zvichikonzera kudzimwa kushoma kwekugadzirisa uye kuwedzera kwenguva yekushanda.
Maitiro Ekuvandudza Zvinoramba Zvichienderera Mberi: Kugadzirisa Chipimo, Kubvisa, uye Nzira dzeRake
Kuvandudza maitiro ekudzokorora kwakakosha pamatanho ekuchengetedza uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina wekukora:
- Kuyerwa kweFlocculant kunogadziriswa kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwerabhoritari uye kuyedzwa kwemunda, zvichienzanisa kumhanya kwesedimentation nefloc density kuburikidza ne polyelectrolyte dosage optimization inoenderana nemaitiro ekuwedzera lead zinc ore.
- Mwero wekubviswa kwemvura pasi pemvura unochinjika nenzira inochinja-chinja uchishandisa mapombi ekushandura mafrequency uye masisitimu ekudzora akavakirwa pamuenzaniso. PID kana kuti model predictive logic inobatanidza mhinduro dze sensor—sedata reLonnmeter real-time density—kuti irambe iine huwandu hwakakwana hwemvura pasi pemvura.
- Maitiro eRake anonatswa nekushandisa ma adaptive controls achishandisa mhinduro dzinobva ku sensor. Semuenzaniso, FSI neCFD-FEA modeling guide management schedule uye kuvandudzwa kwe thickener rake design. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuwanda kwemarake uye kusungana, zvichitsigira kushanda kwakasimba kwenguva refu.
Maitiro ekuvandudza nguva dzose anosanganisirawo nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuchengetedza thickener nguva dzose:
- Kuongororwa kwakarongwa kwezvikamu zvemakanika uye masisitimu ekudzora.
- Kuenzanisa kwemidziyo iri mukati uye mita dzehuwandu hwezvinhu kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvakasimba zviri kutariswa nemazvo.
- Ongorora uye gadzirisa masisitimu e-thickener automation, uchienzanisa data remasensa nemaitiro ekushanda kuti uderedze njodzi dzetsaona.
Maitiro aya akabatanidzwa—kuongorora, ongororo, uye kudzora nguva nenguva—anogonesa kugadzirisa michina yekugadzira zvicherwa, kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina wekuomesa, uye kuderedza njodzi dzinodhura. Kutarisa nguva chaiyo uye kuvandudzwa kwakarongeka kunotsigira kudzoreredzwa kwezviwanikwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemvura, zvichigadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana emigodhi yepolymetallic lead ne zinc.
Kuwedzera Kushanda Kwekubvisa Mvura Uye Kubudirira Kwehupfumi
Kuenzanisa huwandu hwemvura inoyerera mu thickener nemagetsi uye mari ye reagent ndicho chinhu chikuru pakubvisa mvura mu mine. Mumigodhi ye polymetallic lead ne zinc, kuisa zvinangwa zvehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera mu mine kwakakosha nekuti kunosarudza zvakananga kushandiswa kwesimba rekupomba uye kushandiswa kwe flocculant. Kuwedzera huwandu hwemvura yakawandisa kunowedzera slurry viscosity uye goho, zvichiwedzera zvinodiwa zvepombi uye kupera kwemuchina. Kusiyana neizvi, huwandu husina kushanda zvakanaka hunokonzera kubata mvura zvakanyanya, zvichida mwero wepamusoro wekupomba uye reagent dosing yakawanda kuti irambe yakagadzikana uye yakagadzikana. Nzira inotungamirirwa nedata, ichibatanidza kuongororwa kwekushanda kwemiti uye mamodheru ekugadzirisa, inobvumira kusarudzwa kwakanyatsonaka kwezvinangwa zvinoenderana nematanho ekutakura nemidziyo uku ichideredza mutengo wese.
Maitiro ekushanda mumaindasitiri ekugadzira simbi dzinofanira kukurudzira kudzoreredzwa kwemvura zvine simba, zvichienzanisa kuchengetedzeka, kubuda kwemvura, uye kuchengetedza simbi dzinoita kuti mvura irambe yakachena. Kune vanogadzira simbi dzine huwandu hwakawanda kana kuti dzakapfava, kudzora nekungwarira maverengerwo emvura dzinoita kuti irambe yakachena uye kugadzirisa polyelectrolyte kwakakosha. Kuisa reagent dosing, inofananidzwa nenguva chaiyo kuti ipe mvura yakawanda, kunoita kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwakasimba kwemvura isina kunyanyisa uye nokudaro kudzivirira kuwedzera kwemari yekushanda kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa mvura. Mabasa emazuva ano anovimba nemasystem ekugadzira simbi dzinoita kuti mvura irambe yakachena—achishandisa inline density measurement (nemidziyo yakavimbika yakaita seMita yeLonnmeter yehuwandu hwemaindasitiri) uye kuyera huwandu hwemamita ekuwedzera hunoenderana nemamiriro eindasitiri yemigodhi. Kudzora uku kwakasimba kunoita kuti huwandu hwemamita ekuwedzera hurambe hwakafanana uye kunoita kuti mhinduro ikurumidze kudzoserwa kwehuwandu hwemamita ekuwedzera, zvichideredza zvikuru njodzi dzekuwanda kwematake, tsaona dzekubatanidza matake, uye kubata matake. Kugadzira uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ematake ekuwedzera kunodiwawo kudzivirira kumiswa uye njodzi dzekuchengetedza, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mhepo yakawanda.
Mabhenefiti ehuwandu hwekugadzirisa thickener akakosha pakugadzirisa mineral processing plant uye maitiro ekuvandudza lead zinc ore. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidzwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zve zinc-lead zvinoratidza kuti kutarisa kuzara kwe solids uye kutarisa kuzara kwe thickener underflow density zvinowana kugadzikana mukati me2-3% yekugadzirwa, nekuchengetedza flocculant kwe10-20% uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba kusvika ku15% pakupomba tailings. Kugadzikana kwemaitiro kwakavandudzwa kunogonesa kupinza kwakanyanya kwemiti pasina kukanganisa zvinangwa zvekuchengetedza kana kudzoreredza mvura. Kuyera density inline uye masisitimu ekudzora nyanzvi anopa mhinduro chaiyo panguva chaiyo yekuvandudza flocculant dosage mumigodhi, zvichitsigira manejimendi yakasimba ye reagent uye kukanganiswa kushoma kwemaitiro. Kuwedzera kwekudzoreredza mvura kunobatsira zvakananga mukuderedza kudyiwa kwemvura yakachena uye kuderera kwetsoka dze tailings, zvichivandudza kutevedzera mitemo uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinorema zvakanyungudutswa hakungogadzirisi kuvimbika kwekushanda asiwo kunoderedza mari inoshandiswa pakushanda, zvichiwedzera purofiti panzvimbo. Kudzora otomatiki kunoita kuti kuchinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zviome - zvichikonzera mwero wakadzikama wekuburitsa mvura, kuderedzwa kwedosi, uye kudzokororwa kwemvura yakawanda. Kubudirira uku kunowedzera kuburikidza nemagetsi, reagent, uye mari yemvura, zvichisimbisa zvakananga mashandiro ehupfumi hwezvinhu zvinorema zvemaindasitiri munzvimbo dzemugodhi we polymetallic lead-zinc.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Chii chinonyanya kukosha chinoshandiswa nechinhu chinosimbisa simbi mumigodhi ye polymetallic lead ne zinc?
Muchina wekugocha weindasitiri uri mumugodhi we polymetallic lead-zinc unoparadzanisa mvura nezvinhu zvakaoma zviri mumarara ekugadzirisa zvicherwa. Basa rawo guru nderekuwedzera kudzoreredzwa kwemvura uye kuwedzera zvinhu zvakasimba kuburikidza ne gravity sedimentation. Kuyerera kwacho kwakakora kunoenda pakurasa tsvina kana kuwedzera kunatswa, nepo kuyerera kwacho kwakacheneswa kuchidzokororwa semvura ye process. Izvi zvinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa uye zvinobatsira kutevedzera miganhu yekuburitsa mvura munzvimbo.
Kudzora kwemuchina wekukora wehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera kunodzivirira sei tsaona dzekubatanidza maraki?
Kusunga rake rinokora kunoitika kana huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasimba hwakwira zvakanyanya, zvichiwedzera resistance uye torque panzira yekukweva rake. Kudzora nguva chaiyo pamusoro pehuwandu hwezvinhu zvisingafambi—uchishandisa online density meters uye automation systems—kunoita kuti zvinhu zvakasimba zvisaungane zvakanyanya, izvo zvinochengetedza torque mukati memiganhu yakachengeteka. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kukundikana kwemakanika, kubata rake, uye nguva inodhura yekushanda. Masisitimu ekudzora, akadai sePID controllers uye frequency converters, anogadzirisa nekukurumidza mwero wekukweva kwemvura kuti arambe aine huwandu hwakakwana uye kudzivirira kuvharika kwemuviri.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa maverengerwo emuyero we flocculant mu thickeners dzerake?
Chiyero cheFlocculant chinokanganiswa nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana:
- Hunhu hwechikafu: Hunhu hwezvinhu zvakaoma uye kuumbwa kwemaminerari zvinosarudza kuti ingani flocculant inodiwa kuti zvidimbu zviunganidzwe zvakanaka.
- Kuyerera kwemvura ine madhaka: Kuyerera kwakanyanya kunogona kuda kuti mvura iwedzere kuyerera kuti iite sedimentation nekukurumidza.
- Kuwanda kwemvura inodiwa: Kuwanda kwemvura inodiwa kunokanganisa simba rekuunganidza mvura uye mwero wekugadzikana kwemvura.
- Rudzi rwesimbi uye musanganiswa: Masimbi esimbi ane lead-zinc anoita zvakasiyana nemafuta esimbi ane imwe chete.
- Mhinduro chaiyo: Zvekushandisa zvepamberi zvinoshandisa kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu kuti zvigadzirise huwandu hwezvinhu sezvo mamiriro ekudya achichinja.
Kugadzirisa zvinhu kunodzivirira kuwanda kwemishonga, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kuwanda kwemvura inoyerera uye kuwedzera mitengo yemakemikari. Kuverenga kwakavimbika kwemuyero kunoda kutarisisa kuyerera kwemvura nekuwanda kwayo, senge ma dual density meters kana ma FBRM systems.
Chii chinonzi mineral process audits uye zvinobatsira sei kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kwe thickener?
Kuongorora maitiro ezvicherwa kunoongorora mashandiro emuchina wekuomesa zvinhu—kuongorora mashandiro emuchina wekuomesa zvinhu, maitiro emuchina wekuomesa zvinhu, uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo. Kuongorora uku kunoshandisa ongororo dziri panzvimbo yacho uye maturusi ekuongorora (semuenzaniso, XRF, XRD) kuti vaone kusashanda zvakanaka, kutonga kusina kunaka, kana matambudziko emuchina. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuvandudzwa kunogona kuitwa: huwandu hwakanyanya hwemvura iri pasi pemvura, mwero wekubvisa mvura uri nani, kushandiswa kwemvura shoma, uye kuchengetedzeka kuri nani (kuderedza njodzi yekubatanidza muchina wekuomesa zvinhu). Kuongorora nguva dzose kunovimbisawo kutevedzera mitemo yepamutemo uye kunotsigira nzira dzakabatanidzwa dzekugadzirisa mineral processing plant.
Sei kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemukati kwakakosha pakudzora polymetallic thickener?
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemukati kunopa kutarisa kwakarurama uye kunogara kuripo kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvine slurry panzvimbo dzakakosha mu thickener. Mamita ehuwandu hwezvinhu otomatiki, akadai se "Lonnmeter" modhi, anopa data rechokwadi kuma process control systems. Izvi zvinogonesa kugadzirisa nekukurumidza mwero wepombi uye ma flocculant doses, zvichichengetedza pasi pemvura uye zvinangwa zvekupfuura. Masisitimu emukati anopa mhinduro nekukurumidza kune kuchinja kwehunhu hwekudya, kudzivirira kuwanda kweraki uye kuderedza kusakara kwemuchina. Mugumisiro wacho kushanda kwakachengeteka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kudzoreredzwa kwemvura kwakavimbika, kunyanya mumigodhi ye polymetallic lead-zinc uko kuchinja kwekudya kwakajairika.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-25-2025
