Kuyera kuyerera kwemvura mugwara chinhu chakakosha pakufambisa kwakachengeteka uye kunotevedzera mitemo yemakemikari ane njodzi senge sulfuric acid pamatangi emakemikari. Inopa ruzivo rwekuyerera rwakarurama uye rwakachengeteka panguva chaiyo kudzivirira kuzadza zvakanyanya, kudururwa kwemvura uye kusvibiswa, inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemutemo zvinosanganisira IMO neMARPOL, uye inobvumira kutamiswa kwakanyatsonaka kwekuchengetedzwa kwemvura. Mamita eLonnmeter Coriolis anopa kuvimbika kusingaenzaniswi, achibatanidzwa zvakanaka ne shipboard automation kuderedza kukanganisa kwevanhu uye njodzi dzekushanda.
Nhanganyaya yekubata Sulfuric Acid muMarine Transportation
Sulfuric acid ikemikari inokosha mumaindasitiri, ichitungamira maitiro makuru mukugadzira fetereza, kugadzira makemikari, kunatswa kwepetroleum, uye kugadzirisa simbi. Kukosha kwayo kunosvika pakugadzirwa kwemabhatiri, kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba, uye chikamu chemachira, zvichisimbisa chinzvimbo chesulfuric acid seimwe yemakemikari emvura anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye anotakurwa pasi rose.
Matangi eMakemikari
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Nekuda kwesimba rayo guru rekuparadza uye hunhu hwayo hune njodzi, ngarava dzematangi emakemikari emugungwa dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakatsaurirwa kuti dzitakure sulfuric acid yakachengeteka. Matangi anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvedzeri ine alloy yakawanda kana kuti akafukidzwa nejira rakasiyana-siyana senge titanium, zvichiita kuti dzisarwiswe neacid uye dzitevedzere mitemo yepasi rose. Magadzirirwo maviri-hull, maburi emhepo akasimba, masisitimu ekupomba akaparadzaniswa, uye network dzekudziya/kutonhodza zvinhu zvakajairwa zvinosimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwematangi emakemikari uye kuvimbika kwekushanda. Hurongwa hwemitemo hweInternational Maritime Organization (IMO), kusanganisira International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) code uye MARPOL, hunorayirawo mwero wepamusoro wekugadzira matangi emakemikari emugungwa, kugona kwevashandi, uye kugadzirira emergency.
Kutakurwa kwesulfuric acid mugungwa kunosangana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Kuyera kuyerera kwesulfuric acid nenzira chaiyo panguva yekutakurwa, kufambiswa, uye kuburitswa kwezvinhu kwakakosha kudzivirira kuzadza zvakawandisa, kuderedza njodzi dzekudururwa kwemvura, uye kufunga nezvekuchengetwa kwemidziyo. Hunhu hwesulfuric acid hunokuvadza zvakanyanya uye hwakakomba hunoda kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yepamusoro yemuchina wemvura - michina yekuyera kuyerera kwemvura yechinyakare haina kukodzera, sezvo inokurumidza kuora kana kurasikirwa nekugadziriswa. Coriolis mass flowmeter nedzimwe mass flowmeter dzemakemikari dzinopa kushanda kwakasimba munzvimbo idzi, dzichipa data rekuyerera kwemvura zvakananga risingakanganiswi nekuchinja kwekushisa, density, kana acid concentration.
Kuyera mafambiro emvura muchikepe kunoshanda senzira yemazuva ano yekuyera mafambiro emvura mugungwa. Mamita ekuyerera emvura esulfuric acid akabatanidzwa, akadai semamita ekuyerera kwemakemikari emvura akavakirwa patekinoroji yekufamba kwemvura yecoriolis, anogara achitarisa uye achitumira data rekuyera mafambiro emvura yesulfuric acid panguva chaiyo kunzvimbo dzekudzora nhumbi dzechikepe. Masisitimu aya anotsigira kutarisa mafambiro emvura yesulfuric acid nenzira chaiyo yekutevera zvinhu, kuona kubuda kwemvura, uye kugadzirisa maitiro, zvichiita kuti vafambisi vechikepe vagare vakachengeteka uye kutakurwa kwemidziyo yemugungwa kwakanaka. Masisitimu ekuyera mafambiro emvura akavimbika anobvumira vashandi kuti vaone kuti zvinhu zvinotakura/kuburitsa zvinhu zviri muchikepe zvinokwana uye vasangane nezvinodiwa nemitemo yekubika uku vachideredza njodzi dzekugadzirisa.
Kushandisa tekinoroji yemuchina wekufamba kwemvura unoshanda zvakanyanya—kunyanya zvishandiso zviri mumutsara zvakaita seLonnmeter inline density meter kana inline viscosity meter—ndiyo nzira huru yekuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekutakura ngarava dzemakemikari. Kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemidziyo yekuyera kuyerera kwesulfuric acid hakungotsigiri kushanda zvakanaka chete asiwo kunosimbisa nzira dzakakwana dzekuchengetedza ngarava dzemakemikari dzinodiwa pakubata makemikari ane njodzi mugungwa.
Pfungwa Dzinokosha Dzekugadzira Matangi Emakemikari Anotakura Sulfuric Acid
Kutumirwa kwe sulfuric acid mungarava dzemakemikari kunoda musanganiswa wakasimba wekuvakwa kwematangi kwakanyatsogadzirwa, kupatsanurwa kwepamusoro-soro, kufambiswa kwekutakura zvinhu nemazvo, uye kubatanidzwa zvakanaka kwenzira dzekuchengetedza nekuyera.
Kuvaka Matangi Akakosha: Maumbirwo Ane Matumbu Maviri uye Mapeti Anodzivirira Kuora
Matangi emvura emazuva ano emakemikari anotakura sulfuric acid anoshandisa chimiro chine mativi maviri, izvo zvinogadzira mativi maviri asingapindi mvura anoparadzanisa zvinhu kubva munzvimbo dzemugungwa. Izvi zvinoderedza zvikuru njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza kana chikamu chekunze chengarava chikakuvara—chinhu chakakosha pakutakura zvinhu mugungwa zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya.
Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvetangi kunotsamira pahunhu hwe sulfuric acid. Matangi anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi dzisina ngura dzemhando yepamusoro dzakadai se316L ne904L, kana titanium kuti dzirambe dzakasimba. Kana simbi dzisina ngura kana titanium zvisingakwanisike muhupfumi, matangi esimbi asina ngura anodzivirirwa nejira repamusoro rinodzivirira ngura. Magirazi-flake akasimbiswa vinyl ester anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuti agare kwenguva refu uye apinde mvura shoma, zvichipa dziviriro inosvika makore gumi muzvidzidzo zvemumunda.Kuputira kwepolymer yehybrid, kusanganisa mamorekuru eorganic neinorganic, zviri kuramba zvichitsanangurwa kuti zvienzane nekusachinjika nemakemikari, kunyanya kukosha pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anochinja-chinja ekutakura zvinhu. Maitiro ekushandisa anosanganisira kugadzirira pamusoro nekuputika kweabrasive uye kudzora nharaunda kuti ive nechokwadi chekunamatira uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kwezvipfeko izvi—kuburikidza nekuyera ukobvu, kuyedzwa kwemazororo, uye kuongororwa kwekunyudzwa—kunodzivirira kuora nguva isati yakwana, kupwanyika kwesimbi, kana kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina, zvese izvi zvakakonzera njodzi huru dzekushanda uye mari yekugadzirisa.
Maitiro Ekuparadzanisa uye Kudzivirira Kusvibiswa Kwemuviri
Masisitimu ekuparadzanisa akakosha pakufambisa zvinhu mugungwa. Matangi ekutakura zvinhu akakamurwa nemapombi akazvimiririra, mavharuvhu, uye nzira dzekuburitsa mweya, zvichiita kuti mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari, kusanganisira simba rakasiyana-siyana uye huwandu hwesulfuric acid, dzisasanganiswe panguva yekutumira. Masisitimu e ballast akaparadzaniswa uye mitsetse yekutakura zvinhu yakazvimiririra yetangi rega rega inodzivirira kusvibiswa netsaona kana kudzokera shure, zvichichengetedza kuchena kwemakemikari uye nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzekubata.
Masisitimu ekuchenesa matangi epamusoro, anoshandisa mvura inopisa ine simba rakawanda kana masprays emakemikari, akakosha mushure merwendo rwega rwega kubvisa chero acid yasara uye kuvimbisa kusimba kwetangi pamitoro inotevera. Kukundikana kwekuparadzanisa kana kuchenesa masisitimu, munguva yakapfuura, kwakakonzera kusangana kwemakemikari ane njodzi uye matambudziko makuru ekuchenesa.
Masisitimu ekupomba nekutakura zvinhu zvemvura dzinoparadza zvakanyanya
Masisitimu ekupomba emhando yepamusoro pamatangi emakemikari emugungwa akagadzirwa kuti agone kutsungirira nguva refu kukanganiswa nesulfuric acid. Mapombi ekutakura zvinhu, anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvedzeri kana kuti akafukidzwa nezvinhu zvinoenderana, akagadzirirwa kudzora mhepo ine simba isina kukanganiswa nechimiro. Mapombi aya anobatsira kurodha zvinhu nekuburitsa zvinhu panguva yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa.
Mapaipi ekufambisa anogadzirwa nesimbi dzisingakanganise ngura kana kuti anodzivirirwa netambo dzakasanganiswa. Mapaipi ane flanged anoshandisa magasket anodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, akadai sePTFE, kuchengetedza kusimba kwesystem panguva yekuchinja. Mapaipi ese, mavharuvhu, nemapombi anowanzo ongororwa kuti aone kana paine mvura inobuda here kana kuti haana kunaka.
Zvishandiso Zvinokosha Zvekuchengetedza uye Kubatanidzwa Nemasisitimu Ekuyera
Kuchengetedzeka kwengarava dzemakemikari kunoenderana nekubatanidzwa kwemasisitimu ekuyera nekutarisa nemazvo nemidziyo yekuchengetedza yechinyakare. Masensa ekuona zvakawandisa, tembiricha uye kudzvanywa, uye masisitimu ekudzima emergency ndizvo zvakajairika. Izvi zvinowedzerwa nemamita ekuyerera kwesulfuric acid uye mhinduro dzepamusoro dzemarine flow metering kuti zvipe kuyerwa kwerufuric acid flow uye kutarisa kuyerera kwemvura panguva chaiyo yekubata zvinhu.
Coriolis mass flowmeteTekinoroji yeR inofarirwa pakuyera kuyerera kwemvura muchikepe nekuda kwekuyera kwayo kwakananga uye kwakarurama kwekuyerera kwehuwandu uye huwandu hwezvinhu—zvakakosha pakutevera mwero wekutamiswa kweasidhi yesulfuric uye kusimbisa huwandu hwezvinhu zvinotakura. Mita dzeLonnmeter dzeinline density uye viscosity dzinogona kubatanidzwa panzvimbo dzakakosha dzekutamiswa, zvichipa mamwe matanho ekusimbisa maitiro uye kudzivirira zviitiko. Izvi zvishandiso zvekuyera zvinogonesa vashandisi kuita kuyera kuyerera kweasidhi yesulfuric nguva dzose vachitevedzera mitemo, kuchengetedza vashandi kuburikidza nekuita kuti alarm ishande nenguva, uye kugadzirisa.chiyero chemakemikari chekufambisa maitikirodata rekubhadhara uye kutarisira zvinhu zviri mudura.
Network yakakwana yekuchengetedza inosanganisirawo mayuniti ekuona gasi, michina yekudzivirira yemhando yepamusoro, kugona kudzima moto kwakagadzika uye kunotakurika, uye masisitimu egasi asina simba ekurwisa kuburitswa kwemhepo netsaona kana kuita zvinhu. Kubatanidzwa kwekutarisa kuyerera kwemvura nehurongwa hweinjiniya uye nzira dzekudzima nekukurumidza kunoita kuti njodzi dzirambe dzichikurumidza, kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi uye zvakatipoteredza zvemugungwa panguva yekutumirwa kwesulfuric acid mumatangi emakemikari.
Tekinoroji yekuyera kuyerera mumatangi emakemikari
Basa reSulfuric Acid Flow Meters
Kuyera kuyerera kwe sulfuric acid nemazvo, nguva dzose, uye panguva chaiyo ndiko kunokosha pakuchengetedzeka kwe tangi remakemikari uye kushanda kwaro. Kutamiswa kwe sulfuric acid pamatangi emakemikari emugungwa kunoda kuyera nekutarisa kwakanyatsonaka kudzivirira kuzadzwa kwakawanda, kudonha kwemvura, kana kuita zvisingadzoreki. Kusashanda zvakanaka kunogona kukonzera njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza kana kukuvara kunodhura kumasisitimu engarava.
Mhando dzemichina yekuyera mafambiro emvura yesulfuric acid dzinoshandiswa pamakemikari dzinosanganisira positive displacement meters, electromagnetic flowmeters, uye Coriolis mass flowmeters. Positive displacement meters dzinosangana nematambudziko neslurry kana viscous acids. Electromagnetic flowmeters dzinoda conductive fluids asi dzinogona kushaya kururama panguva yekuchinja kwenzvimbo kana tembiricha yengarava yakwira.
Kuora kwakanyanya kwesulfuric acid kunoderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwemamita mazhinji echinyakare. Kuchinja-chinja kwehunhu hwemvura inoyerera, kuwanda kwayo, uye tembiricha, zvichikonzera kumanikidzwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zvakananga kune vanhu vakadaro vane hukasha. Kufamba-famba kwenguva refu uye kudedera kwematangi kunodawo mamita akasimba anokwanisa kutarisa kuyerera kwesulfuric acid munguva chaiyo.
Chiyero cheCoriolis Mass Flowmeter: Mhinduro Inodiwa
Ma "flowmeters" eCoriolis anoshandisa "Coriolis effect". Sezvo sulfuric acid ichiyerera nema "vibrating sensor tubes", "flowing mass" inokonzera "phase shift" mu "tube vibration". "Phase shift" iyi inoenderana ne "mass flow rate". Ma "embedded sensors" anoramba achitevera nguva iyi kuti ape kuverenga kwakananga kwe "mass flow", asingakanganisirwi ne "shifting viscosity", "density", kana "tembiricha".
Kuyerwa kwekuyerera kwesulfuric acid munguva chaiyo kunobatsirawo kubva pakugona kweCoriolis meter multi-parameter. Setup imwecheteyo ye sensor inoyera kuyerera kwehukuru, huwandu, uye tembiricha panguva imwe chete. Pamatangi emakemikari egungwa, izvi zvinoreva kuti mudziyo mumwe chete unogona kutsigira kutarisa kuyerera kwesulfuric acid, kutarisa huwandu, uye maalamu ekupisa, zvese mukati mekuisa kamwe chete.
Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mugungwa, tekinoroji yeCoriolis flowmeter inotsungirira matambudziko esulfuric acid zvakanyanya. Apo electromagnetic metres inogona kunyengedzwa nekuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwemhepo kana kuda kugadziriswazve, uye positive displacement metres inotambura nekurwiswa neacid uye kusvibiswa, magadzirirwo eCoriolis anobudirira nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwawo kwakabatana, kusingafambi-chikamu uye nzira yekuyera huremu zvakananga. Coriolis metres inoda kugadziriswa kushoma uye inoratidza kuramba kwakasimba kusvibiswa kana kuvharika.
Kungwarira uye maitiro akanakisa zvakakosha kuti zvinhu zvirambe zviripo. Mamita anofanira kugadzirwa nemidziyo inodzivirira acid—zvinhu zvakaita setantalum kana mamwe masimbi emhando yepamusoro zvakakosha kuti zvirambe zvichishanda kwenguva refu, kunyanya mumamiriro ekutakura zvinhu mugungwa. Masisitimu ekuyera kuyerera kwemvura ari mungarava anobatsirwa nekuiswa kwakanyatsogadzirwa kunoderedza kudedera uye kubvisa kushushikana kubva pakufamba kwengarava.
Kubatanidzwa mu shipboard automation kunobvumira Coriolis mass flowmeter kudzora acid dosing kana dilution, rutsigiromabasa ekuchengetedza zvivakwa, uye kuchengetedza magwaro edata ekutevera mitemo mukutakura zvinhu mugungwa. Kana akasarudzwa uye akaiswa nemazvo, mita idzi dzinoderedza zvakanyanya kubata nemaoko uye njodzi, dzichitsiva dzimwe nzira dzekare dze radiometric ne mechanical nemhinduro dzemarine flowmeter dzakarurama kune zvinodiwa nemakemikari process flowmeter.
Zvakanakira zveCoriolis mass flowmeters—kuvimbika, kururama, data rine maparameter akawanda, kuramba ngura, uye kushanda kweautomation—zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yekutanga yekutarisa kuyerera kwesulfuric acid pamatangi emakemikari. Kushandiswa kwawo kunowedzera kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda, kunoderedza kugadziriswa, uye kunoita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti zvinoenderana nekuchengetedzwa kwetangi remakemikari remugungwa uye zvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza.
Kuiswa uye Kugadziriswa kweMasisitimu eKuyera Kuyerera Kwemvura Ari Mubhodhi
Kuiswa kwemamita ekuyerera kweasidhi yesulfuric kwakakodzera kwakakosha pakuchengetedza ngarava dzematangi emakemikari, kururama mukutakura zvinhu mugungwa, uye kuvimbika kwekushanda. Tekinoroji yeCoriolis flowmeter, kunyanya, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusimba kwayo uye kunyatsogadzirisa mvura inoparadza senge sulfuric acid.
Nhungamiro dzeKuisa Kwakanaka
Kusarudza zvinhu zvakakosha pakuisa sulfuric acid flow meters pamatangi emakemikari emugungwa. Zvikamu zvese zvakanyoroveswa zvakasangana neacid, zvakaita semachubhu nemakamuri ekuyera, zvinofanirwa kushandisa zvinhu zvisingakanganise ngura zvakaita seHastelloy C-22, tantalum, kana high-performance PTFE liners. Simbi isingatsvedzeri yemhando yegungwa haina kukodzera sulfuric acid yakawanda, sezvo inogona kukurumidza kuora.
Mita yacho inofanira kuiswa painoramba yakazadzwa nemvura zvizere panguva dzese dzekushanda. Nzvimbo yacho inogona kunge yakatwasuka kana kuti yakatwasuka; nzvimbo dzakatwasuka dzinowanzo wedzera kuyerera kwemvura, nepo nzvimbo dzakatwasuka dzichigona kuderedza kushushikana kwemuchina. Sarudzo yacho inofanira kufunga nezvemarongerwo chaiwo ehurongwa hwekutakura zvinhu mugungwa uye nhungamiro dzezvigadzirwa zveLonnmeter. Nzvimbo yacho inofanira kudzivirira nzvimbo dzine kuzununguka kwakanyanya dzisina chekuita nekuyerera kwemagetsi, sezvo kuzununguka kwemapombi akarasika kunokanganisa kururama uye kugara kwenguva refu kwesensor.
Mapaipi ari pedyo anofanirawo kudzivirira ngura yesulfuric acid, kazhinji achishandisa PTFE-lined steel kana advanced FRP composites. Ma flow meter haafanirwe kuiswa pedyo nemapombi epombi kana pedyo nemavharuvhu, zvichideredza kuratidzwa kwe turbulent flows dzinogona kukanganisa kuyerwa kwe sulfuric acid flow. Ma brackets anotsigira uye nzira dzekuparadzanisa pombi dzinobatsira kudzivirira vibration transfer uye mechanical loads kuti dzisakanganisa mass flowmeter kuti makemikari ashande zvakanaka.
Kutarisira tembiricha kunokoshawo; mita inofanira kutsanangurwa kuti ionekwe kuti tembiricha yepamusoro inotarisirwa sei panguva yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa. Kuyera kumanikidzwa kunofanirwa kuenzana kana kupfuura kukwira kwepaipi—chinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza mashandiro ematangi emakemikari. Kutarisa mita yekuyerera kunofanirawo kubatsira pakubuda kwemvura zvakakwana uye kuchenesa, zvichideredza acid pooling iyo inokurumidza ngura.
Dziviriro yekuputika kwakakosha nekuda kwehunhu hune njodzi hwenzvimbo dzekutakura matangi ekutakura zvinhu nemakemikari. Mamita ekuyerera kweCoriolis anofanira kushandisa dzimba dzisingaputike kana waya dzakachengeteka, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa negungwa munzvimbo dzine njodzi. Mapaipi etambo asingapindi makemikari anodiwa, nehurongwa hwakarongeka kudzivirira kukuvara kubva mukuzunguzika kana kusangana nemakemikari. Kuisa ivhu nekubatana kwemagetsi kwakakodzera kunoderedza kuunganidza kwesimbi—njodzi huru panguva yekutamiswa kwesulfuric acid, zvichivandudza kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda kwematangi emakemikari emugungwa.
Mamita ese anofanira kuiswa kuti zvive nyore kusvika. Izvi zvakakosha pakuongorora nguva dzose, kuchenesa, kuyera nguva nenguva, uye kugadzirisa nekukurumidza. Midziyo inofanirwa kunge iine mwero wekudzivirira kupinda mukati—IP66 shoma—kuti ikwanise kutsungirira mhepo ine hunyoro, ine munyu inowanikwa mukutakura zvinhu mugungwa.
Maitiro Ekugadzirisa
Kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mungarava dzemakemikari kunowedzera hupenyu hwemidziyo uye kunoderedza nguva yekumira inodhura. Kuongorora nguva dzose kunotarisa pazvisimbiso zvisingapindi makemikari, kuchenesa mita kudzivirira acid crystallization, uye kuona kuchengetedzeka kwekubatana kwemagetsi nemagetsi. Zvisimbiso nemagasket zvinoramba acid zvinofanirwa kutsiviwa zvichienderana nekurudziro yemugadziri, tichifunga nezvehunhu hwe sulfuric acid.
Kuchenesa nguva dzose nemhinduro dzinoenderana kunobvisa zvisaririra zveasidhi, zvichidzivirira kuunganidza kwemvura. Matangi emita, kunyanya tekinoroji yeCoriolis, anofanira kuramba aripo kuti achengetedze IP ratings. Mapombi anochinjika, kana achishandiswa, anofanira kuongororwa kuti haana kupwanyika here kana kuti haana kuyerera. Zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa zvichienderana nemitemo yemishumo yeindasitiri yegungwa, zvichinyora mabasa ese ebasa rekuongorora kuchengetedzeka uye zvinodiwa neinishuwarenzi.
Kuongororwa kuri kure uye zvinhu zvekuchengetedza zvinofanotaurwa—izvo zvava kuwanikwa mumhinduro dzekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mumvura—zvinobatsira kuona zviratidzo zvekunyevera kwekutanga kwekudonha kwesensa kana kuvharika zvishoma, zvichigonesa kuronga nguva yekugadzirisa kusati kwaitika zvikanganiso zvinodhura kana kukanganiswa.
Kuongorora Masisitimu Akabatanidzwa
Mhinduro dzemazuva ano dzekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mugungwa dzinowanzo batana zvakananga nehurongwa hwe otomatiki hwengarava uye hwekutarisira zvinhu. Kuongororwa kwehurongwa hwakabatanidzwa hakufanirwe kuyedza kwete chete nzira yekuongorora kuyerera kwemvura asiwo nzira yese yedata. Kune maLonnmeter mass flow meter, mainjiniya engarava vanofanirwa kusimbisa kutaurirana kwakasimba nehurongwa hwekudzora otomatiki kuburikidza nemaprotocol anotsigirwa.
Kuenzanisa nguva nenguva kunogona kuitwa: kuchinjisa kwemuchina wekufambisa mvura kana kudzokorodza mafambiro emvura kunoratidza kuti flowmeter inobuda inoenderana nezvinodiwa pacontrol console. Mashandiro ealarm, akadai semiganho yekuyerera kwesulfuric acid yakakwira/yakaderera, inofanira kutangwa uye kuongororwa nguva nenguva. Kubatanidza flow metres ne shipboard emergency shutdowns kunowedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemakemikari mungarava dzematangi, zvichiita kuti mhinduro ikurumidze kupindurwa kana kuverenga kusina kujairika kuchiratidza kubuda kwemvura kana kuti mutsetse ukatsemuka.
Zviitiko zvese zvekuisa, kugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa zvinofanirwa kunyorwa muzvinyorwa zviri muchikepe, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevakuru vezvikepe. Vashandi vechikepe vanoda kudzidziswa nguva dzose kwete chete pakushandisa mita, asiwo pakubata nekudururwa kwemvura uye kupindura kuziviswa kwehurongwa hwekuyera mukati memitemo yekutakura zvinhu mugungwa.
Pazasi pane mufananidzo wenzira dzakanakisisa dzekuisa, kugadzirisa nguva dzose, uye kubatanidzwa kwemamita ekuyerera kwesulfuric acid mungarava yemakemikari:
Kuyerwa Kwemvura Munguva Yechokwadi: Kuvandudza Kuchengetedzeka uye Kutevedzera Mutemo
Kuyerwa kwemvura inoyerera neasidhi yesulfuric panguva chaiyo kwakakosha pakuchengetedza uye kutevedzera mitemo yemungarava dzemakemikari. Pamatangi emakemikari, kunyanya panguva dzekushanda kune njodzi huru dzakadai sekurodha nekuburitsa sulfuric acid, kuwana data rekuyerera nekukurumidza kunotsigira maitiro akachengeteka, kuona nekukurumidza kusarongeka, uye kutonga kwakanaka kwemhinduro. Masisitimu akadai seCoriolis mass flowmeters uye magnetic flow metres anopa kuverenga kwakasimba, kwakanyatsojeka kwehuwandu, density, uye tembiricha, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzinoda marita. Aya matekinoroji emugungwa akabatanidzwa mumasisitimu e otomatiki ekuchengetedza kwakanyanya kwematangi emakemikari uye kudzora maitiro.
Kusarudza Kwekushanda Munguva Yekurodha Nekuburitsa Zvinhu
Ruzivo rwekuyerera kwemvura panguva iyoyo runopa vashandi mufananidzo chaiwo wehukuru nehuwandu hwakatamiswa, zvichiita kuti kutarisa kwekuyerera kwemvura yesulfuric acid kuenderane nehurongwa hwekushanda. Nekutevera kukosha kwenguva chaiyo, vashandi vengarava vanogona kudzivirira zvese kuzadza pasi uye kuwandisa, vachideredza njodzi kuchimiro chengarava uye kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura kune njodzi. Kuverengwa kwemita yekuyerera kwemvura yesulfuric acid munguva chaiyo kunowedzerawo mutoro wehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakatumirwa. Kana zvikaitika zvakasiyana-siyana—zvakadai sekuyerera kwakanyanya kana kuderera zvisingatarisirwi—vashandi vanogona kumisa kushanda nekukasika, vachideredza nguva yekupindura kubva pamaminitsi kusvika kumasekonzi. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha panguva yekutakura zvinhu zvemugungwa kana kutakurwa kwezvinhu zvemugungwa, uko kunyangwe kudonha kudiki kwesulfuric acid kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa.
Kutarisa Kure uye Kuzivisa Kwekutanga Kwekusagadzikana
Data rekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mungarava rinoyerera zvakananga kunzvimbo dzekudzora ngarava uye rinogona kutariswa uri kure nemapoka ari pamhenderekedzo. Kana mhinduro dzekuyera kuyerera kwemvura mugungwa dzichiona maitiro asina kujairika—akadai sekudonha kwakasimba (kudonha kunogona kuitika) kana kukwira kusingadzoreki (kuputika kana kutakura zvinhu zvisina kurongeka)—zviziviso zve otomatiki zvinozivisa vashandi nevatariri. Dzimwe ngarava dzinoshandisa madhibhodhi ekuona uye maalarm anorongwa kuti dziise miganhu yekushanda yakachengeteka. Maitiro aya anotanga zviratidzo zvekunyevera pakutanga, zvichibatsira vashandi kuparadzanisa zvikamu, kudzima mavharuvhu, kana kufambisa mapaipi emidziyo zvisati zvaitika diki. Kutarisa kuyerera kwesulfuric acid kure kunoderedza kudiwa kwekutarisa nemaoko uye kunoderedza kusangana kwevashandi munzvimbo dzine njodzi.
Kutarisirwa kweEmergency Kunotsigirwa neContinuous Data
Maitiro ekukurumidza anoshanda anotsigira mukana wekuwana nzira yekuyera kuyerera kwemvura panguva chaiyo. Ruzivo rwechokwadi kubva kuma chemical process flowmeters, kusanganisira ma flowmeters emakemikari, humbowo hukuru hwekuona nzvimbo inobuda mvura uye kuongorora kudonha kwemvura. Semuenzaniso, kana paipi pakaputsika panguva yekurodha, kuyerwa kwekuyerera kwe sulfuric acid kunoramba kuripo kunoratidza kudonha kwemvura zvichienzaniswa nematanho akajairwa. Izvi zvinogonesa kukurumidza kupatsanurwa kwetangi rakakanganiswa, kuvhurwa kwemaitiro ekuchengetedza mvura, uye kutumirwa kwezvinyorwa zvakarurama kune vanotanga kupindura nevanopa simba. Tekinoroji yeCoriolis flowmeter, iyo inoratidzawo huwandu hwemvura nekupisa, inowedzera kudzidzisa nzira dzekuongorora njodzi nekuchenesa nekutsvaga kusvibiswa kwechigadzirwa kana mafambiro ekupisa.
Kusangana Nezvinodiwa Nemutemo weKutevera Mitoro Ine Ngozi
Mitemo yakasimba yekufambisa zvinhu mugungwa inoda kuteverwa uye kuburitswa kwemishumo yekufamba kwezvinhu zvine njodzi. Masangano epasi rose nevatungamiriri vezvikepe vanoda kuti makambani ekutakura zvinhu mungarava dzemakemikari achengetedze magwaro akarurama, panguva chaiyo emabasa ekutakura nekuburitsa zvinhu. Masisitimu ekuyera kuyerera kwemvura ari mungarava, achishandisa mishumo yekukurumidza kubva kuma magnetic neCoriolis marine flowmeters, anogadzira zvinyorwa zvedhijitari zvinoratidza kutevedzera mitemo panguva yekuongorora nekuongorora chiteshi. Zvinyorwa izvi—zvakakwana nemitengo yakatarwa nenguva—zvakakosha pakuratidza kubata kwakachengeteka, kutamiswa kwekuchengetedzwa, uye kushanda pasina kudonhedza mvura.
Kudzidziswa Kuenderera Mberi Kwevashandi uye Kugadzirira Kupindura
Kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwengarava dzemugungwa kunoenderana nehunyanzvi hwevashandi vane sulfuric acid flow metres uye system dzedata renguva chaiyo. Kudzidziswa nguva dzose kunoita kuti vashandi vajairane nekuverenga, kududzira maitiro ekunyevera, uye kuita maitiro akajairwa ekushanda (SOPs) zvichibva pane zvisingawanzoitika pakuyerera kwemvura. Kudzidzira kunowanzo shandisa mamiriro ekudonhedza mvura, panguva iyo ma flow meter alarm anokurudzira matanho ekukurumidza. Ongororo dzemushure mekuita dzinosimbisa nzira dzakanakisa dzekuziva ma alarm, kuchengetedza mavharuvhu, uye kutaurirana zvakawanikwa. Kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kunoderedza kukanganisa kwevanhu, kunoita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yekutakura zvinhu ine njodzi, uye kuchengetedza mashandiro ekuchengetedza ngarava dzemugungwa dzemakemikari akakwira panguva yega yega yekufambisa.
Maonero Ekushandisa: Matangi Emakemikari uye Kutakurwa Kwemvura
Kutakurwa kwezvikepe zvegungwasulfuric acidZvine matambudziko akasiyana ekushanda uye kuchengetedzeka kwengarava dzemakemikari. Hunhu hweH₂SO₄ hwekuparadza zvakanyanya, pamwe chete nenzvimbo yegungwa inoda kushanda nesimba, zvinoda sarudzo dzakasimba dzeinjiniya kuchengetedza ngarava dzakachengeteka uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti ngarava dzemakemikari dzakachengeteka munzira dzese dzekutakura zvinhu.
Matangi emakemikari emugungwa anotakura sulfuric acid anofanira kushandisa matangi ekutakura zvinhu, mapaipi, uye nzvimbo dzekuyera kuyerera kuti agadzirise njodzi dzekuora nekuora kwezvinhu. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvetangi ndiko kunonyanya kukosha: nepo matangi esimbi yekabhoni yakagadzirwa nerabha achiwanzoiswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehupfumi, kumwe kutsvagisa kunoratidza simbi dzisina tsvina mbiri uye alloys dzine nickel yakawanda kuti dzirambe dzichishanda, kunyanya kana kuwanda kweasidhi kuchisiyana kana mamiriro ekufamba achiunza njodzi dzekusanganiswa kwemvura. Ongororo dzakaongororwa nevezera dzinosimbisa kuti kuwanda kwepakati netsvina, kunyanya kupinda kwemvura yegungwa kana machloride, zvinowedzera ngura zvakanyanya munzvimbo, kunyangwe kune simbi dzisina tsvina dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye ma linings anowanzo shandiswa.
Kugadziriswa kwemuchina wekufamba kwemvura kwakakoshawo, sezvo zvishandiso izvi zvichisangana nematambudziko akafanana nemakemikari nemakemikari sematangi nemapombi. Kuyerwa kwemuchina wesulfuric acid kunoda michina inoenderana zvizere nezvinonhuhwirira uye mamiriro ekunze echikepe. Michina yeCoriolis mass flowmeters uye inline density metres, senge iyo yakagadzirwa neLonnmeter, yave tsika yekutarisa kuyerera kwemuchina wesulfuric acid nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kusingapindi, kushaya zvikamu zvinofamba, uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya munzvimbo dzine nyonganyonga kana dzinowanzo tenderera - matambudziko anowanzo sangana nawo pamatangi emakemikari emugungwa. Michina iyi inogona kutsungirira kumanikidzwa uye kusiyana kwekuyerera kwemvura pasina kuderera kwekuyera, kunyangwe ngarava ichisangana nekupisa kwakasiyana nekufamba panguva yekufamba.
Nzira uye kusiyana kwezvakatipoteredza zvinowedzera kuoma. Matangi emakemikari emugungwa anogona kufamba munzvimbo dzine shanduko huru muhunyoro, tembiricha yemhepo, uye kusvibiswa kwemvura yegungwa. Masisitimu ekuyera kuyerera kwemvura ari muchikepe, akadai sema "mass flowmeters" emakemikari uye "inline density metres", anofanira kushanda zvakavimbika pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya anochinja, kusanganisira kurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu kakawanda pachiteshi, thermal cycling, uye kusvibiswa nezvinhu zvine simba. Ruzivo rwenguva refu runoratidza kuti kugadzirisa masisitimu - uchishandisa zvinhu zve "flow meter" zvepamusoro, "strong electronic housings", uye "protected installations" - kunoderedza nguva yekushanda uye kuderedza njodzi yekuyerera kwekuyerwa kana kukundikana kwese kwesenzi.
Kubatanidzwa kwezviyero zvekuongorora kuyerera kwemvura zvine simba guru kunobatsira mukushanda kwenguva refu mukutakura zvinhu mugungwa. Kugara uchitarisa kuyerera kwemvura mungarava dzemakemikari kunounza yambiro yekutanga yekudonha kwemvura, zviitiko zvekusanganiswa netsaona, kana shanduko dzisingatarisirwi mukuvimbika kwetangi, zvichideredza zvakananga njodzi yekurasikirwa nezvinhu zvinodhura kana zviitiko zvezvakatipoteredza. Nekufamba kwenguva, kushandiswa kwakarongeka kwezviyero zvemvura zvinodzivirira kunoderedza mitoro yekugadzirisa, kunoderedza kupera kunokonzerwa nengura, uye kunotsigira kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekutakura makemikari mugungwa.
Zvishandiso zvemazuva ano, kunyanya inline density uye viscosity metres zvinodzivirira ngura kubva kumakambani akaita seLonnmeter, zvinotsigira kubudirira uku kwekushanda nekugonesa kuona panguva chaiyo zviitiko zve micro-scale ngura uye kutadza kukuru kwesystem. Data kubva kuongororo dzakaongororwa nevezera rinosimbisa kuti kutarisa kwakadaro kunobvumira vashandi vengarava kugadzirisa maburi madiki kana nzvimbo dzengura zvisati zvawedzera, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekukuvara kwakaipisisa kwakaonekwa mumishumo yetsaona dzemugungwa ichangoburwa uko kupinda kwemvura kusingaonekwe kwakakonzera kukurumidza kurwiswa kweasidhi pamatangi esimbi ecarbon.
Pakupedzisira, kusarudzwa nekushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvekuyera kuyerera zvakagadzirwa nechinangwa, zvine mwero wegungwa—zvakabatana nematambudziko chaiwo emakemikari neemuviri emidziyo yesulfuric acid—zvine basa guru mukuchengetedza kusimba kwemidziyo, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rengarava dzepasi rose dzemakemikari. Kubatana pakati pezvinhu zvetangi zvakasarudzwa nokungwarira uye kutarisa kuyerera kuri mungarava nguva dzose kunoderedza njodzi yekuora, kunowedzera kuchengetedzeka kwengarava, uye kunotsigira kufamba kusingadzoreki kwemidziyo yemakemikari ine njodzi pasi rose.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Chii chinonzi sulfuric acid flow meter chinoshandiswa pamatangi emakemikari?
Chiyero chekuyerera kweasidhi yesulfuric chakakosha pakuyera sulfuric acid chaiyo panguva chaiyo panguva yekufambisa mugungwa. Basa rayo guru pamatangi emakemikari rinosanganisira kutarisa huwandu uye mwero wekuyerera kweH₂SO₄ panguva yekufambisa zvinhu, zvakaita sekurodha, kuburitsa zvinhu, uye kutamiswa kwemukati. Kuisa izvi kwakakosha pakuona kuchengetedzeka kwematangi emakemikari nekubvumira vanoshanda kudzivirira kuzadza zvakawandisa, kuderedza njodzi yekudururwa kwemvura, uye kupa magwaro ekutevedzera mitemo uye kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemidziyo. Kutarisa kuyerera kwemvura mukati kunogonesa closed-loop sampling, iyo inoderedza kusangana kwevashandi kuhutsi hune njodzi uye inoita kuti kuteverwa kwemaitiro ekutumira matangi emakemikari.
Sei maCoriolis mass flowmeters achisarudzwa pakuyera sulfuric acid mukushandiswa kwemvura?
Ma "Coriolis mass flowmeters" anonyanya kufarirwa munzvimbo dzematangi emakemikari emugungwa nekuda kwekugona kwawo kuyera huwandu hwemvura uye kusimba mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuora. Magadzirirwo awo anobvumira kuverenga kwakarurama uye kwakagadzikana kwekuyerera kwehuwandu, huwandu hwemvura, uye tembiricha pasinei nekuchinja kwekumanikidzwa kana kusimba. Kusavapo kwezvikamu zvinofamba mukati kunoderedza mukana wekubatwa ne "sulfuric acid" inoparadza—kunyanya kana zvikamu zvakanyorova zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita seHastelloy kana titanium. Kuvimbika uku kunoshandura kutarisa zvinhu zvinovimbika, kuyera huwandu hwemvura muchikepe, uye kusachengetedza kwakaderera munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemugungwa, zvichiita kuti pave nekuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka panguva yekushandisa makemikari flowmeter.
Kuyera kuyerera kwemvura muchikepe kunosimudzira sei kuchengetedzeka panguva yekutakura makemikari mugungwa?
Kuyera mafambiro emvura muchikepe kunopa nguva chaiyo, nguva dzose kutarisa mafambiro emvura esulfuric acid, zvichipa simba kune vanoshanda kuti vaone kubuda kwemvura, kuvharika kwechikamu, kana mwero wekufamba kwemvura usingawanzoitiki nekukasika. Kuziva nekukurumidza zvinhu zvisina kujairika zvakadaro kunobvumira kupindira nekukurumidza, kuderedza njodzi dzekudururwa kwemvura uye kuderedza kusangana kwevashandi nezvinhu zvine njodzi. Masisitimu eararm akabatana nedata rekufamba kwemvura anobatsira kutanga maitiro ekukurumidzira, kutsigira kutevedzera mitemo yepasi rose yekuchengetedza uye kubatsira mukutakura zvinhu zvemugungwa zvakachengeteka pamatangi emakemikari. Kubatanidzwa kwemhinduro idzi dzekuenzanisa mafambiro emvura muchikepe ne otomatiki yengarava kunowedzera imwe nzvimbo yekuchengetedza nekuderedza kudiwa kwekutarisa nemaoko uye kuvandudza nguva dzekupindura mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira.
Ko ngura inogona kukanganisa mashandiro e sulfuric acid flow metres here?
Kuora idambudziko guru kune chero sulfuric acid flow meter nekuda kwehunhu hweH₂SO₄. Zvisinei, zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvinoshandisa zvinhu zvisingapindi ngura—zvakaita sePTFE, PFA, Hastelloy, kana titanium—kune zvikamu zvese zvakanyorova uye nzvimbo dze sensor. Sarudzo iyi yezvinhu inoita kuti ishande kwenguva refu kunyangwe munzvimbo dzine acid yakawanda dzinowanikwa mumatangi egungwa. Ma flow meter epamusoro akagadzirwa kuti agone kutsungirira kushushikana kwemakemikari nemakemikari kunosangana nawo muchikepe, zvichideredza zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa uye kuderedza njodzi yekukundikana kusingatarisirwi. Kuongorora nguva dzose uye kugadzirisa kunoramba kuri kwakakosha kuchengetedza kushanda kwakanaka uye kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza.
Kuyerwa kwekuyerera kwemvura panguva chaiyo kunosungirwa here mukutakura ngarava dzemakemikari?
Kunyange zvazvo mitemo yekutonga ichigona kusiyana zvichienderana nenyika yemureza uye nzira yengarava, maitiro ari kuitwa muna 2024 ikurudziro yakasimba - uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo, chinodiwa - chekuyera kuyerera kwesulfuric acid panguva chaiyo. Mitemo yepasi rose, yakaita seyeIMO neMARPOL, inoda kuti pave nekuongororwa kwakarurama uye kuchengetwa kwezvinyorwa zvekutamiswa kwezvinhu zvine njodzi. Kushandisa masisitimu ekuyera kuyerera kwengarava kunovandudza kushanda zvakanaka, kunovimbisa kutevedzera mitemo, uye kunogonesa kukurumidza uye kwakasimba kupindura kune zviitiko zvekukurumidzira panguva yekutakura zvinhu zvemugungwa. Vashandi vematangi emakemikari vanoenderana nemirairo iyi kwete chete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepamutemo asiwo kuchengetedza midziyo, vashandi, uye nharaunda, kunyanya pakutakura zvinhu zvine njodzi seH₂SO₄.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-25-2025
