Kuburitswa kwemvura inogadzirwa (PWRI) inzira yekuunganidza mvura inobuda sechibereko chekugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi uye kuidzosera kumashure muzvikamu zvepasi pevhu. Nzira iyi inoita basa guru muhupenyu hwenzvimbo yemafuta, ichishanda senzira yekurasa mafuta ine mutoro wezvakatipoteredza uye sechishandiso chekuwedzera kudzoserwa kwemahydrocarbon. PWRI ndiyo musimboti wenzira dzakavandudzwa dzekudzoserwa kwemafuta uye yakakosha pakuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yemvura—zviyero zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza kugadzirwa uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwenzvimbo.
PWRI yakabatana zvakanyanya nekubviswa kwemafuta uye manejimendi ezvirongo. Oiri painobviswa, kumanikidzwa kwechisikigo kwezvirongo kunoderera. Kuwedzerwazve kwemvura inogadzirwa kunodzivirira kudonha uku, zvichiita kuti kumanikidzwa kurambe kuripo uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira. Kugadziriswa kwesimba iri kwakakosha pakudzorerwa kwesimba, uko mvura inopinzwa inobvisa mafuta akasara kuenda kumatsime ekugadzira. Matekiniki akadai semafashamo epolymer—kushandisa mapolymer kuwedzera kusimba kwemvura—kunowedzera kunatsiridza kubviswa kwemafuta uye kuratidza manejimendi epamusoro emvura muminda yakakura.
Mvura Inogadzirwa Muminda yeOiri neGasi
*
Kuyerwa kweDensity Inline uye Real-Time yePWRI Optimization
Kukosha kweKuyerwa kweInline Density
Kuyera huwandu hwemvura hwakakosha pakugadzirisa kuisirwa kwemvura yakagadzirwa (PWRI) mumabasa emazuva ano emafuta. Nekugonesa kutarisa huwandu hwemvura inogadzirwa panguva chaiyo, vashandi vanogona kuona nekukurumidza kusiyana kwehuwandu hwemvura, senge shanduko muhuwandu hwemafuta, gasi, kana zvinhu zvakasimba. Kuziva uku kwakakosha pakuchengetedza hunhu hwemvura kuti isvike pazvinodiwa zvekuisirwa kwemvura uye kuderedza njodzi dzekukuvadzwa kwekugadzirwa, kukura, kana kuvharwa kwemvura.
Ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo kubva pakuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura mukugadzirwa kwemafuta runobvumira vashandi kugadzirisa kurapwa kwemvura inogadzirwa kuti idzoserwe panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvinoderedza nguva yekupindura kubva pakusiyana kwemhando yemvura yavanoda, zvichidzivirira nguva isina kurongwa yekushanda uye kugadzirisa kunodhura. Uyezve, ma profiles akarurama ehuwandu hwemvura anovimbisa kuti mvura inopinzwa inochengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa kwaunoda, izvo zvinotsigira nzira dzakavandudzwa dzekudzoreredza mafuta senge mafashamo epolymer uye mafashamo emvura echinyakare. Kutarisa nguva dzose huwandu hwemvura kunoitawo kuti mitemo itevedzerwe, ichiona kuti mvura inopinzwa nguva dzose inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza uye mashandiro. Mabhenefiti aya anoshandura nzira dziri nani dzekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwedhamu, kuvandudza kupinza, uye hupenyu hwezvinhu hurefu.
Munzira dzekushandisa polymer flooding reinjection, uko kuumbwa kwemvura kunogona kuchinja nekuda kwe polymer ne chemical dosing, kugona kuteedzera density munguva chaiyo kunokosha zvikuru. Izvi zvinobvumira manejimendi ine simba ye ma injection protocols, kugadzirisa nzira dze oil displacement, uye kudzora zviri nani maitiro ekugadzira asingadiwe. Mishumo yemunda inogara ichiratidza kudzikira kwezviitiko zvekuyera nekubatanidza, kunaka kwe injection, uye kubatanidzwa zvakanaka ne digital oilfield management tools, zvese zvichiratidza kubudirira kwazvo nekuda kwekugona kuramba kuripo uye kwakarurama kwekuyera density.
Zvishandiso Zvepamusoro: Lonnmeter Density Meter
Chiyero cheLonnmeter density meter chinoshanda chichishandisa chubhu inodedera yepamusoro kana kuti nheyo dzeCoriolis, zvichipa chiyero chakarurama che inline density pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa enzvimbo dzine mafuta. Nekuisa zvakananga mumutsara wemvura unogadzirwa, chiyero cheLonnmeter chinopa data risingaperi, risingapindike pasina kukanganisa kugadzirwa kana kuda kutora sampuro nemaoko.
Yakagadzirirwa kugara kwenguva refu, Lonnmeter density meter inodzivirira kusvibiswa uye kukanganiswa, ichivimbisa kuramba yakarurama kunyangwe mamiriro ekushanda achichinja. Tekinoroji yayo yakasimba ye sensor inoyera huwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo, ichitumira mhedzisiro zvakanaka kumasisitimu ekudzora kuti zvigadziriswe ipapo ipapo. Kutarisa uku panguva chaiyo kwakakosha panguva yekuiswazve kwemafashamo epolymer uye panguva yekuzadzwa kwemvura, uko shanduko muhuwandu hwemvura inogona kuratidza kusarongeka kwemaitiro kana matambudziko ekushanda ari kuuya.
Zvichienzaniswa nekutora sampling nguva nenguva kana kuongororwa kwerabhoritari kusina kuvimbika, Lonnmeter density meter inopa mhinduro yenguva isingaenzaniswi. Mhinduro yayo inogara ichienderera mberi inotsigira kubatana zvakananga kune masisitimu ekudzora maitiro, ichigonesa otomatiki makemikari dosing uye nzira dzekusefa zvichibva pane hunhu hwemvura chaiyo pane kuronga nguva yakatarwa. Kugona uku kunovandudza zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka, kunoderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari, uye kudzivirira nguva inodhura yekushanda nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemaitiro kusingatarisirwi. Semuenzaniso, kana mafuta akatakurwa kana kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvakasimba zvikaonekwa, zviito zvekugadzirisa zvinogona kutanga kusati kwaitika kubatanidza kwekugadzira.
Kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvekuyera huwandu hwemvura zvakaita seLonnmeter density meter mukati memvura yakagadzirwa yekurapa mvura kuti ishandiswezve kunobatsira vashandi kugadzirisa maitikiro ejekiseni nemazvo uye kuvimbisa kuchengetedza kusimba kwesimba, sezvakaratidzwa nezvidzidzo zvemumunda uye ongororo dzeindasitiri. Ruzivo rwemita runogona kuiswa muzvirongwa zvakakura zvekutarisira matangi, zvichibatsirana nemamwe masensa ekuti mvura ine hunyoro, munyu, uye mafuta ari mumvura kuti ape maonero akazara emhando yemvura. Sezvo mabasa ekuvandudza kudzoreredza mafuta ari kuramba achioma, kururama, kuvimbika, uye hunhu hweLonnmeter inline density measurement zvinopa hwaro hwekuwedzera kushanda kwekugadzirisa, kuchengetedza hutano hwetangi, uye kuona kuti mitemo inotevedzera mitemo.
Kurapa Mvura Yakagadzirwa Yekubaya: Kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kutevedzera mitemo
Kurapa mvura yakagadzirwa kuti ishandiswezve ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakuvandudza nzira dzekudzoreredza mafuta uye manejimendi yedhamu rinogara kwenguva refu. Maitiro aya anotanga nekupatsanurwa kwakasimba kwemuchina—kubviswa kwemafuta akasununguka, zvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa kuburikidza nemagetsi anoparadzanisa simba remagetsi, mahydrocyclones, uye mayuniti ekutenderera. Aya mayuniti anotarisa zvinhu zvikuru zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro emugodhi. Semuenzaniso, mahydrocyclones anoparadzanisa madonhwe emafuta kubva mumvura zvinobudirira, nepo masisitimu egasi anokonzerwa achibvisa madonhwe madiki emafuta nezvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa, zvichitsigira zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvekudzoreredza mvura yakagadzirwa.
Kugadzirisa makemikari kunotevera kupatsanurwa kwemakemikari. Hydrocarbon emulsions nesimbi dzakanyungudutswa zvinodzorwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwakarurama kwe demulsifiers, scale inhibitors, uye corrosion inhibitors. Demulsifiers dzinopwanya stable oil-water emulsifiers, zvichivandudza kushanda kwekurapa kwemumvura. Scale inhibitors dzinodzvinyirira kuumbwa kwemineral scale nekucheka kana kusanganisa maion akaita secalcium nebarium, zvichidzivirira mapaipi uye ma injection formations. Corrosion inhibitors inodzivirira kurasikirwa nesimbi uye inochengetedza kusimba kwezvivakwa, kunyanya uko oxygen ingress kana acidic gases (CO₂, H₂S) dziripo. Bactericides inoderedza kushanda kwehutachiona, zvakakosha mukudzivirira kusviba uye corrosion inokonzereswa ne microbiology - dambudziko rinogara richiitika munzira dze polymer flood reinjection nedzimwe nzira dzepamusoro dzekubvisa mafuta.
Kusefa kwepamusoro kunochenesa mvura yakarapwa nekubata zvinhu zvakapfava zvakasungirirwa zvinogona kukanganisa kuumbwa kwemvura kana kukuvadza. Matekinoroji akadai semafirita ewalnut shell, manutshell media, uye masisitimu ekusefa membrane anoshandiswa zvichibva pakugadzirwa kwemvura yakagadzirwa, zvinodiwa pakumanikidzwa, uye kunaka kwemvura yakanangwa. Kusefa nano uye kusefa zvakanyanya zviri kushandiswa zvakanyanya kuti zviome, kunyanya kana kushandiswazve kana kuiswazve muzvikamu zvinonzwa.
Hunhu hwemvura inogadzirwa kuti ishandiswezve inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvezvinhu zvakamiswa, mabhakitiriya, huwandu hwemafuta, uye ionic composition. Mafuta akawandisa anogona kuvhara maburi emvura, zvichideredza kupinda kwemvura uye kupinza. Sulphate yakakwira, barium, kana strontium inogona kukonzera kuiswa kwemasero, uye kukura kwehutachiona kusina kudzorwa kunokurudzira biogenic hydrogen sulfide uye ngura. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura yemumunda wemafuta panguva chaiyo, uchishandisa kuyera huwandu hwemvura mukugadzirwa kwemafuta, kunobatsira vanoshanda mukutarisa mafambiro emhando yemvura uye kuona zvisingawanzoitika zvinoratidza kusagadzikana kana zviitiko zvekusvibiswa. Kushandiswa kweLonnmeter density meter applications kunoita kuti pave nekutarisa nguva dzose, panguva chaiyo yehuwandu hwemvura inogadzirwa mukati mematanho ekurapa nekuisa jekiseni, kuvandudza kudzora maitiro uye kutevedzera zvirambidzo zvekushanda.
Zvinodiwa zvemitemo yekuisirwa mvura inogadzirwa zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuomarara. Masangano ehurumende neehurumende eUS anorayira kudzora mvura inoisirwa mumvura mukati menzvimbo dzinobvumirwa pasi pevhu uye anosimbisa miganhu chaiyo pamafuta, zvinhu zvakasimba, uye hutachiona kudzivirira kukuvara kwenzvimbo, kusvibiswa kwemvura yepasi pevhu, uye kukanganiswa kwepasi. Maitiro emazuva ano ekutevedzera mitemo anoda kuti mvura iongororwe nguva dzose uye kuve pachena kwekushanda kwayo. Vashandi vanofanirwa kuchinjika kune mwero unoshanduka, kusanganisira nzira dzakasimba dzekuparadzanisa, makemikari, uye kusefa kuti varambe vakavimbika pakuisirwa mvura uye kugadzirisa mitemo uku vachidzora mari.
Kuiswa mvura yakasanganiswa kunoumba chigadziko chemaitiro ekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa kwenguva refu uye manejimendi ekuchengetedza matangi emafuta. Nekudzokorodza mvura yakacheneswa, vanoshanda vanoderedza kudiwa kwemvura yakachena uye kuderedza huwandu hwekurasa pamusoro, vachitsigira kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa uye kuchengetedzeka kwenharaunda. Kuiswa mvura yakasanganiswa zvakanaka kunotsigira zvinangwa zvenharaunda uku vachivandudza kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta uye kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda. Maitiro aya anopa mabhenefiti anoyerwa ekuiswa mvura yakasanganiswa: anochengetedza simba rematangi kuti adzorerwe, anoderedza kudiwa kwekurasa mvura pamusoro, uye anogonesa matekinoroji epamusoro epolymer mafashamo kuti awane kushanda kwakanaka kwekutama kwemafuta.
Zvishandiso zvakaita sezvishandiso zvekuyera huwandu hwemvura inopinzwa mumvura, kusanganisira kutarisa panguva chaiyo uchishandisa Lonnmeter devices, zvinopa ruzivo rwakakosha rwekuendeswa kwemvura zvakananga. Kubatanidzwa kwedata muSCADA kana manejimendi yemaitiro kunotsigira kupindira nekukurumidza uye kugadzirisa matambudziko zvinobudirira. Iyi nzira ine zvikamu - kurapwa kwemakanika, makemikari, uye kusefa pamwe chete nekutarisa huwandu hwemvura nguva dzose - inoita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti kutevedzera mitemo uye kushanda kwakavimbika, zvichiita kuti kupiwa kwemvura inopinzwa mumvura kusangane nezvinodiwa zvemafuta nezvakatipoteredza.
Maitiro Ekuvandudza Kudzoreredza Oiri Uchishandisa Kuwedzerwa Kwemvura
Maitiro Ekubvisa Oiri
Kupinza mvura mumafuta mukugadzirwa inzira yekuwedzera kutorwa kwemafuta (EOR) yakagadzirirwa kuwedzera kutorwa kwemafuta ehydrocarbon nekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwemugodhi uye kuunganidza mafuta akasara. Kana mvura ikapinzwa muchimiro chine mafuta, inobvisa mafuta akavharirwa mudombo rine maburi, ichisundira mahydrocarbons kuenda kumatsime ekugadzira. Nzira mbiri huru dzekuchinja dzinoita sepiston (apo mvura yakatarisana nechinhu chimwe chete inosundira mafuta mberi) uye viscous fingering (apo mvura inopinzwa inodarika mafuta nekuda kwekusiyana kwekupinda kwematombo). Mumatangi chaiwo, kusiyana kunotungamira mukubviswa kusina kufanana, zvichiita kuti kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta kuve shanduko yakakosha.
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura kunotsanangura kuti mvura inobatwa sei nemvura inopinzwa. Mumaumbirwo akasiyana-siyana, mitsetse inopinzwa zvishoma inobata oiri, nepo nzira dzinopinzwa zvakanyanya dzinogona kukonzera kubuda kwemvura nguva isati yakwana. Kugadzirisa maitiro ekupinzwa kwemvura—sekushandisa nzira dzekuchinjana majekiseni nemitsara yevagadziri kana kudzora huwandu hwemajekiseni—kunovandudza kuenderana uye kunowedzera huwandu hwemafuta anopinzwa. Zvidzidzo zverabhoritari uye zvemumunda zvinosimbisa kuti kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura kuburikidza nekutarisira mvura kwakanyatsoenderana nezvinhu zvepamusoro zvekupora, dzimwe nguva zvichiwedzera kupora kwemvura ne8-15% kupfuura nzira dzemazuva ese dzekufashamira kwemvura. Izvi zvinosimbisa kupinzwa kwemvura kwakagadzirwa sechinhu chakakosha chekuvandudza kufambiswa kwemafuta uye huwandu hwese hwekupora.
Kubatanidzwazve kwePolymer Flooding
Kuwedzerwa kwemvura inoyerera kuburikidza nepolymer kunobatanidza kuisirwa kwemvura inogadzirwa pamwe nekuwedzera mapolymer agents anofema, anowanzova mapolyacrylamides, kuwedzera kusimba kwemvura inoyerera. Nekuwedzera kusimba kwemvura, huwandu hwekufamba hunowedzera kunaka (M < 1), zvichideredza kusimba kweminwe uye kuwedzera kufamba kwakaita sepiston kwemafuta kuenda kumatsime ekugadzira. Kuyera mapolymer slugs nemazvo kwakakosha; kunyanyisa kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwekugadzirwa, nepo kushoma kwemvura kuchiita kuti mvura iwedzere kunaka.
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura mukati memutsetse uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo uchishandisa zvishandiso zvakaita seLonnmeter density meter zvinopa vanoisa mvura mukana wekuona nguva dzose hunhu hwemvura yakabatwa. Ruzivo rwechokwadi rwekusimba kwemvura uye huwandu hwemvura hunovimbisa kuti huwandu hwemvura hwakarurama hunochengetwa panguva yese yekupinza, zvichichengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwenzvimbo uye kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda. Mhinduro iyi yenguva chaiyo inoderedza njodzi yekuvharika uye inovandudza mafashamo, nokudaro zvichiwedzera maitiro eEOR. Kune matangi akakura uye mafomu akaomarara, uko kufamba kwemafuta kushoma uye mafashamo emvura akajairwa asina kukwana, mafashamo epolymer anowedzera zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura uye kupora kwese, kazhinji achiwedzera imwe 5-20% yemafuta ekutanga panzvimbo yekupora.
Maitiro Epamusoro Ekubaya Jekiseni
Maitiro epamusoro ekuisa jekiseni anobatanidza kuisirwa kwemvura kwakagadzirwa pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekutarisira kumanikidzwa uye matekinoroji ekudzora chimiro. Kugadziriswa kwekumanikidzwa kwekugadzira kunoita kuti oiri irambe ichifambiswa uye kudzivirira kutanga kwemvura kana gasi. Kugadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwejekiseni uye huwandu hwemajekiseni kunobvumira vashandi kunanga nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzematangi, vachitarisira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa uye vachiganhurira nzira dzekufambisa.
Zvinhu zvinodzora huwandu hwemafuta mumigodhi—zvakaita semajeli, mafoam, uye tunhu tudiki—zvinoiswa kuti zvivhare nzira dzinopinda mvura yakawanda. Izvi zvinoshandura jekiseni rinotevera kuenda kunzvimbo dzisingapindi mvura yakawanda, dzisingapindi mvura yakawanda, zvichiita kuti mafuta asapindi mvura yakawanda. Kushandiswa kunosanganisira kupinza mafuta munzvimbo dzakasiyana, kurapa nekudzima mvura, uye kuchinjana kumanikidzwa kwejekiseni kuti kuwedzere kutsvaira kwemvura (Ev). Kukwidziridza kumanikidzwa kwemugodhi nenzira idzi kunogonesa kupora kubva munzvimbo dzakamanikana, dzakaoma dzisingadzokeri mumvura pasi pemvura yakajairika. Humbowo hunobva kuvatyairi vakuru vemigodhi hunoratidza kuti, pamwe chete, nzira idzi dzepamusoro dzinogona kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemafuta uye kuwedzera zvinhu zvinopinda mumvura nekushandisa nzvimbo dzemugodhi dzisina kuputirwa.
Kutarisa huwandu hwemvura nguva nenguva uchishandisa zvishandiso zvakaita seLonnmeter density meter kunotsigira nzira idzi. Nekutevera hunhu hwemvura hwakagadzirwa usati wagadziriswa kana kugadziriswa uye mushure mekugadzirisa, vashandisi vanogona kuona nekukurumidza kufamba kwemvura pamberi, zviitiko zvitsva, uye kushanda kwekutonga kweprofile, zvichigonesa kugadzirisa kunokurumidza, kunotungamirirwa nedata.
Pazasi pane mufananidzo wakareruka wemhedzisiro yekupinza mvura zvakanaka uye nzira dzeEOR dzepamusoro pakugadzirisa mafuta:
| Nzira yekubaiwa jekiseni | Kuwedzera kweChinhu Chinowanzoita Kuti Munhu Adzoke Pakarepo |
|-----------------------------------|- ...|
| Mafashamo Emvura Akajairika | 10–30% (yeOOIP) |
| Kuwedzerwazve Kwemvura Yakagadzirwa | +8–15% (kuwedzera) |
| Mafashamo ePolymer | +5–20% (anowedzera, akura/akasimba)|
| Kudzora Kumanikidzwa/Profile | +3–10% (yakawedzerwa, yakatarisana nenzvimbo) |
Kuvandudza kusuduruka kwemafuta, kubatanidza kurapwa kwemvura inogadzirwa kuti idzoserwezve, kushandisa nzira dzema polymer flooding, uye kushandisa maturusi ekuyera huwandu hwemafuta panguva chaiyo pamwe chete zvinogonesa vashandisi kuwedzera kugona kwemahydrocarbon mudura rega rega.
Kuchengetedza Kusimbaradzwa Kwematangi uye Kuona Kuramba Kuchienderera Mberi Kwemvura
Nheyo dzeKugadzira Kuchengetedza Kumanikidzwa
Kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemafuta kwakakosha pakutarisira zvakanaka matangi emafuta. Kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yemafuta kwakakosha pakuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta uye kuona kuti zviwanikwa zvinotorwa kwenguva refu. Kana kumanikidzwa kwakaderera pasi pemiganho yakati, senge bubble point, simba retangi rinopera. Izvi zvinowanzo tungamira mukuderera kukuru kwekugadzirwa kwemafuta uye kukurumidzisa kusimba kwetangi, izvo zvinoderedza nzvimbo yemaburi uye kupindira kwemvura.
Kudzoserwa kwemvura inogadzirwa, inozivikanwa se produced water re-injection (PWRI), ndeimwe yenzira dzinoshanda zvikuru dzekugadzirisa mafuta dzinoshandiswa kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa. PWRI inoenzanisa mwero wekuisa mafuta uye kugadzirwa, ichitsigira mamiriro ekuchengetedza mvura akagadzikana uye inowedzera hupenyu hwezvinhu. Kuenzana kwakakodzera pakati pehuwandu hwema "injection" ne "produced volumes" kunochengetedza simba re "capillary" ne "viscous" rinodiwa kuti hydrocarbon ifambe zvakanaka, nokudaro zvichiwedzera zvinhu zvinodzoserwa kupfuura zvinogoneka nekudzikira kwemvura chete. Ruzivo rwemumunda runoratidza kuti mapurogiramu ekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa anoshanda anowedzera kudzoserwa kwemvura ne10-25% zvichienzaniswa nekugadzirwa kwekutanga, ukuwo zvichideredza zvakanyanya njodzi yezvinetso zvinokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwemvura zvakaita sekuderera kwemvura kana kurasikirwa nehusimbe hwetsime.
Zvidzidzo zvechangobva kuitwa nekuenzanisa zvinoratidza kuti kubudirira kwePWRI nedzimwe nzira dzakafanana dzekutamisa mafuta kunoenderana zvikuru nekusarudza kwakakodzera majekiseni, kuisa matsime, uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo. Matangi emvura apo kumanikidzwa kwakachengetedzwa pa90% kana kupfuura mamiriro ekutanga anoratidza kudzvanywa kushoma uye anochengetedza hunhu hwekuyerera kwemvura hunodiwa kuti kugadzirwa kurambe kuchienderera mberi.
Kutarisa, Kuzvigadzira, uye Kugadzirisa Matambudziko
Kutarisa nguva chaiyo kwakakosha kuti pave nemabhenefiti anoshanda ekuisa mvura mugomba. Kuyera huwandu hwemvura mugomba uye munguva chaiyo, kunyanya kuburikidza nezvishandiso zvakaita seLonnmeter density metres, zvinopa ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pehunhu hwemvura inopinzwa mugomba. Kudzora uku kunogonesa kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kwezviyero zvemajekiseni—senge chiyero kana mhando—zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari mugomba.
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura mukugadzirwa kwemafuta kwakakosha zvikuru kana mvura inogadzirwa ichigona kusiyana nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasimba zvinogadzirwa, kukura, nzira dzekuisazve mvura mumafashamo epolymer, kana kuchinja kwemunyu wemvura panguva yekushanda kwakawedzerwa kwekudzoreredza. Kusiyana uku kunokanganisa injectivity, njodzi yekukuvadzwa kwekugadzirwa, uye pakupedzisira, hutano hwenguva refu hwedura. Zvishandiso zvakaita seLonnmeter zvinopa kutarisa kwakarurama, panguva chaiyo kwehuwandu hwemvura inogadzirwa. Kugona uku kunobvumira vashandisi kuona zvisingawanzoitika—zvakadai sekuchinja kwehuwandu husingatarisirwi kunoratidza kufambira mberi kwemakemikari kana kupinda kwezvisimba—uye kuita shanduko dzekugadzirisa nekukurumidza kune jekiseni.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko ndicho chinhu chikuru pakugadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwemugodhi. Kurasikirwa nekupinza, kunowanzo kukonzerwa nekuvharika nekuda kwezvikamu kana kukura kwezvipenyu, kukura, kana kuchinja kwekupenya kwemafuta, kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwehunyanzvi hwekudzoreredza mafuta. Kushandisa maturusi ekuyera huwandu hwemafuta panguva chaiyo yekuisa mvura mugomba kusanganisira mita dzekupenya dzinoshandiswa mumutsara kunobatsira kuona matambudziko aya nekukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekupenya kana kupenya kunogona kuratidza kupinda kwakasimba kana kuumbwa kwe emulsion patsime. Kuzivikanwa kwekutanga kunotungamira mukupindira kwakanangana - senge kugadzirisa kurapwa kwemvura, kugadzirisa firita, kana mwero wekuyerera kwemvura - kudzivirira kukuvara kwetsime uye kuderedza nguva yekumira.
Kugadziriswa kwemvura inopinzwa mumvura, kunyanya nekutarisa kwepamusoro, kunobatsira zvakananga kuti mvura irambe ichienderera mberi. Kutarisa kwakakodzera kunobatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko akadai sekuputika kwemvura kana shanduko mukufambiswa kwemvura kunokonzerwa nenzira dzema polymer flooding reinjection. Kutsauka kunoramba kuripo kubva pamaitiro anotarisirwa ehuwandu hwemvura kunoratidza kusarongeka kwemvura kana kusangana kusina kunaka kwemvura inopinzwa mumvura, zvichikonzera kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kwehuwandu hwe polymer, majekiseni emvura, kana makemikari emvura.
Kubatanidzwa kwakasimba kwezvishandiso zvekuyera huwandu hwevanhu pamwe nekushanda mumunda kunoita kuti pave nekugadziriswa kwakanaka kwesimba remafuta, kutarisirwa kwakasimba kwenzvimbo dzemafuta, uye kunotsigira kupora kwakavimbika, kwakachengeteka, uye kunobatsira muhupfumi kwenguva refu. Kushanda pamwe chete pakati pekutarisa, kugadzirisa matambudziko, uye kudzora otomatiki kunobatsira mukubudirira kwetekinoroji dzese dzepamusoro dzemafashamo epolymer uye nzira dzekubatanidza mafuta munzvimbo dzemafuta.
Kubatanidza PWRI neEOR kuti uwane kukosha kukuru
Kugadzira Chirongwa cheIntegrated Water Reinjection-EOR
Kuwedzera kukosha kwekugadzirwa kwemvura inopinzwazve (PWRI) uye kudzoserwa kwemafuta (EOR) kunoda kurongwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa kwesystem kunobatanidza kushandiswa kwemvura inopinzwa, kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura, uye nzira dzepamusoro dzekubvisa mafuta. Chirongwa chakabatanidzwa chinobudirira chinosanganisa kutarisa mvura inopinzwa panguva chaiyo, kurapwa kwemvura inopinzwa zvakanaka pakudzoserwa, uye kushandiswa kwenzira dzakavandudzwa dzekugadzirisa mafuta dzakagadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nedura.
Hwaro hwekubatanidzwa kwemvura hunotanga nekutarisira mvura yakagadzirwa. Mvura inounganidzwa panguva yekugadzira mafuta inofanira kugadziriswa kuti ienderane nemitemo yakatarwa yemugodhi usati waiswazve. Matanho ekurapa anosarudzwa zvichienderana nehunhu hwemvura inogadzirwa, izvo zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Zvishandiso zvekuyera huwandu hwemvura, zvakaita seLonnmeter density metres, zvinopa kuongororwa kunogara kuripo kwehuwandu hwemvura yakabatwa, zvichipa mhinduro nekukurumidza pamusoro pehunhu hwemvura. Kuyerwa uku kwenguva chaiyo kunodzivirira kudzoserwa kwemvura isina hunhu hunoenderana, zvichideredza njodzi dzekuvharika kwemugodhi kana kukuvara.
Munguva yekuiswazve kwemvura, kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwemvura kwakakosha. Mvura inogadzirwa inopinzwa kuti itsigire kumanikidzwa kwemvura inopinzwa, kunonoka kudzikira uye kuwedzera kufambiswa kwemafuta. Kutarisa kwakarurama kwehuwandu hwemvura inopinzwa kunoita kuti mvura inopinzwa ienderane nemaitiro emvura inopinzwa mudziyo, zvichiita kuti ishande zvakanaka uye kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemvura nekuda kwekusiyana kwehuwandu. Pamatekiniki akadai se polymer flooding reinjection, kutarisa viscosity uye density munguva chaiyo inogadzirisa maitiro acho kuti aenderane ne reservoir uye inovandudza kushanda kwese kweEOR.
Kubatanidza nzira dzeEOR dzakadai semafashamo epolymer akakwira kana kuisirwa mvura ine carbonated kunobatanidza kubatana pakati pekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa uye kugadziriswa kwemakemikari munzvimbo yedhamu. Kuisirwa mvura ine carbonated, semuenzaniso, kunoshandura hunhu hwemvura uye kudyidzana kwematombo nemvura, zvichikonzera kuvandudzwa kwekufamba kwemafuta uye mukana wekuti CO₂ sequestration iite. Kuenderana pakati pematekiniki aya uye manejimendi emvura akagadzirwa kunoenderana nesarudzo inotungamirirwa nedata zvichibva pakutsanangurwa kwakakwana kwedhamu, kusanganisira mineralology, compatibility yemvura, uye injectivity analysis.
Muhupenyu hwese hwezvinhu—kubva pakubata mvura yekutanga kugadzirwa, kuburikidza nekutarisa mashandiro emugodhi, uye kusvika pakugadzirisa masisitimu—mamita ekudzikira kwehuwandu hwemvura uye viscosity (akadai seaya anobva kuLonnmeter) akakosha. Anopa data rakakosha kune vanoisa mainjiniya nemainjiniya, achitsigira manejimendi yekuchinja kwechirongwa che reinjection-EOR. Kutarisa nguva chaiyo kunoita kuti mhinduro ikurumidze kupindura kune zvinokanganisa mashandiro uye kunobatsira kuchengetedza nguva yekushanda kwesisitimu, inova chinhu chikuru chinotungamira mukudzoserwa kwemvura mudura uye kudzora mari.
Zviratidzo Zvikuru Zvekushanda (KPIs) uye Kuvandudzwa Kunoramba Kuchienderera Mberi
Kuyera mashandiro echirongwa chePWRI-EOR chakabatanidzwa zvinoenderana neKey Performance Indicators (KPIs) dzakasarudzwa zvakanaka. Pakuiswa kwemvura inogadzirwa, mhando yejekiseni inotariswa kuburikidza nekuyera density panguva chaiyo, zvichiita kuti mvura isvike pachinangwa chemunyu, huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasimba, uye density. Mita yeLonnmeter density, semuenzaniso, inopa vimbiso inogara iripo yekuti mvura yakakodzera chete ndiyo inopinda mudura, zvichideredza njodzi dzekudzikira kweinjection uye kukuvara kwekuumbwa kwayo.
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira kunoratidza kushanda zvakanaka kunoita mvura inopinzwa mujekiseni inobvisa oiri kuenda kumatsime ekugadzira. Izvi zvinokanganiswa nemaitiro emvura inopinzwa mujekiseni—inoteverwa uchishandisa maturusi ekuyera ari mukati—uye kusiyana kwenzvimbo dzemujekiseni. Kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemafuta ndeimwe KPI inokosha; kutarisa kumanikidzwa nguva dzose kunosimbisa kuti nzira dzekupinzwa mujekiseni dziri kuchengetedza kana kudzoreredza kumanikidzwa kwemujekiseni, kunonoka kubuda kwemvura uye kuchengetedza mwero wekugadzirwa kwemafuta.
Nguva yekushanda kwesystem, nguva yekutevera nguva yekuisa mvura isina kukanganiswa uye kushanda kweEOR, zvinotsigira hupfumi hweprojekiti yese. Kukanganisika kana kutsauka, senge kudzikira kwehunhu hwemvura inogadzirwa kana kudzikira kwepressure kusingatarisirwi, zvinoonekwa nekukurumidza uchishandisa masisitimu ekutarisa akabatanidzwa.
Kuedza kwekuvandudza kunotungamirwa nedata kunosanganisa maKPI aya kutsigira kugadziriswa kunoramba kuripo. Mainjiniya vanogara vachiongorora mafambiro ehuwandu hwedata, kumanikidzwa kwejekiseni, uye kuenzanisa kushanda zvakanaka kuti vagadzirise maparamita ekurapa, huwandu hwepolymer, kana huwandu hwejekiseni—vachiisa kuvandudzwa kwakawedzerwa kwakagadzirirwa mamiriro ekuchengetedza ari kuchinja uye mashandiro. Kune minda yakakura, nzira iyi yekudzokorora inogonesa kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta kwenguva refu uye inowedzera hupenyu hwezvinhu, sezvakaratidzwa muzvidzidzo zveindasitiri apo Decision Support Systems uye kutarisa kunoramba kuripo zvakawana kudzikiswa kukuru mukushandiswa kwemvura uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa.
Neruzivo rwakasimba rwe inline density uye viscosity, vashandisi vanogona kubatanidza mashandiro esystem ne injection parameters munguva chaiyo. Kana KPI yakadai se sweep efficiency ikadonha, chikonzero chikuru—ingava mvura, density mismatch, kana mechanical failure—chinogona kuteverwa nekukurumidza, zvichitsigira kupindira panguva yakakodzera.
Mabasa akabatanidzwa ePWRI-EOR anoshandisa kuyerwa kwenguva chaiyo, kuteverwa kweKPI nguva dzose, uye manejimendi anochinjika kuti awedzere kudzoserwa kwemafuta, kuvimbika kwesystem, uye kutevedzera mitemo. Iyi nzira yehupenyu inovimbisa kuti mvura inogadzirwa inoshandurwa kubva murwizi rwemarara kuita chinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwemudura uye kudzoserwa kwemafuta zvakanyanya, zvichitsigirwa nematekinoroji akadai seLonnmeter density metres ekugadzirisa oilfield reinjection.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Chii chinonzi inline density measurement, uye nei ichikosha pakuiswazve kwemvura yakagadzirwa (PWRI)?
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura (inline density) ndiko kuongorora nguva nenguva kwehuwandu hwemvura zvakananga mumutsara wekuita, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwekutorwa kwemasampuli nemaoko. Muchirevo chekugadzirwa kwemvura zvakare (PWRI), inopa ruzivo rwekukurumidza pamusoro pehuwandu hwemvura kana polymer solutions dziri kudzoserwa mudura. Izvi zvakakosha pakuona kuti kuumbwa kwemvura yakadzoserwa kunoramba kuri mukati mezvinodiwa zvakanaka, kudzivirira kuvharika kwekugadzira, kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwedura, uye kuona kuti mitemo inoenderana. Semuenzaniso, kuchinja kamwe kamwe muhuwandu kunogona kuratidza kupinda kwemafuta, gasi, kana zvinhu zvakasimba, zvichibvumira vashandi kukurumidza kupindira nekudzivirira kukuvara kwemidziyo kana kugadzirwa kwayo. Kugona kuramba uchitevera huwandu kunotsigira mashandiro anoshanda zvakanaka, akachengeteka, uye anoteverwa nedhijitari, kuderedza mari yekushanda uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemafuta munzvimbo yemafuta.
Kudzorerwa kwemvura kunobatsira sei nzira dzekuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta (EOR)?
Kupinza mvura yakasanganiswa kunoita basa guru mukuvandudza nzira dzekudzoreredza mafuta. Nekupinza mvura yakasanganiswa, vashandi vanochengetedza kumanikidzwa kwemugodhi, izvo zvakakosha pakubvisa mafuta uye kuaendesa kumatsime ekugadzira. Maitiro aya akakosha kune ese ari maviri nzira dzechinyakare dzemvura dzinofashamira uye nzira dzepamusoro dzekushandisa mvura yakasanganiswa nemapolymer. Kana mhinduro dzepolymer dzikaiswa, kudzora huwandu hwemapolymer kunochengetedza huwandu hwakakodzera, zvichikanganisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura uye kutama kwemafuta. Mugumisiro wacho unowedzera mwero wekudzoreredza mafuta kubva muminda iripo uye kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo kwakagadziridzwa nekuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura yakachena uye kutarisira mvura inogadzirwa zvine hungwaru.
Ndezvipi zvinetso zvikuru zvekurapa mvura yakagadzirwa kuti idzoserwezve?
Matambudziko makuru ekugadzirisa mvura inogadzirwa kuti ishandiswezve anosanganisira kubvisa zvinhu zvakasvibiswa zvakaita semahydrocarbon akasara, zvinhu zvakamiswa, uye zvinhu zvakasikwa. Kana zvinhu izvi zvisina kubviswa zvakakwana, pane njodzi yekuvhara maburi emugodhi kana matsime ejekiseni, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nekupinza uye kukuvara kunogona kuitika mudura. Semuenzaniso, kutakurwa kwemafuta kana huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakaoma zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka kwemvura uye kukanganisa zvakananga maitiro emugodhi. Kurapa kwakanaka kunoderedza njodzi dzekuora nekukwira, zvichibatsira pakuvimbika kwekushanda kwenguva refu. Kuwana hunhu hwemvura hwakakwirira nguva dzose kunowanzoda nzira yakabatana, kusanganisa kuparadzaniswa kwemuviri, kusefa, uye kurapwa kwemakemikari - chimwe nechimwe chichikanganiswa nemhinduro dzinoenderera mberi kubva pakuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo.
Chii chinoita basa reLonnmeter density meter muPWRI uye polymer flood?
Chiyero cheLonnmeter density meter chakagadzirirwa kupa zviyero zvakarurama uye panguva chaiyo zvehuwandu hwemvura mukushandiswa kwakakosha kwemafuta, kusanganisira PWRI uye advanced polymer flood injection. Kutarisa nguva chaiyo neLonnmeter kunotsigira kudzora kwakaringana kwepolymer dosing, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhinduro dzakapinzwazve dzinoramba dziri mukati mewindo reconcentration rinodiwa kuti zvive nyore kutsvaira uye kukuvara kushoma pakuumbwa. Kutevera nguva dzose density meter kunobatsira vashandi kuona kuti mvura inogadzirwa yakarapwa zvakanaka uye haina tsvina yakawanda, zvichideredza mukana wekukundikana kwematsime uye kuwedzera kushanda kweEOR. Nekupa data rakavimbika zvakananga panzvimbo yekupinza, Lonnmeter density meter inoshanda sechishandiso chakakosha chekusimbisa mhando yemabasa ekuvandudza kudzoreredza mafuta.
Kudzorerwa kwemvura mukugadzirwa kunobatsira sei pakuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa?
Kuwedzerwa kwemvura inogadzirwa kunobatsira kuenzana nehuwandu hwemvura inobviswa panguva yekugadzira mafuta, nokudaro zvichidzikamisa kumanikidzwa kwekugadzirwa. Kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwakakwana kwakakosha kuti mafuta abudiswe zvakanaka, sezvo kunodzivirira kuparara kwetangi, kudzora kugadzirwa kwemvura kana gasi risingadiwe, uye kunobatsira kuchengetedza mwero wekuyerera kwemafuta muhupenyu hwese hwemunda. Semuenzaniso, kugadziriswa kwedzvinyiriro zvisina kunaka kunogona kutungamira kudzikira kwetangi kana kudzikira kwezvinhu zvinodzoreredza. Kushandisa maturusi ekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoburitswa panguva chaiyo yekuwedzerwa kwetangi kunoita kuti vashandi vagone kutarisa nekuchengetedza huwandu hwemvura uye huwandu hwejekiseni, zvichitsigira zvakananga kusimba kwenguva refu uye kubereka kwetangi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2025
