Munzira dzekugadzirisa mafuta ekuwedzera (EOR) nemakemikari—kunyanya mafashamo epolymer mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emvura yakadzika uye gasi—kudzora kwakaringana kwe polyacrylamide solution viscosity kwakakosha zvikuru. Kuwana kushanda zvakanaka mumatura emafuta kunoda kugadzirisa hunhu hwe polymer solution nguva nenguva. Nzira dzechinyakare dzekuyera viscosity dzinobva murabhoritari dzinononoka, dzichivimba nekutora sampuro nemaoko nguva nenguva uye kuongororwa kunononoka. Musiyano uyu unogona kutungamira pakuiswa kwe polymer zvisina kurongeka, kudzora kufamba kwejekiseni zvisina kunaka, uye pakupedzisira, kudzikisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta kana kuwedzera mari yekushanda. Zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity zviri mukati zvino zvinogonesa kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo, nguva dzose, zvakananga mukugadzirwa, kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda nekukurumidza kwemuminda yemvura yakadzika uye kuona kuti viscosity inotungamirwa zviri nani kune ma polymer ekuwedzera mafuta.
Kufashamirwa kwePolymer uye Kudzorerwa kweOiri Yakawedzerwa Muminda yeOiri neGasi yeMvura Yakadzama
Kuvandudzwa kwemafuta (EOR) kunosanganisira matekiniki epamusoro-soro akagadzirwa kuti awedzere kutorwa kwemafuta kupfuura zvinoitwa nenzira dzekutanga nedzechipiri. Sezvo kutsvaga mafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika kuri kuwedzera, matangi aya anowanzo kuve nemaumbirwo akaomarara ejiyoloji uye mitengo yakakwira yekushanda, zvichiita kuti EOR ive yakakosha pakuwedzera matura ekuchengetedza uye kuvandudza hupfumi hwekusimudzira mafuta negasi.
Kudzoreredza mafuta kubva mumafashamo epolymer inzira inotungamira yemakemikari eEOR inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemvura. Mumafashamo epolymer, mapolymer anonyungudika mumvura—anowanzo hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)—anowedzerwa mumvura yakapinzwa, zvichiwedzera kusimba kwayo uye zvichiita kuti ikwanise kudzora kufamba kwayo mukati medura. Maitiro aya anonyanya kukosha kumahombekombe, uko chiyero chisina kunaka chekufamba pakati pemvura yakapinzwa nemafuta akapinzwa chinoganhurira kushanda kwemafashamo emvura enguva dzose.
Mumafashamo emvura echinyakare, mvura ine simba shoma inodarika mafuta ne "kupinza" munzvimbo dzinopinda mvura yakawanda, zvichiita kuti huwandu hwakawanda hwehydrocarbon husawanikwe. Mafashamo epolymer anodzivirira izvi nekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwematangi emafuta, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yekutama ive yakasimba inoita kuti chikamu chikuru chetangi chitsvairwe uye mafuta aendeswe kumatsime ekugadzira. Ruzivo rwemumunda runoratidza kuti polymer EOR inogona kuwedzera kusvika ku10% mukudzoserwa kwemafuta panguva yekuzadzwa kwemvura, uye kusvika ku13% mukuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo dzekuongorora.
Zvipingamupinyi zvehupfumi uye zvekufambisa zvinhu munzvimbo dzakadzika mvura zvinosimudzira kukosha kwekushanda zvakanaka kwemabasa. Mafashamo epolymer akaratidza kugona kuderedza kuderedzwa kwemvura, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba rekushandisa mvura uye kupatsanurana—mabhenefiti akakosha ekuisa mafuta mugungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, nzira iyi inogona kuderedza huwandu hwekabhoni mukugadzirwa kwemafuta nekuderedza zvinodiwa pakutarisira mvura, zvichitsigira zvinangwa zvekuderedza utsi.
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemafashamo epolymer kunoenderana nekuyera kwakanyatsojeka kwe viscosity yemapolymer anodzoreredza mafuta. Matekinoroji akadai semidziyo yekuyera viscosity yemafuta ari mukati, michina yekuyedza viscosity yemafuta, uye mapuroteni ekuyedza viscosity yepolymer anoshanda zvakanyanya zvakakosha mukudzora hunhu hwe polymer solution, kuve nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma epasi pegungwa. Kuyera uku kunogonesa kuongorora kwakarurama kwe polyacrylamide solution viscosity, zvichivandudza kuvandudzwa kwekushanda zvakanaka uye hupfumi hwese hwemashandisirwo emafashamo epolymer.
Munda weOiri neGasi
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Basa Rinokosha reViscosity muPolymer Flooding
Nei Kusviba Kwakakosha Pakufashamo KwePolymer Kunobudirira
Kusimba kwemafuta kuri pakati pemafashamo epolymer kunowedzera kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta nekuti kunodzora zvakananga huwandu hwekufamba pakati pemvura inobviswa uye mvura inobviswa mudura. Mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emvura yakadzika uye gasi, chinangwa ndechekuunganidza mafuta akawanda akasara sezvinobvira nekuona kuti mvura inopinzwa (kazhinji mhinduro yemvura yepolyacrylamide, kazhinji HPAM) inofamba ne viscosity inosiyana zvakanaka neyemafuta emuno. Viscosity iyi yakakwira inobvumira mhinduro yepolymer kuti ifambe nepakati pehuwandu hwakawanda hwedura, zvichivandudza kusangana pakati pemvura inobviswa uye mahydrocarbon akavharirwa.
Kusarudzwa kwe polymer solution viscosity inzira yekuenzanisa. Yakaderera zvakanyanya, uye mvura inotevera nzira dzakagara dziripo dzekupindira kwemvura, ichidarika mafuta akawanda; yakakwira zvakanyanya, uye matambudziko ekushandisa injection anomuka, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekuvharika kwemvura, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kana nzvimbo dzisingapindi mvura zvakanyanya dzinowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzakadzika. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kugadzirisa huwandu hweHPAM nokungwarira—kazhinji mukati me3000–3300 mg/L yekushandiswa kwemvura yakadzika—kunobvumira vashandi kuwedzera kufambiswa kwemafuta pasina kusangana nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwejekiseni kana matambudziko ekushanda.
Hukama Huripo Pakati Pekusimba Kwemushonga wePolymer uye Kushanda Zvakanaka Kwemushonga weSweep
Kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta emudura kunomiririra chikamu chemafuta emudura icho mushonga wepolymer wakapinzwa unobvisa zvinobudirira. Chakabatana zvakananga nechiyero cheviscosity (M), chinotsanangurwa seviscosity yemvura inobvisa yakakamurwa nekukasira kwemafuta akabviswa:
M = μ_kubviswa / μ_mafuta
Kana M yasvika pa1, kumberi kunofamba zvakaenzana, zvichikurudzira kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira uye kuderedza kusviba kweminwe (kazhinji kacho mvura ine viscosity shoma inodarika mafuta uye kugadzira nzira dzinobudirira). Kuwedzera viscosity yemvura—kazhinji nekunyungudutsa HPAM kana mahybrids ayo—kunogona kushandura chiyero chekufamba kuenda kune zvakakosha, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira zvichienzaniswa nekufashamira kwemvura.
Humbowo hwechokwadi hunoratidza kuti kushandisa mhinduro dzepolymer dzine viscosity yakakura kunoguma nekudzoserwa kwemafuta zvishoma nezvishoma kwe5%-10%, asi kunogona kusvika pa23% muzvidzidzo zve microfluidic zvinodzorwa uchishandisa 0.1% PAM. Kuvandudzwa uku kunoshandura kuva kubudirira kunooneka pachiyero chemunda, kunyanya kana mapolymer akagadzirwa kuti akwanise kutsungirira matambudziko ekupisa uye munyu anowanikwa mukutsvaga mafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika.
Mhedzisiro yePolyacrylamide Viscosity pakuwedzera kufambiswa kwemafuta
Kusviba kunokonzerwa nepolyacrylamide ndiyo inonyanya kukosha mukugadzira nzira dzekugadzirisa mafuta dzakagadzirwa nemakemikari, zvichiratidza kuti mafashamo anokonzerwa nemafuta anowanikwa sei uye kuti akaenzana sei. Zvidzidzo zverabhoritari, zvemunda, uye zvekufananidzira zvinosimbisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoita kuti kusviba kwepolyacrylamide kuwedzere kufambiswa kwemafuta:
- Kudzora Kufamba Kwakavandudzwa:Kuwedzera kwe viscosity kunoderedza kufamba kwemvura nemafuta, zvichideredza kupinza kweminwe uye kutenderera kwenzira ukuwo zvichiwedzera kubata nemafuta asina kutsvairwa.
- Kufambiswa Kwakawedzerwa Munzvimbo Dzemvura Dzakasiyana-siyana:Kuramba kwakanyanya kuyerera kunoita kuti nzvimbo iri kumberi iende kunzvimbo dzine mvura shoma, zvichiita kuti pave nemahydrocarbons asina kupfuudzwa.
- Kufamba kweSynergistic uye Mhedzisiro yeKubata Capillary:Kana zvikasanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu (semuenzaniso, nanoparticles, branched gels), masisitimu epolyacrylamide ane viscosity yakakwira anoratidza kuvandudzwa kwakawanda mukushanda kwekutsvaira uye kwekufamba, kunyanya mumamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya kana munyu wakawanda.
Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nepolymer/nano-SiO₂ zvakaratidza kusvika ku181 mPa·s viscosity pa90°C, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka mumamiriro emvura yakadzika apo HPAM yakajairika yaizoora kana kuti yakanyikwa zvakanyanya. Saizvozvowo, polyacrylamide yakasanganiswa nepolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) inoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mapolymer asiri mahybrid mukuchengetedza viscosity pasi pemvura ine hunyoro uye tembiricha. Kufambira mberi uku kunobvumira kushandiswa kwemapolymer mafashamo mumunda, zvichitungamira zvakananga mukubviswa kwemafuta akawanda munzvimbo dzinonetsa.
Pakupedzisira, kugona kuyera nekugadzira viscosity yemhinduro yepolyacrylamide nemazvo—uchishandisa nzira dzepamusoro dzekuyera viscosity yemhinduro yepolymer uye zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta mukati—kuchiri hwaro hwemapurojekiti epolymer anobudirira uye asingadhuri muminda yemafuta negasi yemazuva ano.
Nheyo uye Matekiniki ePolymer Solution Viscosity Measurement
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity ndiko kunonyanya kukosha mu polymer flood enhanced oil recovery (EOR), kuchipesvedzera kufamba kwemvura, kushanda zvakanaka kwe sweep mumatura emafuta, uye kubudirira kwese kwe chemical enhanced oil recovery techniques. Polyacrylamide nezvimwe zvinobva mairi zvakaita se hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) ma polymer anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Mhinduro yavo rheology—kunyanya viscosity—inokanganisa zvakananga kuvandudzwa kwe polymer flood efficiency sweep, kunyanya pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye munyu unowanzoonekwa mukukura kwemafuta emvura yakadzika uye gasi.
Maviscometer eCapillary
Ma capillary viscometers anoona viscometer nekuyera nguva yekuyerera kwe polymer solution kuburikidza nechubhu yakamanikana pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakatarwa kana giravhiti. Nzira iyi iri nyore uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuongorora michina yekuongorora viscosity yemafuta yakafanana nemvura kusvika pakati nepakati. Standard capillary viscometry inofunga maitiro eNewtonian, zvichiita kuti ive yakavimbika pakudzora mhando uko mwero wekuchekwa kwepolymer solutions unoramba wakaderera uye maumbirwo asina kukanganiswa zvakanyanya.
Miganhu:
- Mapolymer asiri eNewtonian:Mazhinji maEOR polymers anoratidza maitiro ekutetepa uye e-viscoelastic asingabate nzira dzekare dze capillary, zvichikonzera kusatarisirwa kana kuratidzwa zvisirizvo kwe viscosity chaiyo yemunda.
- Kupararira kwehuwandu uye mhedzisiro yekutarisa:Kuverengwa kwe capillary viscometer kunogona kukanganiswa mu polymer solutions dzine kugoverwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwehuremu hwemamorekuru, kana mu dilute/complex mixtures inowanzoitwa mumunda.
- Kuomarara kwekutetepa kweElastocapillary:Kunyange hazvo ma "capillary break-up extensional rheometers" achigona kuongorora extension viscosity, mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana zvakanyanya ne geometry uye parameters dzakashandiswa, zvichiwedzera kusava nechokwadi kune mhedzisiro ye polymer flooding fluids.
Maviscometer anotenderera
Ma "rotational viscometers" ndiwo musimboti we "kuongorora viscosity yemhinduro yepolyacrylamidemumarabhoritari nemumafekitori ekuedza. Zvishandiso izvi zvinoshandisa spindle inotenderera kana bob inonyudzwa mumuenzaniso, zvichiyera kuramba mafambiro emhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
Simba:
- Kugona kutsanangura maitiro asiri eNewtonian, akadai sekuchekerera, uko kusviba kunoderera sezvo kucheka kuchiwedzera—chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muhuwandu hwemvura dzinoyerera dzeEOR.
- Bvumira kuiswa kwemuenzaniso (semuenzaniso, power-law, Bingham) kuti uone kuti viscosity inotsamira papi pakuchekwa kwesimbi.
- Tsigira kuongorora tembiricha nemunyu nekuenzanisa mamiriro akaita sedura uye kuona mashandiro azvo pakusviba.
Mienzaniso:
- Kana tembiricha/munyu zvakakwirira zvichikwira, HPAM nemapolymers akagadzirwa zvinoderera kana kuenderana, izvo zvinoderedza viscosity inoshanda; maitiro aya anoonekwa zviri nyore mu rotational viscometry.
- Ma rheometer anotenderera anogona kutevedzera mamiriro ekumanikidzwa anotarisirwa pasi kuti aongorore kurasikirwa kwe viscosity uye kuora kwecheni—zvakakosha pakuongorora viscosity ye polymer inoshanda zvakanyanya uye kusarudzwa kwe polymer kwakasimba.
Kuyerwa kweInline Viscosity: Maitiro Emazuva Ano uye Zvishandiso
Zvishandiso zvekuyera Viscosity: Tsananguro uye Mashandiro
Ma viscometer emazuva ano akagadzirwa kuti anyatsopinda mumitsetse yemaitiro, achipa ongororo ye viscosity inoramba ichiitwa pasina chikonzero chekukanganiswa kwesampuli. Matekinoroji makuru anosanganisira:
Maviscometer Anodedera:Midziyo yakaita seLonnmeter viscometers inoshandisa zvinhu zvinotenderera zvakanyudzwa mumushonga wepolymer. Kukura uye kunyorovesa kwekudengenyeka kunoenderana zvakananga nekusimba uye huwandu, zvichibvumira kuyerwa kwakavimbika muzvinwiwa zvine zvikamu zvakawanda kana zvisiri zveNewtonian senge mhinduro dzepolyacrylamide. Izvi zvakasimba pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa, uye zvakakodzera kushanda munzvimbo dzemafuta.
Mabhenefiti eKutarisa Nguva Dzose Paindaneti Mukushanda Kwemafashamo ePolymer
Kufambira mberi pakuyera viscosity inoenderera mberi, iri mukati memumunda wemafashamo epolymer kunounza kufambira mberi kwekushanda kwemazinga akawanda:
Kubudirira Kwakawedzerwa Kwekutsvaira:Kugara uchitarisa kunoita kuti pave nekukasika kana polymer viscosity ikadonha kunze kwenzvimbo yakakodzera, zvichiwedzera kufamba kwemafuta uye kutama kwemafuta panguva yemafashamo emapolymer.
Kugadziriswa Kwemaitiro Otomatiki:Zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta zviri mukati zvakabatana nemapuratifomu eSCADA zvinorerutsira kudzora kweclosed-loop, uko dosing kana tembiricha zvinogona kugadziriswa otomatiki zvichienderana nekuongorora viscosity yemhinduro yepolyacrylamide panguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinowedzera kugadzikana kwemaitiro, zvinochengeta musanganiswa wechigadzirwa mukati mezvinodiwa zvishoma (±0.5% mune dzimwe nyaya), uye zvinoderedza marara epolymer.
Kuderedzwa Kwenguva Yekushanda Nekushanda Kwevashandi:Masisitimu anoshanda otomatiki, ari mukati memutsara anotsiva kutorwa kwemasampuli nemaoko kakawanda, zvichikurumidzisa nguva yekupindura uye zvichideredza kudiwa kwevashandi vemumunda vakazvipira pakuongorora nguva dzose.
Maitiro uye Kushanda Nemari:Sezvakaratidzwa nekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri akadai seSolartron 7827 neCVI's ViscoPro 2100, kutarisa nguva dzose kwe viscosity kunogona kuwedzera kuburitswa kwemafuta kusvika ku20%, kuderedza kushandiswa kwepolymer, uye kuvandudza mashandiro ereactor kana tsime kuburikidza nekudzora mhando chaiyo.
Data Rakavandudzwa reAnalytics:Kuburitswa kwedata munguva chaiyo kunopa simba rekuongorora kwepamusoro-soro, kubva pakugadzirisa maitiro enguva dzose kusvika pakugadzirisa zvinofanotaurwa, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemari uye kufungidzira mashandiro emapolymer flooding.
Maitiro Akakosha Ekusarudza Zvishandiso Zvekuyera Mafuta Ekushandisa Mumunda
Pakusarudza michina yekuyera viscosity yemapolymers anodzoreredza mafuta munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dziri kure, izvi zvinonyanya kukosha:
Kugara kwenguva refu uye Kusagadzikana Kwezvakatipoteredza:Midziyo inofanira kutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya (HTHP), mvura inoparadza, uye zvidimbu zvinokwenya zvinowanzoonekwa mumvura yakadzika. Simbi isina ngura uye nzvimbo dzakavharirwa dzakavharirwa, sezvinoitwa neRheonics SRV, zvakakosha kuti zvinhu zvigare kwenguva refu.
Kuyera Kwakarurama uye Kugadzikana:Kubhadhara tembiricha yepamusoro uye kusimbaradza kwakakosha sezvo kuderera kudiki mu viscosity kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina uye kudzoreredza mafuta. Midziyo inofanirwa kunge yakanyorwa kuti yakarurama sei pamusoro petembiricha yekushanda uye kumanikidzwa.
Kugadzirira Kubatanidzwa uye Kugadzirira Kuzvigadzira:Kuenderana neSCADA, IoT telemetry, uye mabhazi edhijitari ekutarisa ari kure ikozvino ndiyo tarisiro yekutanga. Tsvaga nzira dzekuchenesa wega, kugadzirisa dhijitari, uye kutumira data rakachengeteka kuti uderedze kugadziriswa.
Kugona Kushanda Nguva Dzose:Midziyo inofanira kushanda isina kuvharwa nguva dzose kana kugadziriswazve, zvichiita kuti ishande nguva dzese uye kuderedza zvinodiwa pakupindira—chinhu chakakosha pakuiswa kwemagetsi asina vanhu kana pasi pegungwa.
Kutevedzera Mutemo uye Kutevedzera Maindasitiri:Midziyo inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvekuchengetedza, kushandira pamwe kwemagetsi, uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu sezvinoitwa muchikamu chemafuta negasi.
Kushandiswa kwechokwadi kunoda kuti michina yekuongorora viscosity iri mukati ive yakasimba, inoshanda otomatiki, yakagadzirira network, uye yakanyatsojeka—ichipa kudzora viscosity kusingadzoreki senzira huru yekuongorora mafuta negesi muEOR yemazuva ano uye mukutsvaga mafuta negesi mumvura yakadzika.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinofanira Kufungwa Nezve Polyacrylamide Solution Viscosity Management
Kutarisira zvakanaka kusviba kwakakosha pakudzorerwa kwemafuta emafashamo epolymer (EOR), kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwemafuta nemagasi mumvura yakadzika uko zvinhu zvinokanganisa nharaunda zvakanyanya. Kuongorora kusviba kwemvura yePolyacrylamide solution kunoita basa guru mukuwana kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta mumatangi emafuta.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kusviba kwePolyacrylamide Solution muMamiriro Emvura Yakadzika
Munyu
- Migumisiro yemunyu wakawanda:Matangi emvura yakadzika anowanzova nekuwanda kwemunyu, kusanganisira ma monovalent (Na⁺) uye divalent (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) cations. Aya ma ions anodzvanya electric double layer akakomberedza polyacrylamide chains, zvichikonzera coiling uye kuderedza solution viscosity. Ma divalent cations ane mhedzisiro yakanyanya, anoderedza viscosity zvakanyanya uye anoderedza kushanda kwepolymer flooding sweep efficiency.
- Muenzaniso:Muzviitiko zvakaita semugodhi weQinghai Gasi, masisitimu epolymer nesurfactant-polymer (SP) akagadziriswa aidiwa kuti arambe achichengetedza viscosity uye arambe achishanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine munyu wakawanda.
- Kuora kwekupisa:Kupisa kwakanyanya mumvura yakadzika kunoita kuti hydrolysis uye kuputsika kwemaketani epolyacrylamide kuwedzere. Mishonga yepolyacrylamide (HPAM) inorasikirwa ne viscosity nekukurumidza sezvo huremu hwemamorekuru huchidzikira pasi pekumanikidzwa kwekupisa.
- Mhinduro dzeKugadzikana kweThermal:Masisitimu eHPAM ane nanocomposite, ane nanoparticles dzakabatanidzwa (dzakadai sesilica kana alumina), akaratidza kugadzikana kwekupisa kwakawedzera, achichengetedza viscosity zviri nani patembiricha inosvika 90°C zvichikwira.
- Kukanganisa kweMichina:Kuchekwa kwakanyanya kwemvura kubva pakupomba, kupinza, kana kuyerera kuburikidza nemafomu ane maburi kunokonzera kutsemuka kwecheni dzepolymer, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwe viscosity. Kudzokororwa kwepombi kunogona kuderedza viscosity kusvika ku50%, zvichikanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta.
- Maitiro eKuchekerera Zvidimbu:Mhinduro dzePolacrylamide dzinoratidza kutetepa kweganda—kusimba kunoderera sezvo mwero wekuchekwa kweganda uchiwedzera. Izvi zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo mukushandiswa kwepolymer flooding field, sezvo kuyerwa kwe viscosity pamhando dzakasiyana dzekuchekwa kweganda kunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya.
- Simba reKusachena:Mvura inogadzirwa mudziva remvura ine mvura yakawanda uye inogadzirwa mumafuta inowanzova netsvina yakaita sesimbi, sulfides, kana mahydrocarbon. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuputsika kana kunaya kwemvura mupolymer solutions, zvichiita kuti kutaridzika kwe viscosity kuve kwakaoma.
- Kupindirana Nezvimwe Zvinowedzerwa:Kudyidzana kwemakemikari pakati pepolyacrylamide nemasurfactants kana ma crosslinking agents kunogona kuchinja hunhu hwe viscosity hunotarisirwa, zvichiwedzera kana kukanganisa mashandiro eEOR.
- Sarudzo yePolymer Yakagadzirwa Nemunhu:Kusarudza mhando dzeHPAM kana kugadzira ma copolymer e polyacrylamide ane sulfonated akakodzera munyu netembiricha zvinovandudza kuchengetedza viscosity. Nzira dzekuyera viscosity dzinobva murabhoritari dzinotungamira kusarudzwa kwekutanga, asi ruzivo rwemunda runofanira kusimbisa mhedzisiro mumamiriro chaiwo ekushanda.
- Kubatanidzwa kweNanomaterials:Kuisa nanoparticles—dzakadai seSiO₂, Al₂O₃, kana nanocellulose—kunowedzera simba repolymer pakusagadzikana kwekupisa uye kwemakanika, sezvakaratidzwa mumiedzo yekufashamira kwenanocomposite. Nzira iyi iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya kurwisa migumisiro yakaipa inobva mukuoma kwenzvimbo dzemvura.
- Kudzora Kuwanda kweIon:Kuderedza huwandu hwema "divalent cations" kuburikidza nekuchenesa mvura kana kupukuta nemvura yakapfava kunoderedza kubatana kwe "ionic" uye kunoita kuti polymer chain irambe ichikura, zvichiita kuti viscosity inopinda iwedzere.
- Kuenderana kweSurfactant neCross-linker:Kugadzirisa makemikari esurfactants kana cross-linkers kuti aenderane nemarudzi epolymer anonyanya kukosha kunodzivirira kunaya kwemvura uye kudzikira kwe viscosity kusingatarisirwi.
- Kuderedza Kuonekwa kweShear:Kugadzira sisitimu yekuisa jekiseni (uchishandisa mapombi asina kuchekwa zvakanyanya, kusanganisa zvinyoro nyoro, uye mapaipi akatsetseka) kunoderedza kuchekwa kwecheni yepolymer. Kugadzira nzira dzakaboorwa zvakanaka kuderedza kuyerera kwemvura kunobatsirawo kuchengetedza viscosity.
- Kushandisa Inline Oil Viscosity Measurement Instruments:Kushandisa inline viscosity meters kana virtual viscosity meters (VVM) kunobvumira kutarisa chaiyo nguva chaiyo ye polyacrylamide viscosity panguva yekubaiwa jekiseni, zvichiita kuti mhinduro dzikurumidze kune chero kurasikirwa kwe viscosity.
- Maitiro Ekutarisa Kusviba:Kubatanidza michina yekuyedza viscosity yemafuta emurabhoritari uye kuyerwa kwemukati memunda kunopa zvakakwanakudzora kusvibahurongwa, hunokosha pakuchengetedza kugadzikana kubva pakuchengetera kusvika pakupinda mudura.
- MaModheru eViscosity anotungamirirwa neData:Kushandisa mamodheru anoshanduka-shanduka, anotungamirirwa nedata anotsanangura tembiricha, munyu, uye mhedzisiro yekucheka kunoita kuti pave nekugadziriswa kwemaparamita ejekiseni—huwandu hwepolymer, mwero wejekiseni, uye kutevedzana—panguva chaiyo.
- Adaptive CMG kana Eclipse Simulations:Masimikira epamusoro ekuchengetedza mvura anoshandisa zviyero zvakayerwa uye zvakaenzanisirwa zve viscosity kuti agadzirise maitiro emafashamo, kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kwematangi emafuta, uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwepolymer kuburikidza nekuora kana kunyudzwa.
- Kusimbiswa kweMunda:Munzvimbo dzemvura yakadzika dzeBohai Bay neSouth China Sea, mapurojekiti ekuedza akashandisa nanocomposite HPAM ine inline viscosity monitoring kuti awane mafashamo epolymer akasimba, anoshanda zvakanaka pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye munyu.
- Kubudirira kweMafashamo eSP:Matura emvura anodziya zvakanyanya uye ane munyu wakawanda akashuma kuti mafuta anowanikwa mugungwa akawedzera kusvika ku15% mushure mekugadziriswa kwe polymer viscosity ne SP blends uye nanoparticle stabilization.
Tembiricha
Kuora Kweganda
Kusachena uye Kudyidzana kweMakemikoro
Maitiro Ekuchengetedza Kusimba KwePolyacrylamide Mujekiseni Rese
Kugadzirisa Kuumbwa Kwemaumbirwo
Kutarisirwa kweElectrolyte neAdditive
Maitiro eMichina neMashandiro
Kugadzira Maitiro uye Kugadzirisa Kuchinja
Mienzaniso kubva kuMashandisirwo Emumunda
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity kunobudirira kwema polymer anodzoreredza mafuta kunoda kutarisirwa kwakanyatsonaka kwezvinhu izvi zvinopesvedzera uye kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvemazuva ano—kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakutarisa mukati—kuona kuti mafashamo ema polymer anobudirira munzvimbo dzakaoma dzekutsvaga mafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika.
Polyacrylamide Yekuvandudza Kudzoreredza Mafuta
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Kuve nechokwadi chekuti Polymer Inoshanda Zvakakwana: Matambudziko Nemhinduro
Maitiro ekuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta epolymer mumvura yakadzika mukutsvaga mafuta negasi anotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvekushanda zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura uye kushandiswa kwemapolymer. Kuchengetedza kunaka kwemvura yepolyacrylamide kwakakosha zvikuru, sezvo kunyangwe kutsauka kudiki kunogona kuderedza mashandiro emugodhi uye hupfumi hwepurojekiti.
Matambudziko Ekushanda
1. Kuora kweMichina
Mapolymer ePolacrylamide anogona kukuvadzwa nekanika panguva yese yekuisirwa uye kuyerera kwemvura. Masimba ekuchekwa kwemvura akawanda—anowanikwa mumapombi, mitsetse yejekiseni, uye pahuro dzakamanikana—anotyora cheni refu dzepolymer, izvo zvinoderedza viscosity zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, mapolymer eHPAM ane huremu hwakawanda (>10 MDa) anogona kusangana nekudonha kwakanyanya kwehuremu hwemamorekuru (dzimwe nguva kusvika 200 kDa) mushure mekupfuura nemumidziyo ine shear yakawanda kana dombo rakamanikana rekuchengetedza. Kudzikira uku kunoshandura kutadza kushanda zvakanaka uye kutadza kufamba zvakanaka, zvichizopedzisira zvaita kuti mafuta adzoke zvishoma nezvishoma. Kupisa kwakanyanya uye okisijeni yakanyungudutswa zvinowedzera mwero wekuora, kunyangwe shanduko mukumanikidzwa uye munyu zvisina simba zvakanyanya munyaya iyi.
2. Kunyudzwa uye Kuchengetwa muDziva
Mamorekuru ePolacrylamide anogona kunyudzwa kana kuvharirwa pamusoro pezvicherwa mukati medombo rekuchengetedza, zvichideredza huwandu hwepolymer hunoshanda huchipararira kuburikidza nepakati pemaburi. Mujecha, kunyudzwa kwemuviri, kubatwa kwemechanical, uye kusangana kwemagetsi kunoshanda zvikuru. Nzvimbo dzine munyu wakawanda, dzakajairika mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emvura yakadzika uye gasi, dzinowedzera izvi, nepo matombo akapwanyika anowedzera kuoma kupfuura kwepolymer - dzimwe nguva zvichideredza kuchengetedza asi zvichikonzera kufanana kwekutsvaira. Kunyudzwa kwakanyanya hakungoderedzi chete kushandiswa kwemakemikari asi kunogonawo kuchinja viscosity iri mukati, zvichikanganisa kudzora kufamba kwacho.
3. Mhinduro Yekukwegura uye Kuenderana Kwemakemikari
Mhinduro dzepolymer dzinogona kuora nemakemikari kana kuti nehupenyu hwemuviri usati wabaya, panguva, uye mushure mekubaya. Divalent cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) mumvura inogadzirwa inoita kuti mvura iungane uye inaye, zvichiita kuti viscosity iderere nekukurumidza. Kusawirirana ne saline kana hard brine kunonetsa kuchengetedza viscosity. Uyezve, kuvapo kwehutachiona hwakasiyana kunogona kukonzera kuora kwe biogradation, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ekugadzirisa mvura yakagadzirwa. Kupisa kwemvura inobuda mudura uye kuwanikwa kweoxygen yakanyungudutswa kunowedzera njodzi yekupwanyika kwecheni inotungamirwa ne free-radical, zvichiwedzera kukonzera kukwegura uye kurasikirwa ne viscosity.
Kudzora Maitiro Nekuyera Kuenderera Mberi Kwekusimba
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity inoenderera mberiuye kudzora mhinduro dzemagetsi panguva chaiyo inzira dzakasimbiswa dzekusimbisa mhando dzekushanda kwema polymer flooding. Zvishandiso zvepamusoro zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta, zvakaita se data-driven viscosity meter (VVM), zvinopa kuverenga kwe polymer solution viscosity otomatiki panzvimbo dzakakosha dzekugadzirisa. Zvishandiso izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete nekuyera kwetsika dzemurabhoritari uye kunze kwewebhu, zvichipa humbowo hwakakwana hwe viscosity mukati mekushanda kwemakemikari ekuvandudza mafuta.
Zvakanakira zvikuru uye mhinduro dzinoshandiswa nehurongwa uhu zvinosanganisira:
- Kuderedza Kuora Kwemichina:Nekutarisa kupenya kwemvura panguva chaiyo, vashandi vanogona kugadzirisa mwero wepombi uye kugadzirisazve michina yepamusoro kuti vaderedze kupenya kwemvura. Semuenzaniso, kuona kudonha kwemvura nekukurumidza—zvinoratidza kuputsika kwepolymer—kunotanga kupindira kwekushanda kwemhepo nekukurumidza, zvichichengetedza kusimba kwepolyacrylamide.
- Kugadzirisa Njodzi dzeAdsorption neRetaining:Neruzivo rwekusimba kwemvura rwakawanda, mabhangi epolymer uye mapuroteni ejekiseni zvinogona kugadziriswa nenzira inochinja-chinja. Izvi zvinoita kuti huwandu hwepolymer hunopinda mudura huwedzere kushanda zvakanaka, zvichitsiva kurasikirwa kwakaonekwa mumunda kunokonzerwa nekuchengetedza.
- Kuchengetedza Kuenderana Kwemakemikari Munzvimbo Dzakaoma:Kuyerwa kweinline viscosity yemapolymers anodzoreredza mafuta kunobvumira kukurumidza kuona shanduko dze viscosity nekuda kwekuumbwa kwemvura ine brine kana kukwegura kwemvura. Vashandi vanogona kugadzirisa ma polymer formulations kana kutevedzana kwema chemical slugs kuti varambe vaine rheological properties, kudzivirira matambudziko ejekiseni uye kusawirirana kwe displacement fronts.
- Kuyera Mutsetse Wenguva Dzose:Batanidza kuyerwa kwe viscosity online-frequency high-frequency muketani yese yekutumira—kubva pakugadzira makeup kusvika pakubaya jekiseni uye pamusoro petsime.
- Kudzora Maitiro Anotungamirirwa neData:Shandisai masystem ekugadzirisa mhinduro dzinogadzirisa dosing yepolymer, blending, kana operating parameters panguva chaiyo kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti mushonga wakapinzwa unosangana ne viscosity yakatarwa nguva dzose.
- Kusarudzwa uye Kugadziriswa kwePolymer:Sarudza mapolymer akagadzirwa kuti agare zvakanaka uye aenderane nemamiriro eionic ari mudura. Shandisa mapolymer akagadziriswa pamusoro kana kuti akasanganiswa (semuenzaniso, HPAM ine nanoparticles kana functional group enhancements) kana munyu wakawanda kana divalent cations zvisingakwanise kudziviswa.
- Midziyo Yakagadziriswa Nekuchekerera:Gadzira uye gara uchiongorora zvikamu zvenzvimbo (mapombi, mavharuvhu, mitsetse) kuti uderedze kukanganiswa nekuchekwa kwesimbi, sezvinoratidzwa nekuongorora kwemunda uye modhi.
- Kusimbiswa Kwakajairika:Simbisa mhedzisiro yekuyerwa kwe viscosity online uchishandisa kuongorora kwe viscosity kwe polyacrylamide solution nguva nenguva uye rheology yemuenzaniso wemunda.
Mazano Ekutarisira Kusviba Kwakasimbiswa Mumunda
Kutevedzera nzira idzi dzakanakisa mukushandiswa kwema "polymer flooding fields" kunotsigira zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwe "cleaner" muma "oil reservoirs", kuchengetedza kushanda kwe "chemical" mu "removal oil", uye kugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwe "oil and gas fields" munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemvura yakadzika.
Kuwedzera Kushanda Zvakanaka Kwekutsvaira kuburikidza neViscosity Optimization
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira chinhu chakakosha mukubudirira kwemaitiro ekuwedzera kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta (EOR), kunyanya mukufashamira kwemapombi. Inotsanangura kuti mvura inopinzwa inoyambuka sei dura, ichibva pajekiseni kuenda kumatsime ekugadzira, uye ichibvisa mafuta kubva munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda nedzisina kunyorova. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira kunoita kuti pave nekubatana kwakafanana uye kwakakura pakati pezvinhu zvinopinzwa nemafuta asara, zvichideredza nzvimbo dzisingapindiki uye zvichiwedzera kufambiswa kwemafuta nekudzoreredzwa kwawo.
Kuvandudzwa kweViscosity Kunovandudza Sei Kushanda KwemaSweep
Mapolymers ane chekuita nePolyacrylamide, anowanzo hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), akakosha pakudzoreredzwa kwemafuta emafashamo epolymer. Mapolymers aya anowedzera viscosity yemvura yakapinzwa, nokudaro achideredza mobility ratio (kubvisa mobility yemvura kubva pakuchinja kwemafuta kuenda pakuchinja kwemafuta). Mobility ratio iri pasi kana kuti yakaenzana neimwe inokosha; inoderedza viscous fingering uye inoderedza kufamba kwemvura, matambudziko anowanzoonekwa panguva yekufashamo kwemvura. Mhedzisiro yacho inguva yekufashamo kwakasimba uye kunoramba kuripo, izvo zvakakosha pakuvandudza mashandiro epolymer mafashamo mumatangi emafuta.
Kufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwepolymer—kusanganisira kuwedzerwa kwe nanoparticles senge nano-SiO₂—kune kumwe kudzora kwakanyatsonaka kwe viscosity. Semuenzaniso, nano-SiO₂-HPAM systems dzinogadzira ma network structures akabatana mu solution, zvichiwedzera viscosity uye elasticity zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogadzirisa macroscopic sweep efficiency nekusimudzira displacement front yakafanana uye kudzikamisa kuyerera kuburikidza nenzira dze high-permeability, nokudaro zvichinanga oiri iyo yaizodarika. Zvidzidzo zvemumunda nerabhoritari zvinoratidza kuwedzera kwe6% mukudzoserwa kwemafuta uye kudzikira kwe14% mukumanikidzwa kwejekiseni ne nano-enhanced systems zvichienzaniswa ne polymer flooding yakajairika, zvichishandura kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemakemikari uye mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza.
Munzvimbo dzine musiyano mukuru, nzira dzekushandisa polymer injection cycle - dzakadai sekuchinjana slugs dze polymer solutions dzine munyu wakaderera nedzine munyu wakawanda - dzinobatsira kugadzirisa viscosity iri munzvimbo. Iyi nzira yakagadziriswa inogadzirisa matambudziko e injectivity ari pedyo nematsime uye inoita kuti pave ne high-viscosity profiles inodiwa mukati mekugadzirwa, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka pasina kukanganisa mashandiro ekushanda.
Hukama Hwehuwandu Pakati Pekusimba, Kutsvaira, uye Kudzoreredza Mafuta
Tsvagiridzo yakakura uye kushandiswa kwenzvimbo kunoratidza hukama hwakajeka pakati pekupenya kwepolymer solution, kushanda zvakanaka kwe sweep, uye kupora kwemafuta ekupedzisira. Mafashamo makuru uye kuyedzwa kwe rheological zvinogara zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzera polymer viscosity kunovandudza kupora; semuenzaniso, kukwidza solution viscosity kusvika 215 mPa·s kwakaratidzwa kuti kunokwidza zvinhu zvekupora kusvika pamusoro pe71%, zvichiratidza kuvandudzika kwe40% zvichienzaniswa nekufashamira kwemvura. Zvisinei, pane nzira inoshanda: kudarika miganhu yekupenya kunogona kukanganisa injectivity kana kuwedzera mitengo yekushanda pasina kuwedzera purofiti mukupora.
Uyezve, kuenzanisa kana kudarika zvishoma viscosity yemafuta asina kuchena ari munzvimbo iyoyo ne polymer solution yakapinzwa—inonzi viscous/gravity ratio optimization—kwave kwakakosha zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzakadzika mumvura. Nzira iyi inowedzera kufambiswa kwemafuta nekuenzanisa masimba e capillary, gravity, uye viscous, sezvinotsigirwa ne simulation (semuenzaniso, ma UTCHEM models) uye data renyika chaiyo.
Matekiniki epamusoro ekuongorora, anosanganisira zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta ari mukati uye kuyedzwa kweviscosity yepolymer inoshanda zvakanyanya, zvinogonesa kuongorora viscosity yemhinduro yepolyacrylamide panguva yekushanda kweEOR. Zvishandiso izvi zvakakosha pakugadziriswa kuri kuitwa, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa kwenguva chaiyo uye kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura mukati mehupenyu hwemafashamo.
Muchidimbu, kugadzirisa kwakarongeka kwe polymer flooding viscosity—kuchitsigirwa nekuyera viscosity inoshandiswa mumunda yema polymers akawedzerwa ekudzoreredza mafuta uye kuchitsigirwa ne modelling iri kuwedzera kuve nyore—kunomira senzira yekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwe sweep uye kubudirira kwese kwekudzoreredza munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemafuta negasi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakadzika mvura.
Kuitwa kwePolymer Flooding inMinda yeOiri neGasi yeMumvura Yakadzika
Kugadzirira, Kusanganisa, uye Kudzora Hunhu hwePolymer
Mukugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika, hwaro hwekubudirira kwekuvandudzwa kwemafuta epolymer mafashamo ndiko kugadzirira nokungwarira uye nguva dzose kwemhinduro dzakavakirwa papolyacrylamide. Kunyatsotarisa kunaka kwemvura kwakakosha; kushandisa mvura yakachena, yakapfava kunodzivirira kusangana kusingadiwe kunoderedza polyacrylamide viscosity mukudzorerwa kwemafuta. Maitiro ekunyungudika anofanira kudzorwa—polymer powder inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumvura nekukurunga kuri pakati nepakati. Kusanganisa nekukurumidza kunokonzera kuora kwepolymer cheni, nepo kunonoka kuchikonzera kuungana uye kugadzirwa kwemhinduro kusina kukwana.
Kumhanya kwekusanganisa kunogadziriswa zvichienderana nepolymer nerudzi rwemichina, kazhinji kuchengetedza maRPM ari pakati nepakati kuti mvura iwedzere uye ienderane. Nguva yekusanganisa inosimbiswa kuburikidza nekutora sampuro kakawanda uye kuongorora viscosity yemushonga wepolyacrylamide usati waiswa. Kuwanda kwemushonga kunoonekwa nezvinodiwa nedura uye kunoverengwa uchishandisa michina yekuongorora viscosity yemafuta, kuyera pakati pekuwedzera viscosity uye kudzivirira matambudziko ejectivity.
Mamiriro ekuchengetera ari mugungwa anofanira kutarisirwa zvakasimba. Polyacrylamide inonzwa kupisa, chiedza, uye hunyoro, ichida nzvimbo dzinotonhorera, dzakaoma. Gadzirira mishonga iri pedyo nenguva yekubaya kuti udzivise kuora. Shandisa kudzora mhando yemumunda nekutora sampuli dzenguva dzose uye kuita bvunzo dzepamusoro dze polymer viscosity panzvimbo yacho, uchishandisa nzira dzakajairwa dzekuyera viscosity ye polymer solution. Ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo runovimbisa kuti mishonga inoramba iri mukati mezvinodiwa, zvichikanganisa zvakananga kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwe polymer flooding sweep.
Kukosha kweKuramba Uchitarisa uye Kugadzirisa Nguva Yechokwadi
Kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwepolymer solution pasi pemamiriro ekutsvaga mafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika kunoda kuti pave nekuongororwa kwe viscosity nguva dzose. Matekinoroji akadai sema viscosity meters (VVMs) anotungamirirwa nedata, ma ultrasound rheometers, uye zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta zvinopa kuteererwa kwenguva chaiyo kwehunhu hwemvura—kunyangwe pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha yakakwira (HPHT), uye nzvimbo dzine munyu wakasiyana-siyana.
Kuyera kwakadzika, kunoenderera mberi kunogonesa kuona shanduko mu rheology ye polymer panguva yekuchengetera, kusanganisa, kutakurwa, uye kupinza. Masisitimu aya anoratidza pakarepo kuora, kusvibiswa, kana zviitiko zvekunyungudutsa zvinogona kukanganisa mashandisirwo e polymer mumafashamo. Semuenzaniso, masensa e downhole vibrating-wire anopa ma profiles e viscosity live, achitsigira kutonga kwe dynamic pamusoro pema injection parameters kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa mudura remvura.
Vashandi vanoshandisa mhinduro iyi panguva chaiyo kuti vagadzirise dosing chaiyo—kugadzirisa huwandu hwepolymer, huwandu hwejekiseni, kana kutochinja mhando dzepolymer kana zvichidikanwa. Mapolymer epamusoro-soro e nanocomposite, akadai seHPAM-SiO₂, anoratidza kugadzikana kwakawedzera kwe viscosity, uye zvishandiso zvinosimbisa kushanda kwazvo kupfuura maHPAM akajairwa, kunyanya kana kushanda zvakanaka mumatangi emafuta kuchikosha.
Masisitimu emvura akangwara uye mapuratifomu ekudzora edhijitari anobatanidza kuyerwa kwe viscosity kwemapolymers ekuvandudza mafuta zvakananga muma skid ekunze kana mumakamuri ekudzora. Izvi zvinogonesa kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvekubaya majekiseni panguva chaiyo, zvichibva pakufananidzira uye kuderedza nekukurumidza matambudziko akadai sekurasikirwa nejekiseni kana kutsvaira zvisina kuenzana.
Maitiro Ekushandisa Nzvimbo Dzakachengeteka Uye Dzinoshanda Mumvura Yakadzika Nekunze
Kushandisa nzira dzekugadzirisa mafuta emumba dzine makemikari anowedzera simba rekushandisa mugungwa kunosanganisira zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekushanda uye zvekuchengetedza. Masisitimu ekutsvedza emhando yepamusoro ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa, achipa mayuniti ekugadzirisa anochinjika, akagadziriswa kare anogona kuiswa nekuwedzerwa sezvo munda uchichinja. Izvi zvinoderedza kuoma kwekuisa, nguva yekushanda, uye mari uku zvichivandudza kutonga kwekuisa uye kuchengetedzeka panzvimbo.
Tekinoroji dzepolymer dzakavharirwa dzinosimbisa jekiseni rakachengeteka uye rinoshanda. Mapolymer akaputirwa nejira rekudzivirira anodzivirira kuparadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchekwa kwemuchina, uye kunyoroveswa nemvura nguva isati yakwana kusvika asangana nemvura inoyerera mudura. Kuendeswa uku kwakanangana kunoderedza kurasikirwa, kunoita kuti ishande zvakanaka panguva yekusangana, uye kunoderedza njodzi yekukanganiswa kwejekiseni.
Mhinduro dzinofanirawo kuongororwa kuti dzinoenderana here nezvivakwa zviripo pasi pegungwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa michina yekuongorora mafuta ari panzvimbo iyi kuti vaone kuti zvakatsanangurwa sei vasati vaisa mvura musystem. Kushandiswa kwakajairika kunosanganisirawo matekiniki ekuisa mvura muPolymer-Alternating-Water (PAW), ayo anowedzera kudzora kufamba uye kutsvaira mumadziva emvura akadzika akasiyana kana akapatsanurwa.
Kunyatsotevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza gungwa kunodiwa padanho rega rega: kubata makemikari akawandisa, kusanganisa mashandiro, kuyedzwa kwemhando yepamusoro, kuchenesa sisitimu, uye kuronga mhinduro dzekukurumidza. Kuyerwa kwe viscosity yemushonga wepolyacrylamide nguva dzose—nekudzokororwa uye zviratidzo zvekuvhundutsa—kunoita kuti kutsauka kuonekwe kusati kwasvika panjodzi dzehutano, kuchengetedzeka, kana zvakatipoteredza.
Maalgorithms ekugadzirisa nzvimbo yetsime anobatsira kutungamira nzira dzekuzadza mafuta, kuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemapolymer. Sarudzo idzi dzinotungamirirwa nemaalgorithms dzinoenzanisa mashandiro ehunyanzvi nekufunga nezvezvakatipoteredza nehupfumi, zvichitsigira mashandiro eEOR ekunze anoenderera mberi.
Mafashamo epolymer mumvura yakadzika anoenderana nekudzora kubva kumagumo kusvika kumagumo: kubva pakugadzirira kwakarongeka nekusanganisa uye kuisa dosing zvakaringana, kuburikidza nekutarisa kwakasimba mukati memutsara uye kugadzirisa panguva chaiyo, kusvika kune maitiro ekuisa majekiseni emvura mugungwa, akavharirwa, uye akachengeteka. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinoita kuti zvive pachena kuti kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakavimbika, chinotarisa kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta, uye chinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvezvakatipoteredza.
Kubatanidza Kuyerwa kweViscosity muMabasa eMunda kuti pave neEOR Yakanakisisa
Kufamba kwebasa rekubatanidza Inline Viscosity Monitoring muMinda Maitiro
Kubatanidza kuyerwa kwe inline viscosity mu polymer flooding enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mu deepwater oil negasi exploration kunoshandura field workflows kubva pa intermittent manual sampling kuenda ku automated, continuous feedback. Kushanda kwakasimba kunosanganisira:
- Kusarudzwa kweSensor uye Kuiswa:Sarudza zvishandiso zvekuyera viscosity yemafuta zviri mukati zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pakushanda. Matekinoroji anosanganisira masensa anotenderera anofambiswa ne piezoelectric, maCouette viscometer anotenderera ari online, uye masensa e acoustic rheology, imwe neimwe yakakodzera maitiro e viscoelastic uye kazhinji asiri eNewtonian e polyacrylamide solutions anoshandiswa muEOR.
- Kugadzirisa uye Kugadzwa Kwekutanga:Gadzirisa masensa uchishandisa nzira dzepamusoro dzekurapa rheological, uchishandisa nzira dzekuenzanisa dzakatwasuka-dzakapfava uye dzakapfava kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zviri mudura uye makemikari zviri kuchinja. Ruzivo rwetensori kubva mumatanho ekubatanidza uye eDMA runowanzo tungamira kumhedzisiro yakavimbika, yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emumvura yakadzika uye gasi.
- Kuwanikwa kweData otomatiki uye Kuunganidzwa:Gadzira zvishandiso zvekuunganidza data panguva chaiyo. Batanidza nehurongwa hweSCADA kana DCS kuitira kuti data re viscosity riunganidzwe pamwe chete nematanho ekuongorora akakosha. Maitiro ekugadzirisa data ari mumutsara uye kugadzirisa otomatiki kwebaseline kunoderedza kusvetuka uye kuwedzera kusimba.
- Maitiro Ekupa Mhinduro Nguva Dzose:Shandisa data re viscosity panguva chaiyo kuti ugadzirise polymer dosing, water-to-polymer ratios, uye injection rates. Machine learning kana AI-enabled analytics zvinowedzera kugadzirisa mashandisirwo emakemikoro uye kushanda zvakanaka mumatangi emafuta, zvichitsigira vashandi vemumunda nemazano anogona kuitwa.
Muenzaniso:Muchirongwa cheEOR chemvura yakadzika, kutsiva bvunzo dzemurabhoritari ne inline piezoelectric sensors pamwe chete ne virtual viscosity meters kwakaita kuti pave nekukasika kuona nekugadzirisa viscosity excursions, zvichideredza kutambisa polymer uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwe sweep.
Kutarisira Data uye Dudziro Yekutsigira Sarudzo
Mabasa emumunda anowedzera kuvimba nekuita sarudzo panguva chaiyo, zvichibva padata rekushandisa mapolymer flooding field. Kubatanidzwa kwekuyera viscosity yemapolymers akawedzerwa ekudzoreredza mafuta kunosanganisira:
- Mapuratifomu eData Akashandiswa Pakati Penyika:Ruzivo rwekupenya panguva chaiyo runoyerera mumadziva edata ari pakati kana mumasisitimu emakore, zvichibatsira kuongorora madomain akasiyana uye kuchengetedza zvinyorwa. Kusimbiswa kwedata otomatiki uye kuonekwa kwekunze kunovandudza kuvimbika.
- Kubata Alarm uye Exception:Zviziviso zvinogadzirwa otomatiki zvinozivisa vanoshanda nemainjiniya nezvekusiyana kwe viscosity kubva panzvimbo dzakatarwa, zvichiita kuti mhinduro ikurumidze kumatambudziko akadai sekuora kwepolymer kana kusanganiswa kwemvura isingatarisirwi.
- Kuona uye Kushuma:Madhibhodhi anoratidza ma profiles ekupenya, mafambiro, uye kutsauka panguva chaiyo, zvichitsigira kudzora kushanda zvakanaka kwe sweep uye kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza.
- Kubatanidzwa neKugadzirisa Kugadzirwa:Data rekusimba, kana richibatanidzwa nemazinga ekugadzirwa uye kuverenga kwekumanikidzwa, rinotungamira kugadzirisa kwakasimba kwehuwandu hwepolymer uye nzira dzekupinza mafuta kuti pave negoho rekuwedzera.
Kuisa ongororo ye viscosity uye zvishandiso mumabasa ezuva nezuva kunosimbisa hwaro hwe polymer flood EOR—zvichibvumira vashandi vemunda kudzora kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira, kupindura kutsauka kwemaitiro, uye kupa kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta kwakavimbika uye kusingadhuri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara ekushanda kwemafuta negesi mumvura yakadzika.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
1. Sei kusimba kwemvura yepolyacrylamide kuchikosha mukufashamira kwepolymer kuti mafuta adzoke zvakanaka?
Kusviba kwemushonga wePolacrylamide kunodzora zvakananga mwero wekufamba pakati pemvura inopinzwa neoiri inogara panguva yemafashamo epolymer. Kusviba kwemushonga wepamusoro kunoderedza kufamba kwemvura inopinzwa, zvichiita kuti kutsvaira kushande zvakanaka uye kuderedza nzira dzemvura. Izvi zvinoita kuti mushonga wepolymer ubvise oiri yakavharirwa zvinyatsoshanda, zvichikonzera kudzoserwa kweoiri munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemafuta negesi. Kusviba kwacho kunoderedzawo kubuda kwemvura nguva isati yakwana uye kunowedzera kufambiswa kweoiri, izvo zvakakosha pakuwedzera kugadzirwa uchishandisa nzira dzekugadzirisa oiri dzakagadzirwa nemakemikari. Tsvagiridzo inosimbisa kuti kuchengetedza kusviba kwepolyacrylamide kwakakosha kuti kutsvaira kushande zvakanaka uye kubudirira mukushandiswa kwemumunda mumafashamo epolymer.
2. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinopesvedzera viscosity ye polymer solution panguva yekushanda kweEOR?
Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nekushanda uye zvine chekuita nedura zvinokanganisa viscosity ye polymer solution:
- Munyu:Kuwanda kwemunyu, kunyanya ne divalent cations dzakadai se calcium ne magnesium, kunogona kuderedza polyacrylamide viscosity. Mhinduro dzinofanira kugadzirwa kuti dzirambe dzakagadzikana mumamiriro emvura ari mudura.
- Tembiricha:Kupisa kwakanyanya kwemugodhi kunowanzo deredza kusimba kwemvura uye kunogona kukurumidzisa kuparara kwepolymer. Mapolymer kana zvimwe zvinowedzerwa zvinogona kudiwa munzvimbo dzakadzika kana dzinopisa zvakanyanya.
- Mwero wekuchekerera:Kucheka kubva pamapombi, mapaipi, kana nzvimbo dzine maburi kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwe viscosity kuburikidza nekuora kwemuchina. Ma polymer anochekerera anodiwa nekuda kwekutsungirira kwawo munzvimbo dzine kumhanya kwakanyanya.
- Kuwanda kwePolymer:Kuwedzera huwandu hwepolymer kunowedzera kunaka kwemushonga, zvichivandudza kutsvaira asi zvinogona kuwedzera matambudziko ekushandisa kana mutengo.
- Kusachena:Kuvapo kwemafuta, zvinhu zvakaoma zvakasungirirwa, uye tupukanana tunogona kukanganisa polymer uye kuderedza viscosity.
Kubatanidzwa kwe nanoparticles sezvinhu zvinowedzerwa (semuenzaniso, SiO₂) kwakaratidza tarisiro mukuwedzera kunaka uye kugadzikana, kunyanya mumamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya uye munyu, asi njodzi dzekuunganidzwa kwechinhu ichi dzinofanira kutarisirwa.
3. Kuyerwa kwe inline viscosity kunovandudza sei kushanda zvakanaka kwema polymer flooding?
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity yemukati kunopa ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo uye runogara ruchienderera mberi pamusoro pe polymer solution painogadzirwa uye painopinzwa. Izvi zvinopa mabhenefiti akati wandei:
- Mhinduro Yepakarepo:Vashandi vanogona kuona kuchinja kwe viscosity ipapo ipapo vogadzirisa nguva nenguva kuti vaone huwandu hwe polymer kana kuti majekiseni aenderane.
- Kuvimbisa Hunhu Hwakanaka:Inoita shuwa kuti batch yega yega yepolymer inosangana nekunaka kwakatarwa, ichichengetedza maitiro akafanana uye ichideredza marara.
- Kushanda Nesimba:Inoderedza nguva yekushanda, sezvo kutsauka kusingade kumirira mhedzisiro inononoka murabhoritari. Kudzora kwenguva chaiyo kunotsigira otomatiki, kuderedza mari yevashandi uye kuvandudza hupfumi hwepurojekiti yeEOR.
- Kugadzirisa Kushanda Nesimba Kwetsvina:Nekuchengetedza viscosity yakakwana panguva yekupinza, kuyera mukati kunowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekutama kwemafuta, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemafuta negesi mumvura yakadzika.
4. Ndezvipi zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pakuyera viscosity yemafuta panguva yeEOR?
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemidziyo yekuongorora viscosity yemafuta dzinoshandiswa panguva yekuvandudzwa kwemabasa ekudzoreredza mafuta:
- MaViscometers ari mumutsara:Ipa kuyerwa kwenguva chaiyo, kunoramba kuripo zvakananga muhurongwa hwekuita. Dzakasimba uye dzakakodzera kubatanidzwa muhurongwa hwekudzora otomatiki.
- Maviscometer anotenderera:Midziyo yakaita seFann-35 kana rheometers inoshandisa spindle inotenderera kuti ione viscosity yemvura. Izvi zvinowanzoitika murabhoritari uye pabatch sampling panzvimbo.
- Mafunnel eMarsh uye Viscometer dzeWaya Dzinodedera:Zviri nyore, zvinotakurika zvinopa ongororo dzinokurumidza, kana dzisina kunyatsojeka, dzekuona kunaka kwechinhu.
- Kuedzwa Kwepamusoro-soro:Zvishandiso zvekuyera mafuta emhando yepamusoro zvine fungidziro yekudzidza kwemuchina, masvomhu, kana muripo wekupisa/kumanikidzwa zviri kushandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya mukugadzira nzvimbo dzeoiri dzedhijitari uye pakuita mabasa epolymer anoenderera mberi.
Kusarudzwa kwezvishandiso zvinodiwa kuti zvive zvakarurama, kusimba kwenzvimbo, mutengo, uye kubatanidzwa kwedata mukushanda.
5. Kugadzirisa mashandiro ekutsvaira kunobatsira sei mukudzoreredzwa kwemafuta munzvimbo dzakadzika?
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira zvinoreva huwandu hwenzvimbo inochengeterwa mafuta inobatwa uye inobviswa nemvura inopinzwa. Mukukura kwenzvimbo yemafuta negasi mumvura yakadzika, kusiyana, huwandu hwekufamba kwakanyanya, uye kutenderera kwenzira kunoderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwekutsvaira uye kunoita kuti mafuta akawanda asapfuurwe.
Kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina kuburikidza nekutarisira kupenya kwebvudzi kunovimbisa:
- Kubata Kwakakura:Mushonga wepolymer wakakora unoparadzira nzvimbo inoyerera mvura, zvichideredza kuyerera kwemvura uye kuyerera kweminwe.
- Mafuta Asingapfuure Zvishoma:Kuenderana kwakaringana kunoita kuti nzvimbo dzisina kutsvairwa dzisvike mumvura dzakapinzwa.
- Chinhu Chinovandudza Kupora:Kuchinja-chinja kunobudirira kunoreva kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwemafuta akawandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-07-2025
