Phosphate slurry musanganiswa wakakora wedombo rephosphate rakakuyiwa rakasungirirwa mumvura. Rinokosha pakugadzira migodhi nefetereza, kunyanya pakutakura zvinhu kubva kumigodhi kuenda kumafekitori ekugadzirisa uye mukugadzirwa kwephosphoric acid. Nekuda kwehupfumi hwayo uye kukosha kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza, kutakurwa kwakanaka kwephosphate slurry kunotsigira cheni yekugovera zvinhu muzvikamu zvikuru zvekurima nemaindasitiri.
Kutakurwa kwephosphate slurry kunowanzoitwa kuburikidza nemapaipi, uko kushanda zvakanaka, kuchengetedzeka, uye kugara kwenguva refu kwechigadzirwa zvinonyanya kukosha. Zvisinei, hunhu hwakasiyana hwe rheological hwe phosphate slurry hune matambudziko makuru. Maitiro ayo asiri eNewtonian, ekucheka-kucheka zvinoreva kuti viscosity uye hunhu hwekuyerera zvinoshanduka-shanduka, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwakasimba, saizi yezvidimbu, uye kuumbwa kwemakemikari. Mitoro yakasimba yakawanda inogona kukwidza viscosity uye kushushikana kwezvibereko, zvichiita kuti kutakurwa kwepaipi kuve nyore kudiwa kwesimba rakawanda, kuyerera kusingafungidzike, uye njodzi yekuvharika kana kugara.
Nheyo dzePhosphate Slurry Behavior
Kuumbwa uye Zvimiro zveMuviri
Phosphate slurry inoumbwa nephosphate ore yakakamurwa zvakanaka yakasungirirwa mumvura inotakura, kazhinji mvura. Musanganiswa uyu unowanzo sanganisira zvinowedzerwa zvemakemikari zvakaita se flotation reagents, pH modifiers, kana mamwe makemikari akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa zve beneficiation. Zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru— suspended particles, carrier liquid, uye additives—zvinodzora kudyidzana kwe slurry nemakemikari.
Kugadziriswa kweDombo rePhosphate
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Saizi yezvikamu uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu zvakakosha. Zvikamu zvidiki zvinowedzera nzvimbo yepamusoro, zvichiwedzera reactivity yemakemikari uye slurry viscosity. Kana kugoverwa kwehukuru kwakadzikira (kureva kuti, zvikamu zvinova zvakafanana), viscosity inokwira zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti kuyerera kuome uye kuwedzera njodzi yekugadzika kwepombi. Kugoverwa kwakafara (polydisperse), kana kwakagadzirwa, kunogona kuderedza viscosity inooneka nekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwepakeji uye kuderedza kukweshana kwepakati pezvikamu. Semuenzaniso, slurry inogaya zvichienderana neRosin-Rammler-Benne model kana kuongororwa nefractal geometry inoratidza musiyano muhunhu hwe rheological uye kuramba kwekutakura.
Kuwanda kwakasimba kunotarisa kuti zvidimbu zvakakora zvakaungana sei. Kuwanda kwakawanda kunowedzera kusimba kwemuviri uye kushushikana kwemubereko, zvichichinja maitiro ekuyerera kwemvura kubva pakugadzira purasitiki (kuwanda kuri pakati nepakati) kuenda kupurasitiki yeBingham kana kunyange kupararira kwezvisiri zveNewtonian zvakanyanya. Hukama huripo pakati pekuwanda kwemvura uye kugoverwa kwezvidiki ndiko kwakakosha pakugadzirisa kutakurwa kwetsvina—kudzora zvinhu izvi zviviri kunogonesa kufamba kwepombi zvakanaka kwetsvina, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kusakara kwemuchina.
Hunhu hwemuviri hwakadai sekusimba uye huwandu hwemvura hunoisa zviyero zvakakosha zvekushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa mapaipi. Kusimba kwemvura kunodzora kuramba kuyerera, zvichikanganisa zvakananga zvinodiwa pakupomba. Kusimba kwemvura, kuchikonzerwa nekusimba kwemvura uye hunhu hwezvinhu zvechimedu, kunoumba chimiro chekumanikidzwa kwemvura uye kunodzora mukana wekuvharika kwepaipi uye kugadzika kwayo. Mamita ekusimba epaipi epamhepo, mita dzekusimba kwemvura dzepamhepo, uye nzira dzakananga dzekuyera kusimba kwemvura zvinodiwa kuti pave nekutarisa kwenguva chaiyo uye kudzora maitiro, zvichitsigira nzira dzekudzivirira kuvharika kwepaipi uye dzekudzivirira kugadzika kwayo.
Mhedzisiro yeSlurry Rheology paKugadzirwa
Mapopote ane phosphate anowanzo ratidza maitiro asiri eNewtonian. Kusviba kwawo hakusi kwakafanana; zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekuchekwa kwesimbi. Mazhinji anoratidza hunyanzvi hwepseudoplastic (kuchekwa kwesimbi nekusvuta kwesimbi) kana hunhu hwepurasitiki yeBingham. Mukutaura, kuyerera kunotanga chete kana kusvuta kwesimbi kwapfuura; kupfuura izvi, kusviba kunokurumidza kuderera nekuwedzera kwekuchekwa kwesimbi.
Hunhu husiri hweNewtonian hune mhedzisiro yakananga pahurongwa hwekuyerera kwemvura uye dhizaini yehurongwa:
- Kuderera Kwekumanikidzwa:Kuwanda kwesimba remagetsi (viscosity) uye kushushikana kwegoho (good stress) zvinowedzera kuderera kwesimba remagetsi (pressure down) padanho rekufambisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti simba rakawanda rinodiwa kuti kuyerera kwemagetsi kurambe kuripo, kunyanya kana paine kumhanya kwakaderera kana kuti paine simba rakawanda. Mamodheru ekuverenga akadai seHerschel-Bulkley, Bingham, kana Ostwald-Power law anowanzo shandiswa kufanotaura maitiro aya uye kuzivisa saizi yesystem.
- Kushanda Kwemapaipi:Kana kusimba kwemvura uye goho richikwira kupfuura mimwe miganhu (nekuda kwekuchinja kwehukuru hwezvinhu kana huwandu hwezvinhu), njodzi yekumira kwekuyerera kwemvura, kuvharika kwepombi, kana kugadzikana kwakaipisisa kunowedzera. Kudzora kwakanaka kwehukuru hwezvinhu uye huwandu hwezvinhu, pamwe nekutarisa kusimba kwemvura nenguva chaiyo uchishandisa mhinduro kubva kuvagadziri vemamita ehuwandu hwepamheposeLonnmeter, zvakakosha kuti mashandiro ashande zvakanaka.
- Kugadzirisa Kutakura:Maitiro ekucheka zvidimbu (pseudoplastic) anobatsira kupomba nekuti viscosity inoderera pahuwandu hwakanyanya hwekuchekwa. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti simba rishandiswe zvishoma panguva yekufambisa mapaipi nenzira yakagadzikana, chero bedzi huwandu hwekuchekwa huchienderana nehunhu hwekutsvedza.
- Dhizaini yeReactor:Mukubvisa sulfurization uye kubvisa phosphorization, non-Newtonian rheology inokanganisa kusanganiswa kwereactor, kutamiswa kwehuwandu, uye kugoverwa kwenguva yekugara. Kuonekwa kwekusviba uye kushushikana kwezvibereko zvinodzora simba rekusanganisa rinodiwa pamwe nekushanda kwemakemikari emvura-yakasimba mureactor.
Mhedzisiro inoshanda inotsamira pakutsanangurwa kwakarurama kwerheological. Zvishandiso zvakaita se rotational rheometry, rotary viscometers, uye advanced CFD models zvinoshandiswa kugadzira ma flow models akarurama. Kuongororwa kwemapaipi erabhoritari neindasitiri kunosimbisa maitiro acho, kuchitungamira ma protocol ekushanda kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kusakara kwemuchina. Mhinduro dzekuyera dzenguva chaiyo, dzakadai se online viscosity metres uye suspended particles size measurement, dzinotsigira nzira dzekudzora dzinochinja-chinja—kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko akadai se slurry settlement uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwe slurry transport mumapaipi emaindasitiri.
Muchidimbu, hunhu hwephosphate slurry—kunyanya idzo dzinodzorwa kuburikidza nekubatana kwe suspended particles, concentration, additives, uye liquid phase—zvinotsanangura mashandiro ekutakura uye kushanda kwemaitiro. Kudzora suspended particles mu slurry, kutarisa kugoverwa kweparticles, uye kutarisira solids concentration ndizvo zvakakosha pakuvandudza kufamba kwepaipi, kudzivirira kugadzikana, uye kugadzirisa slurry transport kuti industrial phosphate beneficiation processes.
Kubvisa sulfurization uye Kubvisa phosphorization nePhosphate Slurry
Nheyo dzeMaitiro
Kubvisa sarufauye maitiro ekubvisa phosphorization achishandisa phosphate slurry anoshanda pamisimboti ye gas-liquid-solid phase absorption reactions mu wet reactors.Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)Mumaindasitiri, gasi rinonyungudika rinotanga ranyungudika muchikamu chemvura chephosphate slurry. Ikoko, rinoita nekukurumidza nemaion ephosphate nemvura, zvichigadzira phosphoric acid uye zvigadzirwa zvakasimba, ukuwo zvichigonesawo kudzoreredza phosphorus. Maitiro ekunyungudika anoratidzwa nekuchinja-chinja kwematanho: gas-phase SO₂ inopararira pamusoro pemadonhwe, inopinda muslurry, uye yozobviswa nemakemikari. Magnesium leaching kubva muslurry inogona kuitika, zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yemakemikari uye huwandu hwekufambisa huwandu. Kudzora kukuru pamusoro pehuwandu hwekunyungudika kunoitwa nekudzivirira gas film panzvimbo inopindirana, zvichiita kuti turbulence nekusanganisa zvive zvakakosha kuti pave nekushanda kwakasimba.
Kubatana kwemaitiro emuviri mukati me reactor ndiko kunokosha pakuburitsa kwemaitiro. Madonhwe emvura anosungirirwa murwizi rwegasi anowedzera nzvimbo yekubatana kuti SO₂ ibatane uye inyudzwe, nemazinga ekufambisa kwemafuta negasi-mvura anodzorwa nehukuru hwemadonhwe, kumhanya kwekutsvedza, mazinga ekutenderera, uye tembiricha. Kufambisa kwemafuta zvinobudirira kunoenderana nekupararira kwemafuta nekuita kwemaitiro awo neSO₂. Kubatanidzwa kwemafuta negasi kwakawedzerwa hakungobatsiri chete kubviswa kweSO₂ asiwo kunotsigira kudzoreredzwa kwephosphate zvakanaka, zvakakosha pakudzora kusvibiswa kwakabatana uye kudzokororwa kwezviwanikwa.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kushanda Zvakanaka Kwemhinduro
Geometry yeReactor ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemushonga. Zvinhu zvakaita se inlet angle nedhayamita zvinodzora kuti gasi neslurry zvinopinda sei uye zvinosangana sei mukati me reactor. Semuenzaniso, ma inlet angles madiki nedhayamita zvinokurudzira turbulence yakakwira uye kupararira kwemadonhwe kuri nani, zvichiwedzera kutamiswa kwehuwandu uye kuwedzera SO₂ capture. Madhayamita makuru anowanzo kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka nekuderedza turbulence uye kuderedza nguva yekubatana pakati pegasi nemadonhwe emaslurry. Kusiyana nepfungwa, kuwedzera ma baffles emukati kune mhedzisiro shoma pa desulfurization rates zvichienzaniswa nemigumisiro yakakosha ye inlet design uye geometry yese.
Hunhu hwe phosphate slurry pachayo—kunyanya viscosity, density, uye particle size distribution—zvine simba guru pakuita reaction dynamics. Viscosity yakawanda ye slurry inoderedza kufamba kwe droplet, zvichitadzisa kusanganiswa uye mashandisirwo ekunyudzwa. Kusiyana neizvi, viscosity yakaderera inovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekuyerera kwemvura asi inogona kuwedzera kugara kwe stublic uye njodzi yekukwira kwenzvimbo. Kuchinja kwe density kunokanganisa kugadzikana kwe droplet suspension uye maitiro ekugadzikana; slurry dzine ma profiles akakodzera e density dzinopa simba riri nani pakugadzikana, dzichichengetedza kubatana kwakakodzera kwekunyudzwa.
Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu kune chekuitawo zvakananga nekushanda kwemushonga. Zvikamu zvakapfava zvinopa nzvimbo yakakura pamusoro, zvichiwedzera kutamiswa kweSO₂, nepo zvikamu zvakakora kana zvisina kupararira zvakanaka zvichikurudzira kugadzikana nekukurumidza, kukura kwenzvimbo, uye kuvharika. Kumiswa kwenguva dzose kwezvikamu kwakakosha kudzivirira matambudziko akadaro. Kuyera nekudzora hunhu uhwu—uchishandisamita dze viscosity dzepaindaneti, mita dzemvura dziri paindaneti, uye zvishandiso zvinobva kumakambani ane hunyanzvi hwekugadzira mita dzemagetsi epamhepo—ndiwo maitiro akajairika emiti yemazuva ano.
Kumiswa zvakanaka uye kupararira kwezvikamu zvakasimba mukati metsvina kunodzivirira maitiro ekukwesha kwenzvimbo uye kusvibiswa kwereactor. Kuchengetedza turbulence yakakwana kuchengetedza zvikamu zvakamiswa, uku uchitarisa nekugadzirisa viscosity, kunobatsira kudzivirira kuiswa kwezvikamu zvakasimba pamukati mereactor nemapombi. Matekinoroji akaita seLonnmeter online metres anobatsira pakuyera viscosity uye density panguva chaiyo, zvichigonesa manejimendi yezvigadzirwa zveslurry uye kugadzirisa nguva dzose mashandiro e desulfurization uye dephosphorization.
Kuderedza Njodzi dzeKukura uye Kuvhara
Kudzivirira kukura uye kuvharika kwephosphate slurry reactors zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze akanaka ekutsvedza uye dhizaini yereactor yakanyatsogadzirwa. Kushanda ne viscosity inodzorwa uye kuchengetedza kugoverwa kwakakodzera kweparticles kunoderedza mukana wekuti particles igadzikane uye kunogonesa kumisa kwakafanana. Ma geometries ereactor akagadzirirwa turbulence yakanyanya - kunyanya pagasi neslurry inlets - anokurudzira kupararira kweparticles nguva dzose, kudzivirira nzvimbo dzekuyerera kwakaderera uko kugadzikana uye kuumbwa kwescale kunogona kuitika.
Maitiro anoshanda akawanikwa kubva muongororo dzemaindasitiri dzichangobva kuitwa uye ongororo yekufananidzira inoratidza kuti kugadzirisa ma "reactor inlets" kuti pave nekusagadzikana kwakasimba, kwakafanana uye kushandisa "slurry concentrations" mukati memahwindo anokurudzirwa kunoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekukura. Kudzivirira huwandu hwakawanda hwe "viscosity" uye kudzivirira kuwanda kwe "solid" kunonyanya kushanda pakudzivirira kuvharika kwemapaipi uye kugadzirisa slurry transport. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandisa "cooled slurry cycles" kunogona kuwedzera kubatwa kwe "fine particles", kuderedza kusvibiswa nekuwedzera vapor supersaturation uye kukurudzira kubviswa kwe "submicrometer particles".
Kudzora kukura kwemvura kunotsigirwawo nemazano emakemikari: kuyera kwakanyatsogadzirwa kwemishonga inorwisa scalants—kunyanya maformulations akagadzirirwa masisitimu ane phosphate yakawanda—kunoderedza kuiswa kwecalcium phosphate scale pasina kuda aggressive acid dosing kana shanduko huru dzesisitimu. Kusarudzwa uye kugadziriswa kwemishonga iyi kunoenderana nekutariswa kwemakemikari emvura neslurry online, zvichiita kuti pave nekuchengetedzwa nguva dzose kubva pakukura kwemvura mumamiriro ekushanda chaiwo.
Kugadzirisa izvi zvinodzora makemikari nemuviri kunowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa mapaipi, kunovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura inoyerera mumapaipi, uye kunotsigira kushanda kwenguva refu kwereactor pasina kukanganisa kushanda kunokonzerwa nekuvharika uye kugara zvakanaka. Kuyera kwakarurama kwehuremu hwemvura inoyerera, huwandu hwemvura, uye saizi yezvidimbu zvakamiswa—zvinotsigirwa nemamita epamhepo akanakisa—ndiwo musimboti wekuwana mhedzisiro iyi uye kuchengetedza maitiro ekubvisa sulfurization nekubvisa phosphorization mu phosphate slurry handling systems.
Kuwedzera Kushanda Kwakanaka Kwekutakura Mapaipi ePhosphate Slurry
Maitiro Ekufamba Kwemvura Mukutakura Mapaipi
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa phosphate slurry kunoenderana nezvinhu zvina zvikuru: kumhanya, viscosity, density, uye hunhu hwezvikamu zvakamiswa. Kumhanya kweslurry kunotarisa zvakananga njodzi yekuiswa kwechinhu chakasimba—mhanya yakakwira inochengetedza zvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa uye inoderedza njodzi dzekuvharika, asi inowedzerawo zvinodiwa nesimba uye mari yekushanda. Pane chiyero chakakosha chekumhanya pasi apo zvikamu zvinotanga kugara, zvichikanganisa kuyerera zvakanaka uye hutano hwemapaipi.
Kusviba, kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekuwanda kwetsvina uye tembiricha, kunokanganisa kana mvura yacho ichiita sechivharo kana kuti inotevera kuyerera kwakashata. Matsvina ephosphate anowanzo ratidza hunhu hwepurasitiki husiri hweNewtonian, hwepseudoplastic, kana hweBingham, nekusviba kunowedzera sezvo huwandu hwakasimba huchiwedzera. Kuyerwa kwakarurama kwetsvina uchishandisa online viscosity metres kana masisitimu akatsaurirwa, akadai semamita eviscosity akanakisa etsvina, akakosha pakuchengetedza kutakurwa kwakasimba uye kutarisira kugadziriswa kwekushanda.
Kuwanda kwemvura mupombi, basa rehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasungirirwa, rinochinja kuderera kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura mupombi, zvichikanganisa kushandiswa kwesimba uye kugadzikana kwekutakura. Kuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwemvura, kana kusina kutariswa, kunogona kukonzera kuchinja kwehurongwa hwekuyerera kwemvura uye kuwedzera njodzi yekuiswa kwemvura. Mita dzemvura dzepamhepo, kusanganisira idzo dzinogadzirwa nevagadziri vemita dzepamhepo, dzinopa ruzivo rwehuwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kuenzana kwesystem.
Saizi yezvikamu zvakasungirirwa uye kugoverwa kunoitawo basa guru. Zvikamu zvikuru kana kugoverwa kwezvikamu zvakakura kunowedzera njodzi yekugadzika, kunyanya muzvikamu zvine kumhanya kwakaderera kana kuchinja kwedhayamita yemapaipi. Masisitimu ekuyera saizi yezvikamu zvakasungirirwa anoita kuti kugoverwa kwezvikamu kurambe kuri mukati menzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzekushanda, zvichitsigira kudzora kwakanaka kwezvikamu zvakasungirirwa mumatope uye kuderedza njodzi dzekuiswa.
Zviyero zvekugadzira mapaipi—dhayamita, kuomarara kwemukati, uye nzira yese—zvinokanganisa kugadzikana kwemvura uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekutakura. Kuwedzera dhayamita yemapaipi kunoderedza kumhanya kwemvura padanho remvura, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekudzikama kunze kwekunge zvichiripwa nekumhanya kwakanyanya kwekupomba. Kuomarara kwemukati kwakanyanya kana kukombama kwakapinza kunokurudzira kusagadzikana, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kudzoserwa kwemvura munzvimbo asi zvinogonawo kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemvura uye kugara munzvimbo imwe chete, zvichiwedzera kudiwa kwesimba nekugadzirisa.
Kudzivirira Kugarwa kweMarara uye Kuvharika kweMapaipi
Kugadzika kwetsvina uye kuvharika kwepombi kunonyanya kuitika kana kumhanya kwemvura kuchidzika pasi pechikamu chekumisikidzwa kwezvimedu zvakakosha. Izvi zvinoguma nekugadzika kwezvimedu zvakasimba pasi pepombi, zvichiita mibhedha isina kusimba kana slugs dzinodzivisa kana kudzivirira kuyerera. Kuungana kwezvikamu—apo zvimedu zvitete zvinoungana nekuda kwekubatana kwemagetsi kana makemikari—kunogona kukurumidzisa kugadzika, kunyanya kana paine zvimwe zvemakemikari kana dolomite yakawanda.
Kuungana uye nzira dzekugadzirisa zvinhu hazvingokanganisirwi nekumhanya chete, asiwo nehukuru hwezvikamu, chimiro, uye kuwanda kwazvo. Zvimedu zvakapfuma muvhu kana zvidiki-diki zvinokurumidza kuunganidzwa "senge gel", nepo zvimedu zvakasanganiswa kana zvakakura zvinogona kugara zvisina kuenzana, zvichigadzira zvidimbu zviri papombi. Kudzikira kwekushisa munzvimbo kunogonawo kuwedzera kusviba kwezvikamu, zvichikurudzira kuvharika, kunyanya pamakonhi emapaipi kana mavharuvhu.
Ongororo dzechangobva kuitwa dzekushandisa generalized polynomial chaos dzinoratidza kuti velocity nehukuru hwezvimedu ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera mashandiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu uye kutakura zvinhu. Zvinhu izvi zvinofanirwa kugara zvichitariswa uye zvichidzorwa kuti pave nekushanda kwakasimba kwepombi. Zvishandiso zviri mukati—zvakadai se online viscosity metres uye inline particle size analyzers—zvinopa data rinogona kushandiswa pakugadzirisa mashandiro, zvakaita sekuwedzera kumhanya kwepombi kana dosing dispersant agents kana maitiro asina kunaka akaonekwa.
Zvinhu zvitsva zvinosanganisira machira emapaipi epamusoro zvakagadzirwa kuderedza kunamira uye kuderedza miganhu apo zvidimbu zvinogona kugara, zvichisimbisa nzira dzekudzivirira kuvharika kwemapaipi. Kurongeka kwemapaipi uye nguva dzekushanda kwawo zvinofanirawo kutarisisa nguva dzekuyerera kwakaderera, sezvo kunyangwe nguva pfupi iri pasi pemiganhu yekumhanya kwakakosha inogona kutanga kuumbwa kwemubhedha nekukurumidza.
Nzira dzeKushandisa Makombiyuta neKuongorora dzeKugadzirisa Kuyerera kweMafashamo
Kugadzirisa kuyerera kwephosphate slurry kunoda kunzwisisa kwakarurama uye manejimendi ezvipimo zvakawanda zvinoenderana pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu asina chokwadi. Kuongororwa kwesensitivity yepasi rose (GSA) uchishandisa polynomial chaos expansions (PCE) kwave nzira inotungamira yekuongorora kuti kusava nechokwadi muzvinhu zvinopinda sei—senge ore mineralogy, saizi yezvikamu, kana seasonal slurry properties—kunokanganisa sei zviyero zvekutakura zvakakosha sekudonha kwepressure, velocity, uye njodzi yekugara.
GSA inoratidza kuti, mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze phosphate slurry compositions uye process configurations, velocity uye particle size variabilities zvinonyanya kukosha; saka, kutarisisa mashandiro kunofanira kukoshesa kuongororwa kwavo nekudzora. Kuwanda uye viscosity zvinoramba zvakakosha pakuverenga miganhu, zvichibatsira vashandi kugadzira mahwindo ekushanda kuti kuyerera kuende zvakanaka uye kwakachengeteka.
Kuenzanisa kwemakomputa, kunyanya nekupatsanurwa kwe orthogonal kwakakodzera uye kutevedzera kwePCE-based surrogate, kunoita kuti kutevedzera kwemamiriro ezvinhu kushande zvakanaka uye kuve nyore. Aya mamodheru akaderedzwa anotevedzera zvinhu zvakakosha zvekufananidzira kweCFD kwepamusoro-soro nekuchinja kwenguva pfupi, zvichitsigira kuita sarudzo nekukurumidza kwekugadzirisa maitiro uye dhizaini yemapaipi.
Maitiro aya ekuongorora anosimbiswa zvichienderana nedata rechokwadi: kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera, kurasikirwa kwemusoro, uye zviitiko zvekuisa zvinhu zvinosanganiswa mukuenzanisa modhi uye kutenderera kwekuvandudza kunoenderera mberi. Nekubatanidza masensa epamusoro (akadai seLonnmeter online viscosity uye density analyzers) ne dynamic modeling, vashandisi vanogona kushandisa nzira dzekugadzirisa slurry flow dzinopindura nenzira inochinjika kune shanduko mu ore grade, particle size distribution, uye mamiriro ekunze.
Matekiniki Epamusoro Ekuyera uye Ekutarisa
Kukosha kweKutarisa Zvivakwa zveSlurry Munguva Yechokwadi
Zvakarurama,kuyerwa kunoramba kuripo kwekuwandauyekusvibandiyo inonyanya kukosha pakufambisa phosphate slurry zvinobudirira uye kubvisa sulfurization uye kubvisa phosphorization. Kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo kunogonesa kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kwematanho ekushanda zvichienderana nekuchinja kwehunhu hweslurry. Kudzora uku kweproactive process kunoderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekusashanda isina kurongwa inokonzerwa nekugadzirisa uye kuvharika kwemapaipi - matambudziko akajairika mumapaipi eslurry ephosphate.
Ruzivo runoramba ruchienderera mberi pamusoro pekuwanda kwetsvina uye kusimba kwemvura zvinobatsira vashandi kuona nekukasika kutsauka kunoratidza njodzi yakawedzera yekugadzika kwezvidimbu kana kuvharika. Semuenzaniso, kana kuwedzera kwekusimba kwemvura kana kusimba kwemvura kukaonekwa, mwero wekuyerera kwemvura unogona kugadziriswa, kana kuyerwa kwemakemikari kwakagadziridzwa kuti kudzorere kutakurwa kwemapaipi zvakanaka. Kuongororwa nguva nenguva kunotsigirawo matekiniki ekudzivirira kugadzika kwetsvina, zvichibvumira vashandi kupindira zvisati zvatanga kuungana uye kugadzira dhata.
Kuchengetedza slurry viscosity yakakodzera uye particle suspension kwakakosha mukudzivirira kusashanda zvakanaka kwemvura. Kudyara mari mu tekinoroji yekuyera online kunoreva zvakananga kuvandudzwa kwenzira dzemapaipi, kushanda zvakanaka kwekutakura, uye kudzikira kwemari yekugadzirisa.
Mamita eLiquid Density uye Mamita eViscosity epaIndaneti
Nheyo dzeKushanda dzeMamita eKuwanda kweLiquid Online
Mita yekuwanda kwemvura paindaneti, zvakaita se chubhu inodedera yeCoriolis metres, ndiwo mwero weindasitiri wekuyera huwandu hwemvura hunoenderera mberi mumapaipi emvura inotsvedza. Midziyo iyi inoshanda nekupfuudza mvura inotsvedza nepachubhu inodedera; shanduko muchikamu chekudedera kana frequency, inokonzerwa nekuyerera kwemvura inotsvedza, inoonekwa uye inogadziriswa kuti iwane kuverenga kwehuwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo. Mamita emazuva ano anoshandisa electromagnetic actuation kana piezo excitation kuchengetedza kutenderera kwechubhu.
Nzvimbo huru dzekuisa dzinosanganisira nzvimbo dziri mukati memitsetse mikuru yekutakura tsvina uye pedyo nemavharuvhu kana makonhi akakosha - nzvimbo dziri panjodzi huru yekugadzikana kana kukanganiswa kwekuyerera kwemvura. Kuti ishande zvakanaka, masensa anofanirwa kunyudzwa zvizere mukuyerera kwemvura uye kutungamirirwa kuti aongorore nzvimbo dzakasanganiswa zvakanaka dzetsvina, zvichideredza kukanganisa kubva mukugoverwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana.
Zviyero zvakakosha pakusarudza mita zvinosanganisira:
- Kuyera tembiricha nekumanikidzwa,
- Kuramba kweAbrasion kwezvikamu zvakanyoroveswa,
- Kukwanisa kubata kuwanda kwezvinhu zvakasimba,
- Kusanyanya kukonzera kusvibiswa kana kuputirwa nezvidimbu zvakasungirirwa.
Zvinhu uye Maitiro Ekusarudza Mamita Emagetsi Akasimba Pamhepo
Kusimba kwakakosha pakushanda kwephosphate slurry. Sarudza mamodheru, akadai seLonnmeter, ane machubhu e sensor anodzivirira kukwesha, kuvakwa kwakasimbiswa, uye kugadzirisa masaini epamusoro kuti atsigire kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu zvinoshanduka. Tsvaga magadzirirwo ezvikamu zvisingafambi kuti uderedze kupera, uye misoro ye sensor yakavakwa nezvinhu zvakaita seduplex stainless steel kana ceramics.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:
- Nguva dzekupindura nekukurumidza (dzinosarudzwa pasi pesekondi),
- Kuwana nyore kwekugadzirisa,
- Kubatanidzwa kwedhijitari nehurongwa hweSCADA kana PLC,
- Kunyora data munguva chaiyo.
Mamita anodiwa anogona kuiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, haanyanyi kuderedza kumanikidzwa, uye anoratidza kuramba kukwira. Kushandisa nzira dzekuyera dzisiri dzenyukireya dzakadai semamita e ultrasonic kana electromagnetic density kuri kufarirwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwekushanda uye kwemutemo.
Zvinodiwa pakuyera mazinga eSlurry Viscosity ari kubhururuka
Kuyerwa kwehuremu hwehuremuMunguva chaiyo zvinonetsa nekuda kwekusafanana kwephosphate slurries. Mamita ekukweshana epamhepo anofanira kutsungirira mamiriro ekukweshana uye kudzivirira kuungana kana kuvharika. Ma viscometer anotenderera kana kuti anodedera, akaiswa zvakananga mupayipi, anopa mhinduro chaiyo pakuchinja kwe viscosity sezvo mamiriro ekushanda achichinja.
Zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzisingashandiswe paindaneti—apo masampuli anotorwa nemaoko uye anoyerwa murabhoritari—mamita ekukweva viscosity online anopa kutarisa kusingadzoreki uye anotsigira kugadzirisa maitiro nguva dzose. Kugona uku kwakakosha mukugadzirisa mwero wekuyerera, kuwedzerwa kwemakemikari, uye kumutswa kwemechanical kuchengetedza kutakurwa kweslurry kwakadzorwa uye kuderedza kuvharika.
Maitiro akanakisa ekuyera viscosity yeslurry anoda:
- Zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupfekwa zvakanyanya,
- Kuvakwa kunodzivirira nzvimbo dzisina kufa kana dzimba dzekugara,
- Maitiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu anosanganisira kuchinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasimba uye maitiro ekuyerera kwemvura.
Kusarudza mita dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa pa internet uye dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu zvakaita se phosphate slurry—uye mugadziri akakodzera—zvinokanganisa zvakananga kugona kudzora phosphate slurry hunhu, kuderedza kuvharika kwepombi, kutsigira slurry transport optimization, uye kupa mhando yezvigadzirwa zvinoenderana panguva yese yekushanda kwepombi.
Kuchera Phosphate
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Maitiro Ekugadzirisa Maitiro Ekugadzirisa Kusviba
Kubatanidza Data reKuyera muKudzora Maitiro
Kubatanidzwa kwedata rekuyera panguva chaiyo kwakakosha pakugadzirisa masisitimu ekugadzirisa tsvina.Mamita ehuwandu hwevanhu paindanetiuyemita dze viscosity online—sezviya zvinopihwa neLonnmeter—zvinopa kuverenga kusingadzoreki, kwakawanda-kazhinji kwehuwandu hweslurry, viscosity, uye particle dynamics zvakananga mumasystem emapaipi. Nekuisa ma sensor aya mumitsara yekushanda, zvivakwa zvinochengetedza slurry composition yakakwana uye zvinopindura kune shanduko ipapo ipapo.
Zvidimbu zvemhinduro zvinongoerekana zvabatanidzwa zvinobatanidza mita idzi dzepamhepo kune masisitimu ekudzora mashandiro. Kana kutsauka kukaonekwa—semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwehuremu hwemvura kana kudonha kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvichiratidza kuderedzwa kwakanyanya—chidimbu chemhinduro chinotanga otomatiki kugadzirisa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kugadzirisa mvura kana zvikafu zvakasimba, kuwedzera kusimuka, kana kuchinja huwandu hwemakemikari. Nzira iyi inoderedza kuvimba nekutora sampling nemaoko uye bvunzo dzemurabhoritari dzinoitika nguva nenguva, izvo zvinowanzo kundikana kuchinja-chinja kwemaitiro nekukurumidza.
Mamita epamhepo anodzivirira kuvharika kwemapaipi uye njodzi yekuisa mvura nekuita kuti pave nekuchinja kwakasimba. Semuenzaniso, kuchengetedza kumhanya kushoma kwemvura kwakakosha; masensa anogona kuratidza mapombi kuti awedzere kuyerera kana kumhanya kukadzika pasi pemiganhu iyo inogona kugadzikana. Mamodheru ekuverenga akasimbiswa mukutakura kwemvura yephosphate yakakura anoratidza kuti mhinduro chaiyo yakavakirwa pamatanho akayerwa, akadai sehukuru hwezvimedu uye kumhanya kwemvura yeslurry, inogadzirisa kushandiswa kwesimba uye inodzivirira kuvharika. Kudzora uku kunotungamirirwa nedata kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwezvinhu, kudzivirira kuvharika kwemapaipi, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine simba rakawanda senge nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa phosphate nemapaipi ekutakura zvicherwa.
Maitiro Akanakisisa Ekugadzirira uye Kubata Slurry
Kudzora kuwanda kwetsvina, kupararira kwezvidimbu, uye kugadzikana kwemusanganiswa kunotanga padanho rekugadzirira. Kuti uchengetedze kufanana uye kudzivirira kugadzika kwemvura nguva isati yakwana, nzira dzakanakisisa dzeindasitiri dzinosanganisira:
- Kuyera nekuparadzanisa zvinhu zvakasimba nemazvo uchishandisa ma "volumetric" kana "gravimetric feeders" pamwe chete nekusanganisa kwekutanga kwe "high-shear".
- Kushandiswa kwemishonga inoparadzira makemikari kana mishonga inodzivirira kugara. Zvigadzirisi zvepolymer zvakagadzikwa mumhando yeNano-grafted, zvakaita seacrylamide-SiO₂ copolymers, zvinopa simba rekusimudzira simbi pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kwenguva yakareba yekushanda.
Kuramba uchikurunga kwakakosha—matangi akamira ane ma-axial flow impellers, anotsigirwa nema-internal baffles, anoita kuti pave nekusanganiswa kwakakwana uye kuderedza nzvimbo dzakafa apo zvidimbu zvinogona kugara. Kumhanya kwekukurunga uye saizi ye-impeller zvinosarudzwa kuti zvienderane nekunaka kweslurry uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvidimbu; kukurunga kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kupisa zvakanyanya, saka masisitimu anowanzo shandisa kusanganisa zvinyoro-nyoro panguva yekubata.
Masisitimu ekudzivirira kugara zvakanaka mumaindasitiri anogona kuwedzera kufambiswa kwemagetsi nematanho ekutenderera kana zvirongwa zvekudzokorodza kufamba kwemagetsi zvinorongwa. Kuti zvigare kwenguva refu, zvivakwa zvinogona kusanganisira kugadzikana kwesimbi kana kwemagetsi, uchishandisa mapolymer kana masurfactants kugadzira zvipingamupinyi zvakakomberedza zvidimbu. Izvi zvinoderedza kuungana uye zvinovandudza hunhu hwekuyerera kwemvura, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa mapaipi uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
Kuyera saizi yezvikamu zvakasungirirwa kuburikidza nemidziyo yepamhepo kunoita kuti pave nekudzora kupararira kwezvikamu—chinhu chakakosha mukudzora kusviba, kupera, uye njodzi yekugadzikana. Kuverenga online kunotungamira kugadziriswa kwemusanganiswa kuchengetedza zvikamu zvakasungirirwa zvichifamba, kudzivirira kuvharika kwezvikamu zvidiki uye mapaipi.
Muenzaniso: Mukufambisa phosphate slurry, kubatanidzwa kwekumutswa kunoramba kuripo, kuwedzerwa kwemakemikari kwakanangana, uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo zvakaderedza zvakanyanya zviitiko zvekugadzirisa uye kurasikirwa nesimba remapaipi, ukuwo zvichivimbisa hunhu hweslurry hunodiwa kubva kufekitori kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yekutengesa kunze kwenyika.
Kunyatsoteerera mazano aya—kubatanidza kuyerwa kwenguva chaiyo, mhinduro dzinoitwa otomatiki, kurongeka kwakarurama, uye kugadzikana—zvinowedzera zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwekuyerera kwetsvina, zvinoderedza matambudziko ekufambisa slurry mumaindasitiri, uye zvinodzivirira kubva pakukanganiswa kwemaitiro.
Mhedziso
Kugadziriswa zvakanaka kwephosphate slurry kwakakosha pakubudirira kwe desulfurization uye dephosphorization maitiro pamwe nekufambisa mapaipi zvakanaka. Hukama hwakaoma pakati pezvinhu zve slurry physical - zvakaita sekusviba, kugoverwa kwehukuru hwe particles, uye maitiro e rheological - uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe kutsauka kudiki kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mwero wekubvisa tsvina uye kuyerera kwezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, slurry viscosity yakakwira nekuda kwehukuru hwe particles kana kuwedzera kuwanda kwezvinhu zvakasimba kunogona kuderedza kushanda kweSO₂ kana phosphorus extraction nekudzivisa kusangana kwe reagent uye kutamiswa kwehuwandu, ukuwo zvichiwedzera mukana wekuti mapaipi avharwe uye matambudziko ekugadzirisa.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Chii chinoita kuti saizi yezvidimbu zvisashande mukufambisa phosphate slurry?
Saizi yezvikamu ndiyo inonyanya kudzora hunhu hwephosphate slurry panguva yekufambisa mapaipi. Zvikamu zvakatetepa zvinobatsira kugadzira suspensions dzakagadzikana, zvichideredza njodzi yekugara uye zvichitsigira kuyerera kunogara kuripo. Zvisinei, sezvo zvikamu zvichiva zvitete, slurry viscosity inowedzera; izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudiwa kwesimba rakawanda rekupomba uye njodzi yakawedzera yekuvharika.
Zvidimbu zvikuru zvinowanzoita kuti pave nekugadzikana nekukurumidza uye kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekukweshana, zvichiwedzera mukana wekuvharika kwemapaipi uye kupfeka kwakanyanya. Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvidimbu kwakagadziriswa (PSD) - kunowanzoitwa nekusanganisa zvikamu zvidiki nezvidiki - kunobatsira pakuderedza kusimba kwesimba remapaipi uye njodzi yekuvharika, ukuwo zvichibatsira kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasimba zviri muchimiro chesimbi kwenguva refu, izvo zvakakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemvura mumapaipi uye kugadzirisa kutakura kwemvura.
Kuyera nekungwarira uye kudzora saizi yezvikamu zvakasungirirwa, kazhinji kuburikidza netekinoroji yepamhepo kana yepamhepo, kunotsigira kushanda kwakasimba uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekufambisa mapaipi. Zvidzidzo zvekufananidzira uye bvunzo dzemurabhoritari zvese zvinosimbisa: kuchengetedza PSD mukati menzvimbo dzakatarwa kunodzivirira matambudziko ekushanda uye kunoita kuti mitengo igadzirisike.
Mita dzemvura dzinoshandiswa paindaneti dzinobatsira sei pakushanda zvakanaka kwepombi?
Mamita emvura ari paindaneti, akadai seaya akagadzirwa neLonnmeter, anopa zviyero zvehuwandu zvinogara zvichiongororwa zvakananga. Kuverenga uku panguva chaiyo kunobvumira vashandi kugadzirisa nekukurumidza mwero wekuyerera, huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaoma, kana kuyerwa kwemvura kuti vachengetedze mamiriro akakodzera ekutakura tsvina.
Kugadziriswa nenguva—kuchitungamirirwa nedata rakarurama rehuwandu—kunoderedza njodzi yekugadzika kwepombi, kunobatsira kusvika pakuwanda kwemvura, uye kudzivirira kusakara kana kuvharika kusingakoshi. Kugara uchitarisa uchishandisa muchina wekuyeresa mvura unotenderwa online kunobvumira kugadziriswa kwemaitiro acho, izvo zvinoderedza kugadziriswa kusina kurongwa uye kushandiswa kwesimba, uye zvinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura mumapombi. Masensa asingapindi mvura, kunyanya ayo anoshandisa misimboti ye ultrasonic kana accelerometer, anopa kushanda kwakasimba kwenguva refu kunyangwe mukushandiswa kwe phosphate slurry kwakaoma, kunorwadza.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kuvharika kwemapaipi panguva yekufambisa phosphate slurry?
Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira mukuvhara mapaipi:
- Kusviba kwakanyanya, izvo zvinotadzisa kuyerera kwemvura.
- Kupararira kwehukuru hwezvimedu zvisina kunaka, zvichiita kuti zvimedu zvigare nekukurumidza.
- Kumhanya kusina kukwana, zvichiita kuti zvinhu zvakasimba zviungane uye zvibatane.
- Kusasanganiswa kwakakwana kana kukanganiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvidimbu zvakawandisa zvibude kubva musimbi.
Kuti kuderedze kana kudzivirira kuvharika kwemvura, kutarisa nguva chaiyo pamwe chete nekudzora kumhanya kwemvura, viscosity, uye kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvinhu zvakakosha. Zvishandiso zvemhando yepamusoro uye matekiniki—sekushandisa online liquid density meter kuti uwane ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo uye kugadzirisa otomatiki maitiro—zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekushanda uye kugadzirisa kunokonzerwa nekuvharika.
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity ye slurry kunobatsira sei kudzivirira kugadzikana?
Kuyerwa kwe viscosity ye slurry kwakasimba kunopa mhinduro pakarepo pamusoro pemafambiro e slurry. Viscosity yakakwira inogona kuratidza kuti zvinhu zvakasimba zvakawandisa kana kuti kusanganiswa kwakaderera, izvo zvese zvinowedzera njodzi yekugadzikana. Viscosity yakaderera inogona kuratidza kusanganiswa kwakawandisa, zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka.
Miyero yakanakisisa ye viscosity yepamhepo ye slurry inopa kuverenga kunogara kuripo, kuitira kuti vashandisi vagone kupindira nekukasika—kugadzirisa mutoro wezvinhu zvakasimba, mwero wekusanganisa, kana kuwedzera mvura. Kuchengetedza viscosity yakakodzera kunoita kuti slurry irambe ichipomba uye kuderedza kupatsanurwa kwe solid-liquid. Izvi zvakakosha pakudzivirira kugara zvakanaka uye kuwana mapatani ekudzora saizi ye suspended particles anoenderana nezvinangwa zvekushanda.
Chii chinofanira kutariswa nevagadziri vemamita e-density online pakushandisa phosphate slurry?
Kuti phosphate slurry ishande zvakanaka, kuvimbika kwemita uye kusimba kwayo zvakakosha. Pakuongorora vagadziri vemita dzemagetsi epamhepo, zvakakosha kukoshesa zvinotevera:
- Masensa anodzivirira kukuvadzwa: Phosphate slurry inokasira; mamita anofanira kugara akasvikwa nguva dzose.
- Kuvaka kwakasimba: Zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kubata nzvimbo dzine zvinhu zvakasimba, zvinoyerera zvakanyanya, uye zvinowanzo paradza.
- Tekinoroji yekuyera: Nzira dzisingapindi muropa, dzisiri dzenyukireya (dzakavakirwa pa ultrasonic, accelerometer) dzinonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa.
- Rutsigiro Rwakaratidza: Kuongororwa kwakavimbika uye rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi nekukurumidza zvakakosha, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa kuzorora nguva inodhura.
- Rekodhi: Sarudza vatengesi vane hunhu hwakaratidzwa mukugadzira slurry inokwesha, senge Lonnmeter, iyo inonyanya kushanda munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzinosanganisira zvinhu zvakasungirirwa uye inopa rutsigiro rwakakura pakushandisa slurry.
Sei desulfurization uye dephosphorization zvichikosha mukugadzirisa phosphate slurry?
Kubvisa sulfurization uye kubvisa phosphorus inzira dzakakosha panguva yekugadzirisa phosphate slurry. Zvinobvisa makemikari akawandisa esulfur nephosphorus anogona kukanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira kana kukonzera matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza.
Kubvisa sarufa nephosphate zvakanaka kunoita kuti chigadzirwa chinobuda chikwane zvinodiwa zvefetereza kana mamwe mashandisirwo emaindasitiri uye zvinoenderana nemitemo yekutevedzera nharaunda. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza ngura, kusvibiswa, uye kukanganisa nharaunda kubva munzizi dzemvura. Kudzora tsvina iyi kwakakosha pakuchengetedza mashandiro uye mvumo yemutemo mukuchera phosphate nekugadzira makemikari.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-28-2025
