Mukufamba nendege, kuve nechokwadi chekuti ndege dzakachengeteka munguva yechando kwakakosha.Kugadzira ndegezvinosanganisira kubvisa chando, sinou, kana chando kubva pamusoro pendege kuti irambe ichishanda zvakanaka, sezvo kunyange huwandu hushoma hwechando hunogona kuderedza kukwira uye kuwedzera kudhonzwa, zvichikonzera njodzi huru.Maitiro ekubvisa ndege kubva mudengakuvimba nezvinwiwa zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinowanzo umbwa neethylene glycol(EG) kana propylene glycol(PG), kunyungudutsa chando uye kudzivirira kugadzika kwechando.
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera mu deicinginzira inokosha yekuchengetedza huwandu hwakakodzera hwezvinwiwa izvi, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga nzvimbo yazvo yekuomesa, viscosity, uye nguva yekubata (HOT). Kuwanda kwakashata kunogona kutungamira mukubviswa kwezvinwiwa zvisina basa, njodzi dzekuchengetedza, kana kuwedzera kwemitengo, nemutengo we $8–12 pagaroni.Mita yekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyererauyemamita ehuwandu hwedeicerinopa mhinduro dzepamusoro dzekutarisa nguva chaiyo, kunyanya mukutarisira marara nekudzokorodza, nekuvandudzamhinduro dzekugadzira ndegeChinyorwa chino chinoongorora basa rekuyera huwandu hwevanhu, mabhenefiti ahwo, uye kubatanidzwa kwahwo mumasisitimu ekudonhedza ndege.
BackgdenderedzwaKikozvinoedge yeKugadzira Ndege
Chii chinonzi Aircraft Deicing?
Kugadzira ndegeinzira yekubvisa tsvina yakaomeswa nechando kubva pamusoro pendege isati yasimuka, zvichiita kuti ndege ifambe zvakanaka. Inosanganisira matanho maviri:
Kugadzira: Kuisa mvura inopisa kuti inyungudise chando, sinou, kana chando chiripo.
Kurwisa icing: Kufukidza pamusoro nemvura kudzivirira kuumbwa kwechando chitsva panguva yevhu.
Masisitimu ekubvisa chando mundege uye ekudzivirira chandokuwedzera kushanda nesimba kwepasi, nedzimwe ndege dzine mapapiro anopisa kana mapropeller. Zvisinei, kuchekwa kwepasi kuchiri kukosha, kuchitungamirirwa nevakadzidziswamatekiniki ekugadzira ndegekutevera zvakasimbamaitiro ekubvisa ndege.
Mhando dzeDeicing Fluids
Zvinwiwa zvinonyungudutswa zvinoiswa muzvikamu zvina, chimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwacho (Ground Icing: Fluid Basics):
Rudzi I: Mvura ine viscosity shoma yekuchenesa, inoiswa inopisa, ine HOT pfupi.
Rudzi rwechipiri: Mvura yakakora yekudzivirira icing, inopa HOT yakareba, inoshandiswa muEurope.
Rudzi rwechitatu: Yakaenzana kune ndege diki, ine kupisa kuri pakati nepakati.
Rudzi rwechina: Mvura ine viscosity yakakura yendege huru, zvichipa maHOT akareba kwazvo.
Mvura iyi inowanzova yakagadzirwa neglycol, uye propylene glycol ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwechepfu shoma.
| Rudzi rwemvura | Kushandiswa Kwakanyanya | Kusviba | Nguva Yekumirira |
| Rudzi I | Kugadzira | Zvakaderera | Pfupi |
| Rudzi rwechipiri | Kurwisa icing | Yakakwirira | Zviri pakati nepakati |
| Rudzi rwechitatu | Kugadzira/Kurwisa kuiisa muchando | Pakati nepakati | Zviri pakati nepakati |
| Rudzi rwechina | Kurwisa icing | Yakakwirira | Refu |
Kukosha kweMafutaDhuwandu
SeiDhuwanduZvinhu Zvinokosha
Kuwanda kwemvura inoyerera kunosarudza mashandiro ayo:
Nzvimbo yechando: Musanganiswa we70% glycol unogona kuderedza nzvimbo yekuomesa kusvika -67°F (-55°C), zvichienzaniswa ne -18°F (-28°C) yemvura isina kusanganiswa.
Kusviba: Inokanganisa kupfapfaidzwa uye kunamira, zvakakosha pakudzivirira kutonhora.
Nguva Yokumirira (Inopisa): Inovimbisa nguva yekudzivirira isati yasimuka.
Tembiricha Yekushandisa Yakaderera (LOUT): Inotsanangura tembiricha inotonhora zvikuru iyo mvura yacho inoramba ichishanda.
Kuwanda kwemafuta zvisina kunaka kunogona kukonzera:
Kusasanganiswa kwemvura zvakanyanya: Kusviba kwakanyanya, kupfapfaidza kusina kuenzana, uye mvura inoraswa.
Kuwedzeredza zvakanyanya: Nzvimbo yakanyanya kuomarara, zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka.
Migumisiro Yezvakatipoteredza Nemitengo
Mvura yekudurura mvura inodhura, uye kushandiswa kwegore negore muUS kunofungidzirwa kusvika magaroni mamiriyoni 25. Kushandisa zvakanyanya kunowedzera mitengo, nepo kuraswa zvisina kunaka kuchikonzera matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza, akadai sekusvibiswa kwemvura yepasi pevhu.Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hweDeicerinobatsira kugadzirisa mashandisirwo uye kutonga marara, ichitsigira kutevedzera mitemo yakaita seyeEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Basa reMamita eDeicing Fluid Density
Chii Chinonzi Deicing Fluid Density Meters?
Mita yekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyererakuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyerera, iyo inoenderana nehuwandu hweglycol. Mamita eUltrasonic kana kuti sonic velocity-based, akadai seaya anobva ku , anoshandisa mafungu eruzha kuongorora huwandu munguva chaiyo, zvichipa mhinduro isingapindire munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Zvikumbiro muKugadzira Ndege
Mamita ehuwandu hweDeiceranonyanya kushandiswa pa:
Kutarisa Mukati: Kuyera huwandu hwemvura mumapaipi ekutakura (semuenzaniso, DN 50), mitsetse yekuunganidza, kana matangi emvura.
Kutarisira Marara: Kuona huwandu hweglycol inosara mumvura yakasviba kuti ishandiswezve (>1%) kana kuti ibudiswe.
Kudzora Maitiro: Kuona kuti mvura yacho yakanaka panguva yekusanganisa nekushandisa.
Mamita aya anotsigiramasisitimu ekudonhedza ndegenekupa ruzivo rwusingaperi, zvichideredza kuvimba nekuongororwa kwemurabhoritari.
Mabhenefiti eKuyera Density yeDeicing Fluid Density
Lonnmeter, semugadziri anotungamira kana mutengesi we deicer density meter, yakapa mhinduro dzakawanda dzehunyanzvi dzinosanganisirakuyerwa kwehuwandu hunoenderera mberiMhinduro dzedu dzinoshanda mukuvandudza kuchengetedzeka, kuchengetedza mari, kutevedzera nharaunda uye kunyange kuvandudza mashandiro.
Kuchengetedzwa Kwakawedzerwa
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera mu deicinginoita kuti mvura isvike padanho rekushanda, ichidzivirira kushanduka kwechando uye ichichengetedza kusimba kwemhepo. Izvi zvakakosha kunemaitiro ekubvisa ndege, sezvakatsanangurwa neFAA.
Kuchengetedza Mari
Nekushandisa mvura zvakanaka,mamita ehuwandu hwedeicerkuderedza marara, zvichiponesa mamiriyoni gore rega rega. Semuenzaniso, kutarisa kwakarurama kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura ne15%, sezvinoonekwa muzvidzidzo zvemuenzaniso.
Kutevedzera Mitemo Yezvakatipoteredza
Mamita ehuremukubatsira kudzora mvura yakasviba nekuongorora huwandu hweglycol, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinotevedzwa nemitemo yeEPA. Kudzokorodza mvura ine >1% glycol kunoderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mari yekurapa.
Kushanda Nesimba Mukushanda
Ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo kubvamita dze deicing fluid densityinoderedza kunonoka, zvichibvumiramatekiniki ekugadzira ndegekugadzirisa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyoremhinduro dzekugadzira ndegeuye inoderedza nguva yekupindura.
Kubatanidzwa neAircraft Deicing Solutions
Midziyo yeDeicing yeNdege
Midziyo yekudhirowa ndegeinosanganisira marori ekupfapfaidza, mabhomu, uye mayuniti anobatwa nemaoko, akagadzirirwa kuisa mvura zvinobudirira.Inmutsetse dMita dzemagetsi dzinoshanda pamwe chete nehurongwa uhwu kuti dziongorore kunaka kwemvura panguva yekushandiswa.
Masisitimu eKugadzira Ndege
Masisitimu ekudhonza ndegeinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemvura, kutarisa, uye kutonga marara. Mamita ehuwandu hwevanhu anovandudza masisitimu aya nekupa data rekudzora otomatiki, zvichideredza kupindira nemaoko.
Kudzidziswa uye Maitiro
Matekiniki ekugadzira ndegevanoda kudzidziswa mumaitiro ekubvisa ndege, kusanganisira kuyerwa kwemvura uye kushandiswa kwayo. Zvishandiso zvakaita sepdf yekurwisa kutonhora uye kudonha kwendegekubva kuFAA vanopa gwara rakadzama (FAA SIAGDP).
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Chii chinonzi deicing yendege?
Kugadzira ndegeinobvisa chando, sinou, kana chando pamusoro pendege kuitira kuti ione kuti kufamba kwakachengeteka.
Chiyero che deicing fluid density meter chinoshanda sei?
Mita yekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyererashandisa mafungu e ultrasonic kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe glycol kuti utarise panguva chaiyo.
Sei kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera kuchikosha?
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hweDeicerinoita kuti mvura ishande zvakanaka, kuchengetedzeka, uye kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza nekudzora huwandu hwevanhu.
Midziyo ipi inoshandiswa pakugadzira ndege?
Midziyo yekudhirowa ndegeinosanganisira marori ekupfapfaidza, mabhoom, uye ma refractometer, ane ma density mita ekutarisa zviri nani.
Mita yekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoyereravari kuchinjamhinduro dzekugadzira ndegenekupa ruzivo rwehuwandu hwevanhu panguva chaiyo, zvichiwedzera kuchengetedzeka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuchengetedzeka. Kunyange hazvo refractive index ichiri chiyero chekuongorora kwekutanga,kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyererainobudirira mukutarisa nguva dzose uye kutonga marara. Nhandare dzendege, vanopa masevhisi epasi, nevagadziri vanogona kushandisa maturusi aya kuti vagadzirisemasisitimu ekubvisa chando mundege uye ekudzivirira chando, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mitemo yeFAA neSAE inoenderana.
Uyezve, Lonnmeter inobudirira mukuratidza mhinduro yakabatana inosanganisira kuramba ichiwanda uyeviscositykuyerwa kwe deicing uye anti-icing systems kundege. Taura nesu kuti muongorore kuti deicer density metres ingasimudzira sei mashandiro enyu—kumbirai sampuro yemahara nhasi (yakaganhurirwa kumayuniti chiuru, anotanga kusvika, anotanga kushumirwa)!
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-13-2025
