Kuyerera kwesimbi: Nheyo, Chinangwa, uye Mabhenefiti Ehurongwa
Kufamba kwesimbi mumatombo inzira yekugadzirisa zvicherwa inovandudza kudzoreredzwa uye kunaka kwesimbi dzakasanganiswa. Inoshanda nekuparadzanisa zvicherwa zvine iron zvakakosha, zvakaita sehematite nemagnetite, kubva kune zvicherwa zvisingadiwe zvakaita sesilica, alumina, nesarufa. Maitiro aya anoenderana nekusiyana kwemakemikari epamusoro, zvichiita kuti zvicherwa zvisanyanya kucheneswa uye kutenderera kwezvicherwa zvakasarudzwa kuti zvive zvakachena uye zvakasanganiswa.
Kuparadzaniswa Kwezvicherwa Zvinokosha Kwakasarudzwa
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekuparadzanisa maflotation kunokonzerwa nekunyudzwa kwevaunganidzi nemafrothers anochinja nzvimbo dzezvicherwa. Semuenzaniso, vaunganidzi vecationic vakaita seetheramines vanonanga silica, zvichiita kuti ifambe kubva kuma iron oxides. Vaunganidzi veanionic vakaita semafuta acids vanobudirira panzvimbo dze iron oxide, zvichiita kuti dzifambe zvakanaka. Kufambira mberi kwazvino kunosanganisira masisitimu ekuunganidza maflotation akasiyana-siyana—etheramine, amidoamine, uye MIBC—zvichivandudza sarudzo ye hematite/goethite uye kuwedzera kuvandudzwa kwekupatsanurwa kwemaflotation.
Kudzora ma process parameters, kusanganisira flotation circuit slurry density control uye accurate reagent dosing adjustment, zvakakosha. High-fidelity iron ore slurry density meters dzakadai seLonnmeter support process parameter stability control nekurebesa optimal mineral-gangue separation, kudzivirira slurry density fluctuation.
Kuyerera kwesimbi
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Kubviswa Kwetsvina uye Kuwedzerwa Kwemhando Yesimbi
Kubvisa tsvina panguva yekuyangarara kunowedzera kugadzikana kwesimbi. Silica, alumina, nesarufa zvinorambwa, zvichigadzira simbi ine simba rakawanda inoderedza simba rinodiwa mukunyungudutsa kwemvura. Kugadziriswa kwemushonga wekuunganidza nekubvisa tsvina, kunogoneswa nemasensa epamusoro, kunoita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti reagent inoshandiswa nemazvo uye kunoderedza marara ereagent.
Kupatsanurwa kwezvicherwa nemagangue kunobatsirawo kuderedza kuverenga kwesimbi ine simbi, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa kwesimba resimbi ine simbi. Kuderedza kusvibiswa kunotsigira kutevedzera nharaunda nekuderedza kuumbwa kwezvigadzirwa zvine njodzi.
Kushandiswa kweMatombo eGrade Low uye Kuwedzera Zviwanikwa
Matombo esimbi asina kunyanya kusimba, anozivikanwa nekusabuda zvakanaka kwezvicherwa uye kusangana kwakaoma, anowanzoda kutenderera kuti awedzere hupfumi. Kutenderera kunogonesa kushandiswa kwesimbi dzakasungirirwa (BIFs) uye matombo asina kusimba nekuisa iron oxides zvakasarudzika. Kubatanidza kutenderera nemaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvisati zvanyatsozara kunowedzera kuburitsa zviwanikwa, kunoderedza marara, uye kunotsigira kutarisa huwandu hwematsime kuti ashandiswe zvakakwana.
Mienzaniso inosanganisira kuvandudzwa uko kuyerera mushure mekuparadzaniswa kwegiravhiti kunobvisa gangue zvinobudirira, kunatsa kusanganisa kune zvinodiwa pakugadzira simbi uye kuderedza kuwanikwa kwesimbi isina kuwanikwa.
Mhedzisiro yeKudonha kweMafashamo muMari
Kuwedzera kwesimbi inonyungudika kunoderedza kudiwa kwesimba uye mari yekugadzira mukugadzirwa kunotevera. Kudzora mari yekugadzira kweFlotation kunobva mukuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekusefa uye kudzivirira kuvhara kwemasefa. Kuparadzanisa zvakanaka kunoderedza kupfeka kwemapaipi uye zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira kuvhara, zvichikurudzira kugara kwenguva refu kwesystem uye kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa.
Kutarisa kwakanyatsogadzirwa mumutsara, senge kugadzikana kwegiredhi resimbi uye kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemasara kuburikidzamita yekuyera kuwanda kwemvura, inoita kuti mashandiro aenderane nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvinhu zvakasara, zvakakosha pakutevedzera mitemo.
Kuderedza Njodzi Yenharaunda
Kuyerera kwemvura kunobatsira mukuchengetedza nharaunda nekubatsira kutungamira masuwa evhu uye kuderedza simbi isina kuwanikwa. Hunhu hwakanaka hwemasuwa evhu kuburikidza nekuyerera kwemvura kunobatsira kugadzirisa ivhu, kunoderedza kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, uye kunoderedza huwandu hwemarara ane njodzi. Kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji yekuvandudza zvinhu zvipenyu kunowedzera kuderedza marara e reagent uye kunokurudzira kugara kwenguva refu.
Kugadzikana kwema process parameter uye kudzorwa kwakarurama kwe reagent zvinorevawo kushoma kwekuburitswa kwemakemikari uye kuburitswa kwemhepo, zvichienzanisa mashandiro nemirairo iri kubuda. Pamwe chete, nzira idzi dzinosimbisa basa re flotation mukusimudzira mashandiro ehunyanzvi uye ezvakatipoteredza ekugadzirisa iron ore.
Midziyo mikuru uye matekinoroji muIron Ore Flotation
Masero eFlotation muKugadzira Mineral
Maseketi esimbi anotenderera anotsigira mhando nhatu huru dzemasero: masero emakanika, ekoramu, uye epneumatic. Masero emakanika anotenderera ane ma agitator nema impellers kuti ave nechokwadi chekusanganiswa kwakasimba, kunowanzo shandiswa pakubata kwawo kwakasimba chikafu chakakora uye chakapfava. Masero emakanika anotenderera, akareba uye akatetepa, anopa kushanda kwakanaka kwekuparadzanisa zvidimbu zvidiki nekugadzira nzvimbo ine mabubbles akapfava uye nzvimbo ine furo yakagadzikana. Masero epneumatic anotenderera anoshandisa ma air jets panzvimbo pe mechanical agitation, zvichiwedzera kuchinjika kwekushanda uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.
Kuchinja kwemasero—kureva nguva yekugara, kufamba kwemhepo, uye saizi yemabubble—zvinokanganisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwekupatsanurwa kweflotation. Nguva refu yekugara inobatsira kubatana kwakakwana pakati pemaminerari nemabubble, ukuwo kugadzirisa kufamba kwemhepo nehukuru hwemabubble zvinorodza kusarudzwa pakati pemaminerari anokosha negangue. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwekufamba kwemhepo kunogona kuvandudza mwero wekugongana kwemabubble-particle, asi kutenderera kwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza kururama kwekupatsanurwa.
Magadzirirwo emaseru eflotation ndiwo musimboti wekushanda zvakanaka kwesekitori uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro. Maseru ane mweya unogadziriswa, magadzirirwo matsva eimpeller, uye masisitimu ekudzora akabatanidzwa anobvumira kushanda kwakasimba pasinei nekusiyana kwehuwandu hwemaslurry density uye organicity yeore. Seri yeflotation inoratidza kufambira mberi kwekushanda ne automated PLC control, real-time monitoring, uye intelligent reagent dosing adjustment, kuderedza marara e reagent uye kutsigira concentrate concentrate grade. Masisitimu emazuva ano anoshandisa live froth image analysis uye machine learning kuti agadzirise nekukurumidza ma operating parameters, kuderedza kutsauka uye kugadzirisa mhando yechigadzirwa. Integrated monitoring inokonzera shanduko chaiyo mu collector ne frother dosages, zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwekurasikirwa kwe reagent uye mutengo wekugadzira. Kufambira mberi uku kunobvumira mashandiro kuchengetedza kushanda kwakanyanya kwe flotation separation uye kuderedza iron ore isina kuwanikwa.
Kuyera uye Kudzora Kuwanda kweSlurry
Kudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera kwakakosha kuti dunhu remvura rigare zvakanaka.mita yekuyera huwandu hwesimbi ine slurry(senge ultrasonic metres) inopa kuverenga kwakarurama, kusingashandise radioactive density, kwakakosha pakugadzirisa maitiro nenguva. Zvinhu zvinosanganisira kusabatwa nekukweva kwepombi, kukurumidza kupindura, uye kuenderana ne automated control systems. Mukuita, kuyera nguva dzose kunogonesa vashandisi kupindura nekukurumidza ku density fluctuation, kudzikamisa flotation separation accuracy uye kudzivirira slurry density-driven effects senge mill overload kana pipeline clogging.
Chiyero chekukora chesimbi chinoiswa panzvimbo dzinoyerera mvura kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti mvura yacho inoyerera zvakanaka. Izvi zvinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwesimbi uye zvinochengetedza kugadzikana kwesimbi nekupa simba rakakodzera rekusefa nekuisa pelletizing units nguva dzose. Kukora kwesimbi kunovandudza kupinza kwemvura ukuwo kuchideredza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kuderedza njodzi yekuvharika kwefirita. Kugadzirisa mwero wemvura inopinzwa uye yekudira firita zvichibva pakuverenga kwenguva chaiyo kunoderedza kuwanda kwekusefa, kunotsigira kudzoreredzwa kwegiredhi, uye kunotsigira kudzora mari yekugadzira.
Kuyera huwandu hwesimbi mumigodhi yesimbi kwakakosha pakuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekuchengetera simbi uye kuwana kushandiswa kwakakwana kwesimbi mumigodhi yesimbi. Kutarisa huwandu hwesimbi mumigodhi yesimbi nguva dzose kunopa ruzivo pakugadzira nekushanda kwedhamu, kudzivirira njodzi dzekuchengetedza uye kubatsira kudzoreredza zviwanikwa zvinotevera. Kuwanda kwesimbi mumigodhi yesimbi kwakagadzikana kunotsigira kudzora kugadzikana kwematanho ekuita uye kunogonesa kuonekwa kwesimbi isina kuwanikwa mumigodhi yesimbi.
Masisitimu ekudzora huwandu hwemvura inoyerera panguva chaiyo anobatanidza kuverenga kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzedunhu—kudya, kusanganisa, kukora, uye tailings—zvichivimbisa kudzivirira kupera kwepombi uye kuvharika kwefirita mukati mekufamba kwemvura. Semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa kwehuwandu hwemvura nekukurumidza kunodzivirira kuungana kwakasimba mumapombi, zvichideredza kugadzirisa uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwemidziyo. Kugadzirisa maitiro kunotsigira kuyera kwakaringana kwe reagent, optimized collector uye frother dosage, uye kunatsiridza kushanda kwese kwe flotation separation. Automated density feedback loops, pamwe chete neLonnmeterultrasonic slurry density meteruye mita dzehuwandu dzinoenderana, dzakakosha pakudzora huwandu hwemvura inoyerera mudunhu remvura, zvichiita kuti pave nekukwanisa kuwedzera zvinhu kubva murabhoritari kusvika kumaindasitiri.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa Kugadzirisa Kuparadzaniswa kweIron Ore Flotation
Kugadzirisa Dosage yeMuunganidzi neFrother
Kuunganidza zvakanaka uye kuyera furo kwakakosha mukuita kweiron ore flotation kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mineral negangue zvinobudirira zvinoparadzaniswa. Zvinhu zvinounganidza zvakaita sefatty acids kana hydroxamates zvinosarudza kusanganisa kune iron minerals, nepo furo—senge MIBC—zvinosimbisa furo uye zvinodzora saizi yemabubbles. Zvese izvi zvinoda kusarudzwa kwakarurama uye kuyera kwakarurama kuti zvicherwa zviwanikwe zvakanyanya uye kuderedza marara e reagent.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakashandisa Response Surface Methodology (RSM) zvakaratidza kuti dosi yekuunganidza inenge 80 ml/kg uye dosi yekubvisa furo inosvika 50 ml/kg ndiyo yakanakisisa pasi pemamiriro chaiwo ekutenderera kwesimbi. Dosi idzi, dzakagadziriswa zvichienderana nemhando yesimbi uye zvinangwa zvekushanda, dzakapa kushanda kwepamusoro-soro kwekuparadzanisa flotation uye kunaka kwe concentrate kwakavandudzwa. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti, musanganiswa we reagent usingawanzoitiki, kunyanya musanganiswa wevaunganidzi neMIBC sefrother, wakapfuura nzira dze single-reagent—zvichikonzera kusarudza kuri nani uye kupora kwakanyanya. Kugadzirisa frother concentration kwakakosha zvikuru mukutenderera kwe coarse particles; kugadzirisa kudiki kunogona kukanganisa kwete chete kushanda zvakanaka kwekuparadzanisa asiwo kudiwa kwesimba, sezvo kuumbwa kwemabubble structure kwakakodzera kunobvumira kukuya kwakanyanya uye kuchengetedza simba.
Kugadziriswa kwakarurama kwereagent dosing kwakakosha. Kusakwana kwekuunganidza/kusanganisa frother kunoderedza kudzoreredzwa uye giredhi re concentrate; mushandisi akawandisa anowedzera mari uye anogona kukonzera tsvina. Masisitimu emazuva ano e automated dosing anobatanidzwa nemhinduro yenguva chaiyo kubva kumamita esimbi ane slurry density, akadai seLonnmeter. Masisitimu aya anogara achichinja mwero wedosing zvichienderana nekuchinja kweslurry density, zvichiita kuti mamiriro ekushanda agare akasimba uye kuderedza marara ereagent. Zvidzidzo zvechangobva kuitwa mumaindasitiri zvinoratidza kuti kubatanidza sensor feedback mumasisitimu ereagent metering kunovandudza mashandiro ekugadzira mineral cell flotation uye kudzora mari yekugadzira.
Kudzivirira Kuchinja-chinja kweSlurry Density
Kuchengetedza huwandu hwemvura inotsvedza nguva dzose mudunhu remvura inotsvedza kwakakosha pakuvandudza kupatsanurwa kwemvura inotsvedza uye giredhi resimbi rinogadzikana. Kuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwemvura kunogona kukonzera maitiro asina kurongeka ebubble, kugoverwa kwe reagent kusingaenderane, uye matambudziko ekushanda senge filter clogging kana kupera kwepombi. Masisitimu ekutonga otomatiki, anotungamirirwa nekuyera huwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo kubva kumamita emvura inotsvedza, anobatsira vashandisi kugadzirisa nekukurumidza kuwedzera kwemvura nezvinhu zvakasimba mudunhu. Izvi zvinoderedza kutenderera kunokonzerwa nekusiyana kwekudya kana kukanganiswa kwekushanda.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa anosanganisira kugara uchienzanisa kuwedzera mvura uye kugadzirisa mapombi emvura asingasviki kana ekudya zvichibva pahuwandu hwemvura inobuda kubva pamamita ehuwandu hwemvura. Kana huwandu hwemvura hukadonha (huchidonha), mavharuvhu anongozvigadzira anoderedza kupinda kwemvura kana kuwedzera huwandu hwemvura yakasimba. Kana huwandu hwemvura hukakwira (huchinyanya kukobvu), mvura inowedzerwa kuti irambe iine huwandu hwakakwana hwemvura inoyerera zvakanaka. Nzira idzi hadzingovimbisi chete kushanda kwemasero emvura inoyerera asi dzinowedzerawo kushanda kwemafuta akawandisa, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekusefa, uye kudzivirira kuvhara kwemembrane yefirita.
Mamita epamusoro, sengeLonnmeteranalyzer yehuwandu hweslurry, bvumira kuyerwa kwekukora kwesimbi panguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinotsigira kuyera kwakafanana kwechinhu uye kubvisa hunyoro mushure mekudonha. Kuti zvinhu zvinyatsogadziriswa, vanoongorora huwandu hwemasaisai esimbi vanoona kuti nzira dzekurasa marara dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetera uye vanotsigira kuonekwa kwesimbi isina kuwanikwa kuti igadziriswe.
Maparamita Anoyera Kuyerera Kwemvura uye Kudzora Kwawo
Boka rezvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshanduka-shanduka zvinofanira kudzorwa kuti pave nekugadzikana kwekupatsanurwa kwemvura. Kumhanya kweimpeller, mwero wekufema, uye nguva yekugara ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru. Kugadziriswa kwavo kunokanganisa zvakananga kugadzirwa kwemabubbles, kusanganiswa, uye nguva inoshandiswa nemaminerals mumasero eflotation. Kugadzirisa izvi zvinhu pasina mhinduro yenguva dzose kunogona kutungamira kumhedzisiro isina kunaka: kumhanya kwakanyanya kweimpeller kunogona kukonzera kudzika kwezvikamu; mwero wekufema wakaderera unogona kukonzera kudzoserwa kwemamineral asina kukwana.
Kuenzanisa maparamita aya kunosanganisira kubatanidza shanduko dzemaitiro nekuverenga kubva kumamita esimbi ane slurry density uye zvishandiso zvekutarisa zvine concentrate. Vashandi vanoshandisa floating component modeling—yakavakwa kubva kudata rekuyedza—uye vanoibatanidza musystem yekudzora yefekitori, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa kwekufanotaura. Semuenzaniso, shanduko muhuwandu hwezvinhu zvinopinda dzinoonekwa nemasensa dzinokurudzira shanduko yekukurumidza kwe impeller kana kuyerera kwemhepo kuti ichengetedze mahwindo akakodzera ekushanda.
Kutarisa kwakarurama kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinopinda uye zvinobuda zvinodzivirira kurasikirwa nesimbi isina kuwanikwa. Kana masensa ehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasara akacherechedza kutsauka, vashandisi vanogona kupindira nekuwedzera nguva yekugara kana kugadzirisa kuwedzera kwe reagent. Iyi feedback loop inowedzera kugadzikana kwema parameter, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti goho riri nani uye giredhi re concentrate rakasimba. Mhedzisiro yacho inowedzera kurongeka kwekupatsanurwa kweflotation, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwezvicherwa zvisina kuwanikwa, uye kudzora kugadzikana kwema process parameter.
Kuvandudza Migumisiro Yemaitiro: Kubva Pakupatsanurana Kunobudirira Kusvika Pakushanda Nemari Zvakanaka
Kuparadzaniswa kweMineral neGangue Kunobudirira
Kuwedzera kusarudzwa kwerutsanga rwesimbi mukudonha kwesimbi kunoenderana nekushandiswa kwe reagent kwakanangwa. Vaunganidzi vekusarudza, vakaita sealkyl ethamines, vanonyanya kunyudza zvicherwa zvesimbi, zvichiita kuti zvisanyungudike uye zvichikurudzira kudonha, nepo zvinoderedza kushushikana zvakaita se starch ne sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) zvichiita kuti zvicherwa zvegangue zvisanyungudike, zvichideredza kudonha kwazvo. Sisitimu ye ternary collector-frother inoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwe reagents kunogona kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekuparadzanisa uye kuderedza huwandu hwe silica ne alumina mu concentrates, kunyanya kune complex ores. Semuenzaniso, SHMP inoderedza chlorite zvakanyanya pasina kukanganisa specularite flotation, zvichibvumira kubviswa kwe silicate gangue zviri nani.
Kugadzirisa maitiro kunoenzanisa kushanda kwemuunganidzi uye simba rekuora mwoyo. Kuderera kwakanyanya kunoderedza kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi; kusasarudzwa kwakakwana kunosvibisa ma concentrates. Zvishandiso zvekuyera zvakabatanidzwa, zvakaita semamita esimbi esimbi enguva chaiyo (kusanganisira Lonnmeter), zvinogonesa kutonga kwakanyatsojeka pamusoro pe slurry density uye reagent dosing, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kweFe uye kudzikamisa giredhi re concentrates. Vashandisi vanogadzirisa aeration, reagent dosages, uye masero emasero vachipindura kune data re continuous density, vachiona kuti mhedzisiro yekuparadzanisa inogara iripo. Mamodheru ekudzidza emuchina anowedzera kufanotaura uye kusimudzira mhando ye concentrates pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anochinja.
Kusimbisa Kukora uye Kugadzirisa Kusefa
Kukora uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekusefa kwakakosha pakugutsa zvinodiwa zvekubviswa kwemvura uye kuchengetwa kwesimbi muiron ore flotation. Kukora kunowedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaoma kuburikidza negravity kana flocculation; kusefa kunobvisa mvura yasara kuti igadzire ma filter cakes akaoma. Kugara uchitarisa nemidziyo yakaita seLonnmetermita yekukora kwesimbiinoita kuti mvura ipinde inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekubvisa mvura uye kuichengeta zvakanaka.
Kugadzirisa kukora kwe concentrate kunoda dosage chaiyo ye flocculant kuti iwedzere huwandu hwemvura iri pasi pemvura uye kuwedzera kujeka kwemvura inoyerera. Danho iri rinochinja zvakananga mashandiro anoita kusefa. Membrane filter inodzvanya, ichitevera kukora kwakanaka, inoita makeke esefa ane hunyoro huri pasi pe6%, zvichitsigira kugadzirwa kwesimbi ine concentrate yepamusoro. Kushandiswa kwesimba rekusefa kunoderera kana keke rakabatana uye richibatanidzwa; mamodheru edzidziso anofanotaura mashandiro ekubviswa kwekeke pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakananga uye kurapwa kwekeke. Kudzivirira kuvharika kwesefa kunoenderana nehunhu hweslurry hwakadzorwa—kunyanya huwandu hwakafanana uye viscosity—hunowanikwa nekuyera kwenguva chaiyo uye dosage chaiyo.
Kutarisirwa kweMarara uye Kuwanikwa kweMatombo Asina Kuwanikwa
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutonga miswe yesimbi pakuyerera kwesimbi kunoenderana nekutarisa kwakarurama kwekushomeka kwesimbi kuti zviwanikwa zvisave zvakachengeteka, kudzoreredzwa kwezviwanikwa, uye kushandiswa kwayo. Kuyerwa kwekushomeka kwesimbi yesimbi, kuburikidzamasensa anongoerekana achishanda otomatiki(seaya akabatanidzwa neLonnmeter), inoita kuti matope asvike pahuwandu hwemvura kuti achengetwe zvakanaka uye inobvumira kudzoserwa kwemvura. Madziro ane huwandu husingatarisirwi anopa njodzi dzekuti madhamu asashande zvakanaka uye kuti ivhu risashandiswe zvakanaka.
Kushandiswa kwesimbi dzakaita sema "tailings" kunoda masisitimu anoona simbi isina kuwanikwa. Maseketi akavakirwa pa "sensor" anoona simbi iri mu "tailings" hova, zvichibvumira vashandisi kunatsa ma "flotation circuit configurations", kudzosa simbi yakarasika, uye kuwedzera kudzoserwa kwemaitiro ese. Simbi yakawanikwa kubva mu "tailings" inogona kubatanidzwazve kuburikidza ne "reprocessing", zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa.
Kudzora Mutengo weKugadzira kuburikidza neSimba uye Kuchengetedza Reagent
Kudzora mutengo wekugadzira musimbi inoyerera kunotarisa pakuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza reagent. Kutarisa huwandu hweslurry panguva chaiyo kunobvumira kugadzirisa kwakanyatsojeka kwereagent. Kuongororwa kwefroth kwakavakirwa pamufananidzo uye matekinoroji ekudzora anochinjika anoderedza chiyero chemuunganidzi nefrother—kuderedza marara ereagent uye kuwedzera kupatsanurwa kwezvicherwa zvinobudirira. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswazve kwemvura ine residual amine collectors kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwereagent itsva kusvika ku46% pasina kuderedza giredhi re concentrate kana kudzoreredza.
Kuchengetedza simba kunoitika pamwe chete nekushandisa reagent dosing yakagadzikiswa. Kushandiswa kwesimba reflotation kwakaderera kunogona kuitwa ne slitting slurry density uye process parameter control, zvichibatsirwa ne sensor feedback uye machine learning models. Mukuwedzera kukora uye kusefa, kuchengetedza feed density yakakodzera kunoderedza nguva yekutenderera uye kudiwa kwesimba rekudzvanya mafirita. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzivirira kupera uye kuvharika kwemapaipi—ne slittle slurry properties uye density—kunoderedza mari yekugadzirisa uye kunowedzera kuvimbika kwekushanda.
Kuyangarara kwemuswe
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Kubatanidzwa Kwemaitiro Epamusoro: Kudzora Kwakagadzikana uye Kuvandudza Kushanda
Kugadzikana kwema parameter eprocess mu iron ore flotation process kunowanikwa nekubatanidza kuyera kwakarurama kwe density pamwe ne responsive circuit control. Real-time slurry density monitoring inokosha; zvishandiso zvakaita seMamita ekuwanda kweLonnmeter inopa data rakawanda uye rakarurama rinopa ruzivo pamusoro pesarudzo dzekudzora uye rinodzivirira kuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu mukugadzirwa kwezvicherwa mumasero eflotation. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu nguva dzose kunoita kuti zvicherwa negangue zviparadzaniswe zvakanaka, kunotsigira kushanda zvakanaka kweflotation separation, uye kudzivirira matambudziko akajairika ekushanda akadai sekuvharika kwefirita, kupera kwepaipi, uye kutsauka kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakachengetwa.
Mamita eLonnmeter density, ane miganho yekukanganisa yakaderera se±0.001 g/cm³, anogonesa kuona nekukurumidza nekugadzirisa slurry density drift. Kudzora uku kunodzikamisa simbi concentrate thicken, kunowedzera kushanda kwe concentrate thickening, uye kunoderedza simbi isina kuwanikwa mu tailings. Mhinduro chaiyo ye density inoumba hwaro hwekugadzirisa dynamic reagents—collector nefrother doses—uye real-time regulation ye flotation circuit parameters kuchengetedza iron concentrate grade stability uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekusefa. Masisitimu akabatanidzwa anoshandisa automated feedback control loops uye model predictive control (MPC) frameworks anopindura dynamically ku density shifts, kudzivirira filter clogging uye kuona kuti zvinoenderana ne tailings storage density requirements.
Kuenzanisa kunaka kwe concentrate uye kugona kudzoreredza mu iron ore flotation kunoda kunzwisisa kudyidzana kwakaoma pakati pe process variables. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzirisa multivariate, zvichibvumira vashandisi kuyedza kukanganisa kwe parameter combinations dzakadai se pH level, particle size, reagent dosage, uye aeration rate pa product goeth uye grade. RSM-ANN hybrid models dzakaratidzwa kuti dzinopa kufanotaura kwakarurama kweR² > 0.98 kune mineral flotation systems. Central Composite Design (CCD) uye advanced optimization algorithms—senge Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG)—inotsanangura systematically optimal process windows, zvichikonzera kuti iron recovery isvike 95% uku ichideredza kusvibiswa kweSiO₂. Aya mamodheru anotsigira chaiyo reagent dosing adjustment, collector uye frother dosage optimization, uye reagent waste reduction, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha pakudzora mari yekugadzira uye kuvandudza flotation separation accuracy.
Mhinduro yekukurumidza yemaitiro ekudya inochinja inogoneswa nezvishandiso zvinosanganisa kuyerwa kwepamusoro kwemuviri uye modhi inotungamirirwa nedata. Mhinduro yepamusoro kubva pakuyera density inobvumira kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kweflowrate, reagent dosing, uye aeration, zvichichengetedza zvinangwa zvekushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeore grades uye mineralogies. Maitiro ekudzidza kwemuchina, kusanganisira mapatya edhijitari eflotation circuits uye AI-based froth image analysis, anopa kugona kwekugadzirisa adaptive control uko kunokurumidza kugadzirisa kutsauka mukugadzirwa kwekudya kana slurry density. Zvishandiso zvekufananidzira zvakaita seJKSimFloat zvinowedzera kugadzirisa dhizaini yedunhu uye maitiro ekushanda nekubvumira kuyedzwa kwe "what-if" chaiyo, kutsigira kugadzirisa kwakasimba kwemaitiro pasina kuisa njodzi pazvinhu zvekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kwecircuit settings zvichibva pakuyerwa kwe iron ore density measurement kuchengetedza tailings density mukati memiganhu yekutevedzera uku zvichiwedzera kushandiswa kwakazara kwezviwanikwa.
Kubatanidzwa kwemamita ekudzivirira kusimba akadai seLonnmeter nemasisitimu ekudzora zvinofanotaurwa—kusanganisira chubhu-MPC yakasimba yekudzikisa kusimba—kunoita kuti parameter irambe yakasimba panguva dzese dzekukuya nedzekudonha. Nekushandisa nzira dzinoenderera mberi dzekutarisa uye kugadzirisa mhinduro, vashandi vanowana mhando yezvigadzirwa isingachinji uye mwero wepamusoro wekudzoreredza muiron ore flotation, uku vachidzora mari yekushandisa uye vachidzivirira matambudziko ekusefa, mapaipi, uye tailings.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Chii chinonzi kuyerera kwesimbi uye nei kuwanda kwesimbi kuchikosha?
Maitiro ekugadzira simbi kubva mumatombo esimbi anoparadzanisa zvicherwa zvesimbi zvinokosha kubva mugangue nekubatanidza zvicherwa izvi kumabubble emhepo ari mumacircuits ekugadzira zvicherwa muma cell ekugadzira zvicherwa. Izvi zvinopa huwandu hwepamusoro-soro uye kuchena kwakawedzerwa. Kuwanda kweslurry chinhu chakakosha mukushanda zvakanaka kwekuparadzanisa flotation, zvichikanganisa mashandiro anoita zvicherwa pakati pefroth ne tailings. Kudzora kwakakodzera kunodzivirira matambudziko akadai sekusagadzikana kwefroth, kudzikira kwekupora, uye matambudziko ekusefa. Kugadzirisa slurry density kunoita kuti mineral ne gangue separation zvive zvinobudirira, kudzora kugadzikana kwema process parameter, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo iri pasi pemvura, kusanganisira ma filters ne thickeners.
Mita dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira simbi dzinobatsira sei pakushanda kwechikamu cheflotation?
Mamita esimbi ane slurry density, akadai seaya anobva kuLonnmeter, anopa kuyera nguva dzose, panguva chaiyo kwe pulp density panzvimbo dzakakosha dzekudzora. Iyi data inogonesa kudzora flotation circuit slurry density control, iyo inokosha pakuchengetedza mamiriro ekuparadzanisa akaenzana. Mhinduro otomatiki inobvumira kugadzirisa nekukurumidza ma process parameters, kusanganisira kugadzirisa kwakanyatsojeka reagent dosing uye kufamba kwemhepo, kuve nechokwadi chekuvandudzwa kwekupatsanurwa kweflotation. Mabhenefiti aya anosanganisira kudzivirira kushanduka kweslurry density, kudzivirira kupera kwepaipi uye kuvhara, uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa. Vashandi vanogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa nematombo asina kuwanikwa, kuwedzera kufambisa kwedunhu, uye kuderedza mari yekugadzira kuburikidza nekushanda kwakasimba uye kwakanaka kunotsigirwa netekinoroji yekuyera yakarurama.
Ko muunganidzi uye muchina wekugadzira ungagadziriswa sei pakugadzira flotation?
Kugadziriswa kwemushonga wekuunganidza nekubvisa dose kunoenderana nehuwandu hwezvinhu panguva chaiyo uye data rekugadzirisa. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu nguva dzose kunobvumira masisitimu ekuisa dosing kuti agadzirise mamiriro ekudya anochinja-chinja, kuderedza marara e reagent uye kuwedzera kurongeka kwekupatsanurwa kwe flotation. Masisitimu ekuisa dosing epamusoro anoderedza kusiyana, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kwemazinga e concentrate uye kudzikira kwemari yekushandisa mumafekitori ekugadzira zvicherwa. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera otomatiki kwe reagent, kunokonzereswa ne online density feedback, kunoderedza mamiriro ese ari maviri e overdose uye low dose izvo zvaizoderedza mashandiro e flotation circuit uye kuwedzera zvinodiwa zvekudzora mutengo wekugadzira.
Sei kuyerwa kwekusimba kwesimbi kwakakosha pakushanda zvakanaka kwemiti?
Kuyera huwandu hwekukora kwesimbi kwakakosha pakubvisa mvura zvakanaka, kuve nechokwadi chekuti kukora kwesimbi kwakawedzera uye giredhi resimbi rakasimba. Kutarisa kwakaringana kunodzivirira kuvhara kwefirita, kunobatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekusefa, uye kunoita kuti chigadzirwa chisvike pazvinodiwa zvehunyoro pakuchengetwa nekutumirwa. Kudzora kukora kwakanaka, kunotsigirwa nemita yekukora kwesimbi, kunobvumira kutonga kwakaringana kwemvura nguva dzose uye kunovimbisa kuti masisitimu ekusefa anoshanda zvakanaka, nokudaro zvichitsigira zvinangwa zvehupfumi nehunyanzvi zvechigadzirwa.
Kutarisa huwandu hwemasailings kunowedzera sei kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa?
Kutarisa huwandu hwemashanga esimbi kuti ishandiswe zvizere kunoita basa guru mukuchengetedza, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kuyera huwandu hwemashanga esimbi kunobatsira zvirimwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza huwandu hwemashanga uye mitemo yekuchengeta nekuburitsa mvura. Kutarisa nguva dzose kunopa yambiro yekutanga yekuchinja kwemaitiro kana shanduko dzemvura, zvichideredza njodzi yezviitiko zvezvakatipoteredza uye kusakara kwemidziyo. Zvinobvumirawo kuonekwa kwesimbi isina kuwanikwa mumashanga, zvichipa mikana yekugadzirisa zvakanyanya uye kuvandudza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa. Izvi zvinotsigira kuverengwa kwakakwana kwehuwandu hwezvinhu uye zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano zvekutarisira zvirimwa zvinofamba zvakanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-25-2025
