Kutarisira zvakanaka kuwanda kwecyanide yakasununguka mukugadzirwa kwecyanide yegoridhe kunoda kuyerwa panguva chaiyo mukati memaseketi ekubvisa tsvina. Vaongorori vemukati, vakaiswa zvakananga mumapaipi eslurry kana matangi, vanogara vachitevera kuwanda kwecyanide yakasununguka, residual cyanide, uye WAD cyanide. Zvishandiso izvi zvinobvisa kunonoka kwekutora sampling nemaoko, zvinoderedza njodzi dzekukanganisa kwemushandisi, uye zvinopa data rekuita maminetsi ese matatu kusvika gumi, zvichitsigira kuita sarudzo nekukurumidza munzvimbo dzinoshanduka dzezvirimwa.
Nheyo dzeKubvisa Cyanide muGoridhe
Kubvisa goridhe kubva muCyanide ndiyo nheyo huru yekudzoreredza goridhe kubva mu hydrometallurgical, zvichibvumira kubviswa kubva mumatombo emhando yakaderera uye akaomarara. Mukuita uku, goridhe rinoshandurwa kubva muchimiro charo chesimbi chepakutanga kuita complex inonyungudika, kazhinji kuburikidza nekushandisa sodium cyanide (NaCN) pasi pemamiriro ealkaline akasimba. Maitiro emakemikari akakosha anosanganisira goridhe, maion eCyanide, uye molecular oxygen, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwe stable gold cyanide complex [Au(CN)_2]^–—chinhu chakakosha pakuburitsa goridhe kubva muindasitiri:
4 Au + 8 CN⁻ + O₂ + 2 H₂O → 4 [Au(CN)₂]⁻ + 4 OH⁻
Kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakwana hwecyanide, oxygen yakanyungudutswa yakakwana, uye alkaline pH (kazhinji >10) zvakakosha kuti zvive nyore kunyungudutswa uye kubata zvakachengeteka, sezvo mamiriro ealkaline achidzivirira kuumbwa kwegasi rehydrogen cyanide rine chepfu. Kubuda kwemhepo kunokonzerwa zvakanyanya neizvi, pamwe ne pulp density uye particle size - variables dzinogara dzichigadziriswa mumabasa emiti uye dzinotaurwa mu advanced gold cyanidation research. Pamusoro pezvo, ore mineralogy uye kuvapo kwetsvina, senge copper ions, zvinogona kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro nekukwikwidzana necyanide uye kugadzira complexes dzisingadiwe dzinowedzera kushandiswa kwe reagent uye kudzikisa mwero wekudzoka kwegoridhe.
Kuongororwa kweCyanide neGoridhe muGoridhe Leaching Solution paindaneti
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Maitiro ekubvisa gold cyanide achiri asina kuenzana nawo mukushanda kuri nyore, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuburitsa goho remhando zhinji dzematombo. Kufambira mberi munguva pfupi yapfuura kunosanganisira thermodynamic uye kinetic modeling kufanotaura maitiro ekubvisa leach, kugadzirisa huwandu hwecyanide yakasununguka, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwakawandisa kwe reagent kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwe pulp leaching concentration analysis uye kuyerwa kwe density ye gold leachate. Iyo Lonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter yekuyera cyanide yakabatsirawo pakuongororwa kwakarurama uye kwenguva chaiyo kwehuwandu hwecyanide mumabasa ekuchera, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kudzora mamiriro ekubvisa leach uye kuderedza kutambisa.
Kunyange hazvo kuchekwa kwecyanide kuti kuchekwe goridhe kuchinyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri, nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzisina cyanide dziri kuwana rutsigiro nekuda kwekunetseka kuri kuwedzera kwezvakatipoteredza nemutemo. Mamwe matekinoroji akadai sethiosulfate nehypobromite leaching anopa dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzine hushamwari nezvakatipoteredza uye akaratidza makwikwi ekuwana gold recovery gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold gold goods muzvidzidzo zverabhoritari nemitambo yekutanga. Semuenzaniso, maitiro eDundee Sustainable Technologies anoshandisa sodium hypobromite kutsiva cyanide, zvichiita kuti goridhe rikurumidze kuchekwa uye kubvisa njodzi dzekurapwa nekurasa cyanide leachate. Zvisinei, kushandiswa padanho iri kunopikiswa nezvinhu zvinosanganisira mutengo, kubatanidzwa kwemaitiro, uye kuenderana kweore.
Kusarudzwa kwemaitiro pakati penzira dzisina cyanide nedzasina cyanide kunoenderana nekuenzana kwekudzoserwa kwegoridhe kubva mukushandiswa kwecyanide leachate, kugona kwehunyanzvi, mari yekushanda, kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kutevedzera mitemo. Kushandiswa kwecyanide leaching kunoramba kuri nzira inofarirwa kune akawanda mabasa ekuchera nekuda kwekuchinja kwekushandiswa kwecyanide mukushandiswa kwegoridhe uye njodzi dzinogoneka dzezvakatipoteredza kana dzakabatana nemasisitimu ekutarisa huwandu hwecyanide. Kusiyana neizvi, matekinoroji epamusoro ekushandiswa kwecyanide leaching uye dzimwe nzira dzinochengetedza nharaunda dzinopa nzira dzakakosha kumigodhi inotarisana nematambudziko erezinesi remagariro evanhu, mhando dzakaoma dzematombo, kana nzvimbo dzakaoma dzekutonga. Kuchinjana kwenzira yega yega kunoda kuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka kwehuwandu hwecyanide hwakasununguka uye hwakasara mukushandiswa kwegoridhe leachate, huwandu hwepulp, kuumbwa kweleachate, uye zvirambidzo zvenzvimbo.
Chemistry uye Maitiro Ekuita muGold Cyanide Leaching
Stoichiometry yeGoridhe Yakanyungudutswa: Goridhe, Cyanide, uye Kudyidzana kweOxygen
Maitiro ekubvisa gold cyanide anotungamirirwa ne stoichiometry inotsanangurwa neElsner Equation:
4 Au + 8 CN⁻ + O₂ + 2 H₂O → 4 [Au(CN)₂]⁻ + 4 OH⁻
Kuita uku kunoratidza mabasa makuru egoridhe resimbi, maion e-cyanide akasununguka (CN⁻), uye okisijeni yemamorekuru. Mole yega yega yeokisijeni inogonesa kunyungudika kwemamoles mana egoridhe, necyanide ichiumba complex yakagadzikana ye dicyanoaurate ([Au(CN)₂]⁻). Cyanide yakakwana neokisijeni zvinofanira kunge zviripo kuti goridhe ribudiswe zvakanaka uchishandisa cyanide leaching.
Basa reOkisijeni seCatalyst; Kukanganisa kweOkisijeni Yakanyungudutswa paLeach Kinetics
Okisijeni inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha chinobatsira kunyungudika kwegoridhe asi haishandiswi nenzira yekukurumidzisa—inobatanidzwa muchimiro che stoichiometric asi kazhinji inoderedza mwero wekuita mumaindasitiri. Kinetics ye leaching yegoridhe, kunyanya mukudzora huwandu hwe pulp leaching, inoenderana zvakanyanya nehuwandu hwe oxygen yakanyungudika (DO). Kana cyanide yakasununguka yakawandisa, kushaikwa kwe oxygen kunoderedza zvakananga mwero we leaching.
Semuenzaniso, okisijeni shoma yakanyungudutswa inoderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwe leach kunyangwe cyanide yakawanda, nepo DO yakawandisa kuburikidza nekuwedzera aeration, agitation, kana kuwedzera oxygen nanobubble kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kinetics uye gold recovery. Data remurabhoritari nenzvimbo inoratidza kuti kuyerwa kweokisijeni yakawanda kunogona kupfuudza okisijeni inowanikwa pamusoro pegoridhe nekuda kwekusakwanisa kutakura mu pulp; DO chaiyo pa reaction interfaces inowanzova yakaderera, zvichiwedzera kusimbisa kukosha kwematanho epamusoro ekudzora okisijeni uye kugovera.
Kukanganiswa kweAlkaline Conditions (pH Adjustment) paKuchengetedzeka uye Kushanda zvakanaka kweSisitimu
Kubviswa kweCyanide kuti gold ibudiswe kunofanira kuitika mumamiriro ealkaline akasimba, kazhinji pH 10–11.5. Iyi pH range inosimbisa cyanide nekukurudzira kuvapo kwemarudzi eCN⁻ akasununguka uye kudzvinyirira kuumbwa kwegasi rehydrogen cyanide (HCN), iro rinobuda pa pH iri pasi pe9.3 uye rinokonzera njodzi huru yekuchetura.
pH inowanzo gadziriswa uchishandisa sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), kana lime (Ca(OH)₂), zvichisarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rweore uye mashandiro emari. Kushandiswa kwe lime, kunyanya pamusoro pe pH 11, kunogona kudzora mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe—mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemaitiro e interfacial pane kunyungudika kweokisijeni. pH yakawandisa ne lime inobatanidzwa nekudzikira kwekushanda kwe leach, kunyanya kana arsenic kana zvimwe tsvina zviripo, nekuda kwekuchinja kwe surface kana chemical kinetics.
Kuti nzira yekubvisa goridhe rakasviba uye rinoshanda zvakanaka, mafekitori egoridhe emazuva ano anoshandisa otomatiki pH uye cyanide concentration monitoring zvichibva pa tekinoroji ye inline sensor. Izvi zvinoita kuti maitiro acho agare mukati me alkaline window yakanaka, zvichidzikamisa free cyanide, uye zvichidzivirira kuumbwa kweHCN kune njodzi ukuwo zvichideredza kushandiswa kwecyanide uye kunyungudika kwetsvina kusingadiwe.
Kukosha kweCyanide: Cyanide Yemahara vs. Kuwanda kweCyanide Yasara Mukati meMaitiro
Mukuongorora huwandu hwe pulp leaching, haisi cyanide yese yakanyungudutswa inowanikwa zvakaenzana pakubviswa kwegoridhe. Maitiro aya anosiyanisa pakati pecyanide yakasununguka nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ecyanide akasara (akaoma).
- Cyanide yemahara(huwandu hweCN⁻ iripo uye, kana pH yakaderera, HCN) ndiyo inoshanda inoita kuti gold inyungudike zvakananga.
- Cyanide yasarainoumbwa nesimbi-cyanide complexes (semuenzaniso, ine mhangura, iron, kana zinc). Mhando idzi hadziwanikwe zvakanyanya kuti dzinyunguduke goridhe, dzinowedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide, uye ndidzo dzinonyanya kunangwa mukurapa nekurasa cyanide leachate nekuda kwekutya.
Kudzora kwakarurama huwandu hwecyanide hwakasununguka kwakakosha kuti goridhe riwedzere kuburitswa uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwecyanide. Maitiro ekuyera huwandu hwecyanide hwakasununguka, kusanganisira maturusi epamusoro senge Lonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter yekuyera cyanide, inobvumira kugadzirisa real-time reagent additions. Izvi zvinochengetedza kushanda zvakanaka uye zvinoderedza huwandu hwecyanide hwasara kusvika padanho rakaringana.
Cyanide yakawanda inogona kuratidza kusawirirana kusingadiwe (semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwesimbi), kudzora mashandiro asina kunaka, kana kudiwa kwemakemikari e leach akagadzirwa—kunyanya kana uchichinja kuenda kune dzimwe nzira dze gold leaching dzinoshanda zvakanaka kana nzira dze gold leaching dzisina cyanide. Kudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe kubva mu cyanide leachate maitiro emazuva ano anoshandisa nguva dzose cyanide speciation monitoring sechikamu chehunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwe cyanide leaching kuti zvifambire mberi mashandiro, kuchengetedzeka, uye kutevedzera nharaunda.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinokanganisa Maitiro Ekubvisa Goridhe Cyanide
Hunhu hweMatombo uye Kugadzirira
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa cyanide yegoridhe kunoenderana ne mineralology yedombo, saizi yegold particles, uye kurapwa kwacho kusati kwaitwa. Matombo ane goridhe akavharirwa mumaminerari esulfide, kunyanya pyrite, anozivikanwa seasingashande uye anoratidza mwero wakaderera wekuburitsa kunze kwekunge agadziriswa zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, ma concentrates ane pyrite akawanda anoda cyanide yakawanda, asi izvi zvinowedzera kushandiswa kwe reagent uye mitengo yezvakatipoteredza pasina kuvimbisa kudzoserwa kwegoridhe zvakaenzana. Kuwedzera kwesimbi dzebase dzakadai semhangura, zinc, kana iron kunokwikwidzana negoridhe kuti riwane cyanide, zvichikonzera kushandiswa kusingakoshi uye kugadzira passivation layers pagoridhe, zvichidzivirira kuparadzwa.
Zvicherwa zvinobvisa goridhe zvakaita sekabhoni yechisikigo, uye zvicherwa zvegangue zvinotora goridhe, zvinoderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwegoridhe. Nokudaro, kutsanangurwa kwakazara kwezvicherwa usati wagadzira goridhe kwakakosha kuti uone mhando dzine matambudziko uye hukama hwadzo. Kuvandudzwa kwekubviswa kwegoridhe kunosanganisira kuona kana goridhe richigayiwa nemahara—rinowanikwa kuti rigayiwe zvakananga—kana kuti rakavharirwa uye richida kurapwa kwekutanga.
Kugoverwa kwehukuru hwezvikamu kunokanganisa zvakananga kuyerera kwechinhu mukugadzirwa kwegoridhe. Kukuya kwakapfava kunowedzera kuratidzwa pamusoro, zvichiwedzera mwero wekupora, asi kupfuura saizi yakakodzera, kukuya kwakanyanya kunoderedza kushanda zvakanaka nekugadzira matope anotadzisa kutamiswa kwehuwandu uye kunogona kuwedzera kurasikirwa. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti, kune akawanda maore, kuwedzera huwandu hwegoridhe rakasununguka pakugaya kwakati kunoita kuti cyanide iwanikwe zviri nani uye kuti ishandiswe nemaindasitiri. Kukuya kwakapfava kunobatsira kune goridhe rakaputirwa zvakanyanya asi kunogona kukonzera kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwe reagent kana agglomeration.
Nzira dzekurapa dzisati dzagadzirwa dzinosarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rweore. Kurapa kwekugadzira nekushandisa michina nekukuya zvakapfava zvakanyanya kunowedzera mukana wekuwana goridhe rakavharirwa. Kurapa nemakemikari senge alkaline kana acidic leaching kunoputsa sulfide matrices inokuvadza. Kurapa nekupisa, senge kugocha, kunoshandura sulfides kuita ma oxides, zvichiita kuti goridhe rive nyore kudonhedza mvura. Kuisa lime usati wadonhedza mvura kunodzivirira pH uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemarudzi anonyunguduka uye anokurumidza kusanganiswa nemafuta. Semuenzaniso, kugocha nealkaline uye oxidative yezvikamu zviviri kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kudzoreredzwa kweore dzerudzi rweCarlin. Pama tailings ekuSouth Africa anoramba kugadzirwa, kusanganiswa kwekugadzirisa nemakemikari kunowedzera mwero wekutorwa kwegoridhe kupfuura chero nzira imwe chete.
Mamiriro Ekushanda Kwekudzora Kushanda
Kugadzirisa Kuwanda kweCyanide
Kuwanda kwecyanide mumushonga kunofanira kutarisirwa zvakasimba. Kusakwana kwecyanide inosunungura kunonotsa kunyungudika, nepo kuwanda kunowedzera mutengo uye mutoro wezvakatipoteredza pasina kuwedzera kwakakodzera mukudzoserwa kwegoridhe. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti inosvika 600 ppm ndiyo imwe yero yakakodzera kune mamwe maore, zvichitsigira kunyungudika kwakakwana asi zvichideredza kutambisa. Kutarisa nguva dzose kuwanda kwecyanide uye kuyera otomatiki dosing—uchishandisa maturusi akaita seLonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter—kunobvumira kuwedzera reagent yakagadziriswa zvakanaka inoenderana nezvinodiwa neore uye kudzikamisa mari yekushanda.
Kuwanda kweLeachate nePulp Leaching Concentration
Kuwanda kwepulp—chiyero chemvura chakasimba—chinoita basa rakakosha mukutakurwa kwehuremu uye kudzoserwa kwegoridhe. Kuwanda kwepulp kunovandudza kuburitswa kwegoridhe nekuda kwekufamba kwakanyanya kwemvura uye kuwanikwa kwereagent asi kunowedzera mari yekubata mvura nereagent. Kuwanda kwakanyanya kunoderedza kushandiswa kwereagent asi kune njodzi yekuburitswa kwehuremu kusina kukwana nekuda kwekutakurwa kwehuremu kusina kunaka. Kuongorora huwandu hwepulp leaching uye kuyerwa kwehuremu hwegoridhe zvinodiwa kuti zviitwe zvakanaka.
Kusagadzikana uye Kudzora Kupisa
Kukurunga kwakakodzera kwakakosha pakumisa zvidimbu uye kukurudzira kubatana kwakanaka pakati pecyanide yakanyungudutswa negoridhe. Kukurunga kwakakwirira kunowanzo wedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa tsvina, kunyanya kune matombo anowanzo sliming kana kuunganidza zvidimbu. Zvisinei, kukurunga kwakasimba kunogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa kwemuviri kana oxygenation isingadiwe. Saizvozvowo, kuwedzera kwekushisa kunoita kuti goridhe rinyunguduke nekukurumidza, asi tembiricha dzekushanda dzinofanira kuenzana—tembiricha dzakakwirira dzinokurumidzira kumhanyisa kupindura kwemhedzisiro asiwo dzinokurudzira kurasikirwa kwecyanide kuburikidza nekuputika kana kuora.
Kudzora Nguva Yekuburitsa
Nguva yekubviswa kwechinhu ichi inofanira kunge yakareba zvakakwana kuti kunyungudutswa kwacho kupedzwe asi ipfupi zvakakwana kuti iwedzere kunaka kwayo uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwemishonga inobviswa nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana kunogona kuderedza nguva inodiwa yekubata zvinhu zvakanyanya ukuwo kuchivandudza kupora kwayo. Nguva pfupi yekubviswa kwechinhu ichi ine makemikari anoshanda zvinoderedza zvinodiwa zve reagent, mari yekushandisa, uye njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza. Kudzora zvakakwana nguva yekubviswa kwechinhu ichi kwakakosha kuti uenzanise kushandiswa kwe reagent ne kinetics yekubvisa zvinhu zvemhando dzakasiyana dzematombo.
Kunyatsobatanidzwa kwetsanangudzo yematombo, kusarudzwa kwesimbi isati yagadzirwa, kudzora huwandu hwemapumps, kutarisa huwandu hwecyanide nguva dzose, uye kugadzirisa mashandiro enzvimbo zvinotsigira kuburitswa kwegoridhe kwemazuva ano uye kunoshanda uchishandisa cyanide leaching.
Matekiniki eKuyera neKudzora Kutarisa Mukati
Mhinduro dzeKutarisa dzemazuva ano
Maitiro ekuyera huwandu hwecyanide yakasununguka anosanganisira masensa e amperometric uye ligand exchange reactions, izvo zvinobvumira kuyera kwakananga uye kwakarurama kwakakodzera kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwepulp leaching uye kuyerera kwegold leachate. Zvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita se free cyanide neWAD cyanide zvinofanirwa kuyerwa kuti zvionekwe kuti maitiro acho adzorwa sei uye kuti nharaunda itevedzere mitemo, sezvo miganhu yemutemo yava kuda kuteverwa kwenguva refu kwehuwandu hwecyanide yakasara mugold leachate. Zvishandiso zviri mukati, zvakaiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha mudunhu, zvinogonesa kudzora kwakarurama kwe cyanide dosing uye zvinopa yambiro yekutanga yekutsauka kwemaitiro.
Zvishandiso zvekuyera zveUltrasonic, zvinomirirwa neLonnmeter Ultrasonic Concentration Meter, zvinoshandiswa pakutarisa huwandu hwecyanide nepulp mu leaching circuits. Iyi mita inoshandisa misimboti yekutumira yeultrasonic kuona shanduko dzehuwandu hwemhinduro dzine chekuita nehuwandu hwecyanide negold leachate. Kuyera kwakananga kunogonesa vanoshanda kuongorora nekukurumidza kushanda kwegoridhe, kugadzirisa aeration uye agitation parameters, uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemaitiro. Dhizaini yeLonnmeter inotsigira real-time, automated data logging uye kubatanidzwa nekukurumidza neplant control systems. Semuenzaniso, pakutarisa huwandu hwepulp, Lonnmeter inopa mhinduro dzinoramba dzichienderera mberi, ichideredza kudiwa kwekuyera huwandu hwelabhoritari uye ichibvumira kugadzirisa nekukurumidza kuenderana kwepulp kuti ive nani leaching kinetics uye gold recovery.
Mukuita, mhinduro dzemazuva ano idzi dzinopa:
- Ruzivo rwepakarepo pamusoro pecyanide uye kuwanda kwayo, zvichivandudza kunyatsoita dosing.
- Kutevedzera mitemo yekubuda kwemvura uye mitemo yekubuda kwetsvina nekuda kwedata re cyanide rinosara rinogona kushanda.
- Kuchengetedza mari yekushanda, sezvo kugadzirisa maitiro kunogona kuitwa pasina kunonoka.
Maitiro Ekugadzirisa Mhinduro
Kudzora maitiro otomatiki kunoshandisa data rekuyera mukati kuti rirambe richivandudza kuwedzera kwe reagent, density ye pulp, uye aeration mukubvisa goridhe uchishandisa cyanide leaching. Nheyo huru ndeye feedback—kuverenga kwema sensor panguva chaiyo kunotumirwa kune programmable logic controllers (PLC), iyo inozogadzirisa otomatiki kuwedzera kwe cyanide, destruction reagents, uye leaching additives. Izvi zvinobvisa zvikanganiso zvekuyedza nemaoko, zvinosimbisa kudzora leaching kinetics, uye zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwe cyanide.
Maitiro ekupa mhinduro kumatambudziko anosanganisira:
- Pfungwa dzinobva pamitemo, dzinoisa miganhu uye mwero wekuyerwa kwedosi zvichibva pamiganhu yakatarwa ye cyanide.
- Kugadziriswa kwakavakirwa pamuenzaniso, uko kunodudzira data rine masensa akawanda—cyanide, density, pH, oxygen yakanyungudutswa—kuti zviwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekudzoreredza goridhe.
- Kuyera goridhe nepakati kunobvumira kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwegoridhe rinobuda mugomba kuti ritsigire kugadziriswa kwekuvhunduka uyekugadzikana kwetsvina.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa mhinduro otomatiki anoderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide, marara e reagent, uye kusiyana kwekushanda. Semuenzaniso, zvidzidzo zvemakambani zvinoratidza kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwecyanide kusvika ku21%, nekudzoserwa kwegoridhe kunoramba kuripo kana kuti kuri nani nekuda kwekuumbwa kwe leachate kwakanakisa uye kudzora mashandiro anoshanda. Kudzoserwa kwegoridhe kubva ku cyanide leachate kunobatsira zvakananga kubva pakuyera reagent kwakasimba, kwakarongeka.
Masisitimu akabatanidzwa ekupa mhinduro anotsigirawo dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa gold dzinochengetedza nharaunda nekuchengetedza kudzora kwakasimba huwandu hwecyanide, kuderedza kusvibiswa, uye kugadzirisa kuparadzwa kanamaitiro ekudzoreredzaKuongororwa kweropa otomatiki kwakavakirwa pakuyerwa kweropa online kunopfuura nzira dzekushandisa nemaoko, idzo dzinononoka uye dziri nyore kutadza kuenderana.
Muchidimbu, matekinoroji epamusoro ekugadzira cyanide anosanganisa kuyerwa kwemukati—sengeLonnmeter Ultrasonic Concentration Meter—nekutonga kwemhinduro otomatiki. Nzira iyi inovandudza nhanho yega yega, kubva pakuongorora huwandu hwe pulp leaching kusvika pakurapwa nekurasa cyanide leachate, zvichikurudzira kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro uye kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza.
Kugadzirisa Maitiro uye Kuvandudza Kudzoreredza
Ruzivo rwekuyera panguva chaiyo runoumba musimboti wekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira gold cyanide leaching process. Zvishandiso zviri mukati zvakaita seLonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter zvinopa kuverenga kwakarurama, kunoramba kuripo kwe free cyanide concentration uye leachate density, zvichipa vashandisi ruzivo rwunodiwa kugadzirisa mashandiro ekushanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira automated cyanide dosing control, iyo inochengetedza target concentration bands uye inoderedza kusiyana kwemaitiro. Semuenzaniso, kuchengetedza free cyanide mukati me ±10% ye setpoints kunoita kuti leaching kinetics ishande zvakanaka pasina kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwezviwanikwa kana kurasikirwa negoridhe, kunyangwe kana mhando yematombo kana throughput ichichinja.
Kugadziriswa kwesimba, kunogoneswa nekutarisa cyanide pasina kukanganiswa, kunokurudzira kukurumidza kupindura mukudzora macircuits e leach. Masisitimu ekuzadza otomatiki, anotsigirwa nedata renguva chaiyo, anoderedza njodzi dzekusashandisa goridhe rakawanda (zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwegoridhe) uye kudhakwa zvakanyanya (zvichikwidza mitengo ye reagent uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza). Data kubva kune vanoongorora inline rinobatanidzwa zvakanaka ne pulp leaching concentration analysis uye density measurement workflows, zvichipa ruzivo pamusoro pekumhanya kwe mixer, mwero we aeration, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha mukubvisa goridhe uchishandisa cyanide leaching.
Kugadzirisa zvinhu kunowedzera kusvika pasi: kuyerera kwedata kwakabatana kunotsigira kunyudzwa kwekabhoni (CIP/CIL) uye matanho ekunaya kwezinc, kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu zvichienderana nekuvapo kwecyanide iripo. Mumaitiro ekunyudzwa kwekabhoni, huwandu hwecyanide hunotariswa nemazvo hunoita kuti kabhoni yakakangwa isasvike pakuzara kana kupotsa mikana yekubata, nepo kugadzirisa pH nekabhoni zvichibva pamaprofiles e leach panguva chaiyo kunogona kuwedzera kushanda kwegoridhe kunyudzwa pamusoro pe98% mumatombo akaomarara. Kune kunyudzwa kwezinc, kunyanya muzvikafu zvine simbi yakawanda (senge zinc nemhangura), kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakwana hwecyanide mu leachate yegoridhe kunodzivirira kushandiswa kwezinc yakawandisa uye kusadzorwa kwemhedzisiro - kunatsiridza zvakananga mwero wekupora.
Maitiro eSART, anoshandiswa apo simbi dzesimbi dzine kupindira kukuru, anobatsirwawo nekuyera cyanide. Kudzora otomatiki matanho e sulfidization uye acidification, zvichitungamirirwa nedata recyanide remahara panguva chaiyo, kunoita kuti zinc nemhangura zvibviswe, izvo zvinoita kuti solution yecyanide ishandiswezve kuti irambe ichibviswa. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide, zvinowedzera kushanda kwegoridhe kubva mu cyanide leachate, uye zvinotsigira dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzine hushamwari nezvakatipoteredza.
Mukuderedza kushandiswa kwe reagent, kubatana pakati pekutarisa nekukurumidza kuwanda kwecyanide uye kudzora maitiro hakugone kuwedzeredzwa. Nekudzivirira kuwedzerwa kwecyanide yakawanda, zvirimwa zvinoderedza zvakanyanya mitengo uye zvinoderedza kugadzirwa kwemarara ane njodzi. Panguva imwe chete, kuchengetedza cyanide dose yakaderera inogoneka inodzivirira njodzi yekubviswa kwemafuta asina kukwana kana kubatwa kwegoridhe, zvichiita kuti pave negold gold gold good good. Inline systems,nekuda kwekusapindirana kwavo nekukanganiswa netsvina kana kuyerera kwakasiyana-siyana, vanonyanya kukodzera chinangwa ichi—kupa ruzivo rwakavimbika uye runogona kushandiswa padanho rega rega rekurapwa nekurasirwa kwecyanide leachate.
Kuwana goridhe kwakakodzera kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekuwiriranisa maparamita egoridhe reach uye maitiro ekudzoreredza, zvese zvichitsigirwa nekutarisa kwakaringana uye kuenderera mberi. Kugadziriswa kwemaitiro kwakagadzirwa, kunoenderana ne inline cyanide concentration uye density metrics, kunogadzira system yakavharwa iyo inowedzera kudzoka uku ichisimudzira kuchengetedzeka uye kuchengetedzeka mu cyanide leaching yegoridhe. Maitiro aya anobvumira mashandiro kushandisa matekinoroji epamusoro e cyanide leaching munzira dzechinyakare uye dzisina cyanide leaching, zvichiramba zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka, kudzoreredza, uye kutevedzera mitemo nekuda kwemasisitimu ekudzora akasimba anotungamirirwa nedata.
Maitiro Ekudzoreredza Goridhe
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Kutarisirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza muCyanide Gold Leaching
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekutarisira nharaunda mukubvisa cyanide yegoridhe kunoenderana nekubvisa tsvina, kurapwa, uye kubata tsvina yecyanide nemarara. Tekinoroji nemaitiro zvafambira mberi mukurwisa cyanide yasara, zvichideredza njodzi dzehutano hwevanhu nedzezvakatipoteredza.
Kubvisa chepfu muCyanide Leachate, Kurapa, uye Kutarisira Kubviswa kweMatavi muMatavi
Nzira dzekubvisa chepfu mu cyanide leachate dzinotanga kuputsa nekubvisa chepfu ye cyanide. Kuoxidation yemakemikari inoramba iri tsika, ichishandura cyanide isina chepfu uye isina simba (WAD) kuita mhando dzakachengeteka dzakadai se cyanate, iyo isina chepfu yakawanda uye inoora nyore nyore. Kubatanidzwa kwevanoongorora maitiro epamhepo nemasisitimu anoongorora cyanide otomatiki kwakaita kuti zvirimwa zvienderere mberi nekutarisira, zvichideredza kuburitswa kwechepfu.
Kutarisirwa kweMarara kunoenderana neTailings Storage Facilities (TSFs) dzakagadzirwa kuti dzive necyanide yakasara. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzinosanganisira kushandisa ma double liners, seepage collection systems, uye continuous water balance monitoring. Izvi zveinjiniya zvinobatsira kudzivirira kupinda kwemvura pasi pevhu uye kusvibiswa kwemvura pamusoro pevhu. Maitiro ekushanda kweTSF anoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekunyanyisa kwemamiriro ekunze uye njodzi dzemvura munzvimbo dzakasiyana, nemirairo yekuchengetedza inotsanangura zviito zvekuchengetedza biota yemuno nezviwanikwa zvemvura.
Kutarisirwa kwemvura kwakakwana kunosungirwa, kunosanganisira kushandiswazve kwemvura, kurapwa usati wabuda mumvura, uye kuronga njodzi yekutyorwa kweTSF. Zvirongwa zvekugadzirira njodzi zvinosanganisira data rekutarisa maitiro panguva chaiyo kuti kukurumidze kupindura kana mvura yabuda kana kutadza kushanda.
Kutarisa uye Kuderedza Kuwanda kweCyanide Yakasara
Kutevedzera mitemo kunoda kuti huwandu hwecyanide hwasara hurambe huchiongororwa nekungwarira, uye huchiongororwa neunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwecyanide panguva chaiyo uchishandisa matekinoroji akadai seMita yekuyera ultrasonic yeLonnmeteruye zvishandiso zvekutengeserana zvinoshandisa ligand exchange amperometry zvinoita kuti pave neongororo chaiyo yefree cyanide neWAD cyanide mhando dziri mukati megold leachate streams.
Masisitimu aya anotsigira:
- Kudzora kuyera kwecyanide otomatiki, kuderedza kushandiswa kwe reagent yakawandisa ukuwo kuchichengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwekudzoreredza goridhe.
- Kubatanidzwa zvakananga nemaitiro ekuparadzwa kwecyanide, zvichipa simba rekutarisira kwakasimba mitemo yekuburitsa tsvina uye mvumo yezvakatipoteredza.
- Kutumira data kure kwemabasa ekuchera migodhi akapararira, zvichivandudza kufukidzwa kwenzvimbo nenguva uye kuzvidavirira pakushanda.
Kuramba uchitarisa pamiganhu yekuona yakaderera kusvika pa10 ppb kunoita kuti vashandi vakwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza munyika nepasi rose. Masisitimu ega ega anoderedza zvikanganiso zvemasampuli nemaoko, anopfupisa data feedback loops, uye anopa nguva dzakatarwa dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirisa.
Kuderedza Nhanho dzeChipenyu Uku Uchichengetedza Kushanda Kwemaitiro
Kuenzanisa kudzoserwa kwegoridhe kubva mukukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kunoda zvinopfuura kungotarisa nguva dzose. Tekinoroji yepamusoro yekudzoserwa kwecyanide inobvumira kushandiswazve kwecyanide mukati memaitiro ekubvisa goridhe, zvichideredza zvakananga marara ane chepfu uye mari yekushandisa, ukuwo zvichichengetedza mwero wekudzoserwa kwegoridhe. Kushandiswa kwemaitiro aya kunoderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kunoenderana nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvekuchengetedza nharaunda.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, nzvimbo dzekuchera goridhe dziri kuramba dzichiedza dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe risina cyanide, kusanganisira thiosulfate, glycine, kana dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza nharaunda. Kana cyanide isingadzivisike, kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwegoridhe rakaburitswa uye kuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka kwehuwandu hwepulp leaching kunotsigira kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwe reagent, kuderedza huwandu hunodiwa uye kuderedza chepfu yetsvina.
Nzira itsva, dzakadai sekuderedza kugocha uye kupatsanurwa kwemagineti mukugadzirisa tsvina, dzinoderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide uye dzinobvumira kudzoserwa kwakazara kwesimbi dzinokosha kubva munzizi dzemarara. Maitiro akanaka enzvimbo anosimbisa dhizaini yakasimba yenzvimbo, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda kuderedza kuburitswa kwetsaona uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti hutungamiriri hunochinjika uye hune njodzi muhupenyu hwese hwemugodhi.
Zvidzidzo zvakatorwa kubva kunyika dzakadai seKenya neAustralia zvinoratidza kuti kushandisa nzira idzi nguva dzose kunoderedza zvikuru njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzine chekuita nekubviswa kwecyanide, kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emutemo kana ekushanda.
Pakupedzisira, manejimendi ezvakatipoteredza mukubviswa kwegoridhe kubva mu cyanide anoda musanganiswa wehunyanzvi hwekubvisa tsvina kubva muropa, kutarisa kwakasimba kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakasara, uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzeindasitiri dzekubvisa tsvina kubva muropa uye kudzora maitiro. Nzira iyi yakabatana inochengetedza kuchengetedzeka kweveruzhinji nekwezvakatipoteredza ukuwo ichivimbisa kudzoserwa kwegoridhe zvakanaka.
Kuvandudzwa muKubvisa Goridhe Pasina Cyanide
Nzira dziri kubuda dzekubvisa goridhe risina cyanide dziri kuwana rutsigiro sezvo indasitiri yemigodhi iri kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka uye dzinogara kwenguva refu pane nzira yechinyakare yekubvisa goridhe cyanide. Matekinoroji aya anotarisa kunetseka kukuru pamusoro pekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi, uye rezenisi revanhu, ukuwo vachisundira miganhu yehunyanzvi yekudzoreredza goridhe.
Kubvisa Thiosulfate
Kubvisa goridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinodzivirira kuparadzwa kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinodzivirira kubviswa kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinodzivirira kubviswa kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinosvibisa goridhe. Kubviswa kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinosvibisa goridhe kunogona kusvika 87% kune zvinhu zvakaoma, zvine sulfide yakawanda—kunyanya kana ammonia ne copper ions dziripo se catalysts. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita se ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, zvinowedzera goho uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwe reagent, zvichideredza mitengo uye nharaunda. Magnetization ye copper-ammonia-thiosulfate lixiviant inowedzerawo kushanda kwekubvisa goridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinosvibisa goridhe, zvichivandudza kuwanda kwemafuta uye oxygen, zvichikonzera kuburitswa kwegoridhe kwakakwira ne4.74% zvichienzaniswa ne non-magnetized systems. Zvisinei, kudzorerwa kwegoridhe kunogona kuramba kwakaganhurirwa kune mamwe ma ore maviri anodzivisa goridhe apo goridhe rakaputirwa zvakanyanya nezvicherwa, zvichisimbisa kukosha kwe mineralology ye ore pakusarudzwa kwemaitiro.
Kubvisa Glycine
Glycine—amino acid yechisikigo, inoora—inoshandawo semushonga unoshanda wekubvisa goridhe. Maitiro ekubvisa goridhe anobatsira kusarudza zvakanyanya uye chepfu shoma, nehuwandu hwekubvisa goridhe hwakanyorwa hunopfuura 90% pamatombo emhando yepasi uye matope emhando yepamusoro kana hukawedzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita se copper ions uye pre-treatments. Iyi tekinoroji inozivikanwa nekuvandudzika kwayo kwekuchengetedza uye njodzi shoma kuvhu nemvura, zvichienzaniswa ne cyanide leachate. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuomarara kwekushanda uye mari ye reagent, pamwe nezvinodiwa zve ore-specific optimization, zvinogona kupa zvipingamupinyi zvekugamuchira. Zvidzidzo zvemaindasitiri muAustralia neCanada zvinoratidza zvese kugona kwehunyanzvi nehupfumi, asi kuita kunoenderana nekuongorora kwakadzama kwe pulp leaching concentration, kutarisa kwakasimba kwemaitiro, uye kuchinjika kune chikafu chaicho chemugodhi.
Kubvisa Chloride neHalogen
Maitiro ekubvisa tsvina kubva pa chloride nedzimwe halogens anopa dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda dzekubvisa tsvina kubva muzvinhu zvisina kuchena uye masero ekare, zvichigadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu apo kubvisa cyanide kuti ibudiswe goridhe kunopikiswa ne mineral encapsulation kana miganhu yemutemo. Kubvisa tsvina kubva muzvinhu zvine oxidants senge sodium hypochlorite uye hydrochloric acid kunogona kuvandudza kupora kwegoridhe kubva mumasero asina kuchena neanopfuura 40%. Maitiro aya anoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu ane acidic uye anonyanya kusanganiswa ne pretreatments senge bio-oxidation kana pressure oxidation kuti ivhure goridhe risingawanikwe mu primary mineral structures. Matambudziko ekushanda anosanganisira kuchengetedzeka kwe reagent handling uye manejimendi yekugadzikana kwemakemikari mukati memaitiro ese. Ongororo dzehupenyu dzinoratidza mukana wakaderera wekudziya kwepasi rose zvichienzaniswa ne cyanide flowsheets dzechinyakare, asi zvakare dzinoratidza kudiwa kwemaitiro akaomarara ekushanda.
Nzira dzepamusoro dzeReagent
Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza ma reagent matsva akagadzirirwa kusarudza, kukurumidza, uye zvinobudirira goridhe. Masisitimu akavakirwa pa sodium cyanate, kana akagadzirwa ne sodium hydroxide ne sodium ferrocyanide pakupisa kwakanyanya, anoratidza mwero wekubuda kwe 87.56% mu concentrates uye pamusoro pe90% mu e-waste recycling. Kubudirira uye kusarudza kunokonzerwa ne sodium isocyanate semhando inoshanda. Maitiro eCLEVR, achishandisa sodium hypochlorite kana hypobromite mu closed, acidic system, anowana gold gold gold gold gold inodarika 95% mukati memaawa mashoma, zvichienzaniswa nemaawa anopfuura 36 e classic cyanidation. Nzira iyi inogadzira inert residue uye inobvisa zvachose tsvina ine njodzi uye madziva etsvina, zvichiita kuti ive inokwezva nzvimbo dzine dambudziko rekurapwa nekurasa cyanide leachate.
Nzira yemakemikari yakabatana inoshandisa kugadzira hydroiodic acid mu situ inopa mamwe mavandudziro ekunyungudika kwegoridhe kubva muzvinhu zvinoshandisa simba, kunyanya marara emaindasitiri, nekuderedza marara e reagent uye kushanda zvakanaka kwehupfumi. Nzira idzi dzinoratidza kuti, nemamiriro ezvinhu akagadziriswa uye kudzora maitiro panguva chaiyo—sekushandisa matekiniki ekuyera huwandu hwecyanide yakasununguka uye kuyerwa kwepamusoro kwe density yegoridhe leachate—nzira dzisina cyanide dzinogona kukwikwidza kana kupfuura cyanide mukushanda zvakanaka uye kushanda kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kuongorora Kuenzanisa
Kushanda Nesimba Kwemaitiro:Maitiro asina Cyanide akadai se thiosulfate ine magnetized uye hypochlorite leaching ane kinetics yekubvisa uye goho riri kusvika, kana mune mamwe mashandisirwo anopfuura, maitiro e gold cyanide leaching. Masisitimu eGlycine anopawo goho remakwikwi kune mamwe maore akasarudzwa.
Kuchengetedzeka:Nzira dzisina Cyanide dzinobvisa njodzi dzechepfu dzakakomba dzine chekuita nehuwandu hwecyanide mugold leachate. Nzvimbo dzebasa dzinovandudzika, uye njodzi yekushandiswa kwemakemikari inoderera zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, kungwarira ma oxidants nema halogens kuchiri kukosha.
Kukanganiswa Kwezvakatipoteredza:Kubvisa marara asina Cyanide kunokonzera marara asina njodzi yakawanda, kunoita kuti kurapwa nekurasa marara acho zvive nyore, uye kunoderedza kukanganisa mvura nevhu. Kuongororwa kwehupenyu hwese kunosimbisa kuvandudzika kukuru pamusoro pemasekete ecyanide, nehurongwa hwemasara asina chepfu uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza marara asina chepfu ari iwo anoshanda zvakanyanya.
Kusarudza nzira yakanakisisa yekubvisa gold leaching inochengetedza nharaunda zvichienderana nemaitiro ematombo, kudzora nharaunda, uye kugadzirira kushanda. Zvishandiso zvekutarisa zvepamusoro, zvakaita seLonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter yekuyera cyanide, zvinoramba zvichikosha panzira dzese dzekuita, zvichiona kuti leaching kinetics yakarurama mukugadzirwa kwegold cyanidation—ingave iripo cyanide here kana kuti kwete—uye zvichitsigira mashandiro akasimba ekubvisa gold.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Chii chakakosha pakuyera huwandu hwecyanide yakasununguka mukuita kwekugadzira goridhe recyanide?
Kuyera kwakarurama huwandu hwecyanide hwakasununguka kwakakosha kuti maitiro ekubvisa cyanide yegoridhe ashande zvakanaka. Cyanide yakasununguka inomiririra chikamu chinoshanda chemakemikari chinowanikwa kugadzira goridhe-cyanide complexes, zvichiita kuti goridhe rinyungudike kuita mhinduro yekuburitsa. Cyanide yakasununguka isina kukwana inogona kudzvinyirira mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe, ichideredza goho rese; cyanide yakawandisa inotungamira mukushandiswa kwema reagents zvisina kunaka uye inowedzera njodzi yekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mutengo wekugadzirisa. Vanoongorora otomatiki online, kusiyana nekushandisa manual titration, vanopa kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo kunobvumira kudzora kwakasimba kwecyanide dosing uye kunotsigira kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekuburitsa. Maitiro aya anoderedza marara emakemikari uye anosimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda, sezvakaratidzwa muzvidzidzo apo huwandu hwakanyanya hwecyanide hwakasununguka hunosvika 600 ppm hunowedzera kudzoserwa kwegoridhe nekuderedzwa kwemutoro wezvakatipoteredza.
Kuwanda kwe leachate kunokanganisa sei kushanda zvakanaka kwe gold cyanide leaching?
Kuwanda kwe leachate (kana kuti pulp) kunokanganisa zvakananga kutamiswa kwehuwandu, kusanganiswa, uye kuwanikwa kwe cyanide ne oxygen kuti goridhe riyerere. Kuwanda kwakarongeka zvakanaka kunovandudza kusangana kwezvidimbu zvegoridhe kune ma reagents uye kunovandudza kinetics ye leaching. Semuenzaniso, kuderedza huwandu hwe pulp kunogona kuwedzera kudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe nekubatsira kusanganiswa kwe reagent, nepo huwandu hwakawanda hwepamusoro hunogona kukanganisa kusanganiswa uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwe cyanide. Kugadzirisa huwandu hwe pulp, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvakaita se pH netembiricha, zvinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mwero wekubviswa kwegoridhe nekuderedza nguva yekubviswa, kunyanya kune ma ores emhando yakaderera. Kuedza kwakaratidza kuti kuenzana kwakakodzera pakati pe solid-to-liquid ratio uye mixed aid-leaching agents kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwe cyanide nehafu ukuwo kushanda kwakapetwa kaviri kune mamwe marudzi e ore.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira kushandisa Lonnmeter Ultrasonic Concentration Meter mukutarisa huwandu hwe pulp leaching?
Iyo Lonnmeter Ultrasonic Concentration Meter inobvumira kutarisa kwehuwandu hwe pulp leachate uye huwandu hwayo panguva chaiyo. Dhizaini yayo ye clamp-on, isiri yenyukireya, inodzivirira kusangana zvakananga neslurry ine njodzi, ichibvisa njodzi dzekubuda kwemvura uye inovandudza kuchengetedzeka, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine ngura. Mudziyo uyu unopa kunyatsojeka kwekuyera mukati me0.3% uye unobatanidzwa zvakanaka ne PLC/DCS process control systems kuti irambe ichishanda otomatiki. Vashandi vanogona kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwe reagent uye kugadzirisa dosing ipapo ipapo kuti varambe vachiwana gold recovery yakagadzikana. Kugadzirwa kwemita iyi isina kugadziriswa uye inogara kwenguva refu, inodzivirira ngura inokodzera mamiriro akaoma ekuchera uye inotsigira kuvimbika kwenguva refu. Mumashandisirwo akasiyana kubva ku gold cyanide leaching kusvika kukugadzirwa kwegirazi remvura, mhinduro yeLonnmeter chaiyo inovandudza kugadzikana kwemaitiro, inoderedza marara, uye inobatsira mukutevedzera mitemo.
Kuwanikwa kwegoridhe kunogona kuitwa here pasina kushandisa cyanide?
Ehe, dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzisina cyanide dziripo. Matekiniki anoshandisa thiosulfate, chloride systems, glycine, trichloroisocyanuric acid, uye sodium cyanate reagents akaratidza kuti goridhe rinodzoserwa rinowanzo pfuura 87–90%. Nzira idzi hadzina chepfu, dzinogona kudzokororwa, uye dzinoshandawo pamatombo nemarara emagetsi. Kushandiswa kwadzo kunoenderana ne mineralology yematombo, mutengo, kuoma kwemaitiro, uye mitemo yemuno. Kushandiswa kwadzo kunosiyana: mamwe mapurojekiti, seREVIVE SSMB, anoratidza kugadzikana kwakanyanya uye kushanda zvakanaka, nepo mamwe achisangana nematambudziko ekushanda uye emunharaunda. Kunyange zvazvo nzira dzisina cyanide dzichipa zvakanakira zvakatipoteredza uye dzichisangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedza, kugona kwadzo kugadzirisa goridhe kunofanirwa kufunga nezvemitengo ye reagent uye kuenderana nezvivakwa zviripo.
Sei zvichikosha kudzora huwandu hwecyanide inosara panguva uye mushure mekubviswa kwegoridhe?
Kudzora huwandu hwecyanide inosara mu leachate kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu. Cyanide inosara mu leachate ine njodzi huru uye inofanirwa kutarisirwa kuti ienderane nemitemo yepasi rose inoburitswa. Nzira dzakadai se chemical oxidation, biodegradation ne specialized microbes, adsorption pa activated carbon, uye photocatalysis dzinoshandiswa kuderedza huwandu hwecyanide isati yaburitswa tsvina. Kudzora kwakakodzera panguva yeku leaching kunowedzera kudzoserwa kwegoridhe uye kunoderedza huwandu hwecyanide inosara, zvichideredza zvinodiwa pakurapwa. Kusatevedzera mitemo kunotungamira mukusvibiswa uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika kuhutano kune vanhu vari pedyo nenharaunda. Kutarisira cyanide zvine hungwaru kunoenderana nemaitiro akanakisa ekuenzanisa hupfumi nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kunotsigira rezenisi yenharaunda yekushanda kwemugodhi.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-26-2025
