Kuyera huwandu hwemafuta nguva nenguva ndiko kunonyanya kukosha kwekushandisa michina yekuongorora mafuta, kunyanya kana uchienzanisa ne hydroisomerization dewaxing uye nzira yepamusoro yekubvisa mafuta mumafuta. Munzvimbo idzi, kugona kuunganidza data rechokwadi, renguva chaiyo, rinokanganisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta, kugara zvakanaka kwechigadzirwa, uye kudzora viscosity mumafuta.kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora.
Maitiro emazuva ano ekuchenesa mafuta machena, kunyanya hydroisomerization dewaxing, anoshandiswa pakushandura mafuta zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoda kugadziriswa kwakasimba kwemaitiro ekuchenesa mafuta. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisira kwakasimba kwe hydrocarbon compositions kuti pave nekudzikira kwekudurura mafuta uku uchichengetedza kana kuwedzera viscosity index, iyo inokosha pakugadzirwa kwemafuta anozorwa. Tekinoroji yekuyera density inoenderera mberi inoita kuti pave nekukurumidza kuona chero kuchinja kwe compositional, sezvo kutsauka kudiki mu density kunowanzo ratidza shanduko mu viscosity kana chiratidzo chekubvisa tsvina isina kukwana—zvose zviyero zvakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemafuta anozorwa emhando yepamusoro.
Semuenzaniso, inline density meters—senge dzakagadzirwa neLonnmeter—dzinoshandisa masensa epamusoro akadai seacoustic, tuning fork, uye cantilever-based technologies. Aya maturusi ekutarisa maitiro enguva chaiyo anoburitsa kuverenga kwehuwandu hwesensitive zvakananga kubva muma process streams. Kana akabatanidzwa mu hydroisomerization dewaxing uye degumming stages, anobvumira vashandisi kuona nekugadzirisa kutsauka nekukurumidza, vachitsigira kutonga zvakananga pamusoro pekuchena kwechigadzirwa uye viscosity. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekuti mafuta asiri e-spec asvike kuma process ekupedzisira kana kuchengetwa kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.
Kuzvigadzira otomatiki kwemaitiro kunogoneswa nekutarisa nguva dzose kwehuwandu hwemafuta kunowedzera simba rayo mukugadzirisa mashandiro emafuta nekutsigira kudzora kwakaringana kwezvinokonzera dewaxing kuti zviome. Kusarudzwa kweCatalyst uye kushanda kwayo zvinoenderana nekuzivikanwa nekukurumidza kwekuchinja kwechikamu uye kuchinja kwechimiro, izvo data rehuwandu hunoratidza. Ruzivo urwu runobvumira kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwezvinokonzera, kubvisa tsvina zvakanyanya mukuchenesa mafuta, uye kudzora kwakawedzerwa panguva yekuvandudza viscosity index - imwe neimwe ibwe guru rekudzora kunaka kwemafuta ekuzora.
Mabhenefiti acho anooneka: ma inline density sensors anogonesa kuwana zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa nguva dzose, zvichiwedzera kugona kudzokororwa kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe uye zvichideredza mukana wekuti chigadzirwa chigadziriswe zvinodhura. Kukurumidza kupindura—kunoyerwa mumasekonzi kwete mumaawa—kuwedzera kana mune dzimwe nguva kutsiva kuyedzwa kwerabhoritari kunononoka uye kunoshanda nesimba.
Kushandiswa kweMafuta Machena
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Zvisinei, matambudziko akati wandei anomuka mukushandisa tekinoroji yekuyera huwandu hwevanhu panguva imwe chete pakati pematambudziko ekugadzirisa maitiro emazuva ano ehydrocarbon dewaxing. Chipingamupinyi chikuru ndechekusiyana kwezvikafu. Nzvimbo dzekuchenesa dzinowanzo chinja kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, imwe neimwe iine mhando dzakasiyana uye mitoro yekusvibiswa. Ma sensors emukati anofanirwa kuramba akasimba, akagadziriswa nemazvo, uye achikwanisa kupa mhedzisiro inodzokororwa pasinei nekusiyana kwematrix.
Kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa nekumanikidzwa kunounza rimwe dambudziko guru. Kusiyana kunogona kukonzera kudhonzwa kwesensor kana kukanganisa kwekuyera—zvichikanganisa zvakananga kugara kwechigadzirwa mumafuta ekuzora. Mhinduro dzemazuva ano dzinosanganisira maalgorithms ekupisa nekumanikidzwa akaiswa muhardware, akadai sekugadzirisa kwakavakirwa pakuita bilinear interpolation, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwekugadzirisa, uye machine learning frameworks anotsiva process hysteresis. Iyi level yepamusoro yekubhadharwa inoita kuti data rechokwadi rivepo panguva chaiyo kunyangwe mamiriro ekushanda achichinja.
Kubvisa gum nekubvisa dewaxing, sematanho akakosha munzira dzepamusoro dzekubvisa gumming uye maitiro ekubvisa dewaxing ne hydroisomerization, zvinoratidzwa nekuvapo kwezvikamu zvemakemikari zvine hukama. Dambudziko riripo pakusiyanisa zvikamu izvi kuti tiongorore kushanda kwekubvisa tsvina mukuchenesa mafuta. Kuyera huwandu hwemafuta nguva dzose, kana kuchiitwa nemidziyo ine resolution yepamusoro, kunobatsira mukusiyanisa shanduko diki muhuwandu hune chekuita newakisi isina kuchinjika uchienzaniswa nezvigadzirwa zvinodikanwa zve isomerized. Kuonekwa nekukurumidza kwemusiyano mudiki uyu kunotsigira kugadziriswa kwemaitiro, kuchengetedza kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwekuchenesa uye kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwemafuta anozora akakodzera.
Muchidimbu, nekubatanidza tekinoroji yekuyera huwandu hwemafuta mumatanho ese akakosha ekuchenesa mafuta machena, nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mafuta dzinogona kuwana kuenderana kwakanaka kwechigadzirwa, kudzora kupenya kwemafuta, uye kuongororwa kwekubvisa tsvina kwakavimbika. Pasinei nematambudziko akadai sekusiyana kwakaoma kwezvikafu uye kusagadzikana kwezvakatipoteredza, chizvarwa chitsva chemasensa emukati—anoratidzwa nemidziyo yeLonnmeter—chinopa kururama uye kuvimbika kunodiwa pakutarisa maitiro epamusoro uye otomatiki maitiro ekuchenesa mafuta.
Matanho Akakosha Mukubvisa Wakisi muHydroisomerization uye Kukanganisa Kwayo
Maitiro ekubvisa mafuta kubva mumafuta emumvura (hydroisomerization dewaxing) inzira yepamusoro yekuchenesa mafuta machena inoshandura maparafini akajairwa—mahydrocarbon marefu, akatwasuka—kuita maisomers avo ane matavi. Kuchinja uku kwakakosha pakuderedza pour point ne cloud point, zvichiita kuti mafuta emumvura akwanise kushanda patembiricha yakaderera. Mukutaura, maparafini akajairwa anooma patembiricha yakakwira, zvichigadzira makristaro ewakisi anokanganisa kufamba kwemafuta. Nekushandisa hydroisomerization, mamorekuru aya anogadziriswazve kuita maisoparaffin, ayo anoramba ari mvura patembiricha apo maparafini akajairwa anokonzera kuumbwa kwewakisi. Kugadzirisa uku kwemamorekuru kwakakosha pakugadzira mafuta emumvura eGroup II neIII, anodiwa pakugadzira mafuta emhando yepamusoro uye anoshanda mukushandiswa kwemotokari nemaindasitiri.
Kubvisa mafuta kubva mumafuta uchishandisa Hydroisomerization kunonyanya kushandisa ma catalyst anoshanda zvakanaka. Ma catalyst aya anosanganisira nzvimbo dzesimbi, dzakadai se nickel kana platinum, kuti zvibatsire hydrogenation uye dehydrogenation, uye nzvimbo dze acid - kazhinji pa zeolite supports - kuti isomerization uye selective hydrocracking ishande zvakanaka. Kugadzira Catalyst ndiko kunonyanya kukosha pakugadzirisa mashandiro emafuta: semuenzaniso, ma zeolite-based supports akadai seZSM-22 kana MTT anogona kusarudzwa nekuda kwenzira dzavo dzekusarudza chimiro, dzinotungamira kushandurwa kwe n-paraffins nemazvo zvinoshamisa. Topology yema supports aya inokanganisa kusarudza nekudzora kuti ndeapi mamorekuru anodiwa - maburi madiki anokurudzira branched isomer formation, nepo maburi akafara anogona kuwedzera hydrocracking uye kugadzira zvikamu zvechigadzirwa zvakareruka. Kuenzana kwebasa resimbi-ku-acid, pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kwema pore akagadzirirwa, kwakakosha kuchengetedza kushanda kwepamusoro kwekuchenesa uku uchikwidziridza goho remafuta ekuzora akakodzera ane low-pour-point, akakodzera.
Chinhu chinoratidza hydroisomerization dewaxing imhedzisiro yayo yakananga pakuenderana kwechigadzirwa mumafuta ekuzora. Viscosity index—chiyero chakakosha chekushanda kwemafuta—inovandudzika sezvo mamorekuru emapazi achiwedzera nekuti maisomers ane mapazi anoramba kukora patembiricha yakaderera uye kutetepa patembiricha yakakwirira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mafuta apera anoratidza fungidziro.kudzora kusvibaKuvimbika uku kwakakosha pakuchengetedza injini uye hupenyu hwemuchina, zvichiratidza kuchinja kubva pakubvisa solvent yekare kuenda ku hydroisomerization mumakambani mazhinji emazuva ano ekuchenesa.
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hunoenderera mberiTekinoroji inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemaitiro uye kufanana kweproperty kuburikidza nekutarisa maitiro panguva chaiyo. Midziyo yakaita se capacitive kana radiometric density metres, kusanganisira iyo inogadzirwa neLonnmeter, inopa zviyero zvinodzoserwa tembiricha zvakananga kubva kumitsara yemaitiro. Midziyo iyi inoona kushanduka kweminiti muhuwandu hwechigadzirwa—chiratidzo chikuru chekushanduka kwemamorekuru kunoitika mukati me reactor uye, nekuwedzera, kugadzikana kwepombi dzemvura uye dzegore pamwe ne viscosity index. Semuenzaniso, vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa tembiricha, hydrogen pressure, kana feedstock flow mukupindura kuhuwandu uhwu, nekugadzirisa nekukasira kuchinja kwemhando yecrude, catalyst activity degradation, kana kuiswa kwetsvina yemafuta netsaona. Iyi continuous feedback loop inoita kuti ma process parameters arambe ari mukati memahwindo akakodzera, nokudaro ichichengetedza zvese zvigadzirwa uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Mukuita, kukanganisa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu—senge tembiricha yereactor, catalyst formulation, uye hydrogen-to-oil ratio—kunogona kuratidzwa uchishandisa machati ekutonga maitiro anobatanidza kuverenga kwehuwandu hwemafuta kuti uwane pound point uye viscosity outcomes (ona Mufananidzo 1). Maitiro akagadzikana acharatidza maitiro ehuwandu hwemafuta mukati memiganhu yakatarwa yekudzora, nepo spikes kana drifts zvichienderana nekufamba kwemhando yechigadzirwa, kazhinji kunoteverwa nekuchinja kwe feedstock kana kuchinja mukushanda kwe catalyst. Data real-time rinopihwa nekuyera inline density rinobvumira kupindira nekukurumidza, kuchengetedza kubuda mukati memitemo yekugadzira mafuta yakakodzera uye kuderedza huwandu hwemafuta asina kutsanangurwa—chinhu chakakosha pakudzora mitengo uye kutevedzera mitemo.
Nekubatanidza makemikari ekusarudza ekugadzirisa nemidziyo yepamusoro yekutarisa maitiro ekuchenesa mafuta, masisitimu ekuchenesa mafuta machena aripo iye zvino anowana mwero wepamusoro wekuenderana, kushanda zvakanaka, uye mhando yechigadzirwa. Kufambira mberi uku kunotsigira kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekutanga nemafuta ane hunhu hwakanyatsodzorwa hwekuyerera kwemvura inotonhora, tsvina shoma, uye zviratidzo zve viscosity zvakagadziriswa - chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora akakodzera uye kuvimbika kwekushandisa kwekupedzisira.
Kubatanidza Kubvisa Matumbu neKubvisa Wakisi Kuti Kuwedzere Kuvandudza Kushanda Kwawo
Kubvisa Gum uye Kubvisa Kusachena
Kubvisa gumming kwakakosha kune chenakunatswa kwemafutanzira dzekurapa. Inonangana nekubvisa maphospholipid nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena zvinosvibisa mvura izvo, kana zvikasadzorwa, zvinokanganisa kugadzikana kwemafuta uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro emushonga. Kubvisa gumming ne wet kunoshandisa mvura kana acids kunyorovesa nekuparadzanisa maphospholipid, nepo kusunungura gumming kwakaoma kana kuti enzyme kunoshandisa ma enzyme cocktails akagadzirwa kuti abvise maphospholipid nenzira yakasarudzwa, zvichiita kuti kubviswa kushande zvakanaka ne99% nenguva yakareba yekuita. Nzira idzi dzepamusoro dzekubvisa gumming hadzingoderedzi phosphorus chete kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa nemutemo asiwo dzinowedzera goho remafuta nekuchengetedza zvinhu zvinobatsira zvechisikigo uye kuderedza kurasikirwa nemafuta asina kusimba.
Maitiro anoshanda ekubvisa gum mukuchenesa mafuta anoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka, sezvo kusiyana kwehuwandu hwemafuta asina kucheneswa kana ma parameter ekuita kunogona kuchinja huwandu hwemafuta asina kuchena uye kukanganisa matanho anotevera ekuchenesa. Tekinoroji yekuyera huwandu hwemafuta anocheneswa, senge inline density metres kubva kuLonnmeter, inopa ruzivo rwenguva chaiyo nezvekuchinja kwemaitiro. Nekutora mhinduro nekukurumidza pamusoro pehuwandu hwemafuta anocheneswa, vashandisi vanogona kukurumidza kuongorora kupatsanurwa kwechikamu uye kurodha kwetsvina. Iyi nzira inotungamirwa nedata inobvumira kugadziriswa kwehuwandu hwemvura, acid, kana enzyme, ichichengetedza mamiriro akakodzera ekubvisa tsvina. Mhedzisiro yacho igadziriro yekucheneswa kwakasimba, kusiyana kwemaitiro kwakaderera, uye kuendeswa kwemafuta nguva dzose mukati memiganhu yakasimba yekusachena.
Maitiro Emazuva Ano Ekubvisa Wakisi uye Kugadzirisa Kwawo
Panzira dzekugadzira mafuta anodyiwa uye anozorwa, kunyungudutsa mafuta mumafuta kwakakosha mukuderedza poindi dzemafuta uye kuona hunhu hwemafuta hunodiwa pakupisa kwakaderera. Maitiro ekubvisa mafuta mumafuta mumafuta, zvichibva pakuchinja kwemaparafini akatwasuka kuita maisomers ane branched, anotsiva nzira dzekare dzakavakirwa pazvinwiwa mukushanda zvakanaka uye kusarudza. Kubvisa wakisi mumafuta anozorwa mumafuta ...
Kugadziriswa kwemaitiro aya kunoenderana nezvishandiso zvekutarisa panguva chaiyo. Inline density uye viscosity metres, senge izvo zvinobva kuLonnmeter, zvinopa mhinduro yekukurumidza panguva yekuchenesa mafuta. Midziyo yekutarisa inoenderera mberi yekuchenesa mafuta inobvumira kudzora kushandiswa kwe solvent, kutonhora kwe gradients, uye matanho ekusefa. Mhinduro iyi yekukurumidza inobvumira kugadziriswa kwesimba, kuderedza huwandu hwe wax pasina kupwanyika zvakanyanya kana kurasikirwa nemafuta. Semuenzaniso, sezvo wax crystallization ichifambira mberi, kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwe slurry density kunokonzera kugadziriswa kwekuyerera kwe solvent kana mwero wekusefa, zvichiita kuti wax ibviswe zvakanaka uye idzivirire zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa. Mukugadzira mafuta ekuzora, kudzora maitiro kwakasimba kunotsigira viscosity inoenderana, yakakosha kuti chigadzirwa chigadzikane uye kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora kwakakodzera.
Nzira dzakabatana—kubatanidza nzira dzepamusoro dzekubvisa gumming nedzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa dewaxing—ikozvino dzakakosha pakuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzora mafuta ekuzora nenzira yakavimbika. Kubatana kwekubvisa tsvina nemazvo uye dewaxing yakagadziriswa hakungogadzirisi chete kuvandudzwa kwemafuta asi kunochengetedzawo kurasikirwa kushoma kwechigadzirwa uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa kunogona kudzokororwa. Pamwe chete nezvishandiso zvekutarisa maitiro panguva chaiyo, nzira idzi dzekuchenesa mafuta machena dzinoita kuti zvinodiwa nemisika yemafuta ekudya neyemaindasitiri zvizadzikiswe zvakavimbika.
Midziyo Yemazuva Ano Yekutarisa Maitiro Mukugadzira Mafuta Ekuzora
Kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora kwemazuva ano kunoda kuti pave nekudzora kwakasimba padanho rega rega, kunyanya sezvo zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa zvichisimbiswa uye zvinangwa zvekushanda zvakanaka zvichikwira. Zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekutarisa mashandiro zvino zvinosanganisira mita dze inline density, inline viscometers, uye ma sensor ekupisa akanyatsojeka—anowanzo batanidzwa zvakananga muma process streams kuti data riwanikwe zvakanaka uye panguva chaiyo. Zvishandiso izvi zvinoumba musimboti wekushanda kwakasimba kwemaitiro, zvichigonesa kugadzirisa kwakarurama uye kusimbisa mhando yechigadzirwa nekukurumidza kana kutsauka kwaitika.
Mita dze inline density, dzakadai sedzinogadzirwa neLonnmeter, dzinowanzoiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha dzekushanda. Mukugadzira crude distillation, data real-time density rinogadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kwekupatsanurana, zvichibvumira vashandisi kuwedzera goho uye kuderedza kugadzirwa zvakanyanya kana kusakwana. Munguva yekubvisa uye kusanganisa solvent, kuyerwa kwe density kunochengetedza mamakisi akafanana ezvigadzirwa uye kunotsigira kukurumidza kuonekwa kwezvinhu zvisiri spec. Viscometer dze inline dzinowedzera rimwe danho rekutonga, dzichiyera zvakananga viscosity—chinhu chakakosha chinotsanangura maitiro ekupedzisira ekushandiswa uye kugara kwenguva refu kwemafuta. Ma sensor etembiricha, kana akabatanidzwa nemidziyo iyi, anobvumira muripo wekuchinja kwechimiro chemuviri kunokonzerwa netembiricha, zvichiita kuti kuverenga kune revo uye kwakavimbika pasi pemamiriro ese ekushanda.
Kubatanidzwa kwezvishandiso izvi zvikuru kunoita kuti pave nehurongwa hwekupindura hwakavharwa. Semuenzaniso, sezvo rwizi rwemafuta rwuchigadziriswa kuburikidza nehydroisomerization dewaxing, inline density uye viscosity readings zvinoratidza catalyst activity uye zvinoratidza kufambira mberi kweshanduko dzechimiro dzinodiwa. Kudzikira kamwe kamwe mu density kana kuchinja mu viscosity kunoratidza zvakananga phase transition kana shanduko mu hydrocarbon composition, zvichida yakabatana neshanduko mu catalyst performance kana kusvibiswa breakthrough. Vashandi vanogona kupindura nekugadziriswa kwemaitiro nekukasika—kugadzirisa mwero wekudya, tembiricha, kana kutogadzirazve kana kutsiva dewaxing catalysts—zvichienderana chete nezviratidzo izvi zve sensor.
Tekinoroji yekuyera huwandu hwezvinhu inoenderera mberi yakaratidza kuva nemhedzisiro inobatsira zvikuru pakuvandudza mashandiro ekugadzira uye kuchengetedza kugara zvakanaka kwechigadzirwa. Kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo kunobvumira mhinduro nekukurumidza panguva yekubvisa gum, kubvisa tsvina, uye kusanganisa. Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwezvinhu kunogona kuratidza kuvapo kwegum rakasara kana mvura, zvichikonzera kupatsanurwa kwemukati kana kugadziriswa kwemaitiro usati wakanganisa huwandu hwakawanda hwemabatch. Nekubvisa kuvimba nekurapwa kwekurapwa nguva nenguva, kwakavakirwa murabhoritari, masisitimu aya e sensor anoderedza zvakanyanya nguva yekushanda kwemaitiro, kuderedza kukanganiswa kwekushanda, uye kuderedza njodzi dzezvikanganiso zvevanhu dzinoonekwa nenzira dzemaoko.
Chinhu chakakosha chemasisitimu aya kugona kwawo kutsungirira kuoma kwemamiriro emuchina wekuchenesa. Mamita ekudzikisa huwandu hwemagetsi anowanzo shandisa misimboti yakasimba ye sensor - senge matekiniki ekuzunguza chubhu kana gamma absorption - ayo anotsungirira kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha inochinja-chinja, uye makemikari anoparadza anowanikwa panguva yekuchenesa mafuta. Anoshanda pasina kugadziriswa kwenguva yakareba, mukana wakakosha munzvimbo dzekugadzira dzakapoteredza nguva. Data kubva muzvishandiso izvi rinobatanidzwa zvakananga nemasisitimu ekudzora zvirimwa, richitsigira automated process control uye centralized monitoring. Kugona uku kunoderedza kudiwa kwekupindira nemaoko uye kunotsigira kutarisa kuri kure, kwakakosha pakushanda kukuru nezvinhu zvakagoverwa.
Kana zvabatanidzwa, kuiswa kwemamita ekudzikisa mafuta ari mumutsara, maviscometer, uye masensa ekupisa zvinoumba hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora akavimbika uye akakodzera. Kubatanidzwa kwavo, data renguva chaiyo rinobuda rinotungamira kugadziriswa kwemaitiro nguva dzose, kutarisisa otomatiki giredhi rezvigadzirwa, uye kuona nekukurumidza tsvina kana kushanduka kwemaitiro. Pakupedzisira, matekinoroji aya anotsigira kugara kwechigadzirwa kwakanatswa, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekunatswa, uye kusimudzira kudzora mhando mumatanho ese ekugadzira mafuta ekuzora.
Maitiro Ekugadzirisa Maitiro: Kubva Pakutarisa Munguva Yechokwadi kusvika Kuzvigadzirwa Zvine Chitupa
Kudzora kwe "closed-loop", kunogoneswa nekuyera nguva dzose, ndiko kunokosha pakugadzirisa mashandiro e "white oil refine" uye "hydroisomerization dewaxing". Mamita e "inline density" kubva kuLonnmeter anoiswa zvakananga mumapaipi kana ma "reactors", zvichipa ruzivo rwechokwadi panguva chaiyo pamusoro pe "fluid density". Mhinduro iyi yakakosha pakugadzirisa dynamic rates ye "feed", "catalyst dosing", uye tembiricha mukati memayuniti akadai se "hydroisomerization reactors" kana "solvent dewaxing columns". Vashandisi nema "otomatiki systems" vanogona kuchengetedza catalyst activity, kudzivirira "side reactions" dzisingadiwe, uye kuona kuti "flow" inoenderera mberi mukati mekuita, vachichengetedza goho rakagadzikana ne "decrease manual intervention". Kugona kugadzirisa izvi "operating variables" kunowedzera kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa uye kuenderana kwechigadzirwa, izvo zvakakosha sezvo mitemo yepamutemo ichioma uye zvinodiwa nemusika zvichichinja.
Kuyera nguva dzose uchishandisa inline density uye viscosity metres kunoita kuti hunhu hwechigadzirwa hurambe huri mukati mezvinodiwa. Pane hukama hwakananga uye hwakanaka pakati pe density uye kinematic viscosity mumafuta ekuzora kana tembiricha dzekugadzirisa dzichigara dziripo. Kutarisa ma parameter aya munguva chaiyo kunoita kuti vagadziri vagone kuwana ma grade e viscosity anodiwa nguva dzose, kugadzirisa mashandiro e cold flow, uye kuchengetedza kujeka - zvakakosha kumafuta machena anoshandiswa mu cosmetic, pharmaceutical, uye food applications. Semuenzaniso, kana density data ikakwira kupfuura yakatarwa thresholds, viscosity inowanzo kukwirawo, zvichiratidza system kuti igadzirise tembiricha kana catalyst conditions kuti idzorere kutevedzera chigadzirwa. Kudzora kwepfuma kwakadaro kunodzivirira kubva pakusatevedzera uye kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa, ukuwo vachipindura nekukurumidza kune shanduko mu feedstock quality kana operational instruments.
Kubatana uye kudzora otomatiki zvichibva pakuyera huwandu hwezvinhu uye kupenya kweganda zvinovimbisawo kubviswa kwakasimba kwetsvina, kunyanya kunanga zvinhu zvakaita sewakisi nemagum. Maitiro ekubvisa gum, akakosha pakubvisa phospholipids, uye maitiro ekubvisa gum, ayo anotarisa mahydrocarbon ane nzvimbo yekunyunguduka kwepamusoro, ese ari maviri anobatsirwa zvakanyanya nekutarisa nguva dzose. Kubviswa kwetsvina uku zvinobudirira kunodzivirira kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzikana kana kuti zvine madzerere uye kunochengetedza mashandiro e catalyst ari pasi. Semuenzaniso, kutevera huwandu hwezvinhu zvisina madzerere pamatanho ekuchenesa kunobvumira kuzivikanwa kwekuparadzaniswa kusina kukwana kana kusvibiswa kwemaitiro, zvichikonzera kugadziriswa patsva kunoderedza nguva yekushanda uye kunotsigira throughput yakanaka.
Zvakakosha kuti kubviswa kwewakisi nemagum kwakabatana zvakanyanya nekushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina. Kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu izvi kunogona kutungamira mukucheneswa kwemidziyo nguva nenguva uye kunyange kudzimwa kwecatalyst, zvese izvi zvinowedzera mari yekushanda uye nguva yekushanda. Nekubatanidza michina yeLonnmeter yekutarisa maitiro panguva chaiyo mumayuniti ekubvisa gum nekubvisa dewaxing, nzvimbo dzekuchenesa dzinogona kuona tsvina isati yasvika pahuwandu hune matambudziko, zvichitsigira zvakananga kugadzirwa kwemafuta anozora akakodzera uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwemidziyo inokosha. Saka kuyerwa kwe inline density kunova musimboti wekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka, kudzora kwekupedzisira kwemhando yezvigadzirwa, uye kuwana kuendeswa kwemafuta nguva dzose kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvepasi rose uye zvinodiwa pamusika kuti chigadzirwa chijeke, viscosity index, uye cold flow properties.
Nekushandisa maturusi ekutarisa panguva chaiyo, kunyanya inline density metres, vagadziri vezvinhu vanowana purofiti yakakura mu automation, reaction, uye output yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, vachizopedzisira vava nechokwadi chekuti batch yega yega inosangana nezvinodiwa uku vachideredza simba, catalyst, uye kutambisa zvinhu.
Kuvimbisa Hunhu Hwakanaka uye Mabhenefiti Ekuenderana Kwechigadzirwa
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwemafuta panguva chaiyo kwave kwakakosha kuti pave nechokwadi chemhando uye kuenderana kwechigadzirwa mumafuta machena nemafuta ekuzora. Mamita ehuwandu hwemafuta, akadai seaya anobva kuLonnmeter, anopa data risingaperi, zvichiita kuti vashandi vakwanise kuongorora nekugadzirisa maitiro nekukurumidza. Hunhu hwakafanana hwehuwandu hwemafuta, hwakayerwa muhuwandu hwemafuta kana muhuwandu hwemafuta anoramba achigadzirwa, hunotsigira zvakananga kuenderana kwehuwandu hwemafuta—chinhu chikuru chinodiwa kuti mafuta ekuzora mafuta emhando yepamusoro uye mafuta machena emhando yemishonga.
Ruzivo urwu rwenguva chaiyo runoumba musimboti wekubuda kwechigadzirwa nguva dzose. Munguva dzehunyanzvi hwakakosha hwekuchenesa mafuta machena—kusanganisira hydroisomerization dewaxing uye nzira yekubvisa tsvina—huwandu hunofanira kudzorwa zvakasimba kuti huenderane nezvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, kana kutsauka muhuwandu kukaonekwa panguva yekubvisa hydrocarbon dewaxing, vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa tembiricha kana huwandu hwe catalyst nekukurumidza, zvichibatsira kudzivirira viscosity isiri-spec kana kuti kunze kwenzvimbo. Izvi zvinotsigira kukurumidza kusimbiswa kwechigadzirwa, zvinoderedza njodzi yekudzoserwa, uye zvinokurumidzisa kutumirwa nekupa humbowo hwenguva chaiyo hwekuti chikamu chega chega chinoenderana nezvinodiwa panguva yekugadzira mafuta ekuzora akakodzera.
Kuyera huwandu hwemafuta nguva dzose kunotsigirawo kudzora hunhu hwemafuta mumichina yepamusoro yekutarisa mashandiro emafuta. Nekuti hunhu hwemafuta nehupfumi zvakabatana zvakanyanya—kunyanya mushure mematanho akakosha akadai sekubvisa mafuta kubva mumafuta kana kubvisa gumming—kutarisa nguva dzose kunobvumira kugadziriswa kwemaitiro zvakanaka. Kuyera kwenguva chaiyo kunoderedza kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisiri zvemhando yepamusoro, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwegoho kubva mukusanganisa kana kushanda patsva, uye kunotsigira kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba uye zvinodiwa nevashandisi vekupedzisira pakudzora hunhu hwemafuta nemafuta machena.
Vanoshandisa data renguva chaiyo kubva kumamita ari mumutsara panguva yekutamiswa kwechigadzirwa nekusanganiswa kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvinounzwa kana kutumirwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa pamusika zve viscosity index, ruvara, uye kuchena. Panzvimbo pekuvimba nekuongorora kwerabhoritari nguva nenguva, kuyerwa kunoramba kuripo neLonnmeter tools kunopa mhinduro nekukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, kana huwandu hwemafuta ekuzora hukakwira kunze kwewindo rekuita rinotarisirwa - pamwe nekuda kwekusaenzana muma catalysts e dewaxing kana shanduko yekudyisa isingatarisirwi - zviito zvekugadzirisa mukati mekuita zvinogoneka, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chagara chakagadzirira musika.
Munzvimbo dzekuchenesa dzinozvigadzira dzoga uye dzemazuva ano, kubatanidzwa kwekutarisa huwandu hwevanhu nekuona kuti zvinhu zviri mumafuta zvaoma sei muhurongwa hwekuvhara madziro kunoita kuti vagadziri vagone kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu nekukurumidza uye kuchengetedza mhando yezvinobuda zvakanaka. Nzira dzakadai hadzingobatsiri chete kuvimbisa mhando, asi dzinovandudzawo kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta, dzinoderedza kupindira nemaoko, uye dzinokurumidzisa kuburitswa kwemafuta apera pamusika, zvichibatsira kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi nemutemo zvekuchena uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Kuchinja kuenda pakuyera nguva dzose, kwakakosha mukuchengetedza kugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kutsanangurwa, kutsigira kubviswa kwetsvina mukuchenesa mafuta, uye kupa kuenderana kwezvigadzirwa mumafuta ekuzora nemafuta machena anodiwa nemishonga, zvizoro, uye maindasitiri.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Chii chinonzi hydroisomerization dewaxing uye nei ichikosha mukugadzira mafuta ekuzora?
Kubvisa mafuta kubva mumafuta eHydroisomerization inzira inochinja maparafini marefu, akatwasuka (akajairika) ari muzvikamu zvemafuta ane waxy. Kuburikidza nekushandura mafuta, maparafini aya anoshandurwa kuita maisoparaffin ane branched. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya pour uye cloud points yemafuta ebase, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kukodzera kwawo kugadzira mafuta ekuzora—kunyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvinofanira kushanda zvakavimbika patembiricha yakaderera. Kubvisa waxing kwakakosha nekuti kunogonesa kugadzirwa kwemafuta ekuzora anodzivirira kuomarara munzvimbo dzinotonhora, zvichitsigira kushanda kwepamusoro uye kugadzikana uku zvichiwedzera goho uye kuchengetedza zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa.
Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hunoramba huchishandiswa kunovandudza sei kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchenesa mukugadzirwa kwemafuta machena?
Tekinoroji yekuyera huwandu hwemvura inoenderera mberi inoita basa rekutarisa huwandu hwemvura panguva chaiyo mukati memitsetse yemaitiro. Nekupa mhinduro nekukurumidza, vanoisa basa vanogona kugadzirisa mamiriro ekushanda nekukurumidza kuti vadzore maitiro zvakanaka. Izvi zvinotungamira pakuenderana kuri nani mumhando yechigadzirwa, kushandiswa zvakanaka kwezviwanikwa, uye mhinduro nekukurumidza kana paine kutsauka—senge kuchinja kuumbwa kwezvikafu kana kusvibiswa netsaona. Kubviswa kwesampuro nemaoko kunowedzera throughput uye kunoderedza nguva yekushanda, zvichivandudza kushanda kwese mukuchenesa mafuta machena. Masisitimu ane inline density metres, senge ayo akagadzirwa neLonnmeter, anoita basa rakakosha mukuwana izvi nekuona kuti ma profiles ehuwandu akanyatsojeka, otomatiki mumatanho ese ekuchenesa. Kutevera huwandu hwehuwandu munguva chaiyo kunobatsira mukubatanidza, kuparadzanisa, uye kutamisa mashandiro echigadzirwa, kuderedza zviitiko zvisiri zvekuongorora uye kuvandudza kugadzikana kwegoho.
Sei kudzora viscosity kuchikosha pakugadzira mafuta ekuzora emhando yepamusoro?
Kupenya kunotsanangura maitiro ekuyerera uye simba rekudzivirira remafuta ekuzora. Kuchengetedza kupenya kwakananga uye kwakanangana kunoita kuti mafuta ape mafuta anodiwa pasi pekupisa kwakasiyana-siyana uye kushushikana kwemuchina. Kana kupenya kwakaderera, kupenya kunogona kutadza kushanda, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwemidziyo; kana ikakwira zvakanyanya, kurasikirwa nesimba kunoitika uye kuyerera kwayo kunopera. Kutarisa kupenya nguva dzose kunogonesa kugadziriswa kwemaitiro nekukurumidza, zvichibatsira vagadziri kutevedzera mitemo yakaoma uye kupa mafuta anoshanda zvakanaka. Mita yekupenya iri mumutsara inopihwa neLonnmeter inobvumira kuteverwa nekugadzirisa panguva chaiyo, ichitsigira kudzora mhando uye kutevedzera magiredhi ekushanda kweindasitiri.
Kubvisa gumming kunoita basa rei mumhando yemafuta machena akacheneswa?
Kubvisa gumming inhanho yekutanga yekuchenesa mafuta machena, ichinangana nema phospholipids nema ions esimbi anogona kukanganisa kuchena kwemafuta, kugadzikana, uye hupenyu hurefu. Kana zvikasagadziriswa, tsvina iyi inokonzeresa kuora uye kukanganisa kugadzikana kwemafuta, zvichikanganisa kugadzirwa kwemafuta ari pasi uye kushanda kwekupedzisira. Matekiniki akadai semvura, acid, kana enzyme degumming anobvisa tsvina iyi, zvichikonzera zvigadzirwa zvisina ruvara uye zvakagadzikana. Kuongorora kwakarurama, kwenguva chaiyo—kwakaitwa nezvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvekutarisa maitiro—kunosimbisa kushanda kwekubvisa gumming uye kunoita kuti tsvina isarambe iripo muzvikamu zvekuchenesa zvinotevera.
Midziyo yekutarisa mashandiro inobatsira sei mukubvisa tsvina mukuchenesa mafuta?
Midziyo yemazuva ano yekutarisa maitiro—kusanganisira mita dze inline density uye mita dze turbidity—inobvumira kuyerwa nekukurumidza, kusingapindi tsvina senge waxes ne gums sezvazvinoshanduka mukati memaitiro ekuchenesa mafuta. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa mhinduro nekukurumidza kukosha kwekuchengetedza mamiriro ekushanda akanakisa uye kubvisa tsvina nekukurumidza zvisati zvakanganisa mhando yekupedzisira yechigadzirwa. Nekubatanidza michina yakadaro, vanogadzirisa vanogona kubvisa tsvina zvinobudirira pasina kukanganisa kugadzirwa, zvichikonzera mwero wepamusoro nguva dzose uye kubuda kwakagadzikana. Mhinduro dzeLonnmeter dzekuyera mukati dzakakosha pakutevera tsvina panguva chaiyo uye dzinowedzera kukosha kwakakosha pakugadzirisa mashandiro uye kuvimbiswa kwekupedzisira kwechigadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2025
