Kudzora kwakanyatsojeka maitiro ekugadzira acid pakupisa strip kwakakosha kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chacho chine mhando yepamusoro uye kuti chinoshanda zvakanaka mukugadzira simbi. Njodzi mbiri huru—kunyanya kuomesa uye kusaomesa—dzinofanira kutarisirwa zvakanaka kudzivirira kukuvara kwesubstrate uye kuchengetedza mamiriro epamusoro akanaka.
Pfupiso yeMaitiro eAcid Pickling
Maitiro ekugadzira acid yekupisa yakamonerwa idanho rakakosha mukugadzira simbi, rakagadzirirwa kubvisa ma oxide scales anoumbwa panguva yekuputira inopisa. Maitiro ekugadzira simbi yeHydrochloric acid anonyungudutsa ma oxides akadai seFe2O3, Fe3O4, uye FeO2, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo dzesimbi dzakachena dzikwanise kushandiswa pakugadzirisa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se galvanizing, coating, kana bonding. Kubviswa kwema scales aya kwakakosha, sezvo kusabatanidzwa kwema scales akafanana kunogona kukonzera kusabatana zvakanaka kana zvikanganiso zviri mu steel product.
Mazvokudzora kuwanda kweasidhiMumabhati ekugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa neacid anokanganisa zvakananga kunaka kwenzvimbo, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu, uye kushanda zvakanaka. Kana huwandu hweasidhi hwakanyanya, mhedzisiro yacho inogona kunge iri kuomesesa zvinhu, izvo zvinoparadza substrate yesimbi, zvinowedzera kurasikirwa nesimbi, uye zvinokanganisa hunhu hwemakanika senge simba rekudhonza uye kugona kupetwa. Kusiyana neizvi, kuomesesa zvinhu zvishoma nekuda kwesimba shoma reasidhi kana kusakwana kwekupa acid kunosiya masara eoxide, zvichikonzera kutadza kunamira kwepasi uye kukanganisa kwerunako. Mhedzisiro yese miviri inokanganisa dziviriro yestrip substrate uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa chapera. Izvi zvinoita kuti kudzora kuomesesa zvinhu mukugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa neacid kuve kwakakosha kuti maitiro aenderane, kuderedza tsvina, uye kuwana miganhu yemaitiro akasimba.
Kugadziriswa kweSimbi yePickle Line
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Kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwekuyera huwandu hweasidhi kwakachinja kutonga kwemuchina wekubika muchina mumakore achangopfuura. Zvishandiso zvinozvigadzira zvega zvakaita seLonnmeter otomatikimita yekuyera acid, mashandisirwo eforogo yekutarisa huwandu hweasidhi mukugadzira acid, uye coriolis flow meter yekuyera huwandu ikozvino inopa kutarisa kwehuwandu hweasidhi panguva chaiyo yekudzora kuunganidzwa kweasidhi. Matekinoroji aya anogonesa kudzora maitiro ekuvhara mukugadzira acid nekuramba uchiona huwandu chaihwo hweHCl uye kutumira data kune otomatiki acid make-up systems yemitsetse yekurongedza. Izvi zvinoguma nekugadzika kweacid dosing, kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kweasidhi, uye kuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemarara. Semuenzaniso, kudzora kuunganidzwa kwehuwandu hweflow meter mukuita kurongedza hakungodziviriri kuunganidzwa zvakanyanya kana kuderedzwa kwehuwandu asiwo kunovandudza kushanda kwekutora kuburikidza nekudzora kuunganidzwa uye kunotsigira nzira dzekuderedza kushandiswa kweasidhi mukugadzira simbi.
Mhinduro dze otomatikizvinopfuura kungoonekwa zviri nyore. Kugadzikana kwemaitiro akabatanidzwa kunoshandisa data renguva chaiyo kubva kumamita epamusoro ekuona zvinhu online kuti igadzirise otomatiki dosing, agitation, uye kuzadzazve kwebhavhu. Izvi zvinochengetedza simba reasidhi mukati mezvinangwa zvakatsanangurwa, zvichivimbisa kunaka kwepamusoro nguva dzose uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekugezera. Masisitimu otomatiki, akadai seaya anoshandisa mamita eLonnmeter, ave akakosha pakuvandudza huwandu hweasidhi mukuita kwepickling, zvichigonesa vagadziri kuenzanisa mhando yekugadzira nekuchengetedza mari yekushanda uye kuchengetedza nharaunda.
Nheyo dzeHydrochloric Acid Pickling muHot Rolled Strip Treatment
Maitiro eMakemikoro uye Kufunga Nezve Substrate
Maitiro ekugadzira acid yekupisa rolled strip anoenderana nekubvisa zvine simba ma oxide scales—kunyanya iron oxides (FeO2, Fe3O4, Fe2O3)—ayo anoumbwa panguva yekupisa. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) inosangana nema oxides aya, ichigadzira soluble iron chloride nemvura. Semuenzaniso:
- Fe2O3 + 6 HCl → 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
- Fe3O4 + 8 HCl → FeCl2 + 2 FeCl3 + 4 H2O
Kufamba kwesimba uye kukwana kwekunyungudika kwechiyero kunoenderana nekuumbwa kwechiyero uye ukobvu. Zvikamu zviri nyore zvesimbi zvinonyungudika nekukurumidza. Zvisinei, zvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara—akadai seane fayalite (Fe2SiO4) kubva kusimbi dzakapfuma dzeSi—zvinooma uye zvinononoka kubviswa. Zvikamu zvakadaro zvinoda tembiricha yakakwira, makemikari ekugezesa akasimba, kana zvimwe zvemakemikari kuti zvigadzirwe zvinogutsa.
Maion echloride, ese ari maviri anobva kuHCl uye NaCl akawedzerwa nemaune, anowedzera mwero wekunyungudika. Kuvapo kwawo kunowedzera kunyungudika kwemakero kuburikidza nekuomarara uye kunyungudika panzvimbo ye oxide, ukuwo kuchideredza kurwiswa kwakananga kwe substrate yesimbi. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera 10% HCl solutions ne10% NaCl kwakaratidzwa kuti kukurumidzisa kunyungudika uye kuderedza ngura isingadiwe yesimbi yakafumurwa. Pakubata nemhando dze oxide dzakaoma, dzakadai se fayalite, zvinowedzera zvakaita se FeCl3 zvinowedzera mwero wekubvisa uye kuvandudza nguva yekunyungudika nekuderedza kutambisa substrate. Zvisinei, chero kuiswa kwekuwedzera kunoda kunyatsofungisisa nezvekutarisira kwese kwekugeza uye mhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza.
Nekuti ukobvu hwe oxide uye chimiro chayo zvinogona kusafanana pahupamhi hwe coil, mhinduro yemakemikari inosiyana nzvimbo nenzvimbo. Kuchinja uku kunoda kudzora kwakasimba, kuchitungamirirwa nemaitiro ekuyera acid concentration, kuitira kuti chiyero chibviswe zvachose pasina kukuvadza simbi iri pasi.
MaParamende Akakosha Ekuita muAcid Pickling
Zviyero zvikuru zvemaitiro—tembiricha yebhavhu, kuwanda kweasidhi, kuumbwa kwebhavhu, uye giredhi resimbi—zvinodzora pamwe chete kushanda uye kuchengetedzeka kwe hydrochloric acid pickling mukugadzira simbi. Zvinodiwa nguva dzose kuti pave nemhedzisiro yepamusoro:
- Kupisa kwebhati kunowanzo chengetwa pa80–90°C. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunowedzera mwero wekunyungudika, zvichiita kuti nguva yekunhonga isanyanya kuderera uye kubviswa kwechiyero kwakanyatsonaka. Zvisinei, njodzi yekuora kwesimbi yakakwira zvakanyanya inowedzera zvakanyanya.
- Kuwanda kweasidhi kunochengetwa mukati me3–11% (w/v) HCl. Rudzi urwu runovimbisa kubviswa kwakasimba kwemazinga uku uchideredza kushandiswa kweasidhi zvisina kufanira uye kurwiswa kwestrip substrate. Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hweasidhi munguva chaiyo, kazhinji ne otomatiki mamita ekuwedzera kana maturusi akaita seLonnmeter automatic acid concentration meter, kunodzikamisa huwandu mukati memiganhu yakakodzera.
- Musanganiswa webhati wakagadzirwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwesimbi uye rudzi rwechikero. Kune simbi dzine Si-rich, mamwe ma inhibitors kana anogadzirisa anodiwa. Ma inhibitors e corrosion akadai se hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) anoderedza kurasikirwa kwe substrate uye anodzivirira ma grade anonzwa, kunyangwe kana paine aggressive acid.
- Dziviriro ye strip substrate inowedzerwa nekuyera kushanda kwe chloride ion uye simba re acid. Mabhati ane simba rakawanda anogona kukanganisa kutambisa simbi ("over-pickling"), nepo mabhati asina simba anogona kukonzera "kupickling pasi" uye kubviswa kwe oxide isina kukwana, zvichida kugadziriswa kunodhura.
Kuti pave nekugadzikana kwema process parameter, ma closed-loop process control systems anowanzo shandiswa, achibatanidza zvinopihwa kubva ku flow meter concentration devices kana forogo concentration meter applications. Ma system akadaro anochengetedza bath chemistry iri mu tight line speed uye steel surface area, achitsigira zvakananga ma strategies ekuderedza acid consumption uye achideredza operating devices.
Kupera kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwe substrate kunoenderana nekubatana kwezvimiro izvi. Kupisa kwakanyanya kana kuwanda kweasidhi kunogona kukonzera simbi kupwanyika kana kuiisa mugomba, kunyanya pamipendero ye coil kana munzvimbo dzine oxide scale yakatetepa. Kusiyana neizvi, mamiriro ekunze asina simba anogadzira nzvimbo dzine makwapa, dzisingagamuchirwi dzisina kukodzera kupetwa kana kugadzirwa kwesimbi pasi pemvura.
Muchidimbu, maitiro ekugadzira simbi yehydrochloric acid anodzorwa nekubatana kwemakemikari, hunhu hwe substrate, uye kudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwezviyero zvekushanda. Kuyerwa kuri kuitwa kwe acid concentration uye kugadzirisa maitiro zvinopa zvese zviri zviviri kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwe pickling uye kudzivirirwa kwakawedzerwa kwe strip substrate, zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa nemitsetse yemazuva ano yekugadzira simbi.
Matambudziko muKudzora Maitiro eAcid Pickling
Matambudziko Ehunhu Hwakakosha uye Kubudirira
Kunyungudutsa zvakanyanya kunoitika kana hydrochloric acid bath ichibvisa kwete ma oxide chete asiwo ichirwisa substrate yesimbi. Izvi zvinotungamira mukunyunguduka kwakanyanya, kutetepa kwe strip, uye zvinogona kukonzera kupwanyika kwe coil panguva yekushanda kwemvura iri pasi. Kunyungudutsa zvakanyanya kunokanganisa zvakananga kusimba kwe strip, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba remakanika uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekuramba. Kazhinji kunobva muhuwandu hwe acid husina kudzorwa zvakanaka, tembiricha yakakwira, kana nguva yakawandisa yekunyudzwa.
Kusiyana neizvi, kuomesa zvinhu zvishoma kunosiya ma oxide scales asina kuzara pamusoro pesimbi. Izvi zvinokanganisa kutonhora, kusveta, kupenda, uye mamwe maitiro ekupedzisa. Hunhu hwepamusoro hunoderera, zvichiwedzera mukana wekukuvadzwa nekukuvara uye ngura. Zvikonzero zvinowanzo sanganisira kusakwana kweasidhi, tembiricha shoma yekugeza, kana kumhanya kwemutsetse kwakaiswa nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kuti zvibviswe zvinobudirira.
Kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvakavimbika uye kuderedza zvikanganiso, simbi dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasimba dzekutarisa zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita se acid concentration, inning time, uye tembiricha. Matekiniki ekuyera acid concentration panguva chaiyo, anosanganisira automatic concentration meters (semuenzaniso, Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration meter), fork concentration metres, uye flow meter concentration systems, zvinobvumira mhinduro pakarepo kudzivirira pickling extremes. Aya masystem anogonesa closed-loop process control uye kugadzikana batch composition, zvichideredza njodzi ye pickling yakawanda uye yakaderera, kunyanya panguva yekuchinja kwechigadzirwa kana kuchembera kwebhati.
Kushandiswa kweasidhi chinhu chikuru chinokonzeresa mari yekushandisa uye nharaunda. Kushandiswa kweasidhi yehydrochloric kunoenderana zvakananga nekubuda kwayo, giredhi resimbi, uye ukobvu hwe oxide yepamusoro. Kushandiswa zvakanyanya kunowedzera mitengo yezvinhu zvakabikwa, kunowedzera huwandu hwemarara ane njodzi, uye kunowedzera mutoro wezvakatipoteredza. Maitiro ekuderedza kushandiswa kweasidhi mukugadzira simbi—senge masisitimu ekugadzira asidhi otomatiki, kutarisa nguva dzose mukugeza, uye kuyedza kwakanakisa—kutsigira kugadzirwa uku uchideredza mari uye uchideredza kukanganiswa kwenharaunda.
Kudzora kutarisisa nguva dzose mukusvuta asidhi, inowanzoitwa kuburikidza nekutarisa huwandu hweasidhi panguva chaiyo, inovandudza kugona kufungidzira uye inodzivirira substrate yestrip mukati menguva yekugadzira. Kuchengetedza chiyero chakakodzera pakati pekubvisa oxide nekuchengetedzwa kwesubstrate hakungobatsiri chete mukugadzira pickling asiwo kunowedzera kushanda kwechigadzirwa uye kugutsikana kwevatengi.
Kufunga Nezvezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzeka
Utsi hwehydrochloric acid hune njodzi huru pahutano munzvimbo yekutsvaira. Kusviba—kunyangwe kana huwandu hwacho hwakaderera—kunogona kukonzera kutsamwa kwenzira yekufema, bronchitis isingaperi, uye kusagadzikana kwenguva refu kwemapapu. Ruzivo rwezvirwere zvinoratidza njodzi yakakura yekenza yemapapu neyemudumbu pakati pevashandi vekutsvaira simbi vane nguva refu yekusviba neHCl. Kuongororwa kwemhepo nguva dzose, kufefetera kwakanyanya, masisitimu emuno, uye kukwesha fume ine acid inodzivirira kwakakosha. Midziyo yekudzivirira munhu senge ma respirators uye mbatya dzisingapindi makemikari inoramba iri chiyero chekudzivirira.
Tekinoroji dzekudzora kubuda kwemhepo dzinosimbisa hurongwa hwekuchengetedza nharaunda. Masisitimu ekugadzirisa acid akavharika anodzokorodza hydrochloric acid yakaputswa, zvichideredza kushandiswa kweasidhi nyowani uye kuburitswa kwetsvina. Nzira dzakajairika dzekugadzirisa dzinosanganisira pyrohydrolysis reactors, diffusion dialysis, uye acid sorption, imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa pakubuda kwemvura uye acid composition. Masisitimu aya anobvumira mwero wekudzoreredza kusvika ku99.5% yeHCl, nokudaro achitsigira kugara kwenguva refu kwemaitiro.
Kugadzikana kwakasimba kwemaitiro kunodiwa kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa nemutemo weEPA weNational Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants. Kudzora acid concentration otomatiki—kuburikidza ne coriolis flow meter uye michina yepamusoro ye automatic concentration—kunobvumira kudzora kwakasimba kwemakemikari ekugezesa, zvichitsigira kudzikiswa kweutsi uye kugona kushanda zvakanaka.
Kuderedza kusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa, kuburikidza nematanho ekugadzirisa acid, zvinovimbisa kwete chete kutevedzera mitemo asiwo kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwevashandi nenzvimbo dzakavapoteredza. Kutarisa nguva chaiyo uye kutonga kwakabatana kunoita basa guru mukuchengetedza mashandiro ekugadzira simbi akachengeteka, anoshanda zvakanaka, uye anogara kwenguva refu.
MutsetseCkutarisisaMatekinoroji ekuyera uye basa rawo mukugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu
Nheyo dzeInline AcidCkutarisisaKuyera
Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hweasidhi panguva chaiyo kwakakosha kuti pave nekunyatsorongeka kwekuita kwe hydrochloric acid pickling process ye hot rolled strip. Kuyerwa kwehuwandu hweasidhi mukati memutsara kunogonesa mhinduro pakarepo pahuwandu hwemvura inogezeswa, zvichibvumira kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kuti pave nemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekugadzira.
Kuwanda kweHydrochloric acid kunotarisa zvakananga mwero uye kushanda kwekubvisa oxide. Kugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzirisa - kunyanya kuwanda kweasidhi - kunodzivirira kusiyana kunogona kukonzera kuwanda kwemafuta, izvo zvinokonzera kukuvara kwe substrate, kana kusakura kwemafuta, izvo zvinosiya chiyero chasara. Nekuyera kuwanda kweasidhi mukati, vashandi vanowana kudzora kwakasimba kwemafuta, vachideredza kushandiswa uye kuraswa, ukuwo vachiwedzera kunaka kwemafuta anobuda. Kuyera uku kunoenderera mberi kwakakosha kune masisitimu ekudzora akavharirwa, uko data remafuta rinotungamira kugadzirwa kweasidhi otomatiki uye kuyerwa kwayo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti makemikari ekugeza anogara aripo uye kuderedza kuvimba nekutora sampuro nemaoko.
Pfupiso yeKiyiCkutarisisaTekinoroji yeMamita
ForogoCkutarisisaMita
Mita dzemafuta eforogo dzinoshandisa nzira yeforogo inodedera. Matayi e sensor anodedera pa frequency inochinja nekuwanda kwemvura. Nzira iyi inopa kuyerwa nekukurumidza uye kwakasimba kwekutarisa acid bath online, kunyanya mumitsetse yesimbi inoenderera mberi. Mita dzemafuta eforogo dzakasimba, dzinoshivirira mamiriro akaoma, uye hadzidi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti dzinyatsokodzera kutarisa hydrochloric acid pickling baths mukugadzira simbi. Kubatana kwavo zvakananga ne automation systems kunoita kuti data rikwanise kudzorwa nekuwanda kwemafuta mu acid pickling.
Lonnmeter otomatiki CkutarisisaMita
Chiyero cheLonnmeter chekuongorora otomatiki chinoshandisa tekinoroji ye ultrasonic, ichipa kutarisa kuzara kweacid bath pasina kudonha uye nguva dzose. Nekuvakwa kubva ku alloys nema polymers asingapindi acid, sisitimu yeLonnmeter inotsungirira mamiriro ekupisa akasimba ehydrochloric acid. Kugona kwayo otomatiki kunosanganisira kuburitsa data rehuwandu panguva chaiyo (kuburikidza ne 4-20mA kana RS485) kune masisitimu ekudzora akagoverwa ekugadzira acid uye dosing. Izvi zvinoderedza kupindira kwevanhu, zvinotsigira manejimendi ekugeza, uye zvinoderedza kusiyana kwemaitiro. Kana zvabatanidzwa mukutonga kwemaitiro akavharika, Lonnmeter inowedzera kushanda kwekubika, inoderedza mwero wekuramba, uye inobatsira nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuderedza kushandiswa kweacid.
Imwe Mita Yekuyerera CkutarisisaMatekinoroji
Dzimwe nzira dzekuyera huwandu hwezvinhu dzinosanganisira zvishandiso zvewaya dzinodedera uye idzo dzinoshandisa masensa esimba renzwi uye ekufambisa simba. Tekinoroji yega yega ine simba rakasiyana rakagadzirirwa mamiriro ekugeza epickling. Semuenzaniso, mita dzewaya dzinodedera dzinopa kutaridzika kwakanyanya asi dzinogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusvibiswa kwebhati. Kusanganiswa kwesimba renzwi/kufambisa simba kunogona kusiyanisa acid kubva mumunyu wakanyungudutswa, zvakakosha pakugadzira kwehydrochloric acid uko zvese zvinoda kutariswa kuti zvidzivirirwe. Kusarudzwa kunoenderana nenzvimbo yekushanda, kurongeka kwekuyera kunodiwa, nyore kwekubatanidzwa, uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa.
Kubatanidzwa kweInline CkutarisisaMamita muHydrochloric Acid Pickling
Pamitsetse yepickling inoenderera mberi, mita dzemusanganiswa wemukati dzinoiswa zvakananga mudunhu re acid recirculation, uchishandisa ma flanges akasimba uye nzvimbo yepakati kuti uderedze kusangana nekumanikidzwa kwemakemikari kana kwemakemikari. Mabasa eBatch anoshandisa kuiswa kweprobe munzvimbo dzakakosha mukati mebhavhu kuti utarise nzvimbo kana cycle.
Kuti zviwedzere kuwanda kweasidhi mukuita kwepickling, masensa aya akabatanidzwa mumasystem ekugadzira acid otomatiki, zvichiita kuti mhinduro iwanikwe panguva chaiyo yekupa dosing chaiyo. Kuwanikwa kwedata kunowanzo shandiswa kuburikidza nemaprotocol ekudzora maindasitiri, nemasaini anotumirwa kumapuratifomu ekutarisa ari pakati nepakati kuti apindure nekukurumidza.
Kugadzira otomatiki kunosvika kuma "feedback control loops" anogadzirisa acid dosing kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvakakora. Kugadzirisa masisitimu aya zvakanaka kunodzivirira kukwira zvakanyanya—kudzivirira kukuvara kwe substrate—uye kukwira zvishoma—kubvisa scale isina kukwana. Mugumisiro wacho unogara uripo, acid inoshandiswa zvishoma, uye process parameter inovandudzwa. Maitiro ekuisa anoda kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemasensa, mawaya akavharwa, uye kucheneswa kwakarongwa kuti kuyera kurambe kwakavimbika. Vashandi vanofanirwa kudzidziswa manejimendi emasensa, kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka, kutarisirwa kwemidziyo, uye kupindura kune kutsauka kwekushanda.
Kudzora Maitiro Ekuvhara-Loop Kuti Ugadzirise Kushamba Kwemvura Nekunatsa
Kukosha kweData reNguva Yechokwadi uye Masisitimu Emhinduro
Kuyera kwakarurama kwehuwandu hweasidhi ndiko kunonyanya kukosha pakudzora kushanda kwemaitiro ekuvhara acid mukuita kwekupisa kwakaputirwa. Mamita ekuisa acid otomatiki, kusanganisira Lonnmeter otomatiki yekuisa acid kana forogo, akaiswa zvakananga mupickling bath circulation loop. Midziyo iyi inopa mhinduro inoenderera mberi, chaiyo panguva chaiyo pamusoro pehuwandu hwehydrochloric acid uye huwandu hwebath. Data iri rinotumirwa kune process controller, kazhinji programmable logic controller (PLC), iyo inodudzira ruzivo uye inotumira mirairo kuma dosing systems kana acid make-up pumps.
Miyero yekuyerera kweCoriolis yekuyera huwandu, pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekudzora huwandu hwemuyero wekuyerera, inopa nzira chaiyo yekutarisira huwandu hweasidhi. Kutarisa huwandu hweasidhi munguva chaiyo hakungogadzirisi chete kushandiswa kwemakemikari asiwo kunogonesa kugadzirisa otomatiki dosing - asidhi inowedzerwa chete kana ichidikanwa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakatarwa, zvichideredza kuwanda kwedosi.
Nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinozvigadzirisa dzinoderedza kukanganisa kwevanhu nekunonoka. Kana huwandu hweasidhi huchidzika pasi pemuganho wakakodzera wekubvisa chiyero zvinobudirira, sisitimu inotanga kuwedzera acid zvakananga uchishandisa majekiseni akananga. Kusiyana neizvi, kana huwandu huchikwira kusvika padanho rinogona kuisa njodzi yekurwiswa kwe substrate, kumisa dosing kana neutralization agents zvinoiswa otomatiki. Nzira iyi inodzivirira kuwanda kwe pickling uye pasi pe pickling, ichidzivirira strip substrate integrity uye ichivimbisa kugadzikana kwe process parameter panguva ye hydrochloric acid pickling mukugadzira simbi.
Kugoverwa kweasidhi yakafanana kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekusanganisa kwakarongwa uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo, zvichideredza njodzi yekupickling zvakanyanya munzvimbo dziri pedyo kana nzvimbo dzisina kugadziriswa zvakakwana. Masisitimu otomatiki anokurumidza kupindura kuchinja-chinja kubva mukumhanya kwestrip, mutoro, kana mamiriro esimbi ekumusoro, zvichichengetedza huwandu hwakagadzikana hwakakosha pakudzivirira strip substrate. Aya ma closed-loop mechanisms anoshanda pamwe chete nema inline sensors epH, tembiricha, uye iron content. Kudyidzana kwakadaro kwakazara kwenguva chaiyo kunogonesa kudzora kwakasimba kwemaitiro, kudzivirira kusawirirana kwebatch, uye kutsigira kudzokorora kwakanyanya mumhedzisiro yepickling.
Mhedzisiro uye Kugadzira Kukosha
Kudzora huwandu hweasidhi mukuunganidza zvinhu kunounza mabhenefiti makuru pakushanda, pahupfumi, uye panharaunda.
Kutarisira kwakarurama uchishandisa nzira yekudzora closed-loop uye kuyerwa kwehuwandu hweasidhi mukati memuchina kunoderedza kushandiswa kweasidhi nekuderedza kuwanda kweasidhi uye kuripa zvakakwana kuderedzwa kweasidhi kana zvichidikanwa chete. Miyero yekuyerera kweCoriolis, masisitimu ekugadzira otomatiki, uye maturusi akaita seLonnmeter zvinoita kuti asidhi izadzwe zvakanaka, zvichideredza kuwanda kwekugadziriswazve kwebhavhu uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rebhavhu rekugezesa. Izvi zvinoguma nekusashandiswa kwehydrochloric acid uye kuderedzwa kwekuumbwa kweasidhi yemarara, izvo zvinoreva kudzikira kwemitengo yekushanda uye kudzikiswa kwemutoro wezvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira marara asina njodzi anoda kurapwa kana kuraswa.
Kugadzika huwandu hweasidhi kunokanganisa zvakananga kunaka uye goho repamusoro. Masisitimu emhinduro otomatiki anochengetedza asidhi muhwindo rakakodzera rekubvisa oxide pasina kupwanyika zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinoreva kudzikira kwekukanganisa, kutyoka kwecoil, kana kupera kwepamusoro kusingaenderane - zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunaka kwepakarepo uye kuramba ngura kwenguva refu. Maitiro akafanana anowanikwa kuburikidza nekudzora kweclosed-loop anopa simba rakawanda rekushanda uye anoderedza mwero wekurambwa pachigadzirwa chapera.
Kushandiswa kweasidhi kwakakodzera kunounzawo kukosha kwakakura kwehurongwa—zviitiko zvishoma zvekugadzirisazve asidhi (kana kudzokorodza) zvinoderedza nguva yekushanda kwemiti, kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kuburitswa kwemhepo. Kutevedzera nharaunda kunovandudzwa kuburikidza nekudzikira kwekubuda kweasidhi uye kudzikira kwekurasikirwa kwekushanduka kwemaitiro. Mabhenefiti anowedzera kana masisitimu ekudzokorodza kana ekudzokorodza akabatanidzwa, sezvo kushanda kwakadzikama kunoderedza huwandu uye kusiyana kwenzizi dzinoda kudzokorodzwa, zvichiita kuti zvirongwa izvi zvekuchengetedza zvishande zvakanyanya.
Kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo uye kugadzirisa kweclosed-loop inzira yakanakisisa yekudzora huwandu hwema flow meter mukuita kwe pickling. Kuitwa kwayo kunogona kuunza kudzoka nekukurumidza pakudyara kuburikidza nekuderedza kushandiswa kweasidhi, kuderedza marara, kuvandudza goho, uye kutevedzera mitemo inogara iripo. Izvi zvakasimbiswa mukushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, nekudzikiswa kwakanyorwa mukushandiswa kweasidhi uye kugadzikana kuri nani kwemabasa ekugadzira uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.
Maitiro Akanakisisa Ekushandisa Mutsetse Wekukanda Acid Uchishandisa Otomatiki
Kuramba Uchitarisa uye Kudzora Kuisa Pfungwa
Kudzora zvinobudirira kwemaitiro ekugadzira hydrochloric acid pickling ye hot rolled strip kunotanga nekuyera kwakarurama, panguva chaiyo. Mamita ekuisa mukati memutsara—akadai seCoriolis flow metres, fork concentration metres, uye Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration metres—anofanirwa kuiswa zvakananga mutangi rega rega rekugadzira uye panzvimbo dzakakosha dzekupa chikafu nedzekuburitsa mvura. Kuisa sensor yestrategic kunoita kuti acid ionekwe munzvimbo dzine turbulence yakawanda kana kuti nguva dzose, zvichideredza nzvimbo dzakafa uye zvikanganiso zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwenzvimbo.
Kuongororwa kwemasensa nguva dzose kunofanirwa kuitwa. Kuongororwa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kunoenderana neacid aggressive uye nhungamiro dzemugadziri asi kunofanirwa kuitika kanenge kota imwe neimwe kana mushure mekumira kwekugadzirisa kwakarongwa. Zvakakosha kushandisa zviyero zvekugadzirisa zvakatsanangurwa kare zvinoenderana nemakemikari emabhati chaiwo ekugadzirisa kuti zvive zvakarurama. Nyanzvi dzinofanira kunyora data rekugadzirisa uye kuona kuti sensor drift inotenderera kwenguva refu.
Chirongwa chakasimba chekugadzirisa chinosanganisira kuongororwa kwakarongwa, kuchenesa kubvisa iron oxide scaling, uye kusimbiswa kana zvinhu zvabviswa murabhoritari. Tsiva zvikamu zve sensor zvakasakara nekukurumidza kudzivirira kudonha kana kutadza kushanda, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine ngura yakawanda dzinowanikwa mumitsetse ye acid yeindasitiri.
Kuongororwa kweacid bath nguva dzose kunoenderana nekuverengwa kuripo kubva kumamita ekuisa acid otomatiki. Software yekudzora maitiro inoshandisa data iri kudzora mwero we acid make-up. Semuenzaniso, kubatanidza Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration metres kunogonesa kutarisa panguva chaiyo ye HCl concentrations, kubvisa fungidziro uye kuderedza lag inobatanidzwa ne manual titration. Closed-loop process control in acid pickling inobatanidza zviyero izvi nemapombi ekuisa dosing, kugadzirisa acid supply uye kuderedza kushandiswa.
Kuchengetedza huwandu hwakagadzikana hwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa kunodzivirira zvakananga kuunganidzwa kwakawandisa kwesimbi—izvo zvinokonzera kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwesimbi uye kushandiswa zvakanyanya kweasidhi—uye kuunganidzwa kwakaderera kwechinhu, izvo zvinosiya zvasara zvechikero uye zvinokuvadza kunaka kwenzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzekuunganidzwa kweasidhi dzinofanira kugadziriswa zvinoenderana nehukuru hwechinhu, tembiricha, uye kumhanya kwemutsara. Masisitimu akaita seautomatic acid make-up anovimba neiyi input kuti apihwe dosage nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.
Gadzira ma alarm uye ma interlock systems mukuita kwe DCS kana PLC kuti zviite nekukurumidza kana paine kutsauka kubva pa safe acid concentration thresholds. Maitiro ekutanga anosanganisira:
- Isa ma alarm thresholds kunze kwe process bands dzakakodzera kuti HCl ive yakawanda.
- Batanidza alarm yega yega nezviito zvekukiyana zvakaita sekudzima otomatiki dosing, kuderedza kumhanya kwemutsetse, kana maitiro ekufamba nebhati.
- Shandisai nzira dzekufungidzira kuti muve neyambiro dzekugadzirira—masisitimu epamusoro anotanga maalarm kwete chete pakuverenga kuri kuitika mazuva ano asiwo parwendo rwagara rwuchitarisirwa zvichibva padata riri kufambiswa.
Kuongororwa nekuongororwa kwesystem yekuyambira nguva nenguva, pamwe nekudzidziswa kwakazara kwemushandisi, kunoita kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti kutsauka kwemaitiro kwaonekwa uye kwagadziriswa zvisati zvakanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa kana kuchengetedzeka kwemidziyo.
Kuchengetedzeka uye Kuvimbisa Zvakatipoteredza
Kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza nevashandi kunoda kubatanidzwa kwakanyatsojeka kwemitsara yekubvisa acid pamwe nekuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye zvirongwa zvekugadzirisa acid. Kutarisa huwandu hweacid mumutsara kunoita basa guru mukudzikamisa mamiriro ezvinhu, zvichikanganisa zvakananga kugadzirwa kweutsi uye kubudiswa kwemarara.
Mitsetse yepickling inofanira kubatanidza data rehuwandu hwezvinhu panguva chaiyo kubva kuma flow meter concentration control systems ne emission abatement controls, zvakaita se extraction hoods, covers, uye mhute depression additives. Kana ma acid concentration metres akaona mafambiro achienda kunzvimbo dzakanyanya concentration, automated logic inofanira kufambisa vapor depression systems kana kugadzirisa ventilation zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa kuti ideredze hydrochloric acid vapor release.
Batanidza mitsetse yepickling nemayuniti ekugadzirisa acid, akadai se pyrohydrolysis kana fluid bed reactors. Data reinline concentration rinofanira kukonzera kubviswa kweacid uye kuyera acid itsva yakagadziriswazve mu closed-loop, kuchengetedza composition ukuwo zvichiita kuti marara nekushandiswa kwesimba kushoma. Izvi hazvingotsigire chete zvinangwa zvezvakatipoteredza asiwo zvinopa mikana yekuderedza kushandiswa kweacid zvakananga mupickling yesimbi nekugonesa makeup inodiwa.
Zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinosara zvinotarisirwa zvakanaka kuburikidza nekutarisa kugezesa paindaneti uye kubuda ropa mubhavhu nguva nenguva. Chengetedza pH uye acid concentration yemvura otomatiki munzvimbo dzese dzinorasirwa marara kuitira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mitemo inotevedzera mitemo.
Zviito zvekudzivirira zvinosanganisira:
- Kuongororwa nekugadziriswa kwemidziyo yekudzora nekudzikamisa utsi nguva nenguva.
- Kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwehutete hwehurongwa hwemvura kuti kuonekwe kudonha kwemvura—kuwanda kwemvura mumhepo kana kuti pH spikes zvinowanzoratidza kurasikirwa kweasidhi kusingatarisirwi.
- Kuvharwa otomatiki uye kuvharwa kwemagetsi kana zviitiko zvealamu zvichienderera mberi zvanyorwa, zvichideredza kuburitswa kwemhepo munzvimbo uye kusvibiswa nebasa.
- Kudzidziswa kwevashandisi mukuita zvinhu zvinokurumidza, zvichisimbiswa nekudzidzira nguva nenguva kusimbisa sisitimu.
Kugadzikana kwema process parameter nemazvo uye kwakabatana—kushandisa maturusi akaita seLonnmeter uye kutarisa panguva chaiyo—kunounza kuvandudzwa kunoyerwa mukudzora huwandu hweacid mukutora acid, zvichichengetedza mhando yechigadzirwa uye nharaunda.
Maitiro Ekugadzira Simbi Inopisa Yakamonerwa
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Nzira dzepamusoro dzekuyera huwandu hwemukati, dzakadai semamita ekuongorora otomatiki—kusanganisira masisitimu eLonnmeter—dzakachinja maitiro ekuongorora huwandu hwehuwandu ...hydrochloric acidMaitiro ekugadzira zvidimbu zvesimbi zvinopisa uye zvimwe zvinhu zvesimbi. Nekupa nguva dzose kutarisa huwandu hweasidhi nemunyu wesimbi mubhavhu, zvishandiso izvi zvinobvisa kunonoka kwekutora sampuli nemaoko uye kunonoka kwerabhoritari, zvichiwedzera zvakananga kuchengetedzeka uye kuvimbika kwemaitiro acho. Magadzirirwo avo akasimba, asina kugadziriswa anoshandisa zvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura zvakakodzera nzvimbo dzine hukasha, zvichideredza kusangana kwevashandi nezvinhu zvine njodzi uye kuderedza njodzi panguva yekushanda. Masisitimu ekuisa zvidimbu mumutsara anopa mhinduro nekukurumidza kuburikidza nemagetsi, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza kwezvakatsauka uye kutsigira mashandiro e ergonomic, anoderedza njodzi.
Automation yakavharirwa inoshandisa nzira dzekuyera idzi, ichidzibatanidza nedhijitari dzinodzora uye otomatiki acid make-up systems dze pickling lines. Iyi architecture inogadzirisa acid concentration zvichibva pane real-time sensor data, ichivimbisa kugadzikana kwema process parameter uye mhando yechigadzirwa inoenderana. Automation inoderedza zvakananga pickling yakawandisa, izvo zvinotungamira mukurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwesimbi, uye inodzivirira pasi pe pickling, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zvikanganiso pamusoro. Nekugara uchidzora flow meter concentration control uye concentration control panguva ye acid pickling, vagadziri vanodzivirira strip substrates uye vanogadzirisa nhanho yega yega yekuchenesa makemikari. Aya masisitimu anotsigirawo nzira dzekuderedza kushandiswa kweacid nekuwedzera kushandiswazve kweacid, kuderedza ma raw acid inputs, uye kuderedza mari yekushanda inobatanidzwa nekukanganiswa kweprocess kana kugadzirisa patsva.
Kubatanidzwa kwekushandiswa kweforogo yekuisa simbi pamwe nekubatsira kweCoriolis flow meter kunoita kuti acid ive yakaringana mukati mekuita kwekuisa simbi. Nzira iyi inotungamirwa nedata inovandudza kushanda kwekuisa simbi, inowedzera mhando yesimbi yekupedzisira, uye inotsigira kugadzirwa kwakasimba, kwakasimba uye kusina njodzi huru kune zvakatipoteredza. Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekurapa acid hwakavharika, hunodzokorodza hydrochloric acid yakapedzwa uye hunodzoreredza mvura, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kugadzirwa kwemarara ane njodzi uye zvichitsigira kutevedzera mitemo. Kutarisa nekudzora otomatiki panguva chaiyo, zvinopa simba vagadziri vesimbi kuti vasangane nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedza simbi uye simbi yemhando yepamusoro yekuburitsa kunze kwenyika.
Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kwemamita epamusoro, akagadzirwa otomatiki eacid akadai seLonnmeter—akabatanidzwa mumasisitimu ekudzora maitiro akavharwa—kunopa kuvimbika, kufanana kwakanyanya kwechigadzirwa, uye kufambira mberi kunoyerwa mukuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro ekugadzira simbi mukugadzira simbi. Izvi zvitsva zvinogonesa kugadzirwa kwesimbi kwakasimba uye kunodzorwa nemhando ukuwo zvichideredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye marara ezviwanikwa.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Asidhi inoita basa rei? kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe cheteKutamba kwemita mukuita kwe hydrochloric acid pickling?
Chiyero che acid concentration chinoiswa mumutsara mukati me pickling bath kuti chipe kuyerwa kwenguva chaiyo, kunoramba kuripo kwe hydrochloric acid concentration. Kutarisa uku kwenguva chaiyo kunoita kuti vashandi varambe vaine acid levels yakakwana mukati me acid pickling process ye hot rolled strip. Data rinoenderera mberi rinoderedza kuvimba nekushandisa manual sampling, iyo inowanzo tambura nekunonoka kwenguva uye kukanganisa kwevanhu. Nekubvumira kugadziriswa nekukurumidza kwe acid dosing, meter inobatsira kudzivirira over-pickling—iyo inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nesimbi uye kukuvara kwe surface—uye under-pickling, izvo zvinoguma nekubviswa kwe oxide scale isina kukwana uye kusakwana kwe surface. Nzira iyi inotsigira mamiriro ekushanda akagadzikana, inowedzera hupenyu hwekugezera, uye inoderedza kushandiswa kwe acid, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemarara uye kuvandudzwa kwe strip substrate protection.
Chiyero cheCoriolis flow meter chinobatsira sei kudzora hydrochloric acid pickling control?
Chiyero chekuyerera kweCoriolis chekuyera huwandu hwemvura chinopa kuverenga kwakarurama, panguva imwe chete kwehuwandu hwemvura inoyerera uye huwandu hweasidhi mumutsara wekutsvaira. Mamita aya anobvisa zvikanganiso zvenguva dzose zvekutora sampuli nekuyera huwandu hweasidhi nguva dzose uye zvakananga sezvo mvura ichiyerera nemusisitimu. Kunyatsorongeka kwavo kunotsigira kugadziriswa otomatiki kweacid dosing muchirongwa chekudzora maitiro akavharwa. Sezvo huwandu huchichinja—nekuda kwekunyungudika kwesimbi kana kupera kweasidhi—Coriolis meter inozivisa system yekudzora ipapo ipapo, iyo inogona kuwedzera kana kuderedza kugadzirwa kweasidhi zvinoenderana. Izvi zvinochengetedza maitiro ekutsvaira mukati mehuwandu hwakakodzera, zvichivandudza kushanda kwekutora, kuderedza marara easidhi, uye kuona kuti mhando yacho inogara yakafanana panguva yekutsvaira hydrochloric acid mukugadzira simbi.
Sei kudzora huwandu hwezvinhu kuchikosha pakunhonga acid yechinhu chinopisa chakaputirwa?
Kudzora huwandu hwezvinhu zvakanyatsonaka mukugadzira hydrochloric acid kwakakosha kuti pave nekubvisa oxide scale pasina kukuvadza simbi. Kana acid yakawanda zvakanyanya, kubvisa scale kunononoka, zvichikonzera kuti simbi isapike zvakanaka uye isasike. Kana acid yakanyanya kusimba, inogona kukonzera kukuvara kana kupwanya pamusoro pesimbi, zvichiwedzera mitengo uye zvichikonzera zvikanganiso zvekugadzirisa. Matekiniki ekuyera huwandu hwezvinhu otomatiki, akadai sekushandisa Lonnmeter automatic acid concentration metres, anochengetedza acid yakawanda mukati memiganhu yakakodzera. Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete kudzivirira substrate asiwo zvinoderedza kushandiswa kweacid yakawanda uye mari yekushandisa. Kudzora kwakakodzera kunotsigirawo kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza nekudzora kuburitswa kweacid uye kuderedza marara ane njodzi.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvekugadzira acid otomatiki mumitsetse yepickling?
Masisitimu ekugadzira acid otomatiki emitsara yepickling anobatanidzwa nemamita ekuisa acid mumutsara kuti agadzirise huwandu hweacid sezvainodiwa panguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinoderedza kana kubvisa kupindira nemaoko, zvichidzikamisa maitiro akadai sesimba reacid, tembiricha yekugezera, uye huwandu hweiron ion. Mabhenefiti acho anosanganisira:
- Kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kweasidhi, sezvo chiyero chinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo uye chinodzorazve acid yakawanikwa.
- Kugadzirwa kwemarara kwakaderera uye kutevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza kuri nani nekuda kwekudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemishonga yakawanda.
- Kugadzikana kwemaitiro nguva dzose, izvo zvinovandudza kunaka kwechigadzirwa uye zvinoderedza kuwanda kwekurasa marara mubhavhu.
- Kuchengetedzwa kwakawedzerwa kune vanoshanda vasinganyanyi kusangana nemamiriro ekunze ane acid ane njodzi.
Masisitimu ekugadzira acid otomatiki anogonesawo kukurumidza kugadzirisa zvinoenderana nemazinga ekugadzira akasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti maitiro ekugadzira acid arambe akagadzirwa zvakanaka kuti akwanise kuputirwa nehot rolled strip nguva dzese.
Forogo yemukati inogona kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chetemamita anobatsira kudzivirira kusvina zvakanyanya?
Miyero yemafuta eforogo inoenderera mberi ichitarisa simba reasidhi, ichitsigira kuonekwa nekukurumidza kana huwandu hwehydrochloric acid hukadonha kunze kwenzvimbo dzakatarwa. Kuongororwa uku nekukurumidza kunoita kuti system ikwanise kutanga kugadzira acid kana kuita dilution otomatiki. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kushandiswa kweforogo mumiyero yemafuta eforogo mumiyero yeasidhi kunoderedza zvakananga njodzi yekupickling zvakanyanya—mamiriro ezvinhu apo kurasikirwa nesimbi uye kushandiswa kweasidhi yakawandisa kunoitika nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwenguva refu kana kwakanyanya. Nekugonesa kudzorwa kweclosed-loop, mita idzi dzinoderedza njodzi yekukanganisa kwemushandisi uye dzinochengetedza maitiro epickling acid ehot rolled strip mukati memahwindo akamanikana uye anoshanda zvakanaka. Izvi zvinotungamira pakushandiswa kwakanaka kwemakemikari, kuchengetedza substrate integrity, uye kushanda kwakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-01-2025
