Kuwanda kweBentonite Slurry
1. Kupatsanura uye Kushanda kwetsvina
1.1 Kupatsanura
Bentonite, inozivikanwawo sedombo rebentonite, idombo revhu rine huwandu hwakawanda hwemontmorillonite, iyo inowanzova nehuwandu hushoma hweillite, kaolinite, zeolite, feldspar, calcite, nezvimwewo. Bentonite inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: sodium-based bentonite (ivhu realkaline), calcium-based bentonite (ivhu realkaline) uye natural bleaching earth (ivhu rine acidic). Pakati pazvo, calcium-based bentonite inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: calcium-based sodium-based uye calcium-magnesium-based bentonites, zvakare.
1.2 Kushanda
1) Hunhu Hwemuviri
Bentonite ichena uye yero yakapfava muchimiro chezvisikwa nepo ichionekwawo mugrey yakapfava, girini yakapfava, tsvuku yebrown, dema, nezvimwewo. Bentonite inosiyana mukuoma kwayo nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwepanyama.
2) Kuumbwa kweMakemikoro
Zvikamu zvikuru zvemakemikari zvebentonite isilicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nemvura (H2O). Huremu hwesimbi oxide nemagnesium oxide hunowedzerawo dzimwe nguva, uye calcium, sodium, potassium zvinowanzovapo mubentonite mune zvakasiyana-siyana. Huremu hweNa2O neCaO mubentonite hunoita mutsauko pahunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari, uye kunyange tekinoroji yekugadzira.
3) Hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari
Bentonite inoonekwa seyakakura zvikuru, kureva kuti kuwedzera mushure mekunwa mvura. Kuwanda kwekuwedzera kunosanganisira kunwa mvura kunosvika ka30. Inogona kuparadzirwa mumvura kuti iite viscous, thixotropic, uye lubricate colloidal suspension. Inoshanduka kuita malleable uye inamire mushure mekusanganiswa nemarara akapfava akadai semvura, slurry kana jecha. Inokwanisa kunwa magasi akasiyana-siyana, zvinwiwa, nezvinhu zve organic, uye kugona kwakanyanya kunyudzwa kunogona kusvika ka5 kahuremu hwayo. Ivhu rinonyungudutsa acid rinogona kunyudza zvinhu zvine mavara.
Hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari hwebentonite hunonyanya kuenderana nerudzi uye zviri mukati memontmorillonite. Kazhinji, bentonite ine sodium ine hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari uye mashandiro ehunyanzvi kupfuura bentonite ine calcium kana magnesium.
2. Kuyerwa Kunogara Kuchiitwa kweBentonite Slurry
IyoLonnmetermukatibentoniteslurrykuwandamitai onlinemita yekuyera kuwanda kwepulpInoshandiswa kakawanda mumaindasitiri. Kuwanda kwetsvina zvinoreva chiyero chehuremu hwetsvina nehuremu hwehuwandu hwakatarwa hwemvura. Hukuru hwetsvina hunoyerwa panzvimbo yacho hunoenderana nehuremu hwese hwetsvina nezvidimbu zvekuchera mutsvina. Huremu hwezvisanganiswa zvinofanirawo kuiswa kana zviripo.
3. Kushandiswa kweSlurry mumamiriro akasiyana eGeological
Zvakaoma kuboora gomba mujecha, matombo, matombo akapwanyika uye nzvimbo dzakaputsika dzekubatanidza zvinhu zvidiki pakati pezvikamu. Chinokosha padambudziko iri ndechekuwedzera simba rekubatanidza pakati pezvikamu, uye kunotora matope sechidziviriro muzvikamu zvakadaro.
3.1 Mhedzisiro yeKuwanda kweSlurry paKumhanya kweKuboorera
Kumhanya kwekuboora kunodzikira kana huwandu hwetsvina huchiwedzera. Kumhanya kwekuboora kunodzikira zvakanyanya, kunyanya kana huwandu hwetsvina hwakakura kupfuura 1.06-1.10 g/cm3Kana slurry yakawedzera, kumhanya kwayo kunodzikirawo.
3.2 Mhedzisiro yeKuwanda kweJecha muSlurry paKuboorera
Kuwanda kwemarara ematombo ari mumatope kunokonzera njodzi pakucherwa, zvichikonzera makomba asina kucheneswa zvakanaka uye kunamatira. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinogona kukonzera kusvetwa nekumanikidzwa, zvichikonzera kudonha kwemvura kana kudonha kwetsime. Kuwanda kwejecha kwakawanda uye madhaka ari mugomba akakora. Zvinokonzera kuti madziro egomba aputsike nekuda kwemvura, uye zviri nyore kukonzera kuti ganda remadhaka riwire pasi uye kukonzera tsaona mugomba. Panguva imwe chete, kuwanda kwemadhaka kunokonzera kupera kukuru pamapombi, madhiri ekuboorera, maoko emasilinda epombi yemvura, uye mapiston rods, uye hupenyu hwazvo hupfupi. Saka, pasi pepfungwa yekuona kuti kumanikidzwa kuri kuenzana, huwandu hwemadhaka nejecha hunofanira kuderedzwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
3.3 Kuwanda kwematope muvhu rakapfava
Muvhu rakapfava, kana huwandu hwetsvina hwakaderera zvakanyanya kana kumhanya kwekuboora kwacho kuchikurumidza, zvinozoita kuti makomba aputsike. Kazhinji zviri nani kuchengetedza huwandu hwetsvina pa1.25g/cm3muvhu iri.
4. Mafomura Akajairika eSlurry
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzeslurry muinjiniya, asi dzinogona kupatsanurwa mumhando dzinotevera zvichienderana nemakemikari adzo. Nzira yekuyera zvinhu ndeyeinotevera:
4.1 Na-Cmc (Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose) Slurry
Iyi slurry ndiyo inonyanya kuwedzera viscosity, uye Na-CMC ine basa guru mukuwedzera viscosity uye kuderedza kurasikirwa nemvura. Fomura yacho ndeiyi: 150-200g yevhu remhando yepamusoro reslurry, 1000ml yemvura, 5-10Kg yesoda ash, uye inenge 6kg yeNa-CMC. Hunhu hweslurry ndeihu: density 1.07-1.1 g/cm3, viscosity 25-35s, kurasikirwa nemvura pasi pe12ml/30min, pH value inenge 9.5.
4.2 Simbi Chromium Munyu-Na-Cmc Slurry
Iyi slurry ine simba guru rekuwedzera viscosity uye kugadzikana, uye iron chromium munyu inoita basa rekudzivirira flocculation (dilution). Fomura yacho ndeiyi: 200g ivhu, 1000ml yemvura, inenge 20% yekuwedzera pure alkali solution pa 50% concentration, 0.5% yekuwedzera ferrochromium salt solution pa 20% concentration, uye 0.1% Na-CMC. Hunhu hweslurry ndeihu: density 1.10 g/cm3, viscosity 25s, kurasikirwa nemvura 12ml/30min, pH 9.
4.3 Lignin Sulfonate Slurry
Lignin sulfonate inobva mumvura ine sulfite pulp waste uye inowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete ne coal alkali agent kugadzirisa slurry inodzivirira kupwanyika uye kurasikirwa nemvura zvichibva pakuwedzera kwe viscosity. Fomura yacho ivhu re 100-200kg, 30-40kg sulfite pulp waste liquid, 10-20kg coal alkali agent, 5-10kg NaOH, 5-10kg defoamer, uye 900-1000L yemvura ye 1m3 slurry. Hunhu hwe slurry ndeihu: density 1.06-1.20 g/cm3, funnel viscosity 18-40s, mvura inorasika 5-10ml/30min, uye 0.1-0.3kg Na-CMC inogona kuwedzerwa panguva yekuboorera kuti ideredze kurasikirwa nemvura.
4.4 Humic Acid Slurry
Humic acid slurry inoshandisa coal alkali agent kana sodium humate se stabilizer. Inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakurapa zvakaita seNa-CMC. Nzira yekugadzira humic acid slurry ndeyekuwedzera 150-200kg coal alkali agent (huremu hwakaoma), 3-5kg Na2CO3, uye 900-1000L yemvura ku1m3 yeslurry. Hunhu hweslurry: kuwanda 1.03-1.20 g/cm3, kurasikirwa nemvura 4-10ml/30min, pH 9.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-12-2025
