ItsindaIgipimo cy'ubucucike (VI)ni umubare ugaragaza uburyo ubushyuhe bw'amazi buhinduka bitewe n'ubushyuhe. Ni igipimo kitagira ingano, gihwanye—bivuze ko kidafite ibipimo kandi gikoreshwa mu kugereranya amazi.VI yo hejurubivuze ko ubushyuhe bw'amazi bukomeza kuba bwiza mu bushyuhe bwinshi, mu giheVI yo hasibivuze ko ubushyuhe buhinduka cyane, bigatuma amazi adakomeza kwiringirwa mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.
Kuki VI ari ingenzi?
Mu bikorwa nyabyo, ibinyobwa nk'amavuta ya moteri cyangwaamazi y'amazibigomba gukora neza mu bushyuhe butandukanye. Iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse cyane:
- Iyo hakonje: Amazi menshi ashobora gutuma gutangiza moteri cyangwa imashini bigorana, bigatuma ibice byayo bishira kuko amazi adatemba neza kugira ngo abishyiremo amavuta.
- Iyo bishyushye: Amazi make ashobora kudatanga uburinzi buhagije, bigatuma icyuma kigera ku cyuma, kikangirika cyangwa kikangirika.
Urugero, muri moteri y'imodoka:
- Mu gitondo cy'ubukonje bw'imbeho, amavuta ya VI nke ashobora kuba menshi cyane ku buryo moteri inanirwa guhinduka, bigatuma irushaho kugorana no kwangirika.
- Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bw'impeshyi, ayo mavuta ya VI nke ashobora kuba make cyane, akananirwa kurinda ibice bya moteri kwangirika no gushyuha, bigatuma imikorere n'igihe cyo kubaho bigabanuka.
Ku rundi ruhande, amavuta ya VI nyinshi atemba neza mu gihe cy'ubukonje kugira ngo adatangira neza kandi agumana ubushyuhe bwinshi buhagije kugira ngo arinde ibice bya moteri, binoze imikorere no kuramba.
Ibintu Bigira Ingaruka ku Mubare w'Ubucucike
Ingano ya VI y'amazi ishingiye ku bintu bibiri by'ingenzi:
- Ubwoko bw'amavuta y'ibanze:
- Amavuta y'ubutare(biva muri peteroli isanzwe): Ibi akenshi biba bifite VI iri hasi (urugero, 80–120), bivuze ko ubushyuhe bwabyo buhinduka cyane uko ubushyuhe bugenda buhinduka.
- Amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa sintetike(nka polyalphaolefini cyangwa esters): Izi akenshi zigira VI iri hejuru (urugero, 120–200), zitanga ubusugire bwiza mu bushyuhe.
- Amavuta y'imboga cyangwa ashingiye ku binyabuzimaVI iratandukanye ariko akenshi iba iri hagati, bitewe n'aho ikomoka.
- Inyongeramusaruro: Imiti yihariye yitwaibipimo by'ubukana (viscosity index) binoza(VIIs) zongerwa mu mavuta kugira ngo zongere VI yazo. Izi nyongera ni polymer zikura iyo zishyushye, zigafasha amavuta kudacika intege, kandi zigafatana iyo akonje, bikarinda ko aba menshi cyane.
Impamvu VI ari ingenzi mu guhitamo amazi
Guhitamo amazi afite VI ikwiye ni ingenzi mu ikoreshwa aho ubushyuhe buhinduka, nko:
- Moteri z'imodokaAmavuta ya VI nyinshi (urugero, 5W-30 y’ubukonje) atuma habaho gutangira neza ubukonje no kurinda neza iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukoreshejwe.
- Sisitemu z'amazi: Mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, amazi afite ubushyuhe bwinshi atuma umuriro utangwa mu buryo buhoraho mu bikonje cyangwa mu bishyushye.
- Imashini z'inganda: Amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa "high-VI" agabanya kwangirika no gutakaza ingufu mu masanduku y'ubwato cyangwa kompreseri zikora mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
Urugero, mu gihe cy'ubukonje, imashini icukura amazi ikoresheje amazi make ya VI ishobora gukora buhoro mu gitondo, igatinza akazi no guhangayika ibice. Amazi make ya VI atuma sisitemu ikora neza kandi igakora neza.
Kureba Imbonerahamwe y'Ubucucike
Tekereza imbonerahamwe igereranya uburyo ubushyuhe buhinduka bitewe n'ubushyuhe bw'amavuta abiri:
- Umurongo wa X: Ubushyuhe (urugero, kuva kuri -20°C kugeza kuri 100°C).
- Umurongo wa Y: Uburemere (uburyo amazi afite ubunini cyangwa ubuto).
- Amavuta make ya VI: Umurongo umanuka cyane, ugaragaza impinduka nini mu bushyuhe—ubunini cyane mu bushyuhe buri hasi kandi woroshye cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
- Amavuta menshi ya VI: Umurongo uragororotse, bigaragaza ko ubushyuhe buguma buhamye mu rugero rumwe rw'ubushyuhe.
Iri tandukaniro niyo mpamvu amavuta ya VI nyinshi akundwa cyane mu gukoresha amavuta menshi—atanga imikorere itegerejwe kandi yizewe.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
- Igipimo cy'ubucucike (VI)ipima uburyo ubushyuhe bw'amazi buhagaze neza uko ubushyuhe buhinduka.
- Icyiciro cya VI cyo hejuru= ubushyuhe buhamye, ni byiza ku bushyuhe bwinshi (urugero, amavuta ya sintetike).
- VI yo hasi= ubushyuhe buhinduka cyane, ibyo bikaba bishobora guteza ibibazo mu bihe by'ubukonje cyangwa ubushyuhe.
- Ingaruka ku isi nyayo: Amazi menshi ya VI atuma moteri, sisitemu za hydraulic n'imashini bikora neza kandi bigabanya kwangirika no gutuma imikorere yazo igenda neza.
- IbintuUbwoko bw'amavuta y'ibanze (amabuye y'agaciro ugereranyije n'ay'ubukorikori) hamwe n'inyongeramusaruro nka viscosity index improvers ni byo bigena VI.
Mu guhitamo amazi afite VI ikwiye, injeniyeri n'abatekinisiye bashobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho bikora neza kandi bikamara igihe kirekire, uko ikirere cyaba kiri kose cyangwa uko imikorere yaba iri kose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Nzeri 2025
