Abashakashatsi ba Kaminuza ya Stanford bateye imbere cyane mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gukura lithium mu mazi y'umunyu. Uburyo bwiza kandi butangiza ibidukikije bukemura ikibazoibibazo by'ubwinshi bwa litiyumumu gucukura no gutunganya ibintu gakondo. Ikoranabuhanga rinongera ubushobozi bwo kunozaurugero rwa litiyumu mu mazigutunganya no gutuma byihuse, bihendutse kandi bibungabunga ibidukikije binyuze muri electrolysis ya redox-couple (RCE). Ikoranabuhanga rishya rigabanya ikiguzi ho 40% ugereranije n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gukuramo amazi.
Kubera ukwiyongera kw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi no kubika ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, icyifuzo cya lithium mu gihugu cyose cyariyongereye mu myaka yashize.Ubucucike bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya Lithiumbisaba kugera ku rwego runaka, hanyuma ishobora gukoreshwa muri batiri ya lithium. Inyinshi mu ruganda rwa lithium zikoreshwa mu gusohora amazi y'amazi mu byuzi binini biri munsi y'izuba mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe cyangwa urenga, bigasiga umuti wa lithium ukubyemo.
Kugeza ubu, lithiyumu ifite uruhare runini mu kuzamura ingufu ku isi kugera ku ngufu zirambye. Biteganyijwe ko icyifuzo cya lithiyumu kizazamuka kikava kuri toni miliyoni 0.5 mu 2021 kikagera kuri toni miliyoni 4 mu 2030. Ubwiyongere bukabije buterwa no gukundwa no gukwirakwira kw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'ingufu zisukuye.
Muri rusange, lithiyumu iboneka mu mazi y'umunyu, mu mazi yo mu nyanja no mu mavuta asanzwe, bityogupima ingano ya litiyumuni ingenzi mu kuyikuramo, kubona neza ingero zayourugero rwa litiyumu mu mazi y'umunyu, ingano ya litiyumu mu mazi yo mu nyanja, ingano ya litiyumu mu mavuta mabi, urugero rwa lithiamu mu mazi y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Litiyumu gakondo ivanwa mu mabuye yacukuwemo, ihenze cyane, ikoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi ikoreshwa n'imiti ihumanya kurusha ikoreshwa mu mazi y'umunyu. Muri iki gihe, ikoreshwa rya litiyumu ryahindutse rijya mu mazi y'umunyu ashyuha mu kiyaga cya munyu ku giciro gito kandi amafaranga menshi ndetse n'ibidukikije. Imiterere y'ikirere ni ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku musaruro mwiza, bigatera gushidikanya ku bushobozi bw'inganda za litiyumu bwo guhaza izamuka ry'ibikenewe.
Ikiguzi n'inyungu ku bidukikije
Ikoranabuhanga rishya rirahendutse cyane kubera ikiguzi gito cy’imari mu kubaka no kubungabunga ibidendezi binini bikoresha imirasire y’izuba. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi, amazi n’ibintu bihumanya ikirere ni bike cyane ugereranyije n’uburyo bubiri bwabanje. Mu kwirinda gukoresha ubutaka cyane no gukoresha amazi mu buryo gakondo, uburyo bwa RCE bugabanya kandi ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije mu musaruro wa lithiamu.
Gutegereza Imbere
Uburyo bwa REC bwo kwagura ibintu burimo icyizere mu gihe kizaza mu bijyanye n'umutungo ushobora kongera gukoreshwa. Gucukura litiyumu mu buryo bwikora kandi bw'ubwenge ni ikintu kidasubirwaho, cyane cyane mu mikorere yose ihuzaibipimo by'ubucucike bw'umurongo, sensors zo mu rwego ndetse na viscometers. TwandikireLonnmeterKugira ngo ubone uburyo bwo gukuramo umuti wa lithium brine neza. Ushobora kubona ibitekerezo by'abahanga bivuye ku bahanga bacu. Ntutindiganye gusaba ikiguzi cy'ubuntu nonaha!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 15-2025
