Utwuma twohereza umuvuduko dukoresheje umurongo ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ifumbire ya fosifore ikore neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe, cyane cyane mu bimera bitose bya aside fosifore. Dutanga amakuru yizewe kandi y’umuvuduko mu gihe nyacyo mu miyoboro ya aside sulfure ivanze n’uburozi, turwanya ingese, ibintu bikomeye, n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere hamwe n’imiterere irambye kandi idakoreshwa cyane. Gukurikirana neza birinda imimerere mibi y’umuvuduko, bitera impagarara cyangwa kuzimya imyuka ihumanya kugira ngo hagenzurwe imyuka ihumanya, kandi birinda kwiyongera kw’ikirere gushobora kwangiza ibikoresho cyangwa gutuma birekurwa. Gutunganya neza bitanga imiterere ihamye nubwo hari urusaku rw’imikorere, bishyigikira urujya n’uruza rw’aside n’umusaruro mwiza.
Incamake y'Inzira z'ingenzi mu nganda mu bimera bifumbira fosifore
Inganda zikora ifumbire ya fosifore zikoresha cyane cyane uburyo bwo gukora aside fosifore ikoresheje amazi. Muri ubu buryo, phosphate isya neza ivangwa na aside sulfure. Ubu buryo bwa aside loss busohora aside fosifore mu gihe bukora calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) nk'umusaruro w'ibanze. Iyi ngaruka ikomeza uko aside sulfure yibasira imyunyu ngugu ya fosifore, ikabohora aside fosifore mu gice cy'amazi. Hejuru ya 95% by'amabuye ya fosifore muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yifashisha ubu buryo, bishimangira uruhare rwayo nk'inkingi y'inganda mu gukora ibicuruzwa by'ingenzi nka monoammonium phosphate na calcium superphosphate.
Ubushobozi bwo gukora aside fosforike mu nganda bushingiye ku buhanga bukomeye bwo gutunganya fosforike. Gutandukanya ibintu bikomeye n'amazi ni ngombwa kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro mwinshi wa P2O5 (fosforike pentoxide). Ibipimo by'imikorere nk'ubuto bw'amabuye, ubushyuhe bw'impinduka, n'ingano ya aside sulfurike igenzurwa bigomba kuguma mu buryo buciriritse kugira ngo habeho umusaruro mwinshi mu guhindura ibintu mu gihe bigabanya ikorwa ry'ibicuruzwa bidakenewe. Guhuza muri izi ntambwe bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere yo mu nzira.
Gutunganya no gucunga aside ya sulfuriki
Gukoresha aside sulfuriki mu gukora aside phosphorike bigomba kugenzurwa neza. Gupima neza no gukwirakwiza neza binoza umusaruro wa aside phosphorike no kugabanya amabuye y'agaciro adakora neza. Iyo bicunzwe neza, urujya n'uruza rwa aside sulfuriki idakora neza rufasha mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'imvura ya gypsum. Guhindagurika cyane cyangwa kongeramo aside idakora neza bishobora gutuma habaho kwiyongera cyane kw'amazi, bigatera gukura vuba kw'amakristale no kuziba kw'imiyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho.
Gukurikirana mu buryo bufatika imikorere y’ingenzi y’amazi ni ingenzi mu gukumira ihumana mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi. Uburyo bwo gupima no kugenzura bugezweho bufasha gukemura ingaruka zo kubangamira ibidukikije mu mikorere yo gutunganya imiti, biganisha ku micungire myiza y’ibicuruzwa. Urugero, inzira zigenzurwa neza zituma habaho kristu za gypsum zishobora kuyungururwa, byoroshya gutandukanya amazi n’ibinyabiziga kandi bikagabanya ibibazo mu mikorere. Uku kwita ku micungire y’ibicuruzwa ni ingenzi mu gukomeza umusaruro no gukomeza kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga imyanda.
Inzira zo gukora ifumbire mvaruganda
Nyuma yo gukuramo aside no kuyungurura bwa mbere, aside fosforike ikora nk'inkingi y'ubwubatsi bwo gukora ifumbire mu nganda zifumbira fosforike. Gukora ifumbire ya Monoammonium phosphate na calcium superphosphate bisaba gucunga neza ibintu bitera ingaruka. Kuri monoammonium phosphate, aside fosforike ikora neza ihura na amoniya mu gihe igenzurwa. Mu nzira ya kalisiyumu superphosphate, aside sulfurike n'amabuye ya fosforike birahuzwa kugira ngo bitange ifumbire ivanze na fosfori nyinshi ishongesha.
Gucunga neza ibi bikorwa bisaba kugenzura neza uburyo aside itembera n'ibipimo by'amazi akomeye. Ubwo buryo bwo kugenzura bugabanya ingaruka mbi kandi bukongera ubwiza bw'ifumbire. Gucunga neza umusaruro wa calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) biracyari ingenzi; kwikusanya cyangwa gutandukanya nabi bishobora guteza ibibazo mu mikorere y'ibihingwa byose. Mu kunoza buri cyiciro—kuva ku buryo bwa mbere bwo gutunganya fosifate kugeza ku micungire y'ibicuruzwa—ibihingwa byongera umusaruro, bigabanura igihe cyo kudakora, kandi bigashyigikira kubungabunga ibikoresho byabyo igihe kirekire.
Ingamba zo gusenya no kugabanya isuku kenshi, hamwe no kunoza uburyo bwo gupima mu nganda, birushaho kunoza uburyo bwo kubungabunga inshuro nyinshi. Ubu buryo bwiza bwo gukora uruganda rukoresha ifumbire ya fosifore bufasha gukumira ibibazo bigaruka no gukomeza gucunga neza imyuka ihumanya ikirere n'ubushyuhe mu nganda zose.
Gukemura Imbogamizi mu Mikorere mu Gupima Umuvuduko Ushingiye ku Murongo
Kuziba kw'umwanda no kubangamira ibidukikije
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora aside fosforike, cyane cyane mu gukora aside fosforike ikoresheje amazi, imiyoboro itwara aside sulfurike na fosforike ihura n'imbogamizi zikomeye bitewe n'imyanda yiyongera. Ubuhanga bwo gutunganya phosphorike akenshi butera uduce tudashonga, twikusanyiriza hamwe tugatuma imiyoboro ifunga igice cyangwa yose. Ihindagurika riterwa n'iyi myanda no kuvanga aside n'ibice birushaho kwiyongera kw'ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko, bigatuma imiterere idahindagurika kandi umusaruro utarateganijwe uhagarara.
Utwuma dutanga umuvuduko twiza cyane dupima n’utundi duto tw’umuvuduko mu gihe nyacyo, bigatuma abakoresha bamenya umwanda ufunganye hakiri kare. Uku kumenyekana vuba ni ingenzi mu gukumira umwanda ufunganye mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kubura aho ibintu bihagarara. Gushyira hamwe utwuma dutanga umuvuduko twiza bifasha gukemura ibibazo bijyanye n’ingaruka zo kubangamira ibidukikije mu gutunganya imiti, bigakomeza ubuziranenge bwo gupima nubwo hari imimerere mibi y’amazi.
Ifumbire ya Fosifate
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Gukoresha isuku inshuro nyinshi no kuyikoresha neza
Ahantu hakomeye hakoreshwa imiti—nk'aho haboneka ifumbire ya monoammonium phosphate cyangwa ifumbire ya calcium superphosphate—bihutisha kwangirika kw'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sensors n'ibikoresho bihuza. Ibi bituma ibikorwa byo gusana no gusukura bikunze gukorwa, bikongera inshuro zo kubungabunga ibikoresho n'ikiguzi cyo kubikoresha. Gukoresha ibikoresho n'intoki mu kubitunganya no kubitunganya binashyira abakozi mu kaga gashobora guteza ibibazo.
Utwuma twohereza umuvuduko mu buryo bw'umurongo, twagenewe kurwanya imiti no gufunga neza, dutanga ibisubizo by'igihe kirekire byo kubungabunga ibikoresho bikorerwamo aside fosforasi. Amakuru yizewe kandi y'umuvuduko mu gihe nyacyo agabanya gukenera gusenya kenshi. Abakoresha bashobora kwibanda ku gusukura hashingiwe ku buryo bwo gusuzuma, bahuza n'ingamba zo gusenya kenshi no kugabanya isuku. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ubu buryo bwo kunoza bufasha kugenzura inshuro zo kubungabunga no gushyigikira uburyo buhendutse kandi bwiza bwo gukora ifumbire mvaruganda ya fosfeti.
Gupima neza no kunoza imikorere
Gutunganya aside fosforasi ku rwego rw'inganda bishingiye ku mikorere ihoraho ya sensor. Gupima umuvuduko mu buryo buhamye kandi bunoze ni ingenzi mu kugenzura neza inzira ya aside phosphorasi mu gukora aside fosforasi. Bihujwe n'ibipimo by'ubucucike, ubucucike, ubushyuhe, urugero, n'ubushyuhe—nk'ibyo Lonnmeter ikoresha—ibipimo by'umuvuduko bituma ababikora bashobora gukurikirana buri gice cy'amazi y'umuvuduko.
Ubu buryo bwuzuye butanga uburyo bw'ingirakamaro bwo gusuzuma imikorere myiza mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi. Urugero, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ujyanye n'ubwinshi bw'ibipimo cyangwa ubucucike bw'ibipimo rishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya mbere by'irema ry'ibipimo cyangwa kuziba igice, bigatera ingamba zigamije. Ubu buryo buhuriweho bwongera umusaruro mu buryo butaziguye, bukomeza gucunga neza imiterere ya gypsum ya calcium sulfate dihydrate, kandi bugatuma habaho imikorere myiza mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi ikoreshwa mu buryo butose.
Kwita ku mutekano hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucunga ibikoresho biteje akaga
Umutekano ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu byiciro byose by'imikorere y'inganda zikora imiti bitewe n'uburyo zikoresha imyuka ishobora gushya n'iturika, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kohereza aside. Ukwiyongera k'umuvuduko mu buryo budagenzurwa bishobora gutuma imiyoboro y'amazi igwa nabi, ikarekurwa ry'imyuka iteje akaga, cyangwa se ikanaturika. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa inline sensors, cyane cyane ibyohereza umuvuduko bya Lonnmeter, ni byo bigize umurongo wa mbere w'ubwirinzi kuri izi ngaruka.
Zifite ubushobozi bwo kumenya vuba kandi zigatanga akazi ko kuzimya umuriro gashobora guterwa n’ibiza, izi transmitter zihita zohereza ibintu bitameze neza mu muvuduko. Ibi bituma uburyo bwo kuzimya umuriro buhita butangira gukora, bikongera cyane uburyo bwo gucunga neza imyuka ishobora gushya n’iturika mu nganda zikora imiti. Gushyira mu bikorwa igenzura rikomeye kandi rigezweho ni ingenzi mu kurinda ibikorwa remezo by’abakozi n’inganda mu gihe cy’ibikorwa by’inganda zikora ifumbire ya fosifeti.
Imashini zitanga umuvuduko wa Lonnmeter: Ibyiza n'ibisubizo by'ibicuruzwa
Utwuma twohereza umuvuduko wa Lonnmeter twubatswe kugira ngo duhuze n'ibikenewe mu nganda mu gukora aside fosforasi, duhangana n'imimerere ikomeye iboneka mu nganda zifumbira fosforasi. Imiterere yatwo ikomeye ya diaphragm n'ibikoresho bitose byagenewe by'umwihariko gukoreshwa igihe kirekire mu gushonga aside sulfurike, ikintu gisanzwe mu gukora aside fosforasi, no kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'imikorere rya buri gihe nta gutakaza ubuziranenge bw'ibipimo.
Hamwe n’uburyo bwo kwisuzuma, izi transmitters zihora zigenzura ubuzima bwazo, zigatanga umusaruro w’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwihuse. Ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi mu gukemura ibibazo byo kuziba kw’imyanda bikunze kugaragara mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi ikoreshwa mu buryo bw’amazi, aho uduce duto twa fosforasi n’ibindi bikomoka kuri yo nka calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) bikunze kwirundanya. Kumenya vuba ibyo bibazo byo kuziba bifasha kugabanya ibibazo byo kuziba kw’imikorere, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi mu kunoza imikorere rusange no gukomeza uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ifumbire ya fosforasi.
Izi transmitters zitanga ibipimo nyabyo, biba ingenzi mu gufata amazi yangiza cyangwa atera uburozi, nk'uko biboneka mu gihe cyo gutunganya aside mu buryo bwo gutunganya fosifate. Ibikoresho byazo bigezweho byo kubaka bituma ibikoresho by'ingenzi bibungabungwa igihe kirekire, bigabanya gukenera gusenya no gusukura kenshi—ahantu hakunze kubabara hafitanye isano n'ingaruka zo kubangamira ibidukikije mu gutunganya imiti. Uku kugabanya uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki bifasha mu buryo butaziguye gutunganya inshuro zo gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere muri rusange.
Guhuza Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters n'ibikoresho biyifasha—nk'ubwinshi bw'ibipimo, ubucucike, ubushyuhe, urwego, n'ubushyuhe—bitanga uburyo bwo gukurikirana buhuriweho kandi bushingiye ku makuru. Ubu buryo buhuza butuma habaho kumenya hakiri kare imiterere idasanzwe y'imikorere, nko kwiyongera k'umuvuduko cyangwa impinduka mu miterere, bishobora guteza ingaruka mbi ku mutekano cyangwa ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire ridakora neza. Ubu buryo bwongera uburyo bwo gukumira umwanda mu gukora aside fosforasi, bunoza itangwa ry'umutungo, kandi butuma habaho imicungire myiza y'ibikomoka kuri gypsum, bushyigikira iterambere rihoraho mu gukora ifumbire ya kalisiyumu superphosphate na monoammonium phosphate.
Binyuze mu gukurikirana mu buryo bufatika no gukemura ibibazo by’ingufu, Lonnmeter ikoresha umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi mu buryo buhuriweho ikemura ibibazo byihariye byo gukoresha aside sulfurike mu gukora aside phosphorike. Gukoresha kwayo bituma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga imyuka itwika n’itwika iboneka mu gihe cyo gutunganya phosphate, gutanga ubumenyi bufatika mu mikorere, no gutuma ibipimo bigerwaho neza ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane.
Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu busabwa n'inyungu zo kubikoresha
Utwuma twohereza igitutu mu murongo tugomba gushyirwa mu buryo bw'ingenzi ahantu h'ingenzi mu gihe cyose cyo gukora aside fosforasi. Mu nganda zifumbira fosforasi, aha hantu h'ingenzi ni umurongo w'ibiryo bya aside sulfurike, imvange y'ibisubizo, n'uturere two gusohora gypsum. Buri hantu harangwa n'imikorere itandukanye—kuva ku gutanga ibiryo mu buryo buhoraho kugeza ku bikorwa byihuse no gutandukanya ibirunga bigoye—bisaba kugenzura igitutu mu buryo bugezweho kandi bugezweho kugira ngo hagenzurwe neza umusaruro.
Gusubiramo ni ingenzi cyane ahantu hashobora gutera ibyago byinshi. Ahantu hakunze kubaho isuku nyinshi—nk'aho hagongana, aho havangavanga, n'aho imiyoboro ifunganye—ni ahantu hakunze kubura amazi, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gukora aside fosforasi ikoreshwa mu buryo butose no gukora ifumbire ya calcium superphosphate. Mu gushyiramo ibikoresho bipima ahantu hamwe muri aho hantu, amatsinda akora ashobora kubona ibintu bihindagurika bitewe n'aho bifungiranye cyangwa impanuka zibangamira ibidukikije, bigatuma ibipimo birushaho kuba byiza nubwo imiterere y'ibikorwa ihinduka cyangwa ibintu bikomeye bitangiye guhagarara.
Kugira ngo harusheho kunozwa uburyo ibintu bikorwamo, ni byiza gushyiraho ibikoresho bishyigikira hafi aho. Imashini zituma ibintu bishyirwa mu murongo kugira ngo bihuze neza, bigire ubucucike (harimo n'ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter), ubucucike, urwego rw'amazi, n'ubushyuhe bigomba guhurira hamwe mu buryo bumwe bw'imiti. Iyi gahunda ituma habaho kugenzura ibipimo byinshi. Urugero, mu gihe cy'ikorwa rya aside mu ifumbire ya monoammonium phosphate, igitutu cyo kurebera hamwe n'ubucucike n'ubucucike bifasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya mbere by'uko ibintu byangiritse cyangwa umwanda wiyongera mbere yuko imvura ya gypsum ikomeza gukurura ubucucike cyangwa igahagarika amazi.
Gukoresha neza ubu buryo bwo kugenzura bitanga inyungu zikomeye mu mikorere. Gushyiramo neza no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bikemura neza ikibazo cyo gukumira imyuka mibi mu ikorwa rya aside fosforasi, kugabanya ingaruka mbi ziterwa n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, no kugabanya gukenera gusenya no gusukura kenshi. Inshuro zo kubungabunga zigabanuka, bifasha kwirinda ihungabana rihenze mu mikorere no kongera igihe cyo kumara ibikoresho by’ingenzi. Kwemeza neza mu buryo buhuriweho mu buryo bugezweho mu bijyanye n’umuvuduko, ubucucike, n’ubushyuhe bituma gukemura ikibazo cyo kuziba kw’imyanda mu buryo bugezweho birushaho kuba byiza, bigamije umutekano—cyane cyane aho aside sulfure n’imyuka iturika birimo. Ibimera bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora kandi bigatanga uburyo bwiza mu mikorere y’inganda zifumbire mvaruganda ya fosforasi. Kugaragara neza kw’imikorere bifasha kubungabunga no kunoza imikorere mu gihe kirekire mu micungire y’ibikomoka kuri gypsum ya calcium sulfate dihydrate na gypsum zose mu nganda.
Umwanzuro: Kongera Umusaruro n'Umutekano mu Ikorwa rya aside fosifore
Gukurikirana igitutu mu buryo bwihuse ni ingenzi ku nganda zifumbira fosifori hagamijwe kongera imikorere myiza no kwemeza ko imikorere yazo itekanye mu buryo bwo gukora aside fosiforike. Gushyiramo imashini zitanga igitutu zigezweho—harimo n’izakozwe na Lonnmeter—bituma habaho gukusanya amakuru mu buryo buhoraho mu gihe cyose cyo gukora aside fosiforike ikoreshwa mu buryo buto n’ibindi bifitanye isano nko gukora ifumbire ya monoammonium fosiforike no gukora ifumbire ya calcium superphosphate. Gusoma igitutu neza kandi gihamye bituma amatsinda agenzura ibikorwa ashobora guhita asubiza ibibazo bidasanzwe, cyane cyane ibyo gukoresha aside sulfurike ivanze mu gihe cyo gukora aside cyangwa iyo akoresha imyuka itwika cyangwa iturika.
Utwuma twohereza umuvuduko wa Lonnmeter tugira uruhare runini mu kunoza inshuro zo kubungabunga no kugabanya igihe cyo kudakora. Mu gutanga amakuru meza kandi yizewe, utu dutuma dushyigikira ingamba zigabanya gukenera gusenya no gusukura kenshi, ndetse no mu bihe bishobora gutuma umwanda ufunga, kubangamira ibidukikije, no kwagura ubwinshi bw'ibikomoka kuri gypsum bya calcium sulfate dihydrate. Gupima neza mu nganda mu mikorere y'aside fosforiki bigira uruhare mu gutuma ibikoresho biramba kandi bigakora neza.
Gushyiramo ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko mu buryo bwihuse mu bice by'ingenzi by'umuyoboro bituma abakora ibikorwa byabo bakomeza kubahiriza amahame y'umutekano n'ibisabwa n'amategeko. Abakozi bo mu kigo barindwa binyuze mu bushobozi bwo kumenya no guhangana n'ibintu byangiza—ni ingenzi cyane iyo bakorana n'ibikoresho byangiza cyangwa byangiza cyane. Gukurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya no gukurikirana ibikorwa bya fosifeti ntibyoroshya imikorere gusa ahubwo binanongerera igenamigambi ry'igihe kirekire ryo kubungabunga ibikoresho by'ingenzi.
Amaherezo, gukoresha uburyo bwa Lonnmeter inline pressure transmitters bugezweho mu gihe cyose cyo gukora asidelysis biha abakora uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo by’imyanda mu buryo butunguranye. Bituma habaho imikorere ihamye nubwo haba hari imvururu, bigashyigikira ireme ry’umusaruro, kandi bigafasha inganda zifumbira fosfeti kongera umusaruro zidafite ingaruka ku mutekano cyangwa ubuziranenge bw’imikoreshereze.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
1. Ni gute kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi mu gihe nyacyo byongera uburyo bwo gukumira ifunga ry'imyanda mu gukora aside fosforasi?
Gukurikirana umuvuduko mu gihe nyacyo bitanga ishusho yihuse y'imiterere y'umuvuduko mu miyoboro ya aside sulfuriki ivanze mu gihe cyo gukora aside phosphoric ikoreshwa mu buryo butose. Ukwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kudasanzwe k'umuvuduko bigaragaza ko imyanda nk'ifu ya phosphate cyangwa kristale ya gypsum yirundanyije hakiri kare, bitera imihindagurikire y'ikirere kandi ni ibintu bisanzwe bihungabanya umuvuduko. Mu gusuzuma amakuru y'umuvuduko uhoraho, abakora bashobora kubona ibi bintu bidasobanutse mu gihe cya vuba, bakihutira gusukura cyangwa kuvura ibice byangiritse. Ubu buryo bugamije gukumira kuziba gukomeye, bugabanya ibyago byo gufunga by'inganda ku ngufu, kandi bukoroshya imicungire y'umwanda ugereranije no kugenzura bidakunze gukorwa buri gihe. Urugero, kwiyongera k'umuvuduko mu buryo butunguranye hejuru y'icyuma gipima akenshi bigaragaza ko hari ikintu kigiye gusohoka, bigatera igikorwa cyihuse cyo gukumira kuziba kwa calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum).
2. Kuki guhagarara kw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ari ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amazi aside sulfuriki?
Gupima igitutu gihamye ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo habeho isuzuma ry’aside neza no kugenzura igipimo cy’imyitwarire mu ikorwa rya aside fosforike mu nganda. Kudahuzagurika mu gupima igitutu bishobora gutera aside kugabanuka cyangwa gukabije, bigatera aside kugabanuka nabi, gutunganya phosphate ore idakora neza, cyangwa umusaruro w’ifumbire ya monoammonium phosphate na calcium superphosphate idakenewe. Kudahuzagurika nabyo bishobora kwangiza umutekano w’imikorere; ihindagurika rishobora kutagaragara kugeza igihe ritera amazi kumanuka cyangwa umunaniro w’ibikoresho. Kugumana igipimo gihamye cy’igitutu ni ingenzi cyane mu mikorere myiza, kugabanya kwangirika kw’ibinyabutabire, kuramba k’ibikoresho, no gucunga neza imyuka itwika n’iturika mu nganda zikora imiti.
3. Ese gupima igitutu mu buryo bw'umurongo bishobora kugabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga mu nganda zifumbire mvaruganda ya fosifeteri?
Utwuma twohereza umuvuduko twizewe kandi twizewe dushyigikira uburyo bwo kubungabunga inshuro nyinshi binyuze mu kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikorwa byo gusenya no gusukura kenshi. Bituma habaho ingamba zo kubungabunga zishingiye ku makuru nyayo y'imikorere aho kuba ku ngengabihe ihoraho. Urugero, iyo ibipimo by'umuvuduko bigumye mu ntera isanzwe, ababikora bashobora gusubika igenzura ryinjira mu kirere, bakagabanya igihe cyo gukora no guhura n'ibintu biteje akaga bitari ngombwa. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku nganda zifumbira fosifore zishaka kubungabunga ibikoresho bikorerwa aside fosifore igihe kirekire, kuko bigabanya ikiguzi n'ingaruka zo gusukura buri gihe.
4. Ni hehe hagomba gushyirwa imashini zitanga umuvuduko mu miyoboro ya aside sulfurike?
Ahantu ho gushyiramo imashini zitanga umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi zigomba guhitamo hibandwa ku buryo ibintu birushaho kuba byiza ndetse n’ibyago byo kuziba. Ahantu h’ingenzi harimo aho imiyoboro y’amazi n’aho isohora amazi—aho ibintu bihinduka—ndetse no hafi y’ahantu hakunze kuzura imyanda cyane bigatuma amazi agwa vuba. Gushyira imashini zitanga umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi mbere na nyuma y’aho amazi aturuka bifasha kugenzura itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko w’amazi, bigatuma haboneka ahantu hashobora kubura amazi cyangwa hagafatwa amazi adasanzwe aterwa no kwibumbira mu mashini zikoresha plasipu mu ntangiriro z’igihe. Ubu buryo bwiza bwo gukora uruganda rutanga ifumbire ya fosifeti bufasha gukomeza kugenzura imikorere myiza n’umutekano w’imikoreshereze y’amazi.
5. Ni ibihe bikoresho bindi biri mu murongo bigomba guherekeza imashini zitanga umuvuduko mu gukora aside fosforasi ikoreshwa mu mazi?
Uburyo bwuzuye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho buhuza ibikoresho byo kohereza umuvuduko hamwe n’ibipimo by’ubushyuhe, ubucucike, ubushyuhe, urwego, n’ubushyuhe. Ubu buryo bufite ibipimo byinshi bwongera uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa, butuma habaho uburyo bwo guhindura neza buri cyiciro—nk’uburyo bwo kugenzura neza igihe cyo gutanga aside cyangwa gukurikirana mu buryo nyabwo uburyo calcium sulfate dihydrate icungwa. Urugero, ibikoresho byo kohereza umuvuduko n’ubushyuhe bya Lonnmeter bitanga amakuru y’ingenzi ku buryo igitutu kigumana, byuzuza imiterere y’igitutu cyo gukemura ikibazo cy’imyanda. Iyo bikoreshejwe hamwe, ibi bikoresho birema uburyo bwuzuye butuma habaho ubwizigirwa mu mikorere, umutekano mu mikorere, no gutanga ifumbire ya monoammonium phosphate itanga umusaruro mwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 14-2026
