MKugabanya urugero rw'amazi mu bigega bikoreshwa n'inganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor bisaba ibisubizo byihanganira stress iterwa n'amazi, imikorere ihindagurika, no kugenzura ihumana cyane. Guhitamo ibipimo bigomba gushyira imbere kudahungabanya, gusubiza vuba kuri interineti, no kubungabunga bike kugira ngo birinde umusaruro n'igihe cyo gukora.
Gusohoka kuri interineti bihoraho bikwiranye no kugenzura ibikorwa no gufunga umutekano
Ibikoresho bihoraho kandi bisohoka mu gihe nyacyo ni ngombwa mu kugenzura ibikorwa no gushyira mu bikorwa umutekano mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo 4–20 mA hamwe na HART, Modbus, cyangwa Ethernet variants kugira ngo habeho guhuza PLC/DCS mu buryo butaziguye. Menya neza ko igikoresho gishyigikira uburyo bwo kudakora neza n'imyanzuro ishobora guhindurwa ku bijyanye n'imiterere yo hejuru/hasi, y'impinduka, n'ibura ry'ibimenyetso. Urugero: umusaruro uhoraho wa 4–20 mA uhujwe na solenoid yo gushyiramo tank-fill ubuza kuzuza cyane iyo urwego rwarenze urugero rw'umurongo ushobora gutegurwa.
Ubudahangarwa ku mwuka ushyushye, ifuro, umuyaga uhindagurika, n'imiterere y'itangazamakuru
Ibigega byo kubikamo ibintu bishyushye bitanga uburingiti bw'umwuka, imiterere y'ibintu, ndetse rimwe na rimwe no kuzura kw'ibintu mu gihe cyo kwimura ibintu. Hitamo ikoranabuhanga rifite ubudahangarwa bukomeye ku majwi atari yo n'ihungabana ry'ubuso.Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wo ku rwego rwa radarIkoranabuhanga na sisitemu zo kohereza amakuru ku rwego rwa radar y'amajwi ziyobowe zishobora kwanga gusubirana kw'amakuru atari ukuri iyo zikozwe neza. Shishikariza ko habaho uburyo bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso bushobora guhindurwa, kureba imiyoboro y'amajwi, no kuyungurura byinjijwemo kugira ngo hirindwe amakosa yo ku rwego aterwa n'umwuka, ifuro, cyangwa gusuka. Urugero: kohereza amakuru kuri radar ikoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso bugezweho yirengagiza urwego rw'umwuka rudahinduka mu gihe cyo kubira.
Igipimo cy'urwego rwa azote y'amazi
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Uburyo buke bwo kwinjira mu buryo bwa mekanike kandi nta bice bigenda
Gabanya ibyago byo kuva amazi no kuyabungabunga uhitamo sensor zidafite ibice bigenda kandi nke zinjira mu bigega byo kubikamo ibintu bidafite umwuka. Radar idakora ku kintu ishyizwe ku munwa wo hejuru isanzweho yirinda probes ndende kandi ikagabanya uruzitiro rw'ubushyuhe. Amahitamo ya radar y'umuraba iyobowe na probe ngufi ashobora gushyiramo flanges nto zisanzweho zidafite imyenge miremire. Garagaza ibikoresho n'ingano ya flange bihuye n'amakoti ya vacuum na cryogenic seal kugira ngo ukomeze ubusugire bwa tanki. Urugero: hitamo radar idakora ku kintu hejuru kugira ngo ukureho probe ndende yakwinjira mu kintu gikingira.
Gusuzuma, Kubungabunga Ibitekerezo, no Gukemura Ibibazo Byoroshye
Utwuma twohereza amakuru two ku rwego rwo hejuru tugomba kuba dufite uburyo bwo gusuzuma no gukosora ibibazo byoroshye kugira ngo twongere ubushobozi bwo kubona ibisubizo by'ibibazo. Gusaba gusuzuma amakuru muri ubwo buryo nko kwerekana echo-curve, ibipimo by'imbaraga z'ibimenyetso, kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho byo gusuzuma, n'ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ubushyuhe. Ubufasha bwo gusuzuma amakuru yo kure no kwandika amakosa byihutisha isesengura ry'impamvu nyamukuru. Amatangazo yo guhanura—nk'imbaraga z'ibimenyetso zo kwangirika cyangwa ibimenyetso by'uko icyuma gihumanya—bifasha gutegura gahunda yo gutabara mbere yo kuzimya. Urugero: icyuma cyohereza amakuru cyandika ku kugabanuka k'amajwi buhoro buhoro gishobora gutuma habaho gusukurwa mbere yuko ikintu kinanirwa.
Ubushobozi bwo gupima urwego rw'imikorere mu buryo butandukanye
Gupima imiyoboro mu bintu bipima amazi/umwuka cyangwa imiterere y’ibice byashyizwe mu byiciro bisaba ubuhanga bushobora gukemura itandukaniro rito rya dielectric. Ikoranabuhanga rya transmitter ku rwego rwa GWR n'ibikoresho biyobora radiator ku rwego rwa wave bireba aho dielectric contrast iri hagati y’ibice. Ku bijyanye na azote y’amazi, dielectric contrast iri hagati y’ibice n’umwuka igabanya ubushobozi bwo kureba aho bihurira; gabanya ibi ukoresheje ibipimo byuzuzanya. Huza radar/GWR hamwe n’ubushyuhe, umuvuduko utandukanye, cyangwa senseri nyinshi zigenga kugira ngo wemeze aho bihurira. Urugero: koresha probe ya GWR kugira ngo umenye aho ibice bihurira n’amavuta/LN2 mu gihe radar iri hejuru igenzura urwego rw’ibice.
Guhuza na Jeometri ya Tank, Gushyiraho umurongo, no Guhuza na Sisitemu zo Kugenzura Ibikoresho
Uburyo bwo guhuza sensor n'ibigega byo kubikamo ibintu bishyushye bivamo umwuka n'imizingo ihari. Emeza uburyo bwo gushyiraho ibikoresho byo hejuru, ku ruhande, cyangwa bigufi. Gushyiraho umurongo bivuga sensor ntoya zijyanye n'imiyoboro isanzwe cyangwa imiyoboro mito idafite probe ndende; emeza ibishushanyo bya mekanike n'umurambararo muto w'imizingo mbere yo guhitamo. Menya neza ko amashanyarazi n'itumanaho bihuye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'uruganda kugira ngo kuzuza no gusohora tanki mu buryo buhoraho. Saba insinga zanditseho, imiterere y'ibimenyetso, n'uburyo bwo gushingira ku butaka busabwa mu bidukikije bishyushye. Urugero: hitamo probe ntoya iyobowe na radar ijyanye n'umuzingo wa santimetero 1.5 kandi igatanga 4–20 mA/HART kuri DCS yo hagati.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Radar y'Umugezi Uyobowe (GWR) — ihame ry'imikorere n'imbaraga
Ihame ryo gupima
GWR yohereza ingufu nke, mikoroonde ya nanosecond imanuka mu cyuma gipima. Iyo umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi uhuye n'umupaka ufite dielectric constant itandukanye, igice cy'ingufu kigarura umwuka. Iyi transmitter ipima igihe cyo gutinda hagati y'imivuduko yoherejwe n'igaruka kugira ngo ibare intera iri hagati y'amazi. Kuva kuri iyo ntera ibarura urwego rwose cyangwa urwego rw'aho ihurira. Ubukana bw'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi buriyongera uko dielectric constant y'umusaruro yiyongera.
Imbaraga zo kubikamo ibigega bikoresha umwuka ushyushye na LN2
GWR itanga ingero z’urwego rutaziguye nta mpamvu yo kwishyura ubucucike, ubwinshi bw’amazi, ubukana, pH, ubushyuhe, cyangwa impinduka z’umuvuduko. Uku kumererwa neza kw’ibisubizo bya azote y’amazi mu bigega bibikamo ibintu bidafite umwuka, aho imiterere y’amazi n’imiterere y’umwuka bikunze gutandukana. GWR imenya ahantu hahurira amazi n’umwuka n’amazi, bityo ikora mu gupima urwego rwa azote y’amazi no kugenzura aho ihurira mu buryo buhoraho bwo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro mu bigega.
Ubuyobozi bw'imashini zigenzura ingufu za mikoroonde ku gice cy'imashini. Uku gufunga bituma ibipimo bitareba imiterere y'ikigega, ibikoresho by'imbere, n'imiterere y'ikigega gito. Ubwo buryo buyobowe n'imashini zigabanya ubushobozi bwo kumva imiterere y'icyumba kandi bukoroshya gushyira mu bikoresho bikomeye cyangwa bigoye bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda zikora wafer n'inganda zikora semiconductor.
GWR ikora kandi mu bihe bigoye. Igumana ubuziranenge mu mwuka, ivumbi, umukungugu, n'ifuro. Ibyo bituma GWR iba igikoresho gifatika cyo gupima ku rwego rwo kuri interineti aho uburyo bwo gupima budasaba kwivanga bukunda. Bityo, ikoranabuhanga rya GWR rikoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi bwo gupima ku rwego rw'amazi aho uburyo bwo kubona cyangwa bwo kureremba bunanirana.
Kwemeza inganda
Isoko ryigenga ry’inganda ryemera ko gupima urwego rwa radar ari ingirakamaro mu bihe bikomeye. Ibikoresho bya radar bitanga uburyo bwo gupima neza no kwizerwa bituma biba amahitamo meza kuruta ibikoresho byinshi bikoresha mu gutunganya no kubika.
Akamaro ko gutunganya imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga n'imikorere y'inganda
GWR ihuzwa na sisitemu yo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro mu buryo buhoraho nk'igikoresho cyo gupima urwego rwa interineti. Ishyigikira gupima urwego rwa azote y'amazi mu miyoboro y'ibikorwa idasubiwemo kenshi kugira ngo habeho ubucucike cyangwa impinduka z'ubushyuhe. Ibyo bigabanya kubungabunga ariko bikanabungabunga neza urwego rw'imikorere y'ubucucike mu nganda zikora wafer n'izindi nganda zikora semiconductor.
Kuki wahitamo imashini zitanga ubutumwa za GWR zikoreshwa mu gutunganya azote y'amazi mu nganda zikora wafer?
Ikoranabuhanga rya radiateri y’umuraba (GWR) rikoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo buhamye rigumana ubuziranenge buhamye mu bihe bihindagurika. Itandukaniro rikomeye rya dielectric hagati ya azote y’amazi n’umwuka w’umwuka ritanga ishusho isobanutse ya radiateri. Ibipimo bishingiye ku bushakashatsi bikomeza gusubirwamo nubwo ubushyuhe buri hasi n’impinduka mu mikorere.
Imashini zipima GWR ntizigira ibice bigenda. Kutagira uburyo bwa mekanike bigabanya inshuro zo kongera gukoresha ibyuma kandi bigabanya ibyago byo gukora uduce duto. Ibyo bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor aho bisaba ko ibintu byose bisukurwa neza.
Uburyo bwo gushyiraho icyuma cyo hejuru cyangwa icyo hagati bugabanya kwinjira mu buryo bw'imikorere n'ubushobozi bwo kuva. icyuma cyo hejuru gishyirwa ku gisenge cy'ubwato gikoresha uburyo bumwe bwo kwinjira ku gisenge cy'ubwato. icyuma cyo hagati gishyirwa mu mwanya muto cyangwa igice cyo hejuru, bigatuma byoroha gukuraho hatabayeho guhindura ubwato bunini. Urugero: gushyiramo icyuma gikoresha radar y'amajwi ku gikoresho cyo kubikamo amazi gikoresheje umwuka ushyushye unyuze kuri 1.5.
Imashini iyobora umuraba ya Lonnmeter ikoresha Radar y'umuraba iri ku murongo
Ubushobozi bwo gupima no kwizera ibinyobwa bihumanya ikirere
Utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresha uburyo bwa Lonnmeter dukoresha microwave ikoresha probe-guided pulse kugira ngo dukurikirane ubuso bw'amazi hamwe no gusubiramo kwa sub-milimetero. Igishushanyo mbonera cya probe no gutunganya echo bikoresha ibyuma bipima dielectric nke n'ibirahuri by'umwuka bikunze gukoreshwa mu bisubizo bya azote y'amazi. Mu nganda zikora wafer n'inganda zikora semiconductor, ibi bitanga imiterere ihoraho mu bigega bibikamo ibintu bifunze neza kandi bidafite umwuka ndetse na sisitemu yo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro mu bigega.
Icyemezo cy'umutekano ku bikoresho byo ku rwego rwa SIL2 mu gihe birinda kongerwamo ibindi bikoresho
Iyi transmitter ifite icyemezo cy’umutekano cya SIL2, bityo ikaba yemerera gukoreshwa mu byuma bikoresha umutekano hatabayeho kongeramo ibikoresho bitandukanye by’umutekano. Imiterere yayo y’umurongo umwe irinda ubusugire bw’ikigega cy’amazi, ikagabanya inzira zo kuva mu bigega bibikamo ibintu bidafite umwuka ushyushye. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kugerwaho n’ibikorwa by’ingenzi mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor aho kubungabunga ubusugire bw’amazi no kuyashyira mu kirere ari ngombwa.
Imashini itanga amakuru menshi igabanya umubare w'ibikoresho n'uburyo bikoreshwa mu gukora
Radar ya Lonnmeter ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rihindagurika ry’amajwi itanga urwego hamwe n’izindi mpinduka z’imikorere y’igikoresho kimwe. Guhuza urwego, imiterere/ubucucike n’isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe cyangwa ubucucike bikuraho ibikoresho bitandukanye. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rike binoza ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho bivamo umwuka, bigabanya akazi ko gushyiraho, kandi bigagabanya ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi ku rwego rw’amazi.
Gusuzuma byubatswemo, kubungabunga ibintu mbere y'igihe, no gukemura ibibazo byoroshye
Isuzuma ry’ibikoresho biri mu bwato rikurikirana ubwiza bw’ikimenyetso, imiterere y’isuzuma, n’uburyo imikorere y’isesengura ihagaze mu gihe nyacyo. Imenyesha ry’igihe ibintu bizabera rigaragaza ko imikorere yabyo yangiritse mbere yuko binanirana, rigagabanya igihe cyo gukora kitateganijwe n’igihe cyo gusana. Abatekinisiye bashobora gukoresha ibimenyetso bya echo bibitswe kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo biri mu buryo bwo kuzuza no gusohora ikigega nta kubangamira igenzura.
Yagenewe ibigega bito n'imiterere y'ijimetero igoye; ikora mu mwuka ushyushye, mu muvuduko, no mu ifuro
Imashini iyobora hamwe n'uburyo bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso bugezweho bikwiranye n'imiyoboro migufi kandi ifunze. Iyi transmitter imenya neza uburebure bw'imiyoboro mito, imitsi mito, n'imiterere idasobanutse iboneka mu miyoboro itwara ibikoresho bya LN2. Itandukanya kandi amazi nyayo aturuka ku mwuka, umuyaga, n'ifuro, bigatuma biba ingirakamaro mu gupima urwego rwa azote y'amazi mu miterere y'ibimera bikomeye.
Microwave ifite imbaraga nke igabanya ubushyuhe n'ingaruka mbi mu byuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga
Imiyoboro ya microwave ikoresha ingufu nke igabanya ubushyuhe bwo mu gace kandi ikagabanya kubira kw'amazi mu gihe cyo gupima amazi ashyushye. Ibi bigabanya kubangamira azote y'amazi kandi bigakomeza ubushyuhe mu bigega bibikamo amazi ashyushye. Ubu buryo burinda ububiko bwa cryogen kandi bugashyigikira imikorere ihamye mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor byoroheje.
Ingero zashyizwe hejuru: mu ruganda rukora wafer, icyuma kimwe cya Lonnmeter gikoresha radar gishobora gusimbuza sensor y’urwego n’icyuma gipima ubucucike mu gice gito cya LN2 dewar, bigatuma kimwe kijya mu rukuta rw’ikigega, kandi kigatanga amakuru amenyesha mbere y’igihe ibintu bibuza ko umusaruro uhagarara. Muri sisitemu yo kuzuza no gusohora ikigega, igikoresho kimwe gikomeza kugenzura neza urugero binyuze mu bipfundikizo by’umwuka n’ifuro rihoraho nta kongeramo ubushyuhe kuri cryogen.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho no guhuza ibigega byo kubikamo ibintu bishyushya amazi bivamo umwuka
Ingamba zo gushyiraho: probe iri mu murongo ugereranije no hejuru no hasi
Ibikoresho byo hejuru bigabanya kwinjira mu gikapu cy'umwuka kandi bigabanya inzira zisohoka. Bishyira sensor hagati mu kigega kandi bigabanya guhura n'indege zinjira. Bikoresha hejuru bigabanya iyo imiterere y'ikigega n'uburyo bwo kubona serivisi byemereye.
Imashini zifata umurongo (ku ruhande) zorohereza abantu kuzikoresha mu kubungabunga kandi zishobora gushyirwa hafi y’imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibintu kugira ngo zigenzurwe neza. Imashini zifata umurongo wo hejuru zongera umubare w’imashini zinjira kandi zisaba gufunga neza no kuzihuza kugira ngo zigumane ubuziranenge bw’imashini zikoresha umwuka. Hitamo uburyo bwo kuzishyiraho umurongo wo hejuru iyo serivisi ishoboka cyangwa guhuza n’imirongo ikomeza kuzuza no gusohora umuriro ari ingenzi cyane.
Kuringaniza icyemezo ukurikije ibi bintu: umubare w’aho umwuka wangiritse, uburyo bworoshye bwo kuwubungabunga, ibikoresho by’imbere mu ruganda, n’uburyo aho igipimo giherereye bigira ingaruka ku buryo gusoma bihoraho mu gihe cy’amazi aturuka mu nganda zikora wafer n’inganda zikora semiconductor.
Ibitekerezo byo gufunga no gushyiramo flange kugira ngo habungabungwe ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho bivamo umwuka
Uburyo bwose bwo kwinjira bugomba kuba bufite ishingiro ry’ubushyuhe bukabije kandi bugatuza stress ku bushyuhe bukabije. Hitamo imigozi y’icyuma kuva ku cyuma kugera ku cyuma cyangwa sisitemu za gasket zikoreshwa mu gushyuha kenshi. Irinde imigozi ya polymer keretse iyo ifite ishingiro ry’ubushyuhe bukabije kuri -196 °C.
Koresha uburyo bwo kohereza ibikoresho aho bishoboka kugira ngo ushyireho ibikoresho bihoraho. Aho bikenewe ko ibikoresho bikurwaho, shyiramo icyuma gipima imvange gifite aho gitembera cyangwa icyuma gitera imvange gifite aho gitembera cyagenewe imvange. Shyiraho ibyuma bipima imvange iruhande rw'ibyuma bipima imvange kugira ngo urebe neza niba imvange y'imvange ikora neza nyuma yo kuyishyiraho.
Kora ibyuma bifunga kugira ngo bifashe ubushyuhe. Shyiramo ibintu byoroshye cyangwa amaboko anyerera kugira ngo wirinde stress aho yinjira mu gihe cyo gukonjesha. Menya neza ko ibikoresho bifunga ibyuma bifunguye bishobora kuboneka hatabayeho gucikamo agapira k'ubushyuhe aho bishoboka.
Uburebure bw'isuzuma n'uburyo ibikoresho bifatwa kugira ngo bihuze n'uburyo cryogenic ikoreshwa
Hitamo ibikoresho bigumana ubushobozi bwo gukora neza kandi bikarinda gushwanyagurika ku bushyuhe bwa azote y'amazi. Ibyuma bitagira umugese bihuza na cryogenic (urugero, metallurgy ya 316L) ni ibisanzwe ku byuma bipima. Tekereza ku byuma bipima ubushyuhe buke ku byuma bipima igihe kirekire cyane kugira ngo ugabanye ingendo hagati ya probe na tanki.
Uburebure bw'igipimo bugomba kugera neza mu gikoresho cy'imbere kiri munsi y'urugero rw'amazi rwitezweho kandi hejuru y'agace k'amazi ko hasi. Irinde ibikoresho bikora ku gice cyo hasi cy'igipimo cyangwa ku bipimo by'imbere. Ku gikoresho kirekire gikingira umwuka, tanga uburyo bwo gushyuha bwa milimetero nyinshi kuri metero imwe y'uburebure bw'igipimo.
Ku bijyanye no gushyiraho uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru bukoresha radar y’umuraba, koresha ibikoresho by’inkoni bihamye cyangwa ibikoresho by’insinga bipima agaciro kabyo kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu buryo bw’ubushyuhe. Ibikoresho by’insinga bishobora gukusanya ubushyuhe cyangwa urubura kandi ntibikundwa cyane mu bigega bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi. Garagaza neza imiterere y’ubuso n’ubwiza bwabyo kugira ngo wirinde ahantu hashobora gushingwa urubura.
Urugero: umuyoboro w'imbere wa metero 3.5 ushobora gukenera probe ya metero 3.55–3.60 kugira ngo harebwe ipfundo n'ubugari bw'urukiramende rushyirwamo. Emeza ingano za nyuma ku bushyuhe buteganijwe bwo gukora.
Guhuza n'uburyo bwo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro buri gihe
Shyira sensor iri ku rwego kure y’aho indege zinjira n’aho zisohokera kugira ngo wirinde ko imiterere y’amakuru atari yo yahinduka. Nk’uko bisanzwe, shakisha nibura ibyuma bifite umurambararo umwe wa tanki uhereye ku byambu binini by’aho indege zinjira cyangwa aho zisohokera, cyangwa inyuma y’aho indege zihagarara. Niba imbogamizi z’umwanya zikubujije, koresha sensor nyinshi cyangwa ukoreshe uburyo bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso kugira ngo uhakane amajwi y’igihe gito.
Irinde gushyiramo probe mu muyoboro wuzuye. Mu buryo buhoraho bwo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro, imiterere y’ibice by’ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe bishobora kubaho; shyira sensor aho ipima amazi menshi avanze neza, akenshi hafi y’umurongo wo hagati w’umuyoboro cyangwa mu mwobo utogosheje. Icyobo cyo gutogoshesha cyangwa umuyoboro wo hagati bishobora gutandukanya sensor n’amazi atemba kandi bikanoza uburyo bwo kuyitwara mu gihe cyo kwimura vuba.
Ku nganda zikora wafer aho azote y'amazi ikomeza gutangwa mu gihe cyo gusukura ibikoresho, shyiraho ahantu ho gupima n'amafiriti kugira ngo wirengagize imiterere y'igihe gito. Koresha uburyo bwo gupima, gukosora amadirishya, cyangwa gukoresha uburyo bwo gukurikirana mu buryo bw'amajwi mu musaruro wa transmitter kugira ngo uhagarike inzibutso z'ibinyoma zituruka ku misemburo migufi.
Gukoresha insinga, gufunga no gupima EMC kugira ngo imikorere ya radar irusheho kuba myiza
Koresha insinga z'ibimenyetso unyuze mu nzira zikoreshwa mu gusohora umwuka hamwe n'uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe n'uburyo bwo guhindura ubushyuhe. Koresha insinga zikingiye, zigoranye cyangwa zikozwe mu buryo bwa coaxial nk'uko ikoranabuhanga rya radar ryatoranyije ribisaba. Gira ko insinga zigenda vuba kandi wirinde kuzihambiraho n'insinga z'amashanyarazi.
Shyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura ubutaka bufite ingingo imwe ku bikoresho bipima n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho imiyoboro y'ubutaka. Shyira ingabo ku butaka ku mpera imwe gusa keretse ubuyobozi bw'uruganda bubitegetse ukundi. Shyiraho ibikoresho bikingira umuvuduko w'amazi n'ibikoresho bigabanya umuvuduko w'amazi ku nsinga ndende zinyura mu busitani cyangwa ahantu hakoreshwa ibikoresho.
Gabanya uburyo bwo kubangamira amashanyarazi binyuze mu gutandukanya insinga za sensor n'imodoka zikoresha frequency ihindagurika, moteri zitanga umuriro, n'imodoka zifite voltage nyinshi. Koresha ferrite cores na conduit aho bikenewe. Ku bijyanye no gushyiraho transmitter ya wave radar, komeza uburyo bwo kugumana impedance ku buryo busanzwe ku buryo bwo kujyana amakuru no ku buryo bwo guhuza amakuru kugira ngo ukomeze ubusugire bw'ibimenyetso.
Gahunda yo gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi (uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi mu byiciro busabwa)
Icyiciro cy'isuzuma: ubushakashatsi ku mashini zitwara ibigega, imiterere y'ibikorwa, n'ibisabwa mu buryo bwo kugenzura
Tangira n'isuzuma ry'ikigega. Andika imiterere y'ikigega, aho amazi anyura, intera iri hagati y'ibikoresho bifasha mu gushyushya, n'aho ibikoresho bihagarara. Menya aho icyuma gikoresha umwuka gihagarara n'ibiraro by'ubushyuhe bigira ingaruka ku ishyirwa ry'ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga.
Imiterere y'ibikorwa byo gufata harimo igitutu gisanzwe n'igikomeye cy'imikorere, ubushyuhe bw'aho umwuka uturuka, igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi, n'umuvuduko utegerejwe cyangwa kwiyongera mu gihe cy'uburyo buhoraho bwo kuzuza no gusohora amashanyarazi. Andika imiterere ikoreshwa mu nganda zikora wafer n'inganda zikora semiconductor.
Sobanura ibisabwa na sisitemu yo kugenzura hakiri kare. Garagaza ubwoko bw'ibimenyetso (4 20 mA, HART, Modbus), inzogera zitandukanye, n'ibipimo byitezwe byo kuvugurura ibikoresho byo gupima ku rwego rwo kuri interineti. Garagaza imirongo ikenewe yo kugena neza n'urwego rw'ubuziranenge bw'umutekano.
Ibisabwa mu isuzuma bigomba kuba birimo urupapuro rw'aho ibintu bigarukira, ibishushanyo byo gushyiraho, urutonde rw'uburyo bwo gupima budakoresha uburyo bwo kugabanya ubukana bw'ibintu, na matrix ya I/O y'uburyo bwo kugenzura.
Gushyiraho umupilote: kwemeza ikigega kimwe no gupima uburyo bwo gushyiramo umuriro mu buryo buhoraho mu gihe cyo kuzuza/gusohora umuriro
Gereza ku kigega kimwe gikingira umwuka gishyushye. Shyiramo icyuma gitanga amakuru cyatoranijwe hanyuma ukore ingendo zose z'imikorere. Emeza urugero rw'amazi mu bigega mu gihe cy'uburyo buhoraho bwo kuzuza no gusohora amazi, harimo no kuzuza vuba no gutemba buhoro buhoro.
Koresha igikoresho cyo gupima kugira ngo ugereranye ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza amashanyarazi ku rwego rwa radar, imikorere yo kohereza amashanyarazi ku rwego rwa radar, n'izindi kohereza amashanyarazi ku rwego rwo hejuru mu kirere kimwe mu gihe bishoboka. Andika igihe cyo gusubiza, gutuza, no kwihanganira umwuka, ifuro, cyangwa guhumeka. Kuri radar yo kohereza amashanyarazi ku rwego rwo hejuru, menya neza ko ibikoresho bya probe byihanganira guhindagurika kw'amazi kandi ko amashanyarazi afunga neza.
Kora ibizamini byo guhuza ibikoresho hamwe na PLC cyangwa DCS. Emeza aho ibipimo by'ibura ry'ibitero bihagarara, aho bihurira, aho ibimenyetso by'amateka bihagarara, n'aho gusuzuma ibintu biri kure. Kora nibura ibyumweru bibiri byo gusiganwa ku magare avanze kugira ngo ufate ibimenyetso by'ibitero. Kusanya ibikorwa by'ibanze bijyanye n'ukuri, imihindagurikire y'ikirere, n'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga.
Urugero: mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, koresha ikizamini cy’igerageza mu gihe gisanzwe cy’amasaha 24. Ingufu zitanga umusaruro ugereranije n’ingano y’amazi akoreshwa mu nganda zizwi ndetse n’igenzura rya kabiri ry’ibipimo. Kugenzura amakosa mu gihe cy’amazi menshi aturuka mu nganda.
Gushyira ahagaragara: gukwirakwiza byuzuye kuri interineti y'ububiko bw'amakuru adafite ishingiro hamwe n'imiterere n'isuzumabumenyi bisanzwe
Shyiraho imiterere y'igikoresho cyatoranijwe nyuma yo kwemeza icyitegererezo. Gufunga uburebure bwa probe, flange zo gushyiramo, insinga z'amashanyarazi, n'igenamiterere rya transmitter. Kora paki yo gushyiraho ifite imiterere, imiterere y'uruhererekane, n'igenamiterere rya calibration kuri buri ngano ya tanki.
Koresha uburyo bwo gusuzuma no gutanga amakuru ku buryo buhoraho ku matangi yose. Menya neza ko buri gikoresho cyo gupima ku rwego rwo kuri interineti kigaragaza imiterere ya echo, ibimenyetso byo kwipimisha, n'uko ubuzima buhagaze kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Gusuzuma bisanzwe byihutisha gukemura ibibazo mu matangi menshi yo kubikamo ibintu bidafite umwuka uhagije.
Teganya ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'imiraba kugira ngo ugabanye ikibazo cy'imikorere. Teganya ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihe cy'amadirishya ateganyijwe yo gusana. Shyiramo ibikoresho byo gusimbura, ibikoresho byo gupima, n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bipima cryogenic. Vugurura amakarita y'umuyoboro n'inyandiko za I/O kuri buri sensor yashyizwe ahagaragara.
Urugero rw'uburyo bwo gusohora: banza ushyireho ibikoresho by'ingenzi, hanyuma ushyireho ibindi bikoresho byo kubikamo. Emeza buri muraba ukoresheje iminsi ibiri yo kugenzura imikorere nyuma yo kuwushyiraho hakurikijwe imiterere isanzwe yo kuzuza/gusohora.
Gutanga no guhugura: amahugurwa ku bakoresha no kubungabunga hamwe n'abashinzwe kugenzura no gukemura ibibazo by'umutekano.
Tanga amahugurwa y’abakoresha ajyanye na SOP. Wite ku igenzura rya buri munsi ku gipimo cya azote y’amazi, igisubizo cy’intabaza, no gusobanura umwimerere w’amajwi. Toza abakoresha kumenya uburyo busanzwe bwo gucika intege nko gutakaza amajwi, imiterere idahamye mu gihe cy’ihindagurika ry’amajwi, n’ibibazo by’insinga.
Tanga amahugurwa yo kubungabunga yibanda ku mutekano uterwa n'amashanyarazi, kugenzura imashini, uburyo bwo gupima, n'intambwe zo gusimbuza. Shyiramo imyitozo yo gukuraho no kongera gushyiramo imashini cyangwa seriveri zidakoresha sensor ariko zitagira aho zibogamiye mu gihe ukomeza gukoresha vacuum cleaner.
Tanga inyandiko zisobanutse neza za SOP. SOP zigomba gushyira ku rutonde inzira zikurikirana zo: kwemeza neza uburyo transmitter ikora, gukora isuzuma ry'aho ikorera, gutandukanya no gusimbuza transmitter, no kongera amakosa ahoraho. Shyiramo ingero z'uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo: tangira ukoresheje ingufu n'ikimenyetso, hanyuma ukoreshe ubwiza bwa echo, hanyuma ukoreshe igenzura rya mekanike.
Komeza ushyireho urutonde rw'amahugurwa n'ibimenyetso by'ubushobozi. Teganya amasomo yo kwisubiramo buri gihe ajyanye n'igihe cyo gupima.
Saba ikiguzi / Guhamagarira igikorwa
Saba ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho byo kohereza ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter Guided Wave Radar mu gihe ukeneye gupima neza urugero rwa azote y'amazi mu nganda zikora wafer cyangwa mu bigega byo kubikamo ibintu bishyushye. Garagaza ko ikoreshwa rikubiyemo uburyo bwo kuzuza no gusohora amazi buri gihe kugira ngo icyifuzo gihuze n'imikorere nyayo.
Mu gihe utegura icyifuzo cy'igiciro, shyiramo amakuru y'ingenzi yerekeye inzira n'uburyo bwo gukora. Tanga:
Ubwoko bw'ikigega n'ingano yacyo (urugero: ikigega gikingira umwuka gishyushye, litiro 5.000), icyuma gikoresha azote y'amazi, n'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'imikorere;
igipimo cy’ingufu zihoraho zo kuzuza no gusohora, imikorere isanzwe y’akazi, n’imiterere y’ingufu zitezwe cyangwa igabanuka ry’amazi;
aho urubuga rushyirwa, ibyambu bihari, n'imiterere y'aho urubuga ruherereye;
intera ikenewe yo gupima, ubwiza n'ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo, hamwe n'ibipimo by'impagarara/aho bigeze;
ibyo gukoresha ibikoresho bihuye n'ibyo umuntu ashaka ndetse n'ibindi byose bibangamira isuku cyangwa umwanda ku nganda zikora wafer;
gushyira mu byiciro ahantu hashobora guteza akaga hamwe n'amategeko ayo ari yo yose agenga ishyirwaho ry'ibikoresho.
Kugira ngo usabe ikiguzi cyangwa utegure ikizamini cy’igerageza, kusanya ibintu byavuzwe haruguru hanyuma ubishyire mu buryo bwo gutanga amasoko cyangwa aho ukorera. Amakuru asobanutse neza yihutisha ingano kandi atuma igitekerezo cy’uburyo bwo kohereza ingano y’amazi gihuye n’uburyo bwo kohereza ingano y’amazi mu nganda zikora wafer na sisitemu zo kubikamo ibintu bidafite aho bihuriye.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo gupima urugero rwa azote y'amazi mu gikoresho cyo mu ruganda rukora wafer?
Utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya radar (GWR) dupima LN2 mu buryo burambuye kandi butari ubwa mashini mu nganda zikora wafer. Dukoresha icyuma gipima amakuru gikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya micro-onded, gikomeye mu kurwanya umwuka ushyushye, umuyaga uhindagurika, n'imiterere y'ibigega bito. Ku bigega byo kubikamo ibintu bidafite umwuka ushyushye, shyiramo icyuma gifunga neza kandi gifunze neza kugira ngo ukomeze gukoresha neza icyuma gishyushye.
Ese transmitter yo mu rwego rwa radar iyoborwa ishobora gukora mu gihe cyo kuzuza no gusohora umuriro buri gihe?
Yego. GWR yagenewe gupima buri gihe kuri interineti kandi ikomeza gupima urwego rw'ingufu mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bihindagurika. Gushyira neza probe, gutunganya imiterere y'igikoresho n'ahantu hadakoreshejwe neza, no kugenzura echo birinda amajwi atari yo aterwa n'amazi. Urugero: tunganya transmitter nyuma yo kuyikoresha mu gihe kuzuza ku gipimo ntarengwa cy'amazi mu ruganda kugira ngo hemezwe amajwi adahindagurika.
Ni gute transmitter yo mu rwego rwa GWR igereranywa n'ibipima bidahuza na azote y'amazi?
GWR yohereza imirasire ya microwave ikoresheje icyuma gipima, igatanga amajwi akomeye kandi ahoraho mu gihe cy'umwuka n'ikirere gihindagurika. Radar idakora ku buryo bufatika ishobora gukora ariko ishobora kugorwa no mu matangi akomeye cyangwa aho imiterere y'imbere igaragaza ibimenyetso. Mu matangi afite imbogamizi z'imbere cyangwa imiterere mito, GWR ikunze gutanga amajwi meza kandi ahindagurika neza kuri LN2.
Ese umuyoboro wa radar uyoborwa n'amaza uzagira ingaruka ku buziranenge bw'imyanda mu byuma bicukura ibikoresho ...
Iyo ishyizwemo nk'icyuma gikwirakwiza amazi kiri mu murongo gifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira buhoro buhoro no gufunga neza, GWR igabanya umubare w'amazi yose ugereranije n'ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye. Uburyo bwo kwinjira buke bugabanya inzira zisohoka kandi bugafasha mu kubungabunga uburyo bwo kwinjira. Koresha ibyuma bisukwa cyangwa ibikoresho byo gufunga amazi bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru hamwe n'ibifunga byujuje ubuziranenge kugira ngo wirinde kwangiza uburyo bwo kwinjira mu mashini.
Ese imashini ziyobora radar zikenera kongera gupima cyangwa kubungabunga mu gihe cyo gutanga serivisi zijyanye n'amajwi?
Oya. Ibikoresho bya GWR nta bice byimuka kandi akenshi bikenera kongera gupimwa. Gusuzuma byubatswemo no kugenzura amajwi bituma habaho igenzura rishingiye ku miterere y'amajwi. Gukora igenzura rya buri gihe rya echo spectrum no kugenzura imiterere y'amajwi n'amajwi mu gihe cyo kuzimya amajwi.
Ese imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwa radar zitekanye gukoreshwa mu bidukikije bifite ubushobozi bwo gupima ikirere?
Yego. Utwuma twohereza amakuru ku rwego rwa radar dukora ku ngufu nke za mikoroonde kandi nta ngaruka dufite. Uburyo buke bwo kwinjiramo no kumva ibintu bidahungabanya ibidukikije bifasha kubungabunga ahantu hagenzurwa n'umwanda. Garagaza ibikoresho bifite isuku, ibikoresho byo gupima bishobora gusukurwa, n'uburyo bukwiye bwo kurinda kwinjira mu kirere iyo ushyize hafi y'ahantu hasukuye.
Nigute nahitamo hagati y'ubwoko bwa transmitter yo ku rwego rwa GWR n'ubundi bwoko bwa transmitter yo ku rwego rw'amazi kuri LN2?
Koresha urutonde rw'ibintu bihitamo rushyira imbere uburinganire bw'ibikomoka ku mwuka, umusaruro uhoraho kuri interineti, gukomera ku mwuka n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, kwinjira bike, gusuzuma, n'ubushobozi bwo guhuza. Ku bigega byinshi bya wafer fab cryogenic, GWR yujuje ibi bipimo. Tekereza imiterere y'ibigega, imbogamizi z'imbere, ndetse niba hakenewe gupimwa ibipimo byinshi.
Ni hehe nabona ubufasha bwo gushyiramo imashini iyobora radar y’urwego rw’umuraba muri sisitemu yanjye yo kugenzura uruganda?
Hamagara itsinda ry’abakora porogaramu zikora porogaramu zitanga serivisi zo guhuza, kugira ngo bagufashe mu guhuza porogaramu, kugira ngo bagufashe mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo kuyitunganya, no gushyiraho urutonde rw’ibikoresho. Bashobora gufasha mu kugenzura amajwi, gushyiraho ubutaka, no gukora ikarita ya DCS/PLC. Ku bijyanye n’ubucucike bw’imirongo cyangwa ibipimo bya viscosity bikoreshwa hamwe n’ibipimo by’urwego, hamagara Lonnmeter kugira ngo umenye ibisobanuro birambuye ku bicuruzwa n’inkunga ikoreshwa ku bipimo bya vitero.
Ni ibihe bipimo by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma imiterere y'amazi bigomba gupimwa hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima ingano ya azote y'amazi?
Genzura imbaraga za echo na echo profile kugira ngo urebe ko hari impinduka zihamye kandi zishobora gusubiramo. Kurikirana igipimo cy'ikimenyetso hagati y'urusaku n'urusaku (SNR), ibimenyetso by'ubuziranenge cyangwa ibipimo byo gukomeza, hamwe n'amakosa yose yo kohereza cyangwa kode z'ububurira. Koresha uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibi kugira ngo utegure igenzura mbere yuko hagira ikitagenda neza.
Ni gute kugabanya umubare w'ibikoresho hakoreshejwe transmitter ishobora guhinduka bigira ingaruka ku giciro rusange?
GWR ishobora gupima ibintu bitandukanye icyarimwe, ikavanaho uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho, uburyo bwo kwinjira, insinga, no kubungabunga igihe kirekire. Umubare muto w'ibikoresho bigabanya kandi ibyago byo kwinjira mu byuma bivamo umwuka n'ibyago byo kuvamo umwuka, ibyo bikaba ingenzi mu bigega bibikamo ibikoresho bivamo umwuka. Ingaruka rusange ni uko ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga ibikoresho kiri hasi ugereranyije n'ibikoresho byinshi bikora kimwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2025
