Mu 1938, Nestle yakoresheje uburyo bwo kumisha ikawa bugezweho mu buryo bwo kuyisukura ako kanya, bituma ifu ya kawa ihita ishonga vuba mu mazi ashyushye. Byongeye kandi, ingano nto n'ingano bikorohereza kuyibika. Bityo yateye imbere cyane ku isoko ryinshi. Kuri ubu, ibirango bizwi cyane bya kawa ihita ikoreshwa birimo Nestle, Maxwell, UCC, nibindi.
Uburyo bwo gukora ikawa ako kanya
Ikawa yihuse ni ikinyobwa gikomeye cya kawa gitunganywa no guteka ibishyimbo bya kawa, kikajugunywa, kigakurwamo ibintu bishongeshwa n'amazi, hanyuma kikanikwa n'umwuka ushyushye cyangwa kikanikwa muri firigo. Biroroshye gushonga mu mazi kigasubizwamo ikawa y'amazi ifite uburyohe n'uburyohe by'umwimerere. Uburyo bwo kuyikora ni ubu bukurikira: gusuzuma ibishyimbo bya kawa, gukuraho umwanda, kuzikaranga, kuzisya, kuzikuramo, kuzishyiramo ibintu byinshi, kumisha, gupfunyika.
II. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo gukora ikawa ako kanya
(I) Gutegura mbere yo kuvura ibishyimbo bya kawa bibisi
Ubwa mbere, ibikoresho fatizo bigomba gutoranywa neza. Ibishyimbo bya kawa bishya birabagirana, birazunguruka kandi bifite ingano imwe, hatarimo ibishyimbo byangiritse, byasembuye, byumukara, byariye inzoka, byavunitse cyane n'ibindi bibi, ndetse n'imyanda itandukanye nk'ibishishwa by'imbuto, ibishishwa by'ubutaka, ibishishwa by'ibiti, amabuye n'ibyuma. Kugira ngo habeho ubwiza, gutandukanya bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutigisa, umuvuduko w'umuyaga cyangwa uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bw'umwuka.
(II) Guteka
Guteka ni inzira ikomeye yo gushyiraho uburyohe n'ubwiza bwa kawa yihuse. Ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi bya kawa bikoresha igice cy'icyuma gishyushye gicanwa mu mwuka cyangwa icyuma gishyushye gicanwa mu mwuka ushyushye hamwe n'aho gukaranga mu buryo bwa rotary drum muri rusange. Ubushyuhe bwo guteka n'igihe cyo guteka ni ibintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi.
Igihe cyo guteka kiratandukanye bitewe n’ubwoko n’ubwoko bwa kawa, ahubwo giterwa n’urwego rwo guteka rusabwa kugira ngo umusaruro uboneke. Igihe gito cyo guteka kigaragaza ko ibishyimbo bya kawa byoroshye kandi bifite aside nyinshi, ubushyuhe buke kandi byoroshye kubikuramo nyuma yo kubisya. Ahubwo, igihe kirekire cyo guteka kigaragaza ko ibishyimbo bya kawa bikonje kandi bifite aside nke, ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ntibikoresha neza ifu nziza cyane.
Kutabika neza bizatera impumuro mbi, ibara ribi ry’ibicuruzwa birangiye ndetse n’umuvuduko muke wo kubikuramo; kuteka cyane bizatuma hagwa amavuta menshi, ibyo bikabangamira ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa kandi bigagira ingaruka ku kumisha. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwiza bwo kuteka bugomba kugenwa n’ibara ry’ibicuruzwa, impumuro, umusaruro, imikorere myiza n’imiterere y’ibikoresho byo gukora.
Iyo ibishyimbo bya kawa bigeze ku rugero rusabwa rwo gukaranga, zimya umuriro, uhagarike gushyushya, hanyuma ukonjeshe ibishyimbo bya kawa ako kanya. Kuko nubwo ubushyuhe bwahagarara, ubushyuhe buri mu bishyimbo bya kawa buzakomeza gukaranga igihe runaka, bityo nyuma yuko ibishyimbo bya kawa bisutswe mu cyumba cyo gukarangamo ingoma, umufana usohora umwuka ugomba gucanwa kugira ngo bikonjeshe kugira ngo ubushyuhe butagira icyo buzamuka. Mu nganda, amazi akonje runaka asukwa mu cyumba cyo gukarangamo kugira ngo bikonje, hanyuma ibishyimbo bya kawa bikaranze bigakurwa mu cyumba cyo gukarangamo kugira ngo bikonje.
(III) Ububiko Butajegajega
Ni byiza kubika ibishyimbo bya kawa bikaranze umunsi umwe kugira ngo umwuka wa karuboni n'indi myuka bikomeze gushonga no kurekurwa, ariko kandi bikinjiza neza ubushuhe buri mu kirere kugira ngo byoroshye ibishyimbo, ibyo bikaba byiza mu kubikuramo. Ingano y'uduce dusya ifitanye isano n'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kubikuramo. Uduce duto tworoshye tworohereza mu kubikuramo neza ariko bikabangamira uburyo bwo kubisukura nyuma mu gihe utwo duce duto tworoshya mu kubikuramo ariko byoroshye kubisukura. Muri rusange, ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce twa kawa y'ibumba ni nka mm 1.5.
(IV) Gukuramo
Gucukura ikawa ni cyo gice cy’ingenzi cy’ingenzi mu ikorwa ry’ikawa ako kanya. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri rusange mu gucukura ikawa byitwa icukura, rigizwe n’ibigega 6 kugeza kuri 8 bicukura ikawa bihujwe n’imiyoboro kandi bishobora guhindurwamo igikoresho gikoreshwa.
(V) Gutandukanya amazi n'ibintu bikomeye
Amazi ya kawa yakuwemo azaba asigaranye ibintu byinshi bikomeye. Ibi bisaba gutandukanya amazi ya kawa n'ibintu bikomeye mbere yuko ajyanwa mu buryo bukurikira. Igikoresho cyo gutandukanya ibinyugunyugu gishobora kugera ku ngaruka zisabwa zo gutandukanya muri rusange.
(VI) Kwibanda ku bintu bifatika
Gushyiramo umwuka uvanze n'amazi mu buryo bwa "vacuum green", "centrifugal" n' "condensate" muri rusange. Kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo kumisha, kugabanya ishoramari ry'ibikoresho n'ingufu zikoreshwa, "concentration" ikomeye iragabanuka ikagera kuri 35%. Gushyiramo umwuka uvanze n'amazi mu buryo bwa "vacuum green" bigabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi kugeza kuri dogere 60 mu gitutu cy'umwuka uvanze n'amazi hejuru ya 0.08Mpa. Kugira ngo amazi arusheho kwiyongera vuba. ikafefee slurry igitekerezoshingironigipimoIfasha mu gukoresha burundu mu gusuzuma uburemere bw'amazi mu buryo butunguranye kandi butoroshye, binyuze mu kugenzura neza mu gihe nyacyo. Ubunini bw'amazi mu buryo busanzwe ntiburenga 60% (refractometer). Kubera ko ubushyuhe bw'amazi menshi aturuka mu munara w'amazi ari hejuru y'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, agomba gukonjeshwa mbere yo koherezwa mu kigega cyo kubikamo kugira ngo agabanye igihombo.
(VII) Kumisha spray
Amazi yashyizwe mu buryo butaziguye hejuru y'umunara wo kumisha amazi binyuze mu ipompo y'umuvuduko, agashyirwa mu gihu n'imbunda ikoresha umuvuduko, hanyuma akamishwa akavamo ifu munsi y'ubushyuhe n'umwuka utemba ku bushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 250. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kumisha amazi mu buryo bwa vacuum cyangwa gukonjesha rishobora no gukoreshwa mu kumisha. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kumisha amazi mu buryo bwa vacuum ni ugukonjesha ikawa ku bushyuhe buke, maze amazi arimo agakonjeshwa akavamo uduce duto twa kristu, hanyuma agashyushya agashyirwa mu buryo bwa vacuum cleaner kugira ngo hagerwe ku ntego yo kumisha mu bushyuhe buke. Nyuma y'uko amazi atunganyijwe, hashobora gukorwa uburyo bwo kongeramo amazi ku buryo bukenewe, kandi ashobora no gukorwamo ikinyobwa cy'amazi.
Kanda hano kugira ngo umenye byinshiibisubizo byo kugenzura uko ibintu byifashe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'umurongoCyangwa ushobora kuvugana naLonnmeterukurikije ibyo ukeneye byihariye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-10-2025
