Gukenera gupima urwego rw'amazi mu buryo bwo gutunganya amazi
Gukurikirana neza urugero rw'amazi ni ingenzi mugutunganya amaziImikorere y’uruganda, kugenzura ko imikorere ihamye no kubahiriza ibisabwa n’amategeko. Amazi adahuye ashobora gutera ubwinshi bw’amazi, kwangirika kw’ibikoresho, cyangwa guhungabana kw’imikorere, byongera ibyago byo kutubahiriza amategeko no kwangiza ubuziranenge bw’amazi yavuwe. Gukurikirana hakoreshejwe ibikoresho nka icyuma gipima urwego rwa ultrasonic, icyuma gipima urwego rw’amazi cya ultrasonic, cyangwa icyuma gipima urwego rw’amazi kidakora ku mazi bituma habaho uburyo bwo gukora kandi bigakomeza ubuziranenge mu byiciro byose by’uruganda rutunganya amazi. Ahantu ho gutunganya amazi hahura n’imbogamizi zikomeye mu gupima urwego rw’amazi. Imiterere y’amazi ihindagurika—kuva ku mvange isobanutse kugeza ku mvange y’amazi yavuwe n’imiti—ishobora kubangamira ibyuma bisanzwe bikoresha amazi cyangwa ibyuma biyobora amazi, bigatera kwangirika, kudakora neza, cyangwa kubungabunga kenshi. Imiterere y’ikigega irushaho kugorana kumva neza: imiterere idahuye, hasi hahanamye, n’ibice by’imbere ni ibintu bisanzwe mu miterere n’imikorere y’ikigega cyo gucukura amazi, bisaba uburyo bwo gupima urwego rw’amazi rudakora ku mazi nk’icyuma gipima urwego rw’amazi cya ultrasonic ku bigega. Ahantu hakomeye kandi hafunze hasaba ibikoresho bikomeye. Ibinyabutabire byangiza mu buryo bwo gupima amazi, ubushuhe bwinshi mu mikorere y’ikigega cy’amazi, n’ibintu bito mu mikorere y’ikigega cyo kuyungurura amazi bishobora kwangiza vuba ibikoresho byo gupima urwego rw’amazi bishingiye ku ruhu. Gupima urwego rudahuye n'aho ibintu bigeze—cyane cyane hakoreshejwe sensor za ultrasound—bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura, bipima neza ko ibipimo bihoraho, kandi bigatuma bihuzwa n'ahantu hafunze cyangwa hateje akaga hatabayeho gutakaza ukuri cyangwa igihe kirekire cy'icyuma. Gupima urwego rw'amazi bigira ingaruka zikomeye mu byiciro by'ingenzi byo gusukura amazi:
Ikigega cyo gutwika imyanda
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- Mu bigega byo gusiga amazi mu gutunganya amazi, kugenzura neza urugero rw'amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho igabanuka ry'umuvuduko no gucunga ubwinshi bw'amazi; urugero rwo hejuru cyane rugabanya igihe cyo kubika amazi, mu gihe hasi cyane bibangamira gukuraho umwanda.
- Inyungu z'ikigega cy'umwuka mu gutunganya amazi yanduye zishingiye ku kugumana ubujyakuzimu bwiza kugira ngo umwuka uhure neza, imikorere ya mikorobe, no gukumira gutakaza umwuka; ibyuma bipima ikirere bitanga igenzura rihoraho kandi ritabangamira amazi.
- Gusana ikigega cy’amazi gisukura amazi bishingiye ku makuru nyayo y’urwego kugira ngo habeho gahunda yo gukaraba inyuma, hirindwe ko ibyuma biyungurura amazi bishobora kunyuramo, kandi birinde ko amazi ashobora kunyuramo.
- Mu gihe cyo gusukura amazi, nko mu byumba byo gusukura amazi bya chlorine, kugenzura neza urugero rw'amazi bituma ibisabwa mu gihe cyo kuyasukura byubahirizwa kugira ngo hagenzurwe indwara, bigashyigikira intego z'ubuzima rusange ndetse no kubahiriza amategeko. Icyibandwaho cya Lonnmeter ku gupima ubucucike bw'amazi n'ubucucike bwuzuzanya n'izi porogaramu binyuze mu gushyigikira ibidukikije bifite imiterere y'amazi ihindagurika. Gushyira hamwe ibikoresho byizewe byo gusukura amazi mu buryo bugezweho—cyane cyane binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya ultrasonic—bikemura ibibazo bigoye biterwa n'ibidukikije byo gusukura amazi. Ibi bituma imikorere y'ibimera ihoraho n'amabwiriza akurikizwa kuri buri cyiciro, kuva mu gusukura kugeza mu gusukura amazi burundu.
Ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ryo gupima urwego rw'amazi rudahuye n'amazi
Ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic
Ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic ritakora ku kintu runaka kugira ngo bipime urugero rw'amazi mu bigega n'ibigega. Ibi bipimo bikora binyuze mu gusohora amajwi menshi agana ku buso bw'amazi. Ijwi rigaruka, rigaragara mu mazi, rirafatwa rigatunganywa kugira ngo hamenyekane urugero nyarwo nta gukoraho. Ubunyangamugayo ku bipimo by'urwego rw'amazi bya Ultrasonic busanzwe bugera kuri ± 3mm. Uru rwego rw'ubunyangamugayo rushyigikira igenzura rirambuye mu byiciro byose by'inganda zitunganya amazi, harimo guhumeka, gusya, kuyungurura, no gukora ikigega cyo kwica udukoko. Igipimo cyabyo kidahumanya ni ingenzi mu bikorwa birimo amazi yangiza cyangwa yanduye. Mu bigega bifite imiti ikaze, ubuso bwanduye, cyangwa amazi ahinduka vuba, nk'aboneka mu bishushanyo by'ibigega byo guhumeka no gusya, ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic bigumana imikorere yizewe kandi bisaba ko bitangizwa cyangwa gupimwa bike. Nta bikorwa byo kubungabunga kuko nta bice bigenda cyangwa ibice byatose, bigabanya igihe cyo gukora. Ibi bipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic birakora neza mu bidukikije bigoye kuko bitanga ibipimo bihoraho kandi byizewe. Urugero, mu mikorere y'ikigega cyo gusya, aho imyanda n'ibintu bikomeye biba byiyongera buri gihe, ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic bitagira gukora ku kintu kimwe birinda ingaruka z'amazi n'ubwiyongere bw'amazi. Bikora neza ndetse no mu bihe by’imvururu cyangwa mu bigega bifite imiti ikoreshwa mu binyabutabire akenshi biboneka mu nzira zo guhumeka no gusukura amazi, bigafasha mu gucunga neza ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi mu nganda.
Imashini ziyobora Radar y'Umuraba
Imashini ziyobora radar yo ku rwego rw'umurabaKoresha imiyoboro ya microwave, iyobowe n'icyuma gipima amazi kiri mu kigega. Iyo iyi miyoboro ihuye n'amazi afite amashanyarazi atandukanye, igice cy'ingufu kiragaruka. Iyi transmitter ipima neza igihe kiri hagati yo gusohora no kugarura amazi, ibi bigahindura isura nyayo y'urugero rw'amazi. Kimwe mu byiza by'ingenzi ni imikorere ikomeye yo gupima idahungabanyijwe n'impinduka mu bushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubucucike, cyangwa imikorere y'amazi. Ibi bituma radiator y'umuraba iyoborwa yizewe cyane mu gupima urwego rudahuye n'amazi mu mikorere y'ikigega cyo kuyungurura amazi, imiterere y'ikigega cyo guterera amazi, n'inyungu z'ikigega cyo guhumeka amazi mu gutunganya amazi yanduye. Iri koranabuhanga rikora neza nubwo haba hari umwuka, ivumbi, ifuro, cyangwa imiterere y'ikigega igoye hamwe n'imbogamizi z'imbere, rituma habaho imikorere idafite amakosa aho sensor za ultrasound zishobora guhura n'imbogamizi. Ibyemezo by'umutekano by'imashini ziyobora radar ziyobora zishyigikira ikoreshwa ryazo mu bikorwa by'ingenzi byo gutunganya amazi, harimo n'ibigega byo kwica udukoko, aho gukurikirana ari ngombwa kugira ngo ikigo kibe cyiza. Zitanga ubushobozi bwo kubungabunga kandi zigabanya kwinjira mu bigega, zigabanya ibyago kandi zoroshya gushyiraho. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, radiator ziyobora radar zitanga umutekano mu gihe kirekire nta bice bigenda kandi nta kiguzi kinini cyo kongera gukoresha. Igiciro gito cy’ubwishingizi bwabo gituma ari amahitamo meza yo gukurikirana amazi mu buryo buhoraho mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo gutunganya amazi, kuva ku guhumeka kugeza ku kuyungurura no kuyakuraho. Mu buryo bw’ibigega by’amazi bufite imikorere myinshi—aho ibigega bishobora guhura n’ifuro, umwuka, cyangwa imiterere y’imbere ikomeye—izi transmitters zigumana ubuhanga mu mikorere no gukora neza kwa sisitemu.
Gukoresha mu bikorwa byo gutunganya amazi
Igipimo cy'ikigega cy'amazi aturuka ku rubura
Gukurikirana buri gihe urwego rw'amazi mu gutunganya amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo ikigega cy'amazi gikoreshwe mu gutunganya amazi kugira ngo habeho gutandukanya neza amazi n'amazi atembera neza. Ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic na sensor za wave radar zishyigikira gupima urwego rw'amazi adakora ku mazi, bitanga ubuziranenge bw'ingenzi mu gukumira kuzura kw'amazi, kwangirika kw'ibikoresho, no kwangirika kw'amategeko. Urugero, sensor z'urwego rw'amazi za Ultrasonic ku bigega zitanga ikimenyetso cy'uburebure bw'igitambaro cy'amazi mu gihe nyacyo. Ibi birinda ko ibintu bikomeye bikomeza kugenda kandi bigakomeza imikorere ya filter. Igishushanyo n'imikorere ya tangi yo gucukura amazi bishingiye ku kugumana urwego ruhamye kugira ngo imikorere yoroshye yo gutuza no kugumana ingano ingana. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima urwego rudakora ku mazi rigabanya ibikenewe mu kubungabunga, kuko hari ibyago bike byo kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika kwa mashini bitewe no gukora ku mazi akomeye cyane.
Igipimo cy'ikigega cy'umwuka
Gucunga neza urwego rw'umwuka mu bigega by'umwuka ni ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga ubwinshi bw'umwuka wa ogisijeni washongeshejwe n'ibipimo byiza by'amazi hagati y'amazi n'amazi. Ibigega by'amazi bidakora ku rugero rw'amazi, nka bigega by'amazi bya ultrasonic, byongera uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere binyuze mu gutanga ibitekerezo bisubiza urwego rw'amazi. Ibigega bihamye birinda kwandura kandi bigabanya kwangirika, kubera ko ibi bigega birinda guhura n'ibisubizo byangiza cyangwa bikoresha ibinyabuzima. Imikorere y'ikigega cy'umwuka ikomeza gupimwa neza, bigateza imbere kohereza umwuka wa ogisijeni neza no gukora neza mu buryo buhoraho. Gushyiramo ibipimo by'ubushobozi bwa ultrasonic muri ibi bigega bituma habaho guhindagurika guke, bigatuma habaho kwizerana igihe kirekire kandi bikagabanya amahirwe yo kuba hari ibipimo bitari byo biterwa n'uturere tw'umwuka duhindagurika.
Imicungire y'ikigega cy'amazi asukura
Gupima urwego rw'amazi mu buryo bwo kuyungurura amazi bipima ihungabana ry'amazi, birinda icyuma gisukura amazi, kandi bigakomeza ubuziranenge bw'amazi. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima urwego rw'amazi adakora ku mazi rihangana n'uburyo bwo gusukura imiti kandi rikora neza mu bihe birimo imihindagurikire ikomeye. Mu kubungabunga icyuma gisukura amazi, ibikoresho bipima urwego rw'amazi bya ultrasonic birinda imikorere y'icyuma gisukura amazi yumye n'ihungabana ry'urumuri, bishobora kugabanya imikorere yo kuyungurura amazi. Gukurikirana buri gihe bishyigikira intambwe nziza z'uruganda rusukura amazi, bikareba ko amazi yatunganyijwe yujuje ibisabwa mbere yo kujya mu cyiciro gikurikiraho. Ikoranabuhanga ritakora ku mazi kandi rituma habaho gukora neza mu gihe cyo gukaraba amazi mu buryo busanzwe, rigatanga urugero nyarwo ndetse no mu bihe bihinduka vuba.
Gukurikirana uburyo bwo kwica udukoko mu kigega cy'amazi
Gukurikirana urugero rw'amazi mu kigega gisukura amazi mu gutunganya amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane igihe nyacyo cyo kubika amazi gikenewe kugira ngo habeho gukuraho udukoko. Gupima urwego rudahuye n'amazi hakoreshejwe ibyuma bisukura amazi bituma habaho igenzura rya buri gihe mu bigega bifunze cyangwa biteje akaga, bikareba ko umutekano n'amabwiriza bikurikiza ingamba nke zo gutanga serivisi. Ibi bikoresho bisukura amazi bituma habaho kugenzura neza ingano y'amazi mu gihe nyacyo, ni ingenzi cyane mu gukoresha neza uburyo bwo gusukura amazi mu gutunganya amazi. Sisitemu zitagira aho zihurira zitanga imikorere myiza mu bidukikije birimo imiti ihumanya ikirere nko gusukura chlorine cyangwa gusukura UV, bifasha mu kubungabunga imikorere myiza mu gukumira ko amazi agumana amazi mu buryo butuzuye cyangwa bwihuta. Iri genzura rihoraho ririnda ubuziranenge bw'amazi n'umutekano mu mikorere mu byiciro bya nyuma by'uruganda rusukura amazi.
Ibyiza byo guhuza ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi bigezweho
Gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo bigezweho byo gupima urwego rudahuye n’amazi, nk'icyuma gipima urwego rwa ultrasonic, byahinduye umutekano mu mikorere y'amazi yo muri iki gihe. Ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho by'amazi bya ultrasonic hejuru y'ikigega—bitarenze urukuta rw'imiyoboro y'amazi—bikuraho ibyago byo kuva amazi. Ibi ni ingenzi ku bigega bikora imiti mu byiciro bitandukanye by'uruganda rutunganya amazi, harimo ikigega cyo gusya amazi, ikigega cyo guhumeka amazi, n'ikigega cyo kwica udukoko. Mu gukoresha ibikoresho byo hejuru, kwegera ibikoresho byangiza imikorere biragabanuka ku bakozi, cyane cyane iyo bakorana n'ibintu bikaze mu gihe cyo kuyungurura amazi cyangwa mu gihe cyo kuyatunganya. Ibigega by'amazi bya ultrasound ku bigega bitanga amakuru menshi, ikintu gikenewe mu mikorere y'amazi. Gutunganya ibimenyetso bifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura neza urwego rw'amazi n'impinduka mu miterere n'imikorere y'ikigega cyo gusya amazi. Isesengura rihoraho kandi ryizewe rituma habaho uburyo bwo kubungabunga amazi neza, kuko imiterere y'umuvuduko w'amazi cyangwa impinduka zitunguranye bishobora kugaragaza ibintu nko kwiyongera k'umucanga cyangwa kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amazi mu mikorere y'ikigega cyo gusya amazi. Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kure butuma abakora akazi babona ibi bikorwa ako kanya mu byumba bigenzura, binoza igihe cyo gukora no gufata ibyemezo mu gihe cy’ibibazo cyangwa amakosa y’ibikoresho. Gukoresha imashini zihinduranya ibintu nyinshi, zihujwe mu gupima urwego rw’amazi rudakora ku mazi bigabanya uburyo ibikoresho bikwirakwira mu ruganda rutunganya amazi. Igikoresho kimwe gikunze gupima ibipimo byinshi—nk’urwego, ubushyuhe, n’ubwiza bw’amajwi—bigabanya umubare w’ibyinjira bitandukanye bikenewe mu gufunga no gushyiraho insinga. Ibyinjira bike mu bigega n’imirongo y’ibikorwa ntibigabanya gusa ikiguzi cy’imari ahubwo bigabanya ahantu hashobora kwangirika cyangwa kwanduzwa, ingenzi ku buryo ikigega cy’amazi gisukura cyangwa ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu kigega cyo gusukura amazi. Kuba bihuye n’ibintu byose ni ikindi cyiza cy’ingenzi. Ibyuma bigezweho byo mu rwego rw’amazi bya ultrasonic n’ibidakora ku mazi bivuye mu nganda nka Lonnmeter byakozwe kugira ngo bihuzwe neza na sisitemu zo mu bwoko bwose bw’amashanyarazi n’amapuratifomu ya SCADA. Ibi byemeza ko amakuru aturuka mu bigega byinshi ashyirwa muri sisitemu zo hagati, byoroshya igenzura ry’ubugenzuzi no gushyigikira raporo yuzuye y’amategeko kuri buri cyiciro, kuva mu gusya kugeza mu gusukura. Abakora akazi bashobora gushyira amakuru apima urwego mu igenzura ry’amategeko nta nyandiko zanditswe n’intoki, bigabanye ibyago byo gutanga raporo z’amakosa. Guhuza na gahunda zitandukanye ni ingenzi kubera ko imiyoboro ya buri kigo n'uburyo bwo gutanga raporo bitandukanye; uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu butuma ibikoresho bipima ibintu bihuza neza n'ibikorwa remezo bihari, bigafasha imikorere ihoraho y'inganda zose zitunganya amazi.
Guhitamo Imashini Ikwiye yo Gutwara Abantu ku Rwego
Guhitamo umuyoboro w’amazi ukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigenga amazi bisaba gusuzuma neza ibisabwa muri buri cyiciro mu gikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ikigega ni ikintu cy’ingenzi—ibigega bitera amazi gushonga, ibigega bitera amazi gushonga, ibigega biyungurura amazi, n’ibigega bitera amazi gushonga mu nganda zitunganya amazi, buri kimwe gitanga imbogamizi zidasanzwe mu bijyanye n’imiterere, ibikoresho, no kugerwaho. Urugero, igishushanyo mbonera n’imikorere y’ikigega gitera amazi gushonga akenshi bisaba kugenzura neza ahantu hagari; imikorere n’inyungu z’ikigega gitera amazi guturuka ku bumenyi buhamye mu bihe byo kuvanga amazi; ibikorwa byo kuyungurura amazi bigomba kumenya urwego mu bihe byinshi byo kubungabunga; kandi uburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi mu gutunganya amazi busaba kumva neza ahantu hashobora kuba hakomeye. Imiterere ya chimique muri ibi bigega nayo igira uruhare runini. Ibyiciro byo gukuramo amazi bishobora kuba birimo oxidizer zikomeye, mu gihe izindi ntambwe zikora pH zitandukanye n’ibintu bikomeye bihagaze. Umuyoboro watoranijwe ugomba kwihanganira ibi bihe nta gushonga cyangwa kwangirika, bigatuma ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima urwego rw’amazi rudakora nka sensors za ultrasonic ku bigega by’amazi bigira agaciro cyane. Ibyuma bipima urwego rw’amazi rudakora ni byiza ku bigega birimo imiti itera amazi gushonga cyangwa ibintu bihinduka, kuko bigabanya ibisabwa mu buryo bw’umubiri no kubungabunga. Imiterere y’ibikorwa ifata imiterere ihamye n’ihindagurika ryihuse. Imashini zitanga amakuru ku rwego rwo hagati zigomba gusubiza vuba kandi neza ku miterere ihinduka, aho zihurira, aho zisuka ifuro, cyangwa aho zihurira n’ibyiciro byinshi. Ibyuma bipima amazi bya Ultrasonic ni byo bikundwa kuri ibi bihe kuko bitanga ibipimo mu gihe nyacyo nta gukoranaho, bishyigikira imikorere yizewe mu gihe cy’impinduka mu nganda zitunganya amazi. Amasezerano yo guhuza bigira ingaruka ku buryo mashini itanga amakuru n’inganda. Guhuza n’imiyoboro ya SCADA cyangwa PLC isanzweho ni ingenzi mu kugenzura no kugenzura mu gihe nyacyo. Imashini zitanga amakuru asanzwe ku nganda zituma habaho guhuza neza, bigatuma abakora akazi bafata kandi bagacunga amakuru ava mu bigega byo gusenya, guhumeka, kuyungurura, no kwica udukoko nta kongera gukoresha insinga nyinshi cyangwa impinduka za porogaramu. Ibisabwa ku mutekano bigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa kuri buri cyiciro. Imashini zitanga amakuru zikoreshwa ahantu hafunganye cyangwa hateje akaga, nko mu bigega byo gusukura amazi bifite gaze ya chlorine cyangwa mu byiciro byo gusukura bifite sisitemu zirimo imbaraga, zigomba kubahiriza amahame agenga amashanyarazi n’aho zishyirwa kugira ngo hirindwe impanuka. Gupima urwego rudahuyeho, nk’uko bishobozwa na metero zipima urwego rwa Ultrasonic, byongera urwego rw’ingenzi rw’umutekano binyuze mu gukuraho ikibazo cyo gukorana neza n’ibintu bishobora guteza akaga. Ikoranabuhanga rya radar y’amajwi n’iry’amajwi ritanga ibisubizo byoroshye ku bunini n’imiterere y’ibigega bitandukanye, ndetse n’imiyoboro igoye n’aho zihurira mu byiciro byinshi. Ibyuma bipima amazi bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic ku bigega bikora neza mu bigega kuva ku bigega bito bipima imiti kugeza ku bigega binini bipima amazi, kandi bishobora guhangana n'ibikoresho bigoye aho ibyuma bisanzwe bitagera. Kuba bihuzwa n'uburyo bikoreshwa bituma bigira akamaro mu kongera gukora no kubaka ibishya, bigakemura ibibazo haba mu gushushanya no gukoresha ibigega bipima amazi, ibigega bitanga umwuka, ibigega biyungurura amazi, no mu mikorere yo kwica udukoko. Amaherezo, guhuza uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibigega, ikoranabuhanga rya shimi, itandukaniro ry'imikorere, amahame yo guhuza, n'umutekano w'imikorere bituma hapimwa neza kandi hizewe urugero rw'amazi muri buri cyiciro cy'uruganda rutunganya amazi.
Gusaba ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi bya Lonnmeter bifasha mu gutunganya amazi kuva mu ntangiriro. Bihujwe n'ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasound level metter hamwe n'ibipimo by'amazi bidahuye n'amazi, ibi bikoresho bitanga igenzura ryizewe kandi ryizewe muri buri cyiciro cy'ibikorwa by'uruganda rutunganya amazi. Bikozwe neza hakurikijwe ibisabwa byihariye by'inganda zitunganya amazi - harimo igishushanyo n'imikorere y'ikigega cyo kohereza amazi mu mazi, imikorere y'ikigega cyo kohereza amazi mu mazi, uburyo bwo koroshya ikigega cyo koroshya uburyo bwo koroshya uburyo bwo koroshya uburyo bwo koroshya uburyo bwo koroshya. Waba ukeneye igenzura rigezweho mu kigega cyo kohereza amazi mu mazi, cyangwa kugenzura mu buryo bwikora mu kigega cyo kohereza amazi mu mazi, ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi birushaho kuba byiza mu gutunganya amazi yanduye, ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi bihinduka kugira ngo bikomeze kugira ubuziranenge. Gushyiraho byihuse byongera imikorere myiza. Ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi bya Lonnmeter, byagenewe guhuza neza, bigabanya igihe cyo gukora. Ku bikoresho bikeneye ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi cyangwa ibikoresho byo kohereza amazi mu mazi bidahuye n'amazi mu bigega, bivuze ko bitangira vuba kandi bigagabanya ingaruka mbi ku mikorere ya buri munsi. Ubufasha bwizewe mu bya tekiniki butuma ibipimo by'urwego rudahuye n'amazi bikomeza gukomera binyuze mu kubungabunga ikigega cyo kohereza amazi no guhuza n'impinduka mu bigega byo kohereza amazi mu bikenewe mu gutunganya amazi. Lonnmeter yiteguye gutanga inama ku bikoresho bihuye neza n'ibyo ukeneye mu mikorere, bityo imikorere igakomeza kuba myiza muri buri cyiciro cy'uruganda. Gusaba ikiguzi bizana ibisubizo byihariye, kuva ku byuma bipima amazi bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic kugeza ku byuma bitanga radar, bishyiraho uburyo bwo gukora neza no kubikora neza mu gihe cyose cyo gutunganya amazi.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni iki gituma ibipimo by'urwego rwa ultrasound biba byiza mu gupima urwego rw'amazi adakora mu bigega bisukura amazi?
Ibipimo by'urwego rwa Ultrasonic bikora binyuze mu kohereza amajwi y'urusaku rw'umuvuduko wo hejuru yerekeza ku buso bw'amazi ari mu kigega. Iyo ayo majwi agaruka inyuma, igikoresho kibara intera kandi kikamenya neza urwego rw'amazi. Ubu buryo bwo kudahuza bukuraho imikoranire ifatika n'amazi, bukarinda kwandura no gukuraho ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ibipimo by'amazi biturutse ku guhura n'amazi yangiza cyangwa yanduye. Ibipimo by'urwego rw'amazi bya Ultrasonic birakomeye mu bigega byo gusya, ibigega by'umwuka, sisitemu zo kuyungurura, n'ibikoresho byo kwica udukoko aho ibikoresho bishobora gutera uburozi, gushyuha, cyangwa kutabasha kwakirwa n'ibikoresho bikoranaho. Ibisubizo ni ugukurikirana mu buryo buhamye kandi budasaba ubwishingizi bwinshi—ni ingenzi kuri buri cyiciro cy'ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi, cyane cyane aho kugerwaho n'amazi ari bike cyangwa umutekano ari ikibazo.
Ni gute transmitter y’urwego rwa radar iyoborwa ipima neza urwego rw’aho amazi anyura mu bikorwa byo gutunganya amazi?
Utwuma dukoresha uburyo bwa "wave radar" dukoresha "microwave pulses" tuyobowe mu gice cy'ubushakashatsi kigera mu kigega. Utwo duce duhura n'aho ibintu bihurira, nko hagati y'amazi n'ibitaka cyangwa amavuta, kandi tugaragara mu buryo butandukanye hashingiwe ku miterere itandukanye y'amashanyarazi y'ibice. Utwuma dusesengura igihe kiri hagati y'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no kugaruka kugira ngo tubare neza ubujyakuzimu bw'aho ibintu bihurira. Kubera ko iki gipimo gishingiye gusa ku kugaragara kw'amashanyarazi, ntikigira ingaruka ku bintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi nk'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, impinduka z'umuvuduko, umwuka, cyangwa ihindagurika rya "chemistry" y'amazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ikoranabuhanga rya "wave radar" riyobora rituma habaho uburyo bwo gusuzuma imiterere y'amazi mu buryo butari bwo kandi bushobora gusubiramo mu bihe bigoye nko kugenzura ubujyakuzimu bw'ibitaka mu bigega by'amazi.
Kuki gupima urwego rudahuye n'aho ibintu biherereye ari byiza mu bigega byo gushyiramo amazi n'umwuka?
Ibigega byo gutwika amazi mu gutunganya amazi akenshi biba birimo amazi ashyushye cyane, afite umwuka mwinshi cyangwa akomoka ku myanda, mu gihe imikorere y’ikigega cy’umwuka itera umuyaga mwinshi no gusuka amazi mu mazi. Ibikoresho byo gupima amazi bidakora ku mazi, harimo n’amahitamo ya ultrasound na wave radar, birakundwa kuko birinda gukora ku mazi mu buryo butaziguye, bikarinda kwangirika no kwanduzanya kw’ibigega. Iri hitamo rigabanya ibisabwa mu kubungabunga kandi rikuraho kongera gupima kenshi, byombi bikaba ari ingenzi bitewe n’imimerere igoye. Byongeye kandi, ukuri no kwizerwa kw’ibipimo bidakora ku mazi bifasha kwirinda kuzura kw’ibigega no gukomeza kugenzura ibikorwa, bishyigikira imikorere myiza no kubahiriza amategeko muri buri cyiciro cy’uruganda rutunganya amazi.
Ni izihe nyungu utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresha radar y’amajwi dutanga ugereranyije n’utwuma dusanzwe two mu bigega bisukura amazi?
Utwuma twohereza amakuru dukoresha radar y’amajwi dutanga ibisobanuro birambuye kandi by’ukuri nubwo ubucucike bw’amazi, ifuro, ingano y’umwuka, cyangwa imiterere y’ibikoresho byo kuyungurura bihindagurika. Bitandukanye n’ibindi bikoresho bisanzwe kuko birwanya ibintu bihungabanya imikorere y’ikigega cy’amazi—kuva ku gushibuka kw’imyanda kugeza ku mpinduka ziterwa no gukaraba inyuma. Kubera ko ibi bikoresho bidafite ibice bigenda, bigabanya gutemba kw’amazi, bikomeza gukora neza nta gusubirwamo kenshi, kandi ntibisaba ko bikomeza kubungabungwa. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’utwuma twohereza amakuru hejuru kigabanya ibyago byo gusohoka kw’amazi kandi kikagabanya igihe cyo kubura kw’ibikoresho mu gihe cy’akazi.
Ese ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima urwego rw'amazi rudakora ku mazi rishobora guhuzwa muri sisitemu zisanzwe zo gutunganya amazi?
Ibipimo bigezweho bya ultrasonic hamwe n'ibikoresho bya radar by'amajwi bihuza neza na platforms zashyizweho mu kwihutisha imikorere y'inganda, harimo na sisitemu za SCADA zisanzwe mu gucunga inyubako zitunganya amazi. Umusaruro wazo uhoraho kandi ugaragara neza wemerera kunoza imikorere y'inganda zitunganya amazi no gukurikirana imiterere yazo mu gihe nyacyo. Ibi bikorwa byo guhuza ntibifasha gusa imikorere y'inganda zitunganya amazi kuva ku gushonga kugeza ku gusukura amazi ahubwo binafasha mu koroshya igenzura ry'imikorere n'igenzura ry'imikorere y'inganda ziri kure, bigamije ko imikorere myiza n'umutekano by'inganda bikomeza kuba nta kibazo uko ibikorwa remezo bigenda bitera imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 31-2025
