Magneti ya Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) ni magneti ahoraho akoreshwa mu butaka budasanzwe ahuza neodymium, icyuma na boron. Ni magneti zikomeye cyane mu bucuruzi. Ingufu zisanzwe zikoreshwa muri zo (BHmax) ziri hagati ya 30 na 50 MGOe, zigatanga imbaraga nyinshi ndetse no mu bunini buto. Ibi bituma magneti ya NdFeB ari ingenzi cyane mu bikorwa aho ingano n'uburemere bigomba kugabanywa nta kwangiza imikorere.
Uburyo bwo kwinjira mu gukora magnet
Uburyo bwo kwinjira bushyira resin yatoranijwe mu myenge ihujwe iri muri magnet, akenshi nyuma yo gucukura no gutunganya bwa nyuma. Intego ni ukongera imikorere y'ibikoresho muri rusange binyuze mu guhindura imiterere y'icyuma cya magnet.
Uruhare rw'Ukwinjira kwa Resin
Kwinjira kwa resin kuzuza uduce duto tw’imyanya n’imyenge y’imbere. Iki gikorwa:
- Ikomeza imbaraga n'ubukomere bya mekanike binyuze mu "gufata neza" no gushyigikira imiterere y'udusate tw'ibumba tworoshye.
- Irinda imbibi z'ibinyampeke byoroshye ku bushuhe n'imyanda ikomeye, ikongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese idakoze urwego rwo hanze rugaragara.
- Igumana imiterere ya rukuruzi iyo ikoresha sisitemu za resin zidafite rukuruzi kandi zidashobora kwinjira cyane, kugira ngo idahindura cyane ubwiyongere n'ubushobozi bwo gukaza umuvuduko.
Magnetti ya Neodymium Iron Boron
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Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo kuvura ikoreshwa ry'imashini zisuka mu mazi
Sisitemu za resin zikunze gukoreshwa cyane kuri magnets za NdFeB zirimo resin za epoxy, zifite agaciro ko kudakora neza mu binyabutabire, gufata neza, no gukoresha ibintu byinshi mu buryo butandukanye. Resin za silicone zitoranywa kugira ngo zirusheho koroha no kwihanganira ubushyuhe; resin za polyurethane zirusha izindi mu kudakora neza. Resin za hybrid cyangwa zahinduwe, rimwe na rimwe zongerewemo uduce duto, zigamije kunoza imiterere y’ibintu byinshi.
Kwinjira ubwabyo bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu kwinjira mu muvuduko w’umwuka uva mu cyuma, bigatuma resin yinjira mu miyoboro mito kandi ifunze neza, cyangwa binyuze mu buryo bwo gusohora umuvuduko muke iyo kwinjira mu muvuduko muto bihagije. Aya mahitamo agenewe imiterere mito ya magneti n'ibyo ikenera mu ikoreshwa ryayo.
Ingaruka zo kwinjira mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi ku mikorere ya Magnet
Kwinjira mu cyuma gishyuha bitanga iterambere rigaragara mu kuramba kwa mashini. Uduce twuzuye n'imyenge bihagarika inzira zishobora gukwirakwiramo, bikongera imbaraga zo guhindagurika no gukomera kw'imeneka. Ibi bigabanya ubushobozi bwa magneti ya NdFeB bwo gucika cyangwa kuvunika mu gihe cy'ihungabana, byaba mu buryo bwa mashini cyangwa mu buryo bwa vibration.
Ubudahangarwa bw'ingese burazamuka cyane. Urusobe rw'imirasire ihoraho muri magneti rugabanya kwinjira kw'ibintu byangiza. Ibizamini byihutishwa byo gusukura umunyu n'ubushuhe bigaragaza ko igabanuka ry'ingano y'ingese ku magneti yinjijwe ugereranije n'izidatunganyijwe.
Imiterere ya rukuruzi ikomeza kubungabungwa cyane iyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa resin bwitondewe. Resin zitoranijwe neza zongerera ingano ntoya idakoresha rukuruzi—ubusanzwe zituma habaho igabanuka riri munsi ya 3-5% ry’impinduka cyangwa imbaraga. Hari ubwo ingaruka ziba nke cyane, kuko ubushobozi buke bwa resin bugabanya isohoka ry’amazi cyangwa ingaruka mbi zo gukuraho magnetizi imbere mu mubiri.
Kugereranya neza uburemere bw'umutwaro wa resin n'ubujyakuzimu bw'ubwinjirire bw'amazi bituma habaho iterambere mu buryo buhamye bw'ikoranabuhanga n'ubudahangarwa bw'amazi ariko nta gutandukana gukomeye kwa rukuruzi. Gushyiramo ibintu byinshi cyangwa ibyuma bitwara amashanyarazi bishobora gutuma imikorere igabanuka cyane, bityo inzira zo gukurikirana—nk'ibipimo by'ibinyabutabire mu murongo hakoreshejwe metero za Lonnmeter, cyangwa ibipimo by'ibinyabutabire bya ultrasonic hakoreshejwe metero za Lonnmeter—bishobora kugenzura neza uburyo resin yinjiramo. Ibi bisubizo byo gukurikirana bigira uruhare runini mu gusesengura ibinyabutabire mu nganda kandi bigatanga ubuziranenge mu kugenzura ibinyabutabire bya resin mu murongo no kugenzura uburyo ibintu byinjiramo mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi.
Kwinjira mu cyuma gishyushya amazi, nk'igice cy'igikorwa cyo gukora magneti ya neodymium, akenshi bikundwa cyane mu bintu by'ingenzi, bigaragara, cyangwa bihindagurika cyane, birusha ibindi gutwikira hejuru cyangwa gutwikira imbere mu buryo bw'imbere kandi bikaba byizewe igihe kirekire ku bice bisaba ubuhanga bukomeye bwo gutera magneti ya resin.
Uburyo bwo Kwinjira mu Makuru ya NdFeB
Guteranya ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "binder" n'inyongeramusaruro byahinduye umusaruro wa "neodymium iron boron magnet". Guteranya ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "binder" byubaka imiterere igoye binyuze mu gushyira "liquid binder" ku duti tw'ifu, bigatuma imiterere y'ibipimo igoye idashoboka binyuze mu buryo gakondo. Nyuma yo gucapa, umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi—urangwa n'ubuso bw'imyenge—ukenera gutunganya nyuma y'isuku, aho "resin" yinjira nk'intambwe y'ingenzi mu ikorwa rya "neodymium magnet".
Intambwe zo kwinjira mu bimera bivanze n'amazi
Gutegura: Gukoresha no Gusukura Ubuso
Gushyira resin mu buryo bukwiye bitangirana no gutegura neza ubuso. Ibice bisukurwa kugira ngo hakurwemo ibintu bisigaye bihambira, ifu yoroheje, n'ibindi byose bihumanya. Gushyira mu bikorwa ubuso, rimwe na rimwe hakoreshejwe plasma cyangwa gukata buhoro, byongera ubushobozi bwo gutonyanga kandi bigatuma resin yinjira cyane. Ubuso busukuye kandi bukora neza butuma resin yinjira neza kandi igafata, bigatuma inyungu zo kwinjira muri resin nyuma yo gukoresha magnets ziyongera.
Kwinjira: Ubwoko bwa Resin bwakoreshejwe
Ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa resini bukoreshwa mu buryo bwo gutera resini ku makuru - thermosetting na thermoplastic.
- Resin zo Gushyiramo Thermosetting: Sisitemu za epoxy na phenolic ziganza bitewe n'ubukana bwazo buke no gufatana kwazo cyane. Imbuto zahinduwe, akenshi zirimo uduce duto nka SiC cyangwa BN, zituma ubushyuhe n'imikorere bikomera. Ingano nto z'ubukana (ubusanzwe 50–250 mPa·s) zikundwa kubera ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwinjira mu mwobo muto usigaye nyuma yo gutembera mu cyuma.
- Resine za Thermoplastic: Ntibikunze kugaragara cyane, ariko bikoreshwa iyo hakenewe ubufasha bwo kwinjira mu buryo bworoshye cyangwa bushobora kongera gukoreshwa.
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwinjira hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha umwuka udafite umwuka ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa. Iyo mashini ishyirwa mu mwobo wa resin munsi y’imashini ikoresha umwuka udafite umwuka kugira ngo ikuremo imyuka ifunze, hanyuma ihuzwe n’umwuka ushyushye cyangwa igitutu cyo hejuru kugira ngo ishyire resin mu myenge. Inzira zo kwinjira zikurikirana, rimwe na rimwe kugeza ku masaha 24, zishobora gukoreshwa ku bintu bifite imyenge myinshi.
Kuvura: Indwara n'ingaruka
Guhindura resin yinjijwemo kuva ku mazi ikayigira ikomeye, bigatuma ifata neza imikorere yayo kandi ikarinda. Uburyo bwo gukosora bujyanye na sisitemu ya resin:
- Uburyo bwo kuvura bukoresha intambwe nyinshi kandi bukoresha ubushyuhe bukeni byiza cyane, kuko bigabanya umuvuduko w'imbere kandi bikongera ubucucike bw'ibice bya nyuma.
- Igihe kirekire ku bushyuhe buri hasi gishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe, bigatuma imbaraga zikomeza kwiyongera.
Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bushobora gucika ndetse no kurinda igihe kugira ngo hatabaho guhuza ibintu mu buryo butuzuye cyangwa kwaguka cyane k'ubushyuhe, byombi bishobora kugabanya imikorere ya nyuma y'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi. Iki cyiciro bigira ingaruka cyane cyane iyo hahujwe inyongeramusaruro zigenewe gucunga ubushyuhe cyangwa kurwanya ingese.
Imbogamizi zikunze kugaragara mu kwinjira mu bimera
Imbogamizi eshatu zihora zigaragaza uburyo ibintu byinjira mu buryo bwa rukuruzi:
- Ubumwe: Kugera ku gukwirakwira kwa resin mu buryo buhoraho mu miterere y’imiterere y’ubutaka bigoye. Uduce dufite imiyoboro myinshi cyangwa imiyoboro ifunze dushobora kuguma tudakingiwe bihagije, bigatera ingaruka ku mbaraga rusange no kurinda ingese.
- Kugenzura Ubujyakuzimu: Rezine zigomba kugera ku mwenge wimbitse kandi uhujwe nta gufunga ubuso mbere y'igihe. Ibintu nk'ubushyuhe bwa rezine, ubushyuhe, n'imiterere y'umwuka uvamo umwuka/umuvuduko byose bigira ingaruka ku burebure bw'injira.
- Guhuza ibintu mu byiciro byose: Ihindagurika ry’ingufu mu gupfunyika kw’ibumba ni ingenzi cyane. Ihindagurika ry’ingufu zipakiye, ibisigazwa by’ibipfunyika, cyangwa imiterere y’ubwinjirire bishobora guhindura ubucucike, gukomera kwa mekanike, cyangwa imiterere ya rukuruzi. Gukomeza kugenzura no kugenzura neza ibikorwa—nk’uburyo bwo kugenzura icunga rya resin hakoreshejwe ibikoresho nka Lonnmeter chemical concentration meter cyangwa Lonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter—ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho ibisubizo bisubirwamo.
Inyungu zo kwinjira kwa resin kuri magnets zirimo imbaraga ziyongera za mekanike, kurwanya ingese, n'imikorere ijyanye n'imiterere yazo. Ariko, gukurura resin cyane bishobora kugabanya igice cy'ingano ya magneti no kwangiza uburinganire bw'ubushyuhe, cyane cyane iyo hari imizigo ihindagurika. Gukurikirana no kunoza isesengura ry'ingano ya shimi mu nganda, akenshi hakoreshejwe gupima ingano ya shimi cyangwa senseri ya ultrasonic yo gupima ingano, bituma inzira ikomeza kongera imiterere ya magneti nta nyungu ziteganijwe.
Akamaro ko gupima ubushobozi bwo kwinjirira mu murongo mu gihe cyo kwinjira mu buryo butunguranye
Ubwinshi bw'amaresin mu buryo buboneye ni ingenzi mu gihe cyo kwinjira kwa resin kuri magnets za neodymium iron boron. Imiterere ya mekanike n'ubudahangarwa bwa magnets za NdFeB bishingiye ku kwinjira neza birinda imbibi z'ingano, byuzuza microvoids, kandi bikarinda ubudasa bw'imiterere. Kugira ngo resin irusheho kwinjira neza, ubwinshi bugomba gutuma resin yinjira neza idakomeza kuzura matrix kandi ikagabanya imbaraga za magnets. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko urwego rwiza, ubusanzwe resin iri hagati ya 20-25 wt.%, rutanga inyungu nini—nk'ubwiyongere bwa 30-50% mu mbaraga zo gukanda no guhindagurika, ndetse no kunoza ubukana bwa 60% mu gucika intege ugereranije na magnets zitavuwe. Resin nyinshi ituma habaho intege nke zo mu gace runaka bitewe no kudahuza kwa modulus, mu gihe resin idahagije ituma icyuho n'imivuniko bishobora kwangirika.
Gupima mu murongo ugereranije n'ingero gakondo
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima ubucucike bw'ibinyabutabire mu murongo, harimo gupima ubucucike bwa ultrasonic no gukurikirana ubucucike bwa resin mu murongo, ritanga impinduka zikomeye ugereranyije n'ingero z'intoki. Ibipimo by'ubucucike bwa chemical bya Lonnmeter na Lonnmeter byagenewe kugenzura ubucucike bwa resin mu buryo nyabwo mu ikorwa rya neodymium magnet. Ibipimo by'ubucucike mu murongo bitanga:
- Uburyo bwo kunoza uburyo bwo gukora ibintu:Gukurikirana ibintu mu buryo bw'umurongo bikomeza kugenzura ubwinshi bw'ibice bya resin, bigagabanya ihindagurika ry'ibice kandi bigatanga serivisi nziza ku rwego rwa magnet. Isesengura ry'ubwinshi bw'ibinyabutabire mu nganda rifitanye isano itaziguye n'ubwiza bw'ubwinjirire buhoraho n'imiterere y'imashini ishoboka.
- Kugabanya imyanda:Sisitemu zikoresha umurongo w’imbere zitanga ibitekerezo byihuse ku bakoresha, birinda ikoreshwa ry’ibinure cyane cyangwa ikoreshwa rito rya resin. Ibi bigabanya ikoreshwa, bigabanya ibisigazwa, kandi bigagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikosorwa bihenze nyuma yo gutunganya.
- Gutahura neza inenge hakiri kare:Amakuru aboneka mu gihe nyacyo atuma habaho gukosora vuba ibitagenda neza biterwa no guhinduka kw'amazi ya resin, inzira zifunganye, cyangwa uburyo bwo gukurura ibintu. Ibi birinda gukora magnets zidashoboye kwinjira neza, kugabanya ubuziranenge no kongera gukora bundi bushya.
Mu buryo bunyuranye, gupima ibintu bisanzwe—bishingiye ku gukusanya no gusesengura muri laboratwari buri gihe—bisaba guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya umuvuduko mu buhanga bwo gutera amashanyarazi kuri magnets. Gupima ibintu hakoreshejwe intoki ntibishobora kubona impinduka zihuse mu buryo bw'ibipimo, bigatera ibyago byo kudahuza neza kw'ibintu. Gutinda hagati yo gupima no gutanga ibisubizo bishobora gutuma inenge zikwirakwira kuri magnets nyinshi mbere yuko haboneka uburyo bwo kuzikoresha.
Imbogamizi mu gupima
Gukurikirana neza ubwinshi bw'amaresini mu buryo buboneye bihura n'imbogamizi nyinshi za tekiniki:
- Ihindagurika ry'ubucucike bwa Resin:Ubwinshi bw'imvange y'amazi mu kirere bugira ingaruka ku bucucike bwayo; ubucucike bwinshi bwongera ubudahangarwa bw'amazi mu kirere, bigashobora kubuza kwinjira mu myenge mito. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura bigomba guhuza n'impinduka z'ubucucike mu gihe nyacyo, bikareba neza ko hari ingero zizewe mu gihe cyo kwinjira mu kirere.
- Ihindagurika ry'igipimo cy'amazi:Uburyo bwo kwinjira mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi bushobora kugira impinduka zitunguranye mu muvuduko w’amazi bitewe n’ingufu za pompe, kuziba kw’akayunguruzo, cyangwa impinduka mu bipimo by’imikorere. Iyo ibikoresho byo gupima bitagize icyo bivuze ku mazi anyuramo, imiterere y’amazi ishobora gutemba, bigatuma habaho isesengura ridakwiriye ry’ibinyabutabire mu nganda.
- Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije:Ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n'umwanda uturuka ku bisigazwa by'ibikorwa bishobora guhindura uburyo bwo gupima neza icyuma gipima ubushyuhe. Sisitemu zikomeye zo gupima ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabutabire zigomba kwishyura iyi mihindagurikire y'ibidukikije kugira ngo zikomeze kuba nziza.
Izi mbogamizi zigaragaza ko hakenewe ibikoresho byihariye, nka Lonnmeter inline density metres na viscosity metres, byubatswe hakurikijwe ibisabwa cyane mu gutunganya resin infiltration kuri magnets. Mu gushyira ibikoresho byo gupima mu gihe nyacyo mu cyiciro cyo kwinjira, abakora magnets za neodymium iron boron bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa tekiniki zo gutera resin nziza cyane, bakemeza ko ibicuruzwa bifite ireme, kandi bakamenya neza inyungu za mekanike n'izirambye zo kwinjira neza.
Ibisubizo byo gupima ubushobozi bwo gushyira ibintu ku murongo bigezweho
Igipimo cy'ubwinshi bw'ibinyabutabire hakoreshejwe Lonnmeter
Ibipimo by'ubucucike bwa shimi bya Lonnmeter bitanga igipimo nyacyo kandi mu buryo nyabwo cy'ubucucike bwa shimi mu nzira zo kwinjira muri resin kuri magnets za neodymium iron boron. Ihame ry'imikorere rishingiye ku buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi: refractometric na conductometric.
Ihame ryo gupima refraktometrike:
Igipimo cya refractometric cya Lonnmeter kigena ubwinshi bw'ibice binyuze mu kumenya impinduka mu gipimo cya refractive cy'umuti wa resin. Igipimo cya refractive (n) kigirwaho ingaruka n'ibice bya shimi byashongeshejwe. Impinduka mu bwinshi bw'ibice zigaragara nk'impinduka zito mu buryo urumuri runyura mu muti. Imirongo yo gupima, yihariye kuri buri resin cyangwa shimi yinjira, ihuza igipimo cya refractive cyapimwe n'urwego rw'ubwinshi. Ubu buryo ntibusenya kandi ntibugira ingaruka ku ibara ry'umuti cyangwa ubushyuhe - inyungu ugereranyije n'uburyo bwa fotometri. Urugero, gutandukanya impinduka ya 0.01% mu bwinshi bw'aside mu gihe cyo gutera resin impregnation kuri magnets binoza imiterere kandi bifasha kugumana ireme ry'umuti.
Ihame ryo gupima ikoreshwa ry'imashini:
Imashini zipima amashanyarazi zipima uburyo amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gikoresho, ziyongera ukurikije urugero rw'ubunini bwa ionic buriho. Iki gikoresho gikoresha electrodes kugira ngo gishyireho voltage nto, gipima ubukana bw'ubudahangarwa ku gikoresho. Uburyo amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu gikoresho, butangwa na κ = l/(R·A), burahinduka uko imyunyu yashongeshejwe na ions bihinduka. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane ku buryo bwo kwinjira kwa resin mu bwoko bwa ionic, kuko gutandukana kw'imikorere bishobora kugaragara ako kanya.
Ibyiza byo kugenzura no kwandika inyandiko mu gihe nyacyo:
- Ibisubizo byihuse byo gupima bituma abakora ibikoresho bahindura inzira yo kwinjira mbere yuko gutandukana bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bwa magnet.
- Gupima ubushyuhe bikorwa mu buryo bwikora, bigatuma igipimo cy’ubushyuhe kigaragara nk’igipimo nyacyo cy’ibinyabutabire, atari ibihangano by’ubushyuhe.
- Amakuru yo gupima ashobora kwandikwa buri gihe kugira ngo habeho inyandiko zishobora gukurikizwa, bityo bikorohereza iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mu kwinjira mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi.
- Gufata ingero nke bigabanya amakosa y’abantu n’ibyago byo kwandura.
- Urugero: Gukurikirana buri gihe uburyo resin yinjira muri magnets hakoreshejwe Lonnmeter birinda kwinjira munsi cyangwa gukabya, byombi bigira ingaruka ku miterere ya magnets irangiye.
Igipimo cy'ubwinshi bwa Ultrasonic
Ibipimo bya ultrasonic bya Lonnmeter byagenewe kugenzura ubwinshi bw'amajwi ya resin, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mu gukora magnet ya neodymium ndetse no mu buhanga bwo gutera resin kuri magnets. Imikorere yabyo ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasound sensor, risesengura umuvuduko n'igabanuka ry'amajwi mu gihe anyura mu gisubizo cya resin.
Uburyo Lonnmeter Ultrasonic Concentration Meter ikora:
- Icyo gipimo cyohereza amajwi y’urusaku rwinshi binyuze muri resin.
- Ihindagurika ry'ubwinshi bw'umuti rihindura umuvuduko n'uburyo iyi miraba yinjizwa.
- Sisitemu y'ibipimo by'ingufu isobanura izi mpinduka kugira ngo ibare agaciro nyako k'ibinyabutabire mu gihe nyacyo.
Ibyiza:
- Igenzura ritabangamiye:Ibikoresho byo gupima ikirere bikora bidahuye n'amazi y'imikorere. Ubu buryo bukuraho ibyago byo kwandura bishobora kubaho hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bipima ikirere.
- Ubuhanga bwo hejuru:Ibipimo bya Ultrasonic bigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo, aho amakosa yo gupima asanzwe ari munsi ya 0.05% ku bisubizo bisanzwe bya resin. Uburyo bwo kuyipima butuma habaho guhindura uburyo bwo kwinjira kugira ngo resin ikwirakwizwe neza muri magnets.
- Gushakisha amakuru byihuse:Mu gihe cyo gusubiza mu masegonda make, sensor za ultrasonic ni nziza cyane mu bikorwa bihoraho, zigafasha isesengura ry’ibinyabutabire mu nganda.
- Gusana bike:Kubera ko ibyo byuma bipima ubushyuhe bidakora ku bintu bihumanya ikirere, nta kwangirika gukabije bitera guhindagurika no gusukura inshuro nyinshi.
Urugero rw'ishyirwa mu bikorwa:
Gupima ubunini bwa ultrasonic mu buryo bw'umurongo bituma ikwirakwizwa rya resin rikorwa neza mu gihe cy'ubwinjiriro bwa neodymium iron boron magnets, bikanoza imikorere yabyo no kongera igihe cyo gukora.
Guhuza na sisitemu zo kwinjira mu buryo bwikora
Ibipimo bya Lonnmeter byashyizweho kugira ngo bihuzwe neza na sisitemu zo kwinjira mu buryo bwikora mu buryo bwa neodymium magnet. Gutanga ibitekerezo mu buryo bwihuse bifasha kugenzura neza ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabutabire n'umuvuduko w'ubwinjirire.
- Uko ibipimo by'ubucucike bwa resin byoherezwa ako kanya ku bagenzura ibikorwa, impinduka zishobora gukorwa mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo ibintu bikomeze kuba byiza.
- Uku guhuza bigabanya imikorere y'intoki, bigabanya ihindagurika, kandi bigatanga inyungu ku buryo buhoraho zo kwinjira kwa resin kuri magnets.
- Sisitemu zikora zirashobora kubika amakuru yose yo gupima kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ibintu bikorwamo, harebwe igenzura ry’amategeko, kandi harebwe ireme ry’ibicuruzwa.
Urugero:
Mu gihe cyo gukoresha resin mu gupima, amakuru aturuka mu gipimo cya Lonnmeter atuma icyuma gipima ubuziranenge bw'ibinyabutabire gishobora guhita gisubiza ihindagurika ry'imiterere y'ibinyabutabire, kigahindura uburyo resin itangwamo kugira ngo igume mu byiciro byagenwe. Ibi bituma buri gice cy'ibinyabutabire gishyirwamo neza, bigashyigikira amahame agezweho yo kwinjira mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa resin concentration
Uburyo bwo gukoresha neza uburyo resin yinjiramo kuri resin, nko mu ikorwa rya neodymium magnet, bushingiye ku buryo buhamye bwo gupima ibipimo by’ibinyabutabire. Gupima neza, gukumira ihumana neza, no gucunga amakuru yose ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo harebwe neza, hamenyekane neza kandi habeho igenzura ry’ibipimo by’ibinyabutabire mu buryo buhoraho.
Gupima no Kwemeza Sisitemu zo Gupima
Gupima bitangirana no gukoresha imiti isanzwe ya resin ku bipimo bitandukanye bizwi. Igipimo cy’ibipimo bya shimi cya Lonnmeter, harimo n’igipimo cy’ibipimo bya ultrasonic, bisaba gushyiraho imirongo ngenderwaho igena ibipimo by’ibipimo bizwi.
Buri gikorwa cyo gupima kigomba kuba gikubiyemo ibipimo bisubirwamo by’ibipimo ngenderwaho kugira ngo hubakwe umurongo wizewe w’ibipimo by’impinduka, hakoreshejwe isesengura ry’imibare kugira ngo habeho gusubiramo no gupima ingano y’amakosa.
Mu gihe cyo kwinjira kwa resin, cyane cyane mu kwinjira kwa resin mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi, ibipimo by'imikorere ya sensor—nk'umuvuduko w'amajwi n'urwego rwo kubona kuri sensor ya ultrasonic kugira ngo hapimwe uburemere—bigomba guhindurwa neza. Isuzuma rya mbere rigomba gukurikirwa n'igihe cyo gusubiramo igihe cyose hakorwaga magnet. Ibi bikomeza gukoresha neza ibipimo, bikishyura ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe, ihindagurika ry'imiterere ya resin, cyangwa gusaza kw'ibikoresho.
Kwemeza bikubiyemo gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura aho ibipimo by’ibipimo ku ruhu rw’amazi rwinjira bigereranywa rimwe na rimwe n’isesengura ry’ibipimo by’imiti mu nganda zikora.
Ubudasa bw'imigendekere hagati y'uburyo bwo hagati y'umurongo n'ubudakoresha interineti butuma habaho isuzuma ry'uburyo bwo gupima no guhindura uburyo bwo gupima, bigatuma inzira yo kwinjira mu kirere itanga urugero rwiza rw'ubwiza bw'ingufu za magnet.
Gukumira kwangiza ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe no kwemeza ko bihoraho
Guhumanya imiterere y'amajwi—ubwiyongere bw'amajwi cyangwa ibintu bihumanya imikorere ku buso bwo gupima—bibangamira cyane uburyo bwo gukoresha amajwi mu gutera amajwi.
Koresha amabwiriza yo kurwanya umwanda, ukoreshe inzitizi zifatika nk'imyambaro yakozwe mu buryo bwa tekiniki cyangwa imashini zihanagura amazi zisanzwe kugira ngo ukoreshe ubucucike bwa Lonnmeter n'ibipimo by'ubucucike.
Amabwiriza yo gusukura buri gihe agomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu bihe runaka, bitewe n'amateka y'uburyo ibintu bihinduka ndetse n'uburyo ibintu bikorerwamo.
Andika ibikorwa byanduye n'ibikorwa byo gusukura mu nyandiko zo kubungabunga. Suzuma ibyanduye bidashira ukoresheje ubuhanga buhanitse bwo hejuru, urusheho kunoza imiterere y'icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kugira ngo kigufashe kwihanganira ibidukikije bikaze bya resin.
Genzura ibipimo by'ibanze kugira ngo urebe impinduka zidasobanutse z'ibimenyetso, bishobora kugaragaza ko hari igice cy'ibyangiritse. Hagomba gufatwa ingamba zihuse zo gusukura cyangwa kongera gukoresha uburyo bushya, hadakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima resin kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge buhoraho.
Gukurikirana amakuru, gusesengura uko ibintu bigenda, no kugenzura uburyo ibintu bihinduka
Shyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo kwandika amakuru menshi kuri buri gihe cyo gupima ubucucike bwa resin. Ibipimo bya Lonnmeter bigomba gutanga amakuru y’ubucucike n’ubucucike, ingenzi mu gukurikirana imiterere y’itsinda.
Ibikoresho byo kubika amakuru, ibikorwa byo gupima, n'ibikorwa byo gusukura hamwe n'imiterere y'imikorere (ubwoko bwa resin, umuvuduko w'amazi, ubushyuhe) kugira ngo harebwe neza uko ibintu bigenda.
Kora isesengura ry’uburyo ibintu bigenda ku makuru yanditswe. Menya uburyo ibintu bigenda bihindagurika buhoro buhoro mu buryo bw’ibipimo cyangwa kunyura mu buryo butunguranye bishobora kugaragaza ko ibintu bitagenda neza mu mikorere, guhindagurika kw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa kugabanuka k’uburyo ibintu bigenda bihinduka.
Kureba uko ibintu bigenda mu gihe nyacyo bifasha kugenzura uburyo ibintu bigenda bihinduka: abakoresha bashobora guhindura vuba uburyo resin itembera, igipimo cy’ubwinjirire, cyangwa uburyo bwo gupima ingano y’ibipimo kugira ngo basubizeho ibipimo by’imikorere.
Kubika inyandiko zirambuye bishyigikira iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko no kunoza imikorere mu ikorwa rya neodymium iron boron magnets.
Gukoresha uburyo buhamye bwo gupima, amabwiriza akomeye yo kurwanya umwanda, no gucunga neza amakuru bituma kugenzura ubwinshi bw'amakuru muri resin bitanga amakuru yizewe kandi ashobora gukorwa mu gihe cyose resin yinjira muri magnets.
Imiterere mito mu gihe cyo kongera gukwirakwiza hydrogen
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Ingamba zo kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura imyuka ihumanya ikirere
Gukoresha neza uburyo bwo kwinjira kwa resin mu magneti ya neodymium iron boron magnets bitangirana no kugenzura neza kandi mu buryo nyabwo uburemere bwa resin. Gupima ubunini bw'ibinyabutabire mu murongo, bikozwe n'ibikoresho nka Lonnmeter chemical concentration meter na Lonnmeter ultrasonic concentration meter, bitanga amakuru ahoraho ku bipimo bya resin mu gihe cyo kuvanga no kwinjira. Ibi bikoresho byo gupima byemerera abakora guhindura uburyo resin ikoreshwamo ako kanya, bakurikije ihinduka ryose ryagaragaye mu bunini cyangwa ubunini. Urugero, niba sisitemu yo kugenzura ubunini bwa resin mu murongo wa Lonnmeter ibonye igabanuka ry'ubucucike bwa resin, abakoresha bashobora kongera igipimo cya resin y'ibanze kugira ngo bagumane imiterere y'imikorere y'intego yo kwinjira.
Uburyo bwo guhuza ibitekerezo ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga uburebure bwiza bw'ubwinjirire. Abagenzuzi b'imikorere bakoresha ibipimo by'igihe nyacyo bivuye kuri sensor ya ultrasonic kugira ngo bapime uburemere n'ubucucike bw'ibipimo kugira ngo bayobore uburyo bwo guteranya resin kuri magnets. Uko resin yinjira mu miterere ya magnets, ibitekerezo bihoraho byemeza ko kwinjira biguma mu buryo bugenwe, bigahindura ibintu nk'impinduka mu miterere y'imyenge cyangwa imiterere y'ikirere. Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'imyenge ya NdFeB, isesengura ry'ubucucike bw'ibinyabutabire mu nganda ririnda ko amazi adakwirakwira, biganisha ku turere twagaragaye, cyangwa ko amazi menshi akwirakwira, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya mekanike.
Kugabanya amakosa aturuka ku bintu bisaba kugenzura neza inzira. Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rishobora guhindura ubushyuhe bwa resin, bigatera urujya n'uruza rudahuye n'uko rwinjira. Gukoresha icyuma gipima ubucucike n'ubushyuhe cya Lonnmeter bituma abakora ibikoresho bahuza uburyo bwo kwishyura ubushyuhe, bakareba ko ibipimo bya resin ari ibisanzwe kandi imiterere ya resin ikaba ihamye hatitawe ku bushyuhe bwo hanze. Gukuraho utwuma tw'umwuka twafashwe ni ingenzi cyane; utwuma duhagarika urujya n'uruza rw'imitsi kandi dushobora kubuza resin kugera mu bice bimwe na bimwe biri mu bikoresho bya rukuruzi. Sisitemu zo kugenzura imiterere y'imitsi zishobora kugaragaza ibitagenda neza by'umuvuduko cyangwa impinduka zitunguranye mu miterere y'ibipimo, bigaragaza ko umwuka uriho kandi bigatera ingamba nko gukuraho imyuka cyangwa guhindura umuvuduko.
Kuvanga resin imwe na byo ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho ibisubizo byizewe byo kwinjira. Uruvange rwa resin rudahuje rushobora kuba rufite ahantu hato cyangwa henshi, bigatuma habaho uburinzi budahuje cyangwa imbaraga za mekanike. Gukurikirana ingano ya resin mu murongo, bikozwe na Lonnmeter, bituma resin ikomeza kuvanga neza mbere no mu gihe cyo kwinjira, hamwe n'amatangazo yikora ku bijyanye n'impinduka zitari mu buryo busanzwe.
Kugenzura neza uburyo ibintu byifashishwa mu gukora neza bishyigikira ubuziranenge bwa rukuruzi ndetse n'umusaruro w'inganda. Ku makuru ya neodymium iron boron afite imiterere ihambaye—nk'amakuru afite ibice byinshi cyangwa ibice bifite imigozi myinshi—kugenzura resin ihoraho bituma uburebure bw'amazi bwinjira bungana, bigabanya igipimo cy'ibisigazwa kandi bikongera ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu. Gukoresha ibikoresho bigezweho bya Lonnmeter byo gupima ibintu biri ku murongo no kuri ultrasonic nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'uburyo ibintu byinjira muri rukuruzi byemeza ko gukora magnet ya neodymium byujuje ibisabwa mu mikorere nta gutakaza ibikoresho bitari ngombwa cyangwa gukosora nyuma y'ibikorwa.
Kongera imikorere ya Magnet no kuramba kwayo
Mu gukora magneti ya NdFeB, kugenzura ibipimo by’ubwinjirire n’ubwinshi bw’imiti bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku miterere y’icyuma gikurura amashanyarazi, ikoranabuhanga, n’ubwirinzi bw’icyuma. Gukurikirana ubwinshi bw’icyuma gikurura amashanyarazi mu buryo bw’umurongo—cyane cyane binyuze mu gupima ingano y’imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa ultrasonic hakoreshejwe ibikoresho nka metero za Lonnmeter—bifasha kugenzura neza uburyo magneti acukura amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa electronique, bigafasha kunoza imikorere no kuramba kwayo.
Isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'ubwinjira mu kirere, ibipimo by'ubwinshi bw'amazi, n'imikorere
Uburyo bwo kwinjira kwa resin bwinjira mu mbibi z'ibinyampeke kandi bwuzuza uduce duto turi muri magneti za NdFeB, bikongera ubuziranenge bw'imiterere muri rusange. Iyo ingano ya resin icunzwe neza—hakoreshejwe isesengura ry'ingano y'ibinyabutabire ku murongo w'umusaruro—abakora resin bagera ku gukwirakwira kumwe kwa resin. Uku kuba hamwe gutuma ingano y'ibinyampeke ikwirakwira neza, bigagabanya intege nke zishobora gutuma ipfuka cyangwa igatsindwa vuba.
Ingano y’ibinyabutabire yapimwe igaragaza ubukana n’ubujyakuzimu bw’umusemburo wa resin. Urugero, kwinjira mu buryo budahagije bituma ipfukirana ritameze neza, bigatuma habaho uduce duto duhoraho n’imiterere mibi ya mekanike. Kwinjira mu buryo budahagije, mu buryo bunyuranye, bishobora kugabanya imikorere ya rukuruzi y’imbere bitewe n’ibyiciro byinshi bitari rukuruzi byashyizweho. Ibipimo by’ubucucike bw’umurongo n’ibikoresho bya ultrasound byo gupima ubucucike, nk’ibyakozwe na Lonnmeter, bitanga amakuru y’igihe nyacyo, bigatuma habaho impinduka no kugabanya inzira.
Imbaraga n'Ubukomezi Bwongerewe mu Mikiniki
Ingufu za magneti za neodymium iron boron zaranzwe n’ubudahangarwa bukabije. Kwinjira kwa resin mu buryo bugenzurwa, byemejwe binyuze mu kugenzura ubwinshi bwa resin mu murongo, bituma habaho imiterere mito kandi ikomeye hagati y’uduce duto. Gufata amashusho yihuta cyane mu gihe cy’ibizamini bikaze bigaragaza ko magneti zinjira neza zihanganira imitwaro myinshi kandi zigaragaza ko zigenda zikwirakwira buhoro ugereranije n’ingero zitavuwe cyangwa zitavuwe neza. Izi ntambwe zijyanye neza n’ubuziranenge n’imitangire ya resin ikwirakwira mu mbibi z’ingano.
Ugereranyije na rukuruzi zakozwe nta buryo bwitondewe bwo gutera resin, izivurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kwinjira muri resin bukurikiranwa neza zigaragaza imbaraga zo gukanda cyane ku kigero cya 30%, cyane cyane iyo ziremereye cyane. Ingano imwe y'ibinyabutabire ituma buri gice cya rukuruzi kibona imbaraga zihagije zidatakaza ubusugire bwa rukuruzi muri rusange.
Guteza imbere kurwanya ingese
Gukora magneti ya Neodymium bisaba ibisubizo ku kwangirika kw'ingufu, cyane cyane ku binyabiziga n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Inyungu zo kwinjira kwa magneti kuri magneti zirimo gukora uruzitiro rurinda, rukarinda ibintu bikaze—nk'ubushuhe cyangwa imyunyu—kugera ku nyubako z'imbere zishobora kwangirika. Igerageza ryo kwigana ibidukikije bikomeye rigaragaza isano itaziguye: magneti zifite magneti zikoreshwa neza mu kwinjira kwa magneti zigaragaza ko zagabanyije cyane igipimo cya magneti kandi zigatuma imbaraga za magneti zigumana imbaraga za magneti mu gihe kirekire cyo gukora.
Ibipimo by’ubwinjirire—byagaragajwe n’ibipimo by’ubwinjirire bya ultrasonic—ni ingenzi mu kugenzura ko resin itwikira neza kandi ikarinda imbibi z’ingano zagaragaye. Iyo ubwinjirire bwa resin burenze urugero rwagenwe mu gihe cyo gukora, inzibutso ziburira abakora mbere yuko hagira inenge cyangwa uduce duto duto.
Kubungabunga Imiterere ya Magneti
Kugira ngo umuntu agere ku musaruro ukomeye wa rukuruzi (imbaraga nyinshi n'ubudahinduka) bisaba kwitabwaho ku buringanire buri hagati y'ingano ya resin n'ikwirakwizwa ry'icyiciro rusange. Isesengura ry'ibinyabutabire mu nganda—rikurikiranwa n'ibikoresho byo gupima Lonnmeter—rituma uburyo bwo kwinjira mu butaka bukomeza imbibi z'ingano hatabayeho kugabanya cyane intera ya rukuruzi. Urugero, guhuza 0.64 wt% by'ikintu cy'ubutaka kidasanzwe binyuze mu gukwirakwira kw'ingano bituma imbaraga ziyongera kuva kuri 16.66 kOe kugeza kuri 23.78 kOe—inyungu ifitanye isano rya hafi no kwinjira neza no kugenzura icyiciro.
Gukurikirana buri gihe ubwinshi bw'amatafari ya resin ntibikomeza gusa imiterere y'amatafari, ahubwo binatuma amashanyarazi ya NdFeB arushaho kuba meza mu bikorwa bikenerwa cyane.
Gutuza Ubwiza bw'Ibikorwa Hakoreshejwe Ibikoresho bya Lonnmeter
Gupima mu buryo bwikora kandi buhoraho hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima ubuziranenge bwa Lonnmeter cyangwa icyuma gipima ubuziranenge bwa Lonnmeter gipima ubuziranenge bwa ultrasonic bituma inzira yo kwinjira kwa resin iguma ihamye mu gihe cyose cyo gukora ibintu byinshi—bigabanya umuvuduko wo gusubiramo ibintu. Ihindagurika ry’imikorere riboneka vuba kandi rikosorwa, bigabanyiriza ibyago byo kwangirika kw’amakuru n’ibikoresho byangiritse. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha umurongo mu buryo bwihuse bugabanya gukenera igeragezwa ryangiza ritari kuri interineti, bugabanya uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, kandi bugatuma ireme ry’ibicuruzwa rihagarara uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Abakora bakoresha ubu buryo bwo kugenzura ibintu mu buryo burambuye babona amakosa make ya mekanike, kurinda ingese neza, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha rukuruzi buri hejuru. Ibi bituma rukuruzi za neodymium iron boron ziramba kandi zizewe cyane, zikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara imodoka, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ingufu.
Mu kwemeza ko inzira yo kwinjira kwa resin kuri magnets igenzurwa neza hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima ubunini bw’amazi, abakora bashobora gutanga ibikoresho bya magnets bigezweho kandi biramba kandi bifite imikorere myiza cyane.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ni akahe kamaro k’ubwinjiriro bwa resin ku makuru ya neodymium iron boron?
Kwinjira mu cyuma cya resin byongera kuramba no kuramba kwa magnete za neodymium iron boron binyuze mu gukora uruzitiro rurinda ubushuhe n'ibintu byangiza. Imbibi z'ingano z'iyi magnete zishobora kwangizwa na galvanic corruption, ibyo bigatuma kwangirika vuba no gucika k'ubuso. Ibyuma bya resin—nk'i-epoxy resin cyangwa parylene—bigabanya imikoranire itaziguye n'ubushuhe bwo mu kirere, bigabanya cyane igipimo cya corruption kandi bikabuza imiterere kwangirika. Kwinjira mu cyuma kimwe kandi byongera ubudahangarwa ku bushobozi bwa mekanike bugaragara mu gihe cyo guteranya no gukoresha. Cyane cyane, kwinjira mu cyuma cya resin bibungabunga imiterere ya magnete binyuze mu gukumira gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kuguma mu cyuma no gukanda, bigatuma magnete agumana umusaruro uhoraho wa magnete ukwiriye gukoreshwa neza.
Ni gute gupima ubucucike bw'umubiri mu murongo byongera uburyo bwo kwinjira mu mubiri?
Gupima neza ibipimo by’imiti biri ku murongo umwe byemeza ko resin yinjira mu buryo bugenzurwa kandi bushobora gusubirwamo. Gukurikirana buri gihe bituma habaho guhindura imiterere ya resin mu gihe nyacyo, bigafasha uburebure bw’amazi yinjira neza kandi bigakwirakwira neza muri buri gice cya magnet. Uku kuringaniza birinda kwinjira cyane cyangwa gukabije, bigagabanya inenge z’ibicuruzwa nko gufunga neza cyangwa kurinda ikoranabuhanga ritaringaniye. Gupima neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo hakomeze kuba ubwiza mu nganda zikora ibintu byinshi cyangwa zikora mu buryo bwikora, bigamije kwemeza ko buri magneti yujuje uburambe n’imikorere myiza.
Ni iki gitandukanya igipimo cy’ibinyabutabire cya Lonnmeter n’ibindi bisubizo?
Igipimo cy’ibinyabutabire cya Lonnmeter gitanga ibisobanuro by’igihe nyacyo n’ibitekerezo byihuse mu gihe cyo kwinjira kwa resin. Bitandukanye n’ingero zitari kuri interineti, iki gipimo cy’umurongo gikurikirana buri gihe inzira kandi gikorohereza guhindura ingano n’imiterere ya resin mu buryo bwikora. Imiterere yacyo ikomeye ishimangira ko ari ukuri mu buryo bugoye kandi bunini, bigatuma kiba kibereye mu nganda zisaba umusaruro mwinshi no kugenzura ubuziranenge. Ibipimo bya Lonnmeter byakozwe neza kugira ngo bikore isesengura ry’ibinyabutabire rihoraho rikenewe mu gukora magneti ya neodymium, rifite sensors zifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru n’igihe cyo gusubiza vuba gikenewe kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwiza bwo gutera resin kuri magneti.
Ese ibipimo bya ultrasound bishobora gukurikirana impinduka mu gihe cyo kwinjira kwa resin?
Ibipimo bya ultrasonic bya Lonnmeter bitanga uburyo bwo gukurikirana ingano y’ibice bya resin mu buryo butabangamira ubwinshi bw’ibice mu gihe cyo kwinjira. Ibi byuma bipima ultrasonic bipima ihinduka ry’ibice bya shimi mu buryo budahungabanya umusaruro. Bitanga uburyo bwo gupima buri gihe hamwe n’ibitekerezo byihuse, ingenzi mu kwemeza ko inzira zihamye kandi hirindwa ihindagurika ry’ibice. Uburyo bwa ultrasound ni bwiza mu bihe bisaba isesengura ry’ibice bya shimi kenshi kandi neza, cyane cyane aho imiterere ya resin igomba kuguma ihamye mu gihe cyose cy’injira ry’ibikoresho bya magneti.
Kuki kuvanga resin mu buryo bumwe ari ingenzi mu kuvura kwinjira mu bimera?
Kuvanga resin mu buryo buhoraho kandi bungana ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo resin ikore neza mu kuvura magnets. Resin ivanze neza ituma buri gice cya resin kirindwa kimwe, bikuraho ahantu hadakomeye hashobora kuba ahantu hashobora kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika. Kuvanga neza kandi bishyigikira imikorere ikenewe, nko gukingira neza no kudahungabana mu buryo buhoraho mu gice cyose. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane kuri neodymium iron boron magnets ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bisaba kwihanganirana no kwizerwa cyane, kuko ikwirakwizwa ry’iresin ritaringaniye rishobora kwangiza ubudahangarwa bw’ingufu no gukora neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-08-2025
