Icyuma cya 304 gifite chromium 18–20%, nikeli 8–10.5%, na manganese iri munsi ya 2%. Icyuma cya 201 gifite chromium 16–18%, nikeli 3.5–5.5%, na manganese iri hejuru ya 5–7.5%. Azote iri hejuru muri 201 (kugeza kuri 0.25%) ugereranije na 304 (kugeza kuri 0.10%). Nikeli nyinshi muri 304 zituma habaho ubudahangarwa bukomeye bwa corruption no kudahinduka kw'imiterere ya austenitic. Ubwiyongere bwa manganese na azote muri 201 bigabanya imiterere y'imbaraga ariko bigabanya ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ugereranije na 304.
Ibyuma bita 304 vs 201 by'icyuma kitarimo umwanda
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| Icyiciro | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Mn (%) | N (%) | C (%) |
| 304 | 18-20 | 8-10.5 | ≤2 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.08 |
| 201 | 16-18 | 3.5-5.5 | 5-7.5 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 |
Ingaruka z'ibintu bya Alloy ku miterere y'ibikoresho
Ingano ya nikeli ya 304 irushaho gukomera mu kurwanya ingese, cyane cyane iyo ihuye na aside cyangwa chloride, kandi ikaba ishobora gusudira neza. Chromium nyinshi ikora urwego rwa okiside idakoreshejwe, irinda 304 ogisijeni. Mu 201, manganese na azote birwanya kugabanuka kwa nikeli, bigabanya ikiguzi ariko kandi bigatuma habaho kurwanya ingese ku rugero ruciriritse, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bitose cyangwa umunyu. 304 igera ku mbaraga zo gukurura hafi 520 MPa, itanga imbaraga hafi ya 215 MPa, kandi ikongera uburebure kugeza kuri 50%. 201 ifite umusaruro mwinshi (275 MPa), igabanya uburebure (kugeza kuri 535 MPa), ariko igabanya uburebure (~45%), bigatuma irushaho kugorama.
Kugereranya Imikorere ya Mekanike
Ubushobozi bwo gukurura ibintu bwa 201 butuma ibice biramba cyangwa bikonje, ariko uburebure buke bugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukurura ibintu mu buryo bwimbitse; imiturire irakomeye ku migozi igoye. Ubushobozi bwo gukurura ibintu bwa 304 buragabanuka ariko ubushobozi bwo gukurura ibintu bwinshi bushyigikira uburyo bwo gukurura ibintu bugoye, gusudira neza, no kurangiza neza ubuso.
Ubudahangarwa bw'inkongin'uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu
Ubudahangarwa bw'Ingese mu Bidukikije Bitandukanye
Icyuma kidashonga 304 cyarushije 201 mu kurwanya ingese bitewe n’uko gifite nikeli na kromiyumu nyinshi—8–10.5% bya Ni na 18–20% bya Cr ugereranije na 3.5–5.5% bya Ni na 16–18% bya Cr muri 201. Mu igeragezwa ryo gutera umunyu, 201 yagize ingese y’umukara mu masaha 24, mu gihe 304 nta mpinduka ikomeye yagaragaje, ndetse na nyuma y’amasaha 72, byemeza ko ikwiriye ku biribwa, ubuvuzi, n’ibidukikije byo mu mazi. Icyuma kidashonga 201 kirwanya ingese mu gihe cy’ubushuhe buke, mu nzu ariko kinanirwa vuba mu gihe cy’aside, umunyu, cyangwa ahantu hakonje.
Ibisabwa mu mikoreshereze isanzwe n'imikorere
304 igenzura ibikorwa bikenera kuramba no kugira isuku: ibikoresho byo mu gikoni by’ubucuruzi, aho kogereza, imashini zikoresha ibiribwa, n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi (304 irwanya gupfuka imyobo kandi igakomeza gutunganya irangi). 201 isanga ikoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bikoreshwa n’abantu, ahantu ho gushushanya, aho ibikoresho bikorerwa, n’imbere aho imashini zikenera ibintu biri ku rugero ruciriritse kandi ibintu byangiza bikaba bike.
Ingaruka zo Kutamenyekana neza mu Nganda no mu Ruhererekane rw'Ibicuruzwa
Guhitamo nabi icyuma kidakora neza bituma ibicuruzwa bigwa vuba. Ingano nini ya nikeli na chromium yo mu cyiciro cya 304 ituma habaho kurwanya ingese no kudahinduka kw'ingufu. Iyo 201 isimbuwe na 304, cyane cyane mu biribwa, ubuvuzi, cyangwa mu mazi, habaho ingese, icyuho, n'ibyangiritse by'imiterere. Ibihano by'ingwate n'ibihano byo kubahiriza amategeko bituruka ku gusimbuza, bigira ingaruka ku bakora n'abatanga ibicuruzwa. Ibyuma by'impimbano n'ibirango bitari byo ni ibisanzwe mu miyoboro y'ibicuruzwa yihuta, bigatuma hakenerwa byihutirwa kugenzura neza ibigize icyuma bidasenya.
Uburyo Busanzwe bwo Kumenya
Kumenya intoki bishingiye ku gipimo cya rukuruzi n'isuzuma ry'ahantu hakoreshwa imiti. Icyiciro cya 304, gifite nikeli nyinshi, gifite rukuruzi nkeya kuruta 201. Ariko, gukoresha imbaraga zikonje cyangwa rukuruzi zisigaye bituma ubu buryo budashoboka. Ibipimo byo kugabanuka kwa aside bigaragaza ko hari chromium, ariko ibisobanuro by'ibisubizo ni ibintu byihariye kandi bidahuye. Ubwo buryo bwombi ntibushobora gutandukanya ibintu bya aluminiyumu mu buryo bw'ingano cyangwa ngo buhamye ukuri iyo imiterere ya aluminiyumu iri hafi cyangwa ubuso bwanduye.
Igisubizo cy’Ubuhanga: Isesengura ry’ibikoresho bya XRF ryo kwemeza icyuma kidashonga
Uburyo XRF Alloy Analyzer Ikora
Umucyo wa X-ray (XRF) wohereza imirasire ya X y'ibanze ku gipimo cy'icyuma kidashonga neza, bigatuma ibintu bya alloy bihinduka fluores ku misozo y'ingufu zihariye. Isesengura rifata ibyo bimenyetso hanyuma rigahita rimenya ingano y'ibintu by'ingenzi bya alloy, harimo chromium, nickel, manganese, azote, na fer. Isesengura ryuzuye risaba ibirenze3Amasegonda 0 kuri buri gipimo, ntabwo byangiza na gato, kandi ntibihindura imiterere cyangwa ubuso bw'igice cy'igerageza.
Ibiranga n'Ibyiza of Isesengura ry'inzoga rya Lonnmeter XRF
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'iki gikoresho gikoresha bateri kandi gitwara abantu gitanga icyizere cy'uko gikoreshwa mu kibuga no mu ruganda. Interineti yacyo yo mu bwoko bwa ecran ifasha mu mikorere yihuse na raporo zihariye kandi zishobora gucapwa. Isesengura rikorwa ku bintu bikomeye, rituma habaho igenzura rihoraho kandi rikoresha ingufu nyinshi. Ubuhanga bwo kumenya Lonnmeter (<± 0.2% ku bintu by'ingenzi) birusha uburyo gakondo nko gusuzuma magnetic na spot tests, akenshi bitandukanya amanota iyo urugero rwa manganese cyangwa azote rutandukanye.
Igitekerezo cy'agaciro ku bakoresha babigize umwuga
Igenzura ry’urwego rw’itsinda n’itangwa ry’amakuru ako kanya bigabanya ingendo z’igenzura ku kigero kirenga 60%. Kubika inyandiko hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga hamwe no gukurikirana ingero zidasanzwe byongera ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana igenzura n’iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko y’abatanga serivisi. Kumenya neza ikoreshwa ry’imashini mu buryo buhoraho birinda impaka ku garanti no kudakora neza kw’imikorere.
Saba igiciro n'inama ku bahanga
Hamagara kugira ngo ubone isuzuma rya tekiniki rya Lonnmeter XRF Alloy Analyzer.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)
Ni gute ibintu by'ubutare bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'icyuma kitagira umugese?
Nikeli nyinshi muri 304 zituma imiterere mito ikomera, zikongera ubushobozi bwo gukora, ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza, no kurwanya imiti ikaze. Mu 201, manganese na azote byongereye bisimbura nikeli, byongera imbaraga n'ubukana ariko bigabanya ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese. Ingano ya chromium iri hejuru ya 18% yongera imbaraga za 304 mu guhangana n'ibyuka bihumanya, itandukanya na 201 kugira ngo ikoreshwe cyane.
Ni izihe porogaramu zungukira cyane mu kumenya amanota neza?
Inzego z'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'ibiribwa, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, n'inganda zisaba igenzura ryizewe ry'amanota kugira ngo harebwe ko yubahirizwa, hirindwa ko garanti itangwa, kandi hagashyirwaho umutekano w'ikoreshwa ryayo. Guhitamo neza amanota bituma ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bw'umuntu kirushaho kuba cyiza, cyane cyane mu bidukikije bishobora kwangirika cyangwa isuku.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-26-2026
